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Zhang J, Hu W, Zou Z, Li Y, Kang F, Li J, Dong S. The role of lipid metabolism in osteoporosis: Clinical implication and cellular mechanism. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101122. [PMID: 38523674 PMCID: PMC10958717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have become focused on the relationship between lipids and bone metabolism balance. Moreover, many diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and menopause, are associated with osteoporotic phenotypes. It has been clinically observed in humans that these lipid metabolism disorders promote changes in osteoporosis-related indicators bone mineral density and bone mass. Furthermore, similar osteoporotic phenotype changes were observed in high-fat and high-cholesterol-induced animal models. Abnormal lipid metabolism (such as increased oxidized lipids and elevated plasma cholesterol) affects bone microenvironment homeostasis via cross-organ communication, promoting differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes, and inhibiting commitment towards osteoblasts. Moreover, disturbances in lipid metabolism affect the bone metabolism balance by promoting the secretion of cytokines such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand by osteoblasts and stimulating the differentiation of osteoclasts. Conclusively, this review addresses the possible link between lipid metabolism disorders and osteoporosis and elucidates the potential modulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways by which lipid metabolism affects bone metabolism balance. We also summarize the possible approaches and prospects of intervening lipid metabolism for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Huang J, Li W, Sun Y, Huang Z, Cong R, Yu C, Tao H. Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm): A Global Epidemiological Overview, Radiographic Characteristics, Comorbid Associations, and Differentiation from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:753-764. [PMID: 38505581 PMCID: PMC10949882 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s453086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) manifests notable epidemiological disparities across the globe, with its prevalence and influential factors showcasing pronounced diversities among various geographical territories and demographics. The prevalence of PRISm fluctuates considerably among regions such as Latin America, the United States, and Asian nations, potentially correlating with a myriad of determinants, including socioeconomic status, environmental factors, and lifestyle modalities. Concurrently, the link between PRISm and health risks and other disorders, especially its distinction and interrelation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has become a pivotal subject of scientific enquiry. Radiographic anomalies, such as perturbations in the pulmonary parenchyma and structural alterations, are posited as salient characteristics of PRISm. Furthermore, PRISm unveils intricate associations with multiple comorbidities, inclusive of hypertension and type 2 diabetes, thereby amplifying the intricacy in comprehending and managing this condition. In this review, we aim to holistically elucidate the epidemiological peculiarities of PRISm, its potential aetiological contributors, its nexus with COPD, and its association with radiographic aberrations and other comorbidities. An integrative understanding of these dimensions will provide pivotal insights for the formulation of more precise and personalised preventative and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yecheng Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhutang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Cong
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Tao
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
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Kang YM, Kim KY, Kim TI, Kim YJ, Kim HH, Kim K. Cheong-sang-bang-pung-san alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1223534. [PMID: 37745047 PMCID: PMC10511874 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1223534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The occurrence of fatty liver disease, resulting from the accumulation of excessive fat within the liver, has been showing a significant and rapid increase. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Cheong-sang-bang-pung-san extract (CB) on fatty liver disease, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We used a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed fatty liver mice and free fatty acid (FFA) induced HepG2 cell lipid accumulation model. The levels of serum, hepatic, and intracellular lipid content were assessed. Histopathological staining was used to evaluate the extent of hepatic lipid accumulation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were conducted to examine the expression of factors associated with lipid metabolism. Results: We demonstrated that treatment with CB dramatically reduced body weight, liver weight, and fat mass, and improved the serum and hepatic lipid profiles in HFD-induced fatty liver mice. Additionally, CB alleviated lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice by controlling lipid metabolism, including fatty acid uptake, triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis, and fatty acid oxidation, at the mRNA as well as protein levels. In free fatty acid-treated HepG2 cells, CB significantly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism via the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Conclusion: These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying CB's effects on liver steatosis and position of CB as a potential therapeutic candidate for managing lipid metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Mi Kang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Hae Kim
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Vitulo M, Gnodi E, Rosini G, Meneveri R, Giovannoni R, Barisani D. Current Therapeutical Approaches Targeting Lipid Metabolism in NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12748. [PMID: 37628929 PMCID: PMC10454602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, including nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)) is a high-prevalence disorder, affecting about 1 billion people, which can evolve to more severe conditions like cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is often concomitant with conditions of the metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity and insulin-resistance, but a specific drug able to revert NAFL and prevent its evolution towards NASH is still lacking. With the liver being a key organ in metabolic processes, the potential therapeutic strategies are many, and range from directly targeting the lipid metabolism to the prevention of tissue inflammation. However, side effects have been reported for the drugs tested up to now. In this review, different approaches to the treatment of NAFLD are presented, including newer therapies and ongoing clinical trials. Particular focus is placed on the reverse cholesterol transport system and on the agonists for nuclear factors like PPAR and FXR, but also drugs initially developed for other conditions such as incretins and thyromimetics along with validated natural compounds that have anti-inflammatory potential. This work provides an overview of the different therapeutic strategies currently being tested for NAFLD, other than, or along with, the recommendation of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Vitulo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Elisa Gnodi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Giulia Rosini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56021 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Donatella Barisani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.V.); (E.G.); (R.M.)
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Wang Y, Chang C, Tian S, Wang J, Gai X, Zhou Q, Chen Y, Gao X, Sun Y, Liang Y. Differences in the lipid metabolism profile and clinical characteristics between eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1204985. [PMID: 37503537 PMCID: PMC10369057 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1204985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in serum lipid metabolite profiles and their relationship with clinical characteristics between patients with eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic AECOPD. Methods: A total of 71 AECOPD patients were enrolled. Eosinophilic AECOPD was defined as blood EOS% ≥ 2% (n = 23), while non-eosinophilic AECOPD, as blood EOS< 2% (n = 48). Clinical data were collected, and serum lipid metabolism profiles were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The XCMS software package was used to pre-process the raw data, and then, lipid metabolite identification was achieved through a spectral match using LipidBlast library. Differences in lipid profiles and clinical features between eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups were analyzed by generalized linear regression. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was applied to screen the most characteristic lipid markers for the eosinophilic phenotype. Results: Eosinophilic AECOPD patients had less hypercapnic respiratory failures, less ICU admissions, a shorter length of stay in the hospital, and a lower fibrinogen level. In the lipid metabolism profiles, 32 significantly different lipid metabolites were screened through a t-test adjusted by using FDR (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05 and VIP> 1). Nine differential lipid metabolites were found to be associated with the three clinical features, namely, hypercapnia respiratory failure, ICU admission, and fibrinogen in further integration analysis. The species of triacylglycerol (TAG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and diacylglyceryl trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) were high in these eosinophilic AECOPD. The LASSO was applied, and three lipid metabolites were retained, namely, LPC (16:0), TAG (17:0/17:2/17:2), and LPC (20:2). The logistic regression model was fitted using these three markers, and the area under the ROC curve of the model was 0.834 (95% CI: 0.740-0.929). Conclusion: Patients with eosinophilic AECOPD had a unique lipid metabolism status. Species of TAGs and LPCs were significantly increased in this phenotype and were associated with better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Sifan Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqiang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yahong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchang Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Wang K, Zhao Y, Xu L, Liao X, Xu Z. Health outcomes of 100% orange juice and orange flavored beverage: A comparative analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics in rats. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100454. [PMID: 36815996 PMCID: PMC9932342 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A high intake of sugar-sweetened fruity beverage (FB) is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndromes, but the health outcome of 100% fruit juice (FJ) intake remains unclear. We aim to reveal health outcomes of diet intervention (FJ or FB) with system profiling via interaction of gut microbiota and metabolomics in a rat (Rattus norvegicus) model. Firstly, the glucose, sucrose, fructose, and bioactive metabolites of FJ and FB were analyzed, and FJ possessed higher sucrose and flavonoids, while FB showed higher glucose and fructose. Secondly, C0 was set as the control group on Day 0, and a 4-week diet invention was performed to control, FJ-intake, and FB-intake groups with normal saline, FJ, and FB, respectively. The results showed that FJ improved alpha diversity and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio (F/B ratio) of gut microbiota and prevented insulin resistance. However, FB possessed unchanged microbial diversity and enhanced F/B ratio, causing insulin resistance with renal triglyceride accumulation. In summary, FJ, although naturally containing similar amounts of total free sugars as FB, could be a healthier drink choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewen Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Corresponding author. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Kotlyarov S. Immune and metabolic cross-links in the pathogenesis of comorbid non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:597-615. [PMID: 36742172 PMCID: PMC9896611 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a steady growth of interest in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is associated with negative epidemiological data on the prevalence of the disease and its clinical significance. NAFLD is closely related to the metabolic syndrome and these relationships are the subject of active research. A growing body of evidence shows cross-linkages between metabolic abnormalities and the innate immune system in the development and progression of NAFLD. These links are bidirectional and largely still unclear, but a better understanding of them will improve the quality of diagnosis and management of patients. In addition, lipid metabolic disorders and the innate immune system link NAFLD with other diseases, such as atherosclerosis, which is of great clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan 390026, Russia
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Bahrami M, Forouharnejad K, Mirgaloyebayat H, Ghasemi Darestani N, Ghadimi M, Masaeli D, Fazeli P, Mohammadi H, Shabani M, Emami Ardestani M. Correlations and diagnostic tools for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 14:311-315. [PMID: 36741201 PMCID: PMC9890204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regarding the importance of obesity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we aimed to evaluate of correlation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and COPD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 96 patients with COPD were evaluated. This study was conducted in 2016-2018. The severity of COPD was determined by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2017 criteria. We investigated the correlations between MetS with COPD and possible diagnostic tools. RESULTS Of all COPD patients, 86.5% had MetS, and the means of waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and triglyceride in patients with MetS were significantly higher than the patients without MetS (P < 0.05). We showed that forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) with a 37% cutoff had 92.8% and 69.2% sensitivity and specificity, respectively (area of the curve: 0.51, 0.31-0.71). CONCLUSION MetS is prevalent among COPD and FEV1 could be considered as important diagnostic tool for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Bahrami
- Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Mozhgan Ghadimi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | - Dorna Masaeli
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | - Pooya Fazeli
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Emami Ardestani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
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Shi Z, Zhang C, Lei H, Chen C, Cao Z, Song Y, Chen G, Wu F, Zhou J, Lu Y, Zhang L. Structural Insights into Amelioration Effects of Quercetin and Its Glycoside Derivatives on NAFLD in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14732-14743. [PMID: 36351282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The sugar moieties of natural flavonoids determine their absorption, bioavailability, and bioactivity in humans. To explore structure-dependent bioactivities of quercetin, isoquercetin, and rutin, which have the same basic skeleton linking different sugar moieties, we systemically investigated the ameliorative effects of dietary these flavonoids on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) of mice. Our results revealed that isoquercetin exhibits the strongest capability in improving NAFLD phenotypes of mice, including body and liver weight gain, glucose intolerance, and systemic inflammation in comparison with quercetin and rutin. At the molecular level, dietary isoquercetin markedly ameliorated liver dysfunction and host metabolic disorders in mice with NAFLD. At the microbial level, the three flavonoids compounds, especially isoquercetin, can effectively regulate the gut microbiota composition, such as genera Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, which were significantly disrupted in NAFLD mice. These comparative findings offer new insights into the structure-dependent activities of natural flavonoids for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hehua Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuchen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinlin Zhou
- Engineering Research Academy of High Value Utilization of Green Plants, Meizhou 514021, China
- Golden Health (Guangdong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yujing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering Research Academy of High Value Utilization of Green Plants, Meizhou 514021, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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10
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Clinical Significance of Lipid Transport Function of ABC Transporters in the Innate Immune System. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1083. [PMID: 36363640 PMCID: PMC9698216 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ABC transporters are a large family of proteins that transport a variety of substrates across cell plasma membranes. Because of this, they are involved in many physiological processes. It is of interest to note that many ABC transporters are involved in the transport of various lipids. In addition, this function may be related to the innate immune system. The evidence that ABC transporters are involved in the regulation of the innate immune system through the transport of various substances greatly enhances the understanding of their clinical significance. ABC transporters are involved in the cellular homeostasis of cholesterol as well as in the regulation of its content in lipid rafts. Through these mechanisms, they can regulate the function of membrane proteins, including receptors of the innate immune system. By regulating lipid transport, some members of ABC transporters are involved in phagocytosis. In addition, ABC transporters are involved in the transport of lipopolysaccharide, lipid mediators of inflammation, and perform other functions in the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Economics, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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11
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Kotlyarov S. Immune Function of Endothelial Cells: Evolutionary Aspects, Molecular Biology and Role in Atherogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179770. [PMID: 36077168 PMCID: PMC9456046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the key problems of modern medicine, which is due to the high prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their significant share in the structure of morbidity and mortality in many countries. Atherogenesis is a complex chain of events that proceeds over many years in the vascular wall with the participation of various cells. Endothelial cells are key participants in vascular function. They demonstrate involvement in the regulation of vascular hemodynamics, metabolism, and innate immunity, which act as leading links in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. These endothelial functions have close connections and deep evolutionary roots, a better understanding of which will improve the prospects of early diagnosis and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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Wu X, Chen Z, Wu Y, Chen Y, Jia J, Shen N, Chiba H, Hui SP. Flazin as a Lipid Droplet Regulator against Lipid Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071501. [PMID: 35406114 PMCID: PMC9002757 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid disorders are closely related to numerous metabolic diseases, and lipid droplets (LDs) have been considered as a new target for regulating lipid metabolism. Dietary intervention and nutraceuticals provide safe and long-term beneficial effects for treating metabolic diseases. Flazin is a diet-derived bioactive constituent mainly existing in fermented foods, of which the lipid metabolism improvement function has not been studied. In this study, the effect of flazin on lipid regulation at both cell level and organelle level was investigated. Lipidomic profiling showed that flazin significantly decreased cellular triglyceride (TG) by 12.0–22.4% compared with modeling groups and improved the TG and free fatty acid profile. LD staining revealed that flazin efficiently reduced both cellular neutral lipid content by 17.4–53.9% and LD size by 10.0–35.3%. Furthermore, nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis proved that flazin exhibited a preferential suppression of LD TG and regulated LD morphology, including a size decrease and surface property improvement. An evaluation of related gene expression suggested the mechanism to be lipolysis promotion and lipogenesis inhibition. These findings indicated that flazin might be an LD regulator for reversing lipid metabolism disturbance. Moreover, the strategy proposed in this study may contribute to developing other nutraceuticals for treating lipid disorder-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunzhi Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Yue Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Yifan Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Jiaping Jia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Nianqiu Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi-ku, Sapporo 007-0894, Japan;
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (X.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.C.); (J.J.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-11-706-3693
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Laboratory Profile of COVID-19 Patients with Hepatitis C-Related Liver Cirrhosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030652. [PMID: 35160114 PMCID: PMC8836842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cirrhosis are known to have multiple comorbidities and impaired organ system functioning due to alterations caused by chronic liver failure. In the past two years, since the COVID-19 pandemic started, several studies have described the affinity of SARS-CoV-2 with the liver and biliary cells. Considering hepatitis C as a significant independent factor for cirrhosis in Romania, this research was built on the premises that this certain group of patients is susceptible to alterations of their serum parameters that are yet to be described, which might be useful in the management of COVID-19 in these individuals. A retrospective cohort study was developed at a tertiary hospital for infectious disease in Romania, which included a total of 242 patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis across two years, out of which 46 patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Stratification by patient weight and COVID-19 status identified several important laboratory serum tests as predictors for acute-on-chronic liver failure and risk for intensive care unit admission. Thus, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, ferritin, hypoglycemia, prothrombin time, and HCV viral load were independent risk factors for ACLF in patients with COVID-19. High PT, creatinine, BUN, and HCV viral load were the strongest predictors for ICU admission. Inflammatory markers and parameters of gas exchange were also observed as risk factors for ACLF and ICU admission, including procalcitonin, CRP, IL-6, and D-dimers. Our study questions and confirms the health impact of COVID-19 on patients with cirrhosis and whether their laboratory profile significantly changes due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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