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Schanknecht E, Bachari A, Nassar N, Piva T, Mantri N. Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010859. [PMID: 36614303 PMCID: PMC9820847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is deadly, physically impairing, and has ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens include surgery, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and combined approaches. Each of these treatments face pitfalls, with diminutive five-year survival in patients with advanced metastatic invasion of lymph and secondary organ tissues. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids; both natural and synthetic, have emerging evidence of nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmacological potential, including specific anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa is a wellspring of medicinal compounds whose direct and adjunctive application may offer considerable relief for melanoma suffers worldwide. This review aims to address the diverse applications of C. sativa's biocompounds in the scope of melanoma and suggest it as a strong candidate for ongoing pharmacological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Schanknecht
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Ava Bachari
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nazim Nassar
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Terrence Piva
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Chiu YJ, Yang JS, Tsai FJ, Chiu HY, Juan YN, Lo YH, Chiang JH. Curcumin suppresses cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells by downregulating the EGFR signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:868-879. [PMID: 34994998 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant tumor with aggressive behavior. Vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, is clinically used in melanoma, but resistance to melanoma cytotoxic therapies is associated with BRAF mutations. Curcumin can effectively inhibit numerous types of cancers. However, there are no reports regarding the correlation between curcumin and vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells. In this study, vemurafenib-resistant A375.S2 (A375.S2/VR) cells were established, and the functional mechanism of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), serine-threonine kinase (AKT), and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling induced by curcumin was investigated in A375.S2/VR cells in vitro. Our results indicated that A375.S2/VR cells had a higher IC50 concentration of vemurafenib than the parental A375.S2 cells. Moreover, curcumin reduced the viability and confluence of A375.S2/VR cells. Curcumin triggered apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and intrinsic signaling (caspase-9/-3-dependent) pathways in A375.S2/VR cells. Curcumin-induced apoptosis was also mediated by the EGFR signaling pathway. Combination treatment with curcumin and gefitinib (an EGFR inhibitor) synergistically potentiated the inhibitory effect of cell viability in A375.S2/VR cells. The present study provides new insights into the therapy of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma and suggests that curcumin might be an encouraging therapeutic candidate for its drug-resistant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Human Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Chiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lo
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, Taiwan
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3
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Safi M, Al-Azab M, Jin C, Trapani D, Baldi S, Adlat S, Wang A, Ahmad B, Al-Madani H, Shan X, Liu J. Age-Based Disparities in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated in the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) Versus Non-ICI Era: A Population-Based Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:609728. [PMID: 34887846 PMCID: PMC8650702 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.609728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized metastatic melanoma treatment, but our knowledge of ICI activity across age groups is insufficient. Patients in different age groups with advanced melanoma were selected based on the ICI approval time in this study. Patients with melanoma were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database program 2004-2016. The results showed that 4,040 patients had advanced melanoma before the advent of ICI (referred to as the "non-ICI era"), whereas there were 6,188 cases after ICI approval (referred to as the "ICI era"). In all age groups, the cases were dominated by men. The differences between the first (20-59 years) and second (60-74 years) age groups in both eras were significant in terms of surgery performance and holding of insurance policies (p = 0.05). The first and second groups (20-59 and 60-70 years old, respectively) showed no difference in survival (median = 8 months) during the non-ICI era, but the difference was evident in the first, second, and third age groups in the ICI era, with the younger group (20-59 years) having significantly better survival (median = 18, 14, and 10 months, respectively, p = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis of the first group (the youngest) in the ICI era revealed that surgery was significantly associated with an increase in survival among patients compared with those who did not undergo surgery (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, having an insurance policy among all age groups in the ICI era was associated with favorable survival in the first (20-59 years) and second (60-74 years) age groups (p = 0.0001), while there were no survival differences in the older ICI group (>74 years). Although there were differences in survival between the ICI era and the non-ICI era, these results demonstrate that ICI positively affected the survival of younger patients with advanced melanoma (first age group) than it had beneficial effects on older patients. Moreover, having had cancer surgery and holding an insurance policy were positive predictors for patient survival. This study emphasizes that adequate clinical and preclinical studies are important to enhance ICI outcomes across age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Safi
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mahmoud Al-Azab
- Department of Immunology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenxing Jin
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Salem Baldi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Salah Adlat
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aman Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Al-Madani
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiu Shan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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4
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Nienhuis PH, Antunes IF, Glaudemans AWJM, Jalving M, Leung D, Noordzij W, Slart RHJA, de Vries EF, Hospers GAP. 18F-BMS986192 PET imaging of PD-L1 in metastatic melanoma patients with brain metastases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. A pilot study. J Nucl Med 2021; 63:899-905. [PMID: 34503964 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 frequently induces tumor response in metastatic melanoma patients. However, tumor response often takes months and may be heterogeneous. Consequently, additional local treatment for non-responsive metastases may be needed, especially in the case of brain metastases. Non-invasive imaging may allow the characterization of (brain) metastases to predict response. This pilot study uses 18F-BMS986192 PET for PD-L1 expression to explore the variability in metastatic tracer uptake and its relation to tumor response, with a special focus on brain metastases. Methods: Metastatic melanoma patients underwent whole-body 18F-BMS986192 PET/CT scanning before and 6 weeks after starting ICI therapy. 18F-BMS986192 uptake was measured in healthy tissues, organs, and tumor lesions. Tumor response was evaluated at 12 weeks using CT thorax/abdomen and MRI brain. RECIST v 1.1 was used to define therapy response per patient. Response per lesion was measured by the percentage change in lesion diameter. Toxicity was assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: Baseline 18F-BMS986192 PET/CT was performed in 8 patients, with follow-up scans in 4 patients. The highest tracer uptake was observed in the spleen, bone marrow, kidneys, and liver. Tracer uptake in tumor lesions was heterogeneous. In total, 42 tumor lesions were identified at baseline with most lesions in the lungs (n = 21) and brain (n = 14). Tracer uptake was similar between tumor locations. 18F-BMS986192 uptake in lesions at baseline, corrected for blood pool activity, was negatively correlated with the change lesion diameter at response evaluation (r=-0.49, P = 0.005), both in intra- and extracerebral lesions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that 18F-BMS986192 uptake can discriminate between responding and nonresponding lesions with an area under the curve of 0.82. At the follow-up scan an increased 18F-BMS986192 uptake compared to baseline scan was correlated with an increased lesion diameter at response evaluation. In the follow-up 18F-BMS986192-PET scan of two patients, ICI-related toxicity (thyroiditis and colitis) was detected. Conclusion: In this pilot study, 18F-BMS986192 PET showed heterogeneous uptake in intra and extracerebral metastatic lesions in melanoma patients. Baseline 18F-BMS986192 uptake was able to predict an ICI treatment-induced reduction in lesion volume, whereas the follow-up PET scan allowed the detection of treatment-induced toxicity.
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5
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Ch'ng S, Scolyer RA, Thompson JF. ASO Author Reflections: Surgical Resection May Improve the Outcome for Patients with Residual Metastatic Melanoma When Modern Systemic Therapies Have Not Achieved Complete Disease Control. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:6124-6125. [PMID: 34373967 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Ch'ng
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, 2040, Australia. .,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, 2040, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, 2040, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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6
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Li AT, Vakharia K, Lo SN, Varey AHR, Carlino MS, Saw RPM, Shannon KF, Howle JR, Pennington TE, Stretch JR, Nieweg OE, Spillane AJ, Long GV, Menzies AM, Scolyer RA, Thompson JF, Ch'ng S. Survival Outcomes of Salvage Metastasectomy After Failure of Modern-Era Systemic Therapy for Melanoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:6109-6123. [PMID: 34347220 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasectomy for selected patients with melanoma was associated with improved survival in the era before effective systemic therapy. Emerging evidence shows that these benefits persist even in this era of BRAF-targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of salvage metastasectomy after failure of systemic therapy. METHODS Stage 3 or 4 melanoma patients with extracranial disease progression after at least 4 weeks of systemic treatment between 2009 and 2020 were identified and categorized as resected to no evidence of disease (NED), non-progressive residual disease (NPRD), or progressive residual disease (PRD). Systemic therapy was stratified into BRAF-targeted therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, or both. The end points of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and locoregional disease control (LRC) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression procedures were used to examine factors associated with OS, PFS and LRC. RESULTS The study enrolled 190 patients. Among all the patients, the 5-year OS from metastatectomy was 52%, the 3-year PFS was 21%, and the 5-year LRC was 61%. After resection to NED, NPRD, and PRD, the 5-year OS values were 69%, 62% and 8%, respectively. Fewer lines of preoperative therapy, use of preoperative immunotherapy, and resection to NED were predictors of improved OS. After resection to NED, NPRD, and PRD, the 3-year PFS values were 23%, 24% and 10%, and the 5-year LRC values were 61%, 72% and 34%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Salvage metastasectomy was associated with durable survival and disease control, particularly after resection to NED, preoperative immunotherapy, and fewer lines of preoperative systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Li
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kavita Vakharia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Serigne N Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander H R Varey
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn P M Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie R Howle
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas E Pennington
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Stretch
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Omgo E Nieweg
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Spillane
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sydney Ch'ng
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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7
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Ch'ng S, Uyulmaz S, Carlino MS, Pennington TE, Shannon KF, Rtshiladze M, Stretch JR, Nieweg OE, Varey AHR, Hsiao E, Kapoor R, Pires da Silva I, Lo SN, Spillane AJ, Scolyer RA, Long GV, Hong AM, Saw RPM, Thompson JF, Menzies AM. Re-defining the role of surgery in the management of patients with oligometastatic stage IV melanoma in the era of effective systemic therapies. Eur J Cancer 2021; 153:8-15. [PMID: 34126335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although previously the mainstay of treatment, the role of surgery in the management of patients with oligometastatic stage IV melanoma has changed with the advent of effective systemic therapies (most notably immunotherapy). Contemporary treatment options for patients with asymptomatic solitary or oligo-metastases include upfront surgery followed by adjuvant immunotherapy or upfront immunotherapy with salvage surgery as required. For suspected solitary or oligo-metastases, surgery serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Advances in radiological technology allow metastases to be detected earlier and surgery to be less morbid. Surgical morbidities are generally more tolerable than serious immune-related adverse effects, but surgery may be less effective. Upfront immunotherapy ensures that futile surgery is not offered for rapidly progressive disease. It also provides an opportunity to assess response to treatment, which predicts outcome, and may obviate the need for surgery. However, it is important not to miss a window of opportunity for surgical intervention, whereby if disease progresses on immunotherapy it becomes unresectable. In situations where local therapy is recommended but surgery is not desired, stereotactic radiosurgery may be an effective alternative. The decision-making process regarding upfront surgery versus immunotherapy needs to take place within a specialist melanoma multidisciplinary setting and be customised to individual patient and tumour factors. Ultimately, high-level clinical trial evidence is required to resolve uncertainties in the management of patients with oligometastatic stage IV melanoma but the complexity of the varying presentations may make trial design challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Ch'ng
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Head & Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, Australia.
| | - Semra Uyulmaz
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Head & Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas E Pennington
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Head & Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Michael Rtshiladze
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Stretch
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Omgo E Nieweg
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander H R Varey
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edward Hsiao
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rony Kapoor
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ines Pires da Silva
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Serigne N Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J Spillane
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela M Hong
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Radiation Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Robyn P M Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Mater Hospital, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Versluis JM, Hendriks AM, Weppler AM, Brown LJ, de Joode K, Suijkerbuijk KPM, Zimmer L, Kapiteijn EW, Allayous C, Johnson DB, Hepner A, Mangana J, Bhave P, Jansen YJL, Trojaniello C, Atkinson V, Storey L, Lorigan P, Ascierto PA, Neyns B, Haydon A, Menzies AM, Long GV, Lebbe C, van der Veldt AAM, Carlino MS, Sandhu S, van Tinteren H, de Vries EGE, Blank CU, Jalving M. The role of local therapy in the treatment of solitary melanoma progression on immune checkpoint inhibition: A multicentre retrospective analysis. Eur J Cancer 2021; 151:72-83. [PMID: 33971447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In patients with metastatic melanoma, progression of a single tumour lesion (solitary progression) after response to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is increasingly treated with local therapy. We evaluated the role of local therapy for solitary progression in melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with metastatic melanoma treated with ICI between 2010 and 2019 with solitary progression as first progressive event were included from 17 centres in 9 countries. Follow-up and survival are reported from ICI initiation. RESULTS We identified 294 patients with solitary progression after stable disease in 15%, partial response in 55% and complete response in 30%. The median follow-up was 43 months; the median time to solitary progression was 13 months, and the median time to subsequent progression after treatment of solitary progression (TTSP) was 33 months. The estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) was 79%; median OS was not reached. Treatment consisted of systemic therapy (18%), local therapy (36%), both combined (42%) or active surveillance (4%). In 44% of patients treated for solitary progression, no subsequent progression occurred. For solitary progression during ICI (n = 143), the median TTSP was 29 months. Both TTSP and OS were similar for local therapy, ICI continuation and both combined. For solitary progression post ICI (n = 151), the median TTSP was 35 months. TTSP was higher for ICI recommencement plus local therapy than local therapy or ICI recommencement alone (p = 0.006), without OS differences. CONCLUSION Almost half of patients with melanoma treated for solitary progression after initial response to ICI had no subsequent progression. This study suggests that local therapy can benefit patients and is associated with favourable long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Versluis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne M Hendriks
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alison M Weppler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Lauren J Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Karlijn de Joode
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karijn P M Suijkerbuijk
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ellen W Kapiteijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 AZ, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Allayous
- AP-HP Dermatology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Université de Paris, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Adriana Hepner
- Melanoma Institute Australia, 40 Rocklands Rds, Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065, Australia; Medical Oncology Service, Instituto Do Cancer Do Estado de Sao Paulo, Av Dr Amaldo, 251 Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Joanna Mangana
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Prachi Bhave
- Department of Medical Oncology, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yanina J L Jansen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Claudia Trojaniello
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Victoria Atkinson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Lucy Storey
- University of Manchester and Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wimslow Rd, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Lorigan
- University of Manchester and Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wimslow Rd, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Andrew Haydon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, 40 Rocklands Rds, Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065, Australia; University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, 40 Rocklands Rds, Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065, Australia; University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Reserve Rd, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Celeste Lebbe
- AP-HP Dermatology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Université de Paris, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Astrid A M van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, 40 Rocklands Rds, Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065, Australia; University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Harm van Tinteren
- Department of Biometrics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian U Blank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 AZ Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
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9
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Ramos RI, Shaw MA, Foshag L, Stern SL, Rahimzadeh N, Elashoff D, Hoon DSB. Genetic Variants in Immune Related Genes as Predictors of Responsiveness to BCG Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010091. [PMID: 33396862 PMCID: PMC7795941 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The study objective was to determine if an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)-based immune multi-gene panel has the ability to predict adjuvant BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin) immunotherapy responsiveness post-tumor resection in AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stages III and IV metastatic melanoma patients. A pilot study followed by further verification and control melanoma patient cohorts involving three phase III multicenter clinical trials was used to verify if an immune gene SNP panel could identify if adjuvant BCG therapy correlates with disease outcomes. We found a specific immune gene SNP panel that could identify which patients would respond to adjuvant BCG immunotherapy, but it was not applicable in the control non-immunotherapy treated patients. These studies provide evidence that SNP immune-gene assessment has utility in predicting melanoma patient’s immunotherapy responses to adjuvant BCG immunotherapy. Abstract Adjuvant immunotherapy in melanoma patients improves clinical outcomes. However, success is unpredictable due to inherited heterogeneity of immune responses. Inherent immune genes associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may influence anti-tumor immune responses. We assessed the predictive ability of 26 immune-gene SNPs genomic panels for a clinical response to adjuvant BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) immunotherapy, using melanoma patient cohorts derived from three phase III multicenter clinical trials: AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage IV patients given adjuvant BCG (pilot cohort; n = 92), AJCC stage III patients given adjuvant BCG (verification cohort; n = 269), and AJCC stage III patients that are sentinel lymph node (SLN) positive receiving no immunotherapy (control cohort; n = 80). The SNP panel analysis demonstrated that the responder patient group had an improved disease-free survival (DFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.84, 95% CI 1.09–3.13, p = 0.021) in the pilot cohort. In the verification cohort, an improved overall survival (OS) (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.07–2.67, p = 0.025) was observed. No significant differences of SNPs were observed in DFS or OS in the control patient cohort. This study demonstrates that SNP immune genes can be utilized as a predictive tool for identifying melanoma patients that are inherently responsive to BCG and potentially other immunotherapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romela Irene Ramos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA; (R.I.R.); (M.A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Misa A. Shaw
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA; (R.I.R.); (M.A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - Leland Foshag
- Division of Surgical Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA;
| | - Stacey L. Stern
- Department of Biostatistics, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA;
| | - Negin Rahimzadeh
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA; (R.I.R.); (M.A.S.); (N.R.)
| | - David Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA;
| | - Dave S. B. Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA; (R.I.R.); (M.A.S.); (N.R.)
- Correspondence:
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