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Karakaya S, Göger G, Bona GE, Yuca H, Aydın B, Tekman E, Şahin AA, Pınar NM, Güvenalp Z. Screening of antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, anatomical and morphological properties of Colchicum speciosum Steven (Colchicaceae). PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:1493-1506. [PMID: 35262800 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colchicum speciosum Steven species is a perennial stemless plant. C. speciosum is a flowering herb native to mountainous regions of northern Turkey, the Caucasus, and northern Iran. It has been known as "Vargit, Acı Çiğdem, Güz Çiğdemi". The present study reports the antimicrobial, antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of corm, leaf and flower methanol extracts, anatomical (light and electron microscopes) properties of root, corm, leaf, flowers and morphological characteristics of C. speciosum. Three different part of extracts C. speciosum were evaluated against E. coli ATCC 8739, S. aureus ATCC 6538, B. subtilis ATCC 19,659, C. albicans ATCC 10,231, C. krusei ATCC 14,243, and C. tropicalis ATCC 750. The most effective extract was found to be MeOH extract for corm and leaf against C. tropicalis ATCC 750 strain with MIC value 160 > µg/mL. It has been investigated first time anatomy of the tepal, ovary, anther, filament of C. speciosum. Leaf extract was the highest phenolic component (78.61842 µg GAE/ mg extract). As a result of DPPH• and ABTS•+ tests, it was determined that the leaf extract showed the best activity (IC50 = 6.568 μg/mL and IC50 = 3.243 μg/mL, respectively). Corm extract exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 21039 µg/mL. This is the first study of the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, detailed anatomical and morphological properties of C. speciosum. HıGHLıGHTS : • Antioxidant-antidiabetic-antimicrobial potential of Colchicum speciosum • Leaf extract had the highest phenolic component • The leaf got the highest DPPH• and ABTS•+ antioxidant potential • Corm extract exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity • The most effective extract was found to be MeOH extract for corm and leaf against C. tropicalis • This is the first study of the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, detailed anatomical and morphological properties of C. speciosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songul Karakaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
- Ataturk University Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Göger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Ekşi Bona
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hafize Yuca
- Ataturk University Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Bilge Aydın
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Enes Tekman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Aydan Acar Şahin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nur Münevver Pınar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zühal Güvenalp
- Ataturk University Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Plant Metabolomics as a Tool for Detecting Adulterants in Edible Plant: A Case Study of Allium ursinum. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090849. [PMID: 36144253 PMCID: PMC9501555 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium ursinum and poisonous adulterants Convallaria majalis and Arum maculatum were used as a model for detection of adulterants in edible plant. A. ursinum samples were spiked with C. majalis and A. maculatum to mimic adulteration. Metabolomic fingerprinting of all samples was performed using 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the resulting data sets were subjected to multivariate data analysis. As a result of this analysis, signals of adulterants were extracted from the data, and the structures of biomarkers of adulteration from partially purified samples were elucidated using 2D NMR and LC-MS techniques. Thus, isovitexin and vicenin II, azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, and trigonelline indicated adulteration of A. ursinum samples with C. majalis. Isovitexin was also recognized to be an indicator of adulteration of A. ursinum with A. maculatum. In conclusion, the case study of A. ursinum suggested that plant metabolomics approach could be utilized for identification of low molecular weight biomarkers of adulteration in edible plants.
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ALPER M. Antiproliferative and antioxidant potential of methanol extracts of aerial parts of Colchicum boissieri and Colchicum balansae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1056920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Martinelli E, Senizza B, Miras-Moreno B, Yildiztugay E, Arikan B, Elbasan F, Ak G, Balci M, Zengin G, Rouphael Y, Lucini L. The Combination of Mild Salinity Conditions and Exogenously Applied Phenolics Modulates Functional Traits in Lettuce. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071457. [PMID: 34371660 PMCID: PMC8309431 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The quest for sustainable strategies aimed at increasing the bioactive properties of plant-based foods has grown quickly. In this work, we investigated the impact of exogenously applied phenolics, i.e., chlorogenic acid (CGA), hesperidin (HES), and their combinations (HES + CGA), on Lactuca sativa L. grown under normal- and mild-salinity conditions. To this aim, the phenolic profile, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibitory activity were determined. The untargeted metabolomics profiling revealed that lettuce treated with CGA under non-stressed conditions exhibited the highest total phenolic content (35.98 mg Eq./g). Lettuce samples grown under salt stress showed lower phenolic contents, except for lettuce treated with HES or HES + CGA, when comparing the same treatment between the two conditions. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was investigated through DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,20-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays, coupled with metal-chelating activity and phosphomolybdenum capacity. An exciting increase in radical scavenging capacity was observed in lettuce treated with exogenous phenolics, in both stress and non-stress conditions. The inhibitory activity of the samples was evaluated against target health-related enzymes, namely cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase; AChE; butyryl cholinesterase; BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Lettuce treated with HES + CGA under non-stress conditions exhibited the strongest inhibition against AChE and BChE, while the same treatment under salinity conditions resulted in the highest inhibition capacity against α-amylase. Additionally, CGA under non-stress conditions exhibited the best inhibitory effect against tyrosinase. All the functional traits investigated were significantly modulated by exogenous phenolics, salinity, and their combination. In more detail, flavonoids, lignans, and stilbenes were the most affected phenolics, whereas glycosidase enzymes and tyrosinase activity were the most affected among enzyme assays. In conclusion, the exogenous application of phenolics to lettuce represents an effective and green strategy to effectively modulate the phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibitory effects in lettuce, deserving future application to produce functional plant-based foods in a sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Erika Martinelli
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Biancamaria Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Gunes Ak
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Melike Balci
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (E.Y.); (B.A.); (F.E.); (M.B.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.Z.); (E.M.); (B.S.); (B.M.-M.); (L.L.)
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Abate G, Zhang L, Pucci M, Morbini G, Mac Sweeney E, Maccarinelli G, Ribaudo G, Gianoncelli A, Uberti D, Memo M, Lucini L, Mastinu A. Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Ethanolic Phyto-Extracts of Artemisia annua L. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070975. [PMID: 34356599 PMCID: PMC8301839 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia annua L. (AA) has shown for many centuries important therapeutic virtues associated with the presence of artemisinin (ART). The aim of this study was to identify and quantify ART and other secondary metabolites in ethanolic extracts of AA and evaluate the biological activity in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. In this work, after the extraction of the aerial parts of AA with different concentrations of ethanol, ART was quantified by HPLC and HPLC-MS. In addition, anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, lignans, low-molecular-weight phenolics, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and terpenes were identified and semi-quantitatively determined by UHPLC-QTOF-MS untargeted metabolomics. Finally, the viability of human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) was evaluated in the presence of the different ethanolic extracts and in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results show that ART is more concentrated in AA samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Regarding the other metabolites, only the anthocyanins are more concentrated in the samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Finally, ART and all AA samples showed a protective action towards the pro-inflammatory stimulus of LPS. In particular, the anti-inflammatory effect of the leaf extract of AA with 90% ethanol was also confirmed at the molecular level since a reduction in TNF-α mRNA gene expression was observed in SH-SY5Y treated with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Abate
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Mariachiara Pucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Giulia Morbini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Eileen Mac Sweeney
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Maccarinelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniela Uberti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (E.M.S.); (G.M.); (G.R.); (A.G.); (D.U.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.M.)
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The phenolic and alkaloid profiles of Solanum erianthum and Solanum torvum modulated their biological properties. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Naviglio D, Gallo M. Application of Analytical Chemistry to Foods and Food Technology. Foods 2020; 9:E1296. [PMID: 32942539 PMCID: PMC7554738 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foods are a mixture of substances capable of supplying the human body with nutrients, which, once metabolized, are used mainly for the production of energy, heat, replenishment, and growth material for organs and tissues, ensuring the normal performance of vital functions necessary for growth of the human body. Therefore, the study of the chemical composition of foods and the properties of their constituents helps to define their nutritional and commodity values. Furthermore, it allows for evaluation of the chemical modifications that the constituents of the food undergo following the treatments (Food Technology) to which they are subjected. Analytical chemistry is the branch of chemistry based on the qualitative and quantitative determination of compounds present in a sample under examination. Therefore, through its application, it is possible to determine the quality of a product and/or its nutritional value, reveal adulterations, identify the presence of xenobiotic substances potentially harmful to human health (heavy metals, IPA, pharmaceuticals, etc.). Furthermore, some foods, in particular those of plant origin, contain numerous substances, secondary metabolites, with huge beneficial effects for human health. These functional components can be taken both through a correct diet, but also obtained from different food matrices by technological or biotechnological processes for the formulation of both functional foods and/or nutraceutical products. This Special Issue brings together 10 original studies and two comprehensive reviews on the above topics, in particular: (i) processes of extraction, identification, and characterization of biologically active compounds from different food matrices, (ii) overview of the main techniques applied for the determination of food colors, (iii) newer and greener solid-liquid extraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Naviglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Chemical Characterization and Bioactive Properties of Different Extracts from Fibigia clypeata, an Unexplored Plant Food. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060705. [PMID: 32492817 PMCID: PMC7353635 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibigia clypeata (L.) Medik. is a poorly studied plant species belonging to the Brassicaceae family, and usually used as cress in the salads. The current investigation aimed at assessing the antioxidant potential and inhibitory activity of ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous extracts of F. clypeata against key enzymes targeted in the management of type II diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), Alzheimer’s disease (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase), and skin hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase). Cytotoxicity of the extracts was also determined using normal VERO and cancer FaDu and SCC-25 cell lines. Besides, LC-MS was employed to investigate the detailed phytochemical profiles of the extracts. The methanol extract showed potent enzyme inhibitory activity (4.87 mg galantamine equivalent/g, 3.52 mg galantamine equivalent/g, 126.80 mg kojic acid equivalent/g, and 24.68 mg acarbose equivalent/g, for acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase, respectively) and antioxidant potential (96.52, 109.10, 154.02, and 104.85 mg trolox equivalent/g, for DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays, respectively). Interestingly, caffeic acid-O-hexoside derivative, caffeyl alcohol O-glucopyranoside, and ferulic acid derivative were identified in all extracts. F. clypeata extracts showed no cytotoxicity towards VERO cell line and a weak cytotoxic potential against FaDu and SCC-25 cell lines. Interesting scientific evidence gathered from the present study support further investigation on F. clypeata in the view of designing and developing a novel therapeutic agent for the management of Alzheimer’s disease, type II diabetes, skin hyperpigmentation problems, as well as cancer.
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