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Vishwakarma M, Agrawal P, Soni S, Tomar S, Haider T, Kashaw SK, Soni V. Cationic nanocarriers: A potential approach for targeting negatively charged cancer cell. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 327:103160. [PMID: 38663154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, a widespread and lethal disease, necessitates precise therapeutic interventions to mitigate its devastating impact. While conventional chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, its lack of specificity towards cancer cells results in collateral damage to healthy tissues, leading to adverse effects. Thus, the quest for targeted strategies has emerged as a critical focus in cancer research. This review explores the development of innovative targeting methods utilizing novel drug delivery systems tailored to recognize and effectively engage cancer cells. Cancer cells exhibit morphological and metabolic traits, including irregular morphology, unchecked proliferation, metabolic shifts, genetic instability, and a higher negative charge, which serve as effective targeting cues. Central to these strategies is the exploitation of the unique negative charge characteristic of cancer cells, attributed to alterations in phospholipid composition and the Warburg effect. Leveraging this distinct feature, researchers have devised cationic carrier systems capable of enhancing the specificity of therapeutic agents towards cancer cells. The review delineates the underlying causes of the negative charge in cancer cells and elucidates various targeting approaches employing cationic compounds for drug delivery systems. Furthermore, it delves into the methods employed for the preparation of these systems. Beyond cancer treatment, the review also underscores the multifaceted applications of cationic carrier systems, encompassing protein and peptide delivery, imaging, photodynamic therapy, gene delivery, and antimicrobial applications. This comprehensive exploration underscores the potential of cationic carrier systems as versatile tools in the fight against cancer and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Poornima Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Sakshi Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Surbhi Tomar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Tanweer Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior 474005, MP, India
| | - Sushil K Kashaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Vandana Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India.
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2
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Oliveira BB, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Assessing the gene silencing potential of AuNP-based approaches on conventional 2D cell culture versus 3D tumor spheroid. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1320729. [PMID: 38410164 PMCID: PMC10894999 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1320729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture using tumor spheroids provides a crucial platform for replicating tissue microenvironments. However, effective gene modulation via nanoparticle-based transfection remains a challenge, often facing delivery hurdles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with their tailored synthesis and biocompatibility, have shown promising results in two-dimensional (2D) cultures, nevertheless, they still require a comprehensive evaluation before they can reach its full potential on 3D models. While 2D cultures offer simplicity and affordability, they lack physiological fidelity. In contrast, 3D spheroids better capture in vivo conditions, enabling the study of cell interactions and nutrient distribution. These models are essential for investigating cancer behavior, drug responses, and developmental processes. Nevertheless, transitioning from 2D to 3D models demands an understanding of altered internalization mechanisms and microenvironmental influences. This study assessed ASO-AuNP conjugates for silencing the c-MYC oncogene in 2D cultures and 3D tumor spheroids, revealing distinctions in gene silencing efficiency and highlighting the microenvironment's impact on AuNP-mediated gene modulation. Herein, we demonstrate that increasing the number of AuNPs per cell by 2.6 times, when transitioning from a 2D cell model to a 3D spheroid, allows to attain similar silencing efficiencies. Such insights advance the development of targeted gene therapies within intricate tissue-like contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz B. Oliveira
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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3
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Mutalik C, Nivedita, Sneka C, Krisnawati DI, Yougbaré S, Hsu CC, Kuo TR. Zebrafish Insights into Nanomaterial Toxicity: A Focused Exploration on Metallic, Metal Oxide, Semiconductor, and Mixed-Metal Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1926. [PMID: 38339204 PMCID: PMC10856345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials are widely used in various fields, and ongoing research is focused on developing safe and sustainable nanomaterials. Using zebrafish as a model organism for studying the potentially toxic effects of nanomaterials highlights the importance of developing safe and sustainable nanomaterials. Studies conducted on nanomaterials and their toxicity and potential risks to human and environmental health are vital in biomedical sciences. In the present review, we discuss the potential toxicity of nanomaterials (inorganic and organic) and exposure risks based on size, shape, and concentration. The review further explores various types of nanomaterials and their impacts on zebrafish at different levels, indicating that exposure to nanomaterials can lead to developmental defects, changes in gene expressions, and various toxicities. The review also covers the importance of considering natural organic matter and chorion membranes in standardized nanotoxicity testing. While some nanomaterials are biologically compatible, metal and semiconductor nanomaterials that enter the water environment can increase toxicity to aquatic creatures and can potentially accumulate in the human body. Further investigations are necessary to assess the safety of nanomaterials and their impacts on the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Mutalik
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Nivedita
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (N.); (C.S.)
| | - Chandrasekaran Sneka
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (N.); (C.S.)
| | - Dyah Ika Krisnawati
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya 60237, East Java, Indonesia;
| | - Sibidou Yougbaré
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé/Direction Régionale du Centre Ouest (IRSS/DRCO), Nanoro BP 218, 11, Burkina Faso;
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Rong Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (N.); (C.S.)
- Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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4
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Gupta D, Roy P, Sharma R, Kasana R, Rathore P, Gupta TK. Recent nanotheranostic approaches in cancer research. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:8. [PMID: 38240834 PMCID: PMC10799106 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Humanity is suffering from cancer which has become a root cause of untimely deaths of individuals around the globe in the recent past. Nanotheranostics integrates therapeutics and diagnostics to monitor treatment response and enhance drug efficacy and safety. We hereby propose to discuss all recent cancer imaging and diagnostic tools, the mechanism of targeting tumor cells, and current nanotheranostic platforms available for cancer. This review discusses various nanotheranostic agents and novel molecular imaging tools like MRI, CT, PET, SPEC, and PAT used for cancer diagnostics. Emphasis is given to gold nanoparticles, silica, liposomes, dendrimers, and metal-based agents. We also highlight the mechanism of targeting the tumor cells, and the limitations of different nanotheranostic agents in the field of research for cancer treatment. Due to the complexity in this area, multifunctional and hybrid nanoparticles functionalized with targeted moieties or anti-cancer drugs show the best feature for theranostics that enables them to work on carrying and delivering active materials to the desired area of the requirement for early detection and diagnosis. Non-invasive imaging techniques have a specificity of receptor binding and internalization processes of the nanosystems within the cancer cells. Nanotheranostics may provide the appropriate medicine at the appropriate dose to the appropriate patient at the appropriate time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshikha Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
| | - Priyanka Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rishabh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Richa Kasana
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Pragati Rathore
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Tejendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
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5
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Le MT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen XH, Do XH, Mai BT, Ngoc Nguyen HT, Trang Than UT, Nguyen TH. Regulation and therapeutic potentials of microRNAs to non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22080. [PMID: 38058618 PMCID: PMC10696070 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 80%-85% of total cases and leading to millions of deaths worldwide. Drug resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure in NSCLC, which urges scientists to develop advanced approaches for NSCLC treatment. Among novel approaches, the miRNA-based method has emerged as a potential approach as it allows researchers to modulate target gene expression. Subsequently, cell behaviors are altered, which leads to the death and the depletion of cancer cells. It has been reported that miRNAs possess the capacity to regulate multiple genes that are involved in various signaling pathways, including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase, receptor tyrosine kinase/rat sarcoma virus/mitogen-activated protein kinase, wingless/integrated, retinoblastoma, p53, transforming growth factor β, and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways. Dysregulation of these signaling pathways in NSCLC results in abnormal cell proliferation, tissue invasion, and drug resistance while inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, understanding the roles of miRNAs in regulating these signaling pathways may enable the development of novel NSCLC treatment therapies. However, a comprehensive review of potential miRNAs in NSCLC treatment has been lacking. Therefore, this review aims to fill the gap by summarizing the up-to-date information on miRNAs regarding their targets, impact on cancer-associated pathways, and prospective outcomes in treating NSCLC. We also discuss current technologies for delivering miRNAs to the target cells, including virus-based, non-viral, and emerging extracellular vesicle-based delivery systems. This knowledge will support future studies to develop an innovative miRNA-based therapy and select a suitable carrier to treat NSCLC effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Le
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Huyen-Thu Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Vinmec-VinUni Institute of Immunology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Hai Do
- Department of Gastroenterology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Binh Thanh Mai
- Department of Practical and Experimental Surgery, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung Street, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Uyen Thi Trang Than
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
- Vinmec-VinUni Institute of Immunology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Hong Nguyen
- Vinmec Hi-tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
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Pourali P, Dzmitruk V, Benada O, Svoboda M, Benson V. Conjugation of microbial-derived gold nanoparticles to different types of nucleic acids: evaluation of transfection efficiency. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14669. [PMID: 37674013 PMCID: PMC10482973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, gold nanoparticles produced by eukaryotic cell waste (AuNP), were analyzed as a transfection tool. AuNP were produced by Fusarium oxysporum and analyzed by spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used before and after conjugation with different nucleic acid (NA) types. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS) was used to determine the AuNP concentration. Conjugation was detected by electrophoresis. Confocal microscopy and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to assess transfection. TEM, SEM, and EDS showed 25 nm AuNP with round shape. The amount of AuNP was 3.75 ± 0.2 µg/µL and FTIR proved conjugation of all NA types to AuNP. All the samples had a negative charge of - 36 to - 46 mV. Confocal microscopy confirmed internalization of the ssRNA-AuNP into eukaryotic cells and qPCR confirmed release and activity of carried RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pourali
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Dzmitruk
- Center of Molecular Structure, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vesec, Czech Republic
| | - O Benada
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Svoboda
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - V Benson
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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7
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Yan C, Zhang J, Huang M, Xiao J, Li N, Wang T, Ling R. Design, strategies, and therapeutics in nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery systems for breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8096-8116. [PMID: 37551630 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing small interfering RNA (siRNA) as a treatment for cancer, a disease largely driven by genetic aberrations, shows great promise. However, implementing siRNA therapy in clinical practice is challenging due to its limited bioavailability following systemic administration. An attractive approach to address this issue is the use of a nanoparticle (NP) delivery platform, which protects siRNA and delivers it to the cytoplasm of target cells. We provide an overview of design considerations for using lipid-based NPs, polymer-based NPs, and inorganic NPs to improve the efficacy and safety of siRNA delivery. We focus on the chemical structure modification of carriers and NP formulation optimization, NP surface modifications to target breast cancer cells, and the linking strategy and intracellular release of siRNA. As a practical example, recent advances in the development of siRNA therapeutics for treating breast cancer are discussed, with a focus on inhibiting cancer growth, overcoming drug resistance, inhibiting metastasis, and enhancing immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Yan
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Meiling Huang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Nanlin Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Physico-chemical characterization and anti-laryngeal cancer effects of the gold nanoparticles. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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9
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Chavda VP, Balar PC, Patel SB. Interventional nanotheranostics in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nanotheranostics 2023; 7:128-141. [PMID: 36793354 PMCID: PMC9925354 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.80120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventional nanotheranostics is a system of drug delivery that does a dual function; along with the therapeutic action, it also does have diagnostic features. This method helps in early detection, targeted delivery, and the least chances of damage to surrounding tissue. It ensures the highest efficiency for the management of the disease. Imaging is the near future for the quickest and most accurate detection of disease. After combing both effective measures, it ensures the most meticulous drug delivery system. Nanoparticles such as Gold NPs, Carbon NPs, Silicon NPS, etc. The article emphasizes on effect of this delivery system in the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. It is one of the widely spreading diseases and theranostics is trying to make the scenario better. The review suggests the pitfall of the current system and how theranostics can help. It describes the mechanism used to generate its effect and believes that interventional nanotheranostics do have a future with rainbow color. The article also describes the current hindrance to the flourishing of this miraculous technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Srushti B Patel
- Pharmacy Section, Government Pharmacy College, Gandhinagar, India
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Poorshamohammad C, Liu L, Cheng X, Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni A, Chai J. Green synthesis of plant-stabilized Au nanoparticles for the treatment of gastric carcinoma. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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11
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Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi F, Alkhaleefah FK, Rahmani AH, Khan AA. Current updates of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and targeting within tumor cells: an innovative strategy of cancer management. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 42:1257-1287. [PMID: 36209487 PMCID: PMC9759771 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas9), an adaptive microbial immune system, has been exploited as a robust, accurate, efficient and programmable method for genome targeting and editing. This innovative and revolutionary technique can play a significant role in animal modeling, in vivo genome therapy, engineered cell therapy, cancer diagnosis and treatment. The CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system targets a specific genomic locus by single guide RNA (sgRNA), forming a heteroduplex with target DNA. The Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9/sgRNA:DNA complex reveals a bilobed architecture with target recognition and nuclease lobes. CRISPR/Cas9 assembly can be hijacked, and its nanoformulation can be engineered as a delivery system for different clinical utilizations. However, the efficient and safe delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to target tissues and cancer cells is very challenging, limiting its clinical utilization. Viral delivery strategies of this system may have many advantages, but disadvantages such as immune system stimulation, tumor promotion risk and small insertion size outweigh these advantages. Thus, there is a desperate need to develop an efficient non-viral physical delivery system based on simple nanoformulations. The delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas9 by a nanoparticle-based system have shown tremendous potential, such as easy and large-scale production, combination therapy, large insertion size and efficient in vivo applications. This review aims to provide in-depth updates on Streptococcus pyogenic CRISPR/Cas9 structure and its mechanistic understanding. In addition, the advances in its nanoformulation-based delivery systems, including lipid-based, polymeric structures and rigid NPs coupled to special ligands such as aptamers, TAT peptides and cell-penetrating peptides, are discussed. Furthermore, the clinical applications in different cancers, clinical trials and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and genome targeting are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health SciencesCollege of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia
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Significance of Capping Agents of Colloidal Nanoparticles from the Perspective of Drug and Gene Delivery, Bioimaging, and Biosensing: An Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810521. [PMID: 36142435 PMCID: PMC9505579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The over-growth and coagulation of nanoparticles is prevented using capping agents by the production of stearic effect that plays a pivotal role in stabilizing the interface. This strategy of coating the nanoparticles’ surface with capping agents is an emerging trend in assembling multipurpose nanoparticles that is beneficial for improving their physicochemical and biological behavior. The enhancement of reactivity and negligible toxicity is the outcome. In this review article, an attempt has been made to introduce the significance of different capping agents in the preparation of nanoparticles. Most importantly, we have highlighted the recent progress, existing roadblocks, and upcoming opportunities of using surface modified nanoparticles in nanomedicine from the drug and gene delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing perspectives.
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13
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Hamimed S, Jabberi M, Chatti A. Nanotechnology in drug and gene delivery. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:769-787. [PMID: 35505234 PMCID: PMC9064725 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, nanotechnology has widely addressed many nanomaterials in the biomedical area with an opportunity to achieve better-targeted delivery, effective treatment, and an improved safety profile. Nanocarriers have the potential property to protect the active molecule during drug delivery. Depending on the employing nanosystem, the delivery of drugs and genes has enhanced the bioavailability of the molecule at the disease site and exercised an excellent control of the molecule release. Herein, the chapter discusses various advanced nanomaterials designed to develop better nanocarrier systems used to face different diseases such as cancer, heart failure, and malaria. Furthermore, we demonstrate the great attention to the promising role of nanocarriers in ease diagnostic and biodistribution for successful clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Hamimed
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia. .,Departement of Biology, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Natural and Life Sciences, Chaikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria.
| | - Marwa Jabberi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Abdelwaheb Chatti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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Theranostic Potentials of Gold Nanomaterials in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133047. [PMID: 35804818 PMCID: PMC9264814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hematological malignancies (HMs) cover 50% of all malignancies, and people of all ages can be affected by these deadly diseases. In many cases, conventional diagnostic tools fail to diagnose HMs at an early stage, due to heterogeneity and the long-term indolent phase of HMs. Therefore, many patients start their treatment at the late stage of HMs and have poor survival. Gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have shown promise as a cancer theranostic agent. GNMs are 1 nm to 100 nm materials having magnetic resonance and surface-plasmon-resonance properties. GNMs conjugated with antibodies, nucleic acids, peptides, photosensitizers, chemotherapeutic drugs, synthetic-drug candidates, bioactive compounds, and other theranostic biomolecules may enhance the efficacy and efficiency of both traditional and advanced theranostic approaches to combat HMs. Abstract Hematological malignancies (HMs) are a heterogeneous group of blood neoplasia generally characterized by abnormal blood-cell production. Detection of HMs-specific molecular biomarkers (e.g., surface antigens, nucleic acid, and proteomic biomarkers) is crucial in determining clinical states and monitoring disease progression. Early diagnosis of HMs, followed by an effective treatment, can remarkably extend overall survival of patients. However, traditional and advanced HMs’ diagnostic strategies still lack selectivity and sensitivity. More importantly, commercially available chemotherapeutic drugs are losing their efficacy due to adverse effects, and many patients develop resistance against these drugs. To overcome these limitations, the development of novel potent and reliable theranostic agents is urgently needed to diagnose and combat HMs at an early stage. Recently, gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have shown promise in the diagnosis and treatment of HMs. Magnetic resonance and the surface-plasmon-resonance properties of GNMs have made them a suitable candidate in the diagnosis of HMs via magnetic-resonance imaging and colorimetric or electrochemical sensing of cancer-specific biomarkers. Furthermore, GNMs-based photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, radiation therapy, and targeted drug delivery enhanced the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer drugs or drug candidates. Therefore, surface-tuned GNMs could be used as sensitive, reliable, and accurate early HMs, metastatic HMs, and MRD-detection tools, as well as selective, potent anticancer agents. However, GNMs may induce endothelial leakage to exacerbate cancer metastasis. Studies using clinical patient samples, patient-derived HMs models, or healthy-animal models could give a precise idea about their theranostic potential as well as biocompatibility. The present review will investigate the theranostic potential of vectorized GNMs in HMs and future challenges before clinical theranostic applications in HMs.
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Nie W, Chen J, Wang B, Gao X. Nonviral vector system for cancer immunogene therapy. MEDCOMM – BIOMATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mba2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu PR China
| | - Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu PR China
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Ghidini M, Silva SG, Evangelista J, do Vale MLC, Farooqi AA, Pinheiro M. Nanomedicine for the Delivery of RNA in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112677. [PMID: 35681657 PMCID: PMC9179531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is a multifaceted, life-threatening, and genomically complex disease. The worldwide prevalence of cancer is so high that one in three people will develop cancer during their lifetime. Although the use of RNA therapy is promising to fight cancer, its efficient and safe delivery is still one of the significant challenges hampering its therapeutic application. Thus, the aim of the present review was to highlight the most recent developments in the field of nanomedicine RNA-associated therapies to fight cancer. Abstract The complexity, and the diversity of the different types of cancers allied to the tendency to form metastasis make treatment efficiency so tricky and often impossible due to the advanced stage of the disease in the diagnosis. In recent years, due to tremendous scientific breakthroughs, we have witnessed exponential growth in the elucidation of mechanisms that underlie carcinogenesis and metastasis. The development of more selective therapies made it possible to improve cancer treatment. Although interdisciplinary research leads to encouraging results, scientists still have a long exploration journey. RNA technology represents a promise as a therapeutic intervention for targeted gene silencing in cancer, and there are already some RNA-based formulations in clinical trials. However, the use of RNA as a therapeutic tool presents severe limitations, mainly related to its low stability and poor cellular uptake. Thus, the use of nanomedicine employing nanoparticles to encapsulate RNA may represent a suitable platform to address the major challenges hampering its therapeutic application. In this review, we have revisited the potential of RNA and RNA-associated therapies to fight cancer, also providing, as support, a general overview of nanoplatforms for RNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sandra G. Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (M.L.C.d.V.)
| | - Jessica Evangelista
- Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Luísa C. do Vale
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (M.L.C.d.V.)
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Marina Pinheiro
- REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- ICVS, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Wei G, He W, Bai Y, Yu H. Design and evaluation of a novel Kaolin-chitosan/gold nanocomposite for the treatment of human lung cancer. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bidar N, Darroudi M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Safdari M, de la Guardia M, Baradaran B, Goodarzi V, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A. Simultaneous nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs and chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy and diagnosis: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174639. [PMID: 34919890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, investigations have revealed that RNA interference (RNAi) has a remarkable potential to decrease cancer burden by downregulating genes. Among various RNAi molecules, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been more attractive for this goal and is able to silence a target pathological path and promote the degradation of a certain mRNA, resulting in either gain or loss of function of proteins. Moreover, therapeutic siRNAs have exhibited low side effects compared to other therapeutic molecular candidates. Nevertheless, siRNA delivery has its own limitations including quick degradation in circulation, ineffective internalization and low passive uptake by cells, possible toxicity against off-target sites, and inducing unfavorable immune responses. Therefore, delivery tools must be able to specifically direct siRNAs to their target locations without inflicting detrimental effects on other sites. To conquer the mentioned problems, nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs, using inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), polymers, and lipids, has been developed as a biocompatible delivery approach. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the siRNA delivery methods that employ nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers, as well as the inorganic-based co-delivery systems used to deliver siRNAs and anticancer agents to target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Bidar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ailin Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Safdari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Yang Y, Sun H, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA, Alhomaid FA, El-kott AF, Abdel-Daim MM. Gold nanoparticles immobilized over Kaolin modified-Mentha extract: Investigation of its antioxidant and anticancer effects against cervical adenocarcinoma cancer cells as a novel chemotherapy agent. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Hayat H, Nukala A, Nyamira A, Fan J, Wang P. A concise review: the synergy between artificial intelligence and biomedical nanomaterials that empowers nanomedicine. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34280907 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac15b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has recently experienced unprecedented growth and development. However, the complexity of operations at the nanoscale introduces a layer of difficulty in the clinical translation of nanodrugs and biomedical nanotechnology. This problem is further exacerbated when engineering and optimizing nanomaterials for biomedical purposes. To navigate this issue, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been applied for data analysis and inference, allowing for a more applicable understanding of the complex interaction amongst the abundant variables in a system involving the synthesis or use of nanomedicine. Here, we report on the current relationship and implications of nanomedicine and AI. Particularly, we explore AI as a tool for enabling nanomedicine in the context of nanodrug screening and development, brain-machine interfaces and nanotoxicology. We also report on the current state and future direction of nanomedicine and AI in cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorder therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasaan Hayat
- Precision Health Program,, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.,Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
| | - Arijit Nukala
- Precision Health Program,, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Anthony Nyamira
- Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
| | - Jinda Fan
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
| | - Ping Wang
- Precision Health Program,, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
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The Nanosystems Involved in Treating Lung Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070682. [PMID: 34357054 PMCID: PMC8307574 DOI: 10.3390/life11070682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though there are various types of cancer, this pathology as a whole is considered the principal cause of death worldwide. Lung cancer is known as a heterogeneous condition, and it is apparent that genome modification presents a significant role in the occurrence of this disorder. There are conventional procedures that can be utilized against diverse cancer types, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, but they are hampered by the numerous side effects. Owing to the many adverse events observed in these therapies, it is imperative to continuously develop new and improved strategies for managing individuals with cancer. Nanomedicine plays an important role in establishing new methods for detecting chromosomal rearrangements and mutations for targeted chemotherapeutics or the local delivery of drugs via different types of nano-particle carriers to the lungs or other organs or areas of interest. Because of the complex signaling pathways involved in developing different types of cancer, the need to discover new methods for prevention and detection is crucial in producing gene delivery materials that exhibit the desired roles. Scientists have confirmed that nanotechnology-based procedures are more effective than conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy, with minor side effects. Several nanoparticles, nanomaterials, and nanosystems have been studied, including liposomes, dendrimers, polymers, micelles, inorganic nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes, and even siRNA delivery systems. The cytotoxicity of such nanosystems is a debatable concern, and nanotechnology-based delivery systems must be improved to increase the bioavailability, biocompatibility, and safety profiles, since these nanosystems boast a remarkable potential in many biomedical applications, including anti-tumor activity or gene therapy. In this review, the nanosystems involved in treating lung cancer and its associated challenges are discussed.
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Yu C, Li L, Hu P, Yang Y, Wei W, Deng X, Wang L, Tay FR, Ma J. Recent Advances in Stimulus-Responsive Nanocarriers for Gene Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100540. [PMID: 34306980 PMCID: PMC8292848 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy provides a promising strategy for curing monogenetic disorders and complex diseases. However, there are challenges associated with the use of viral delivery vectors. The advent of nanomedicine represents a quantum leap in the application of gene therapy. Recent advances in stimulus-responsive nonviral nanocarriers indicate that they are efficient delivery systems for loading and unloading of therapeutic nucleic acids. Some nanocarriers are responsive to cues derived from the internal environment, such as changes in pH, redox potential, enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, and hypoxia. Others are responsive to external stimulations, including temperature gradients, light irradiation, ultrasonic energy, and magnetic field. Multiple stimuli-responsive strategies have also been investigated recently for experimental gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yu
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Long Li
- Department of OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Pei Hu
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | | | - Jingzhi Ma
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
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Kandasamy G, Maity D. Multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles for biomedical cancer treatments - A comprehensive review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112199. [PMID: 34225852 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Modern-day search for the novel agents (their preparation and consequent implementation) to effectively treat the cancer is mainly fuelled by the historical failure of the conventional treatment modalities. Apart from that, the complexities such as higher rate of cell mutations, variable tumor microenvironment, patient-specific disparities, and the evolving nature of cancers have made this search much stronger in the latest times. As a result of this, in about two decades, the theranostic nanoparticles (TNPs) - i.e., nanoparticles that integrate therapeutic and diagnostic characteristics - have been developed. The examples for TNPs include mesoporous silica nanoparticles, luminescence nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles. These TNPs have emerged as single and powerful cancer-treating multifunctional nanoplatforms, as they widely provide the necessary functionalities to overcome the previous/conventional limitations including lack of the site-specific delivery of anti-cancer drugs, and real-time continuous monitoring of the target cancer sites while performing therapeutic actions. This has been mainly possible due to the association of the as-developed TNPs with the already-available unique diagnostic (e.g., luminescence, photoacoustic, and magnetic resonance imaging) and therapeutic (e.g., photothermal, photodynamic, hyperthermia therapy) modalities in the biomedical field. In this review, we have discussed in detail about the recent developments on the aforementioned important TNPs without/with targeting ability (i.e., attaching them with ligands or tumor-specific antibodies) and also the strategies that are implemented to increase their tumor accumulation and to enhance their theranostic efficacies for effective biomedical cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshlenin Kandasamy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Dipak Maity
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.
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Jindal M, Nagpal M, Singh M, Aggarwal G, Dhingra GA. Gold Nanoparticles- Boon in Cancer Theranostics. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:5134-5151. [PMID: 32611300 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200701151403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of death, with an estimated 9.6 million fatalities in 2018. Malignant tumour (cancer) is caused by a mixture of genetic modifications due to the environmental variables that tend to activate or inactivate different genes, ultimately resulting in neoplastic transformations. Cancer is a multi-stage process that results from the conversion of the ordinary cells to tumour cells and progresses from a pre-cancer lesion to abnormal growth. METHODS Chemotherapy inhibits the ability of the cells to divide rapidly in an abnormal manner, but this treatment simultaneously affects the entire cellular network in the human body leading to cytotoxic effects. In this review article, the same issue has been addressed by discussing various aspects of the newer class of drugs in cancer therapeutics, i.e., Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) from metal nanoparticle (NP) class. RESULTS Metal NPs are advantageous over conventional chemotherapy as the adverse drug reactions are lesser. Additionally, ease of drug delivery, targeting and gene silencing are salient features of this treatment. Functionalized ligand-targeting metal NPs provide better energy deposition control in tumour. AuNPs are promising agents in the field of cancer treatment and are comprehensively studied as contrast agents, carriers of medicinal products, radiosensitizers and photothermal agents. For the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, AuNPs are used and also tend to enhance tumour imaging in vivo for a variety of cancer types and diseased organs. CONCLUSION The first part of the review focuses on various nano-carriers that are used for cancer therapy and deals with the progression of metal NPs in cancer therapy. The second part emphasizes the use of nanotechnology by considering the latest studies for diagnostic and therapeutic properties of AuNPs. AuNPs present the latest studies in the field of nanotechnology, which leads to the development of early-stage clinical trials. The next part of the review discusses the major features of five principal types of AuNPs: gold nanorods, gold nanoshells, gold nanospheres, gold nanocages, and gold nanostars that have their application in photothermal therapy (PTT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Jindal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi-110017, India
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Moore JA, Chow JCL. Recent progress and applications of gold nanotechnology in medical biophysics using artificial intelligence and mathematical modeling. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abddd3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dutta K, Das R, Medeiros J, Thayumanavan S. Disulfide Bridging Strategies in Viral and Nonviral Platforms for Nucleic Acid Delivery. Biochemistry 2021; 60:966-990. [PMID: 33428850 PMCID: PMC8753971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanostructures that are sensitive to environmental stimuli are promising nanomaterials for drug delivery. In this class, disulfide-containing redox-sensitive strategies have gained enormous attention because of their wide applicability and simplicity of nanoparticle design. In the context of nucleic acid delivery, numerous disulfide-based materials have been designed by relying on covalent or noncovalent interactions. In this review, we highlight major advances in the design of disulfide-containing materials for nucleic acid encapsulation, including covalent nucleic acid conjugates, viral vectors or virus-like particles, dendrimers, peptides, polymers, lipids, hydrogels, inorganic nanoparticles, and nucleic acid nanostructures. Our discussion will focus on the context of the design of materials and their impact on addressing the current shortcomings in the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingshuk Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ritam Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jewel Medeiros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- The Center for Bioactive Delivery- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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de la Fuente IF, Sawant SS, Tolentino MQ, Corrigan PM, Rouge JL. Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers. Front Chem 2021; 9:613209. [PMID: 33777893 PMCID: PMC7987652 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.613209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids hold immense potential in combating undruggable, gene-based diseases owing to their high programmability and relative ease of synthesis. While the delivery of this class of therapeutics has successfully entered the clinical setting, extrahepatic targeting, endosomal escape efficiency, and subcellular localization. On the other hand, viruses serve as natural carriers of nucleic acids and have acquired a plethora of structures and mechanisms that confer remarkable transfection efficiency. Thus, understanding the structure and mechanism of viruses can guide the design of synthetic nucleic acid vectors. This review revisits relevant structural and mechanistic features of viruses as design considerations for efficient nucleic acid delivery systems. This article explores how viral ligand display and a metastable structure are central to the molecular mechanisms of attachment, entry, and viral genome release. For comparison, accounted for are details on the design and intracellular fate of existing nucleic acid carriers and nanostructures that share similar and essential features to viruses. The review, thus, highlights unifying themes of viruses and nucleic acid delivery systems such as genome protection, target specificity, and controlled release. Sophisticated viral mechanisms that are yet to be exploited in oligonucleotide delivery are also identified as they could further the development of next-generation nonviral nucleic acid vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jessica L. Rouge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Martínez-Negro M, González-Rubio G, Aicart E, Landfester K, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Insights into colloidal nanoparticle-protein corona interactions for nanomedicine applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 289:102366. [PMID: 33540289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties suitable for diagnosing and treating different human diseases. Nevertheless, the successful implementation of NPs in medicine demands a proper understanding of their interactions with the different proteins found in biological fluids. Once introduced into the body, NPs are covered by a protein corona (PC) that determines the biological behavior of the NPs. The formation of the PC can eventually favor the rapid clearance of the NPs from the body before fulfilling the desired objective or lead to increased cytotoxicity. The PC nature varies as a function of the different repulsive and attractive forces that govern the NP-protein interaction and their colloidal stability. This review focuses on the phenomenon of PC formation on NPs from a physicochemical perspective, aiming to provide a general overview of this critical process. Main issues related to NP toxicity and clearance from the body as a result of protein adsorption are covered, including the most promising strategies to control PC formation and, thereby, ensure the successful application of NPs in nanomedicine.
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Palanki R, Peranteau WH, Mitchell MJ. Delivery technologies for in utero gene therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 169:51-62. [PMID: 33181188 PMCID: PMC7855052 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Advances in prenatal imaging, molecular diagnostic tools, and genetic screening have unlocked the possibility to treat congenital diseases in utero prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. While fetal surgery and in utero stem cell transplantation can be harnessed to treat specific structural birth defects and congenital hematological disorders, respectively, in utero gene therapy allows for phenotype correction of a wide range of genetic disorders within the womb. However, key challenges to realizing the broad potential of in utero gene therapy are biocompatibility and efficiency of intracellular delivery of transgenes. In this review, we outline the unique considerations to delivery of in utero gene therapy components and highlight advances in viral and non-viral delivery platforms that meet these challenges. We also discuss specialized delivery technologies for in utero gene editing and provide future directions to engineer novel delivery modalities for clinical translation of this promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Palanki
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William H Peranteau
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center for Fetal Research, Division of General, Thoracic and Fetal Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Roma-Rodrigues C, Pombo I, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Hyperthermia Induced by Gold Nanoparticles and Visible Light Photothermy Combined with Chemotherapy to Tackle Doxorubicin Sensitive and Resistant Colorectal Tumor 3D Spheroids. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8017. [PMID: 33126535 PMCID: PMC7672550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current cancer therapies are frequently ineffective and associated with severe side effects and with acquired cancer drug resistance. The development of effective therapies has been hampered by poor correlations between pre-clinical and clinical outcomes. Cancer cell-derived spheroids are three-dimensional (3D) structures that mimic layers of tumors in terms of oxygen and nutrient and drug resistance gradients. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are promising therapeutic agents which permit diminishing the emergence of secondary effects and increase therapeutic efficacy. In this work, 3D spheroids of Doxorubicin (Dox)-sensitive and -resistant colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT116 and HCT116-DoxR, respectively) were used to infer the potential of the combination of chemotherapy and Au-nanoparticle photothermy in the visible (green laser of 532 nm) to tackle drug resistance in cancer cells. Cell viability analysis of 3D tumor spheroids suggested that AuNPs induce cell death in the deeper layers of spheroids, further potentiated by laser irradiation. The penetration of Dox and earlier spheroid disaggregation is potentiated in combinatorial therapy with Dox, AuNP functionalized with polyethylene glycol (AuNP@PEG) and irradiation. The time point of Dox administration and irradiation showed to be important for spheroids destabilization. In HCT116-sensitive spheroids, pre-irradiation induced earlier disintegration of the 3D structure, while in HCT116 Dox-resistant spheroids, the loss of spheroid stability occurred almost instantly in post-irradiated spheroids, even with lower Dox concentrations. These results point towards the application of new strategies for cancer therapeutics, reducing side effects and resistance acquisition.
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Kumar P, Saini M, Dehiya BS, Sindhu A, Kumar V, Kumar R, Lamberti L, Pruncu CI, Thakur R. Comprehensive Survey on Nanobiomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2019. [PMID: 33066127 PMCID: PMC7601994 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important ideas ever produced by the application of materials science to the medical field is the notion of biomaterials. The nanostructured biomaterials play a crucial role in the development of new treatment strategies including not only the replacement of tissues and organs, but also repair and regeneration. They are designed to interact with damaged or injured tissues to induce regeneration, or as a forest for the production of laboratory tissues, so they must be micro-environmentally sensitive. The existing materials have many limitations, including impaired cell attachment, proliferation, and toxicity. Nanotechnology may open new avenues to bone tissue engineering by forming new assemblies similar in size and shape to the existing hierarchical bone structure. Organic and inorganic nanobiomaterials are increasingly used for bone tissue engineering applications because they may allow to overcome some of the current restrictions entailed by bone regeneration methods. This review covers the applications of different organic and inorganic nanobiomaterials in the field of hard tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039, India; (M.S.); (B.S.D.)
| | - Meenu Saini
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039, India; (M.S.); (B.S.D.)
| | - Brijnandan S. Dehiya
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039, India; (M.S.); (B.S.D.)
| | - Anil Sindhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039, India;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India; (V.K.); (R.T.)
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Luciano Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Catalin I. Pruncu
- Department of Design, Manufacturing & Engineering Management, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rajesh Thakur
- Department of Bio and Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, India; (V.K.); (R.T.)
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Deepak P, Siddalingam R, Kumar P, Anand S, Thakur S, Jagdish B, Jaiswal S. Gene based nanocarrier delivery for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bansal SA, Kumar V, Karimi J, Singh AP, Kumar S. Role of gold nanoparticles in advanced biomedical applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3764-3787. [PMID: 36132791 PMCID: PMC9419294 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00472c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have generated keen interest among researchers in recent years due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In general, GNPs are biocompatible, amenable to desired functionalization, non-corroding, and exhibit size and shape dependent optical and electronic properties. These excellent properties of GNPs exhibit their tremendous potential for use in diverse biomedical applications. Herein, we have evaluated the recent advancements of GNPs to highlight their exceptional potential in the biomedical field. Special focus has been given to emerging biomedical applications including bio-imaging, site specific drug/gene delivery, nano-sensing, diagnostics, photon induced therapeutics, and theranostics. We have also elaborated on the basics, presented a historical preview, and discussed the synthesis strategies, functionalization methods, stabilization techniques, and key properties of GNPs. Lastly, we have concluded this article with key findings and unaddressed challenges. Overall, this review is a complete package to understand the importance and achievements of GNPs in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneev Anil Bansal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University Chandigarh India 160014
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MAIT, Maharaja Agrasen University HP India 174103
| | - Vanish Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) S. A. S. Nagar Punjab 140306 India
| | - Javad Karimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Amrinder Pal Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University Chandigarh India 160014
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Applied Science, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University Chandigarh India 160014
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Synthesis and Stabilization of Support-Free Mesoporous Gold Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061107. [PMID: 32503247 PMCID: PMC7353302 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porous gold nanoparticles (PGNs) are usually prepared in an immobilized form on a solid substrate, which is not practical in many applications. In this work, a simple method is reported for the preparation and stabilization of mesoporous gold particles of a few hundred nanometers in size in aqueous suspension. Nanoparticles of Ag-Au alloy were fabricated on CaF2 and Si/SiO2 substrates by the solid-state dewetting method. Silver was selectively dissolved (dealloyed), and the resulting porous gold nanoparticles were chemically removed from the substrate either in a concerted step with dealloying, or in a subsequent step. Nitric acid was used for the one-step dealloying and detachment of the particles from CaF2 substrate. The consecutive use of HNO3 and HF resulted in the dealloying and the subsequent detachment of the particles from Si/SiO2 substrate. The PGNs were recovered from the aqueous suspensions by centrifugation. The Au content of the suspensions was monitored by using elemental analysis (ICP-OES), and recovery was optimized. The morphology and the optical characteristics of the support-free PGNs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS), and near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIR). The obtained PGNs are spherical disk-shaped with a mean particle size of 765 ± 149 nm. The suspended, support-free PGNs display an ideally narrow dipole plasmon peak at around 1450 nm in the NIR spectral region. Thus, the new colloidal PGNs are ideal candidates for biomedical applications, for instance photothermal therapy.
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Sen GT, Ozkemahli G, Shahbazi R, Erkekoglu P, Ulubayram K, Kocer-Gumusel B. The Effects of Polymer Coating of Gold Nanoparticles on Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage. Int J Toxicol 2020; 39:328-340. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581820927646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used in many biological and biomedical applications. In this regard, their surface modification is of paramount importance in order to increase their cellular uptake, delivery capability, and optimize their distribution inside the body. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of AuNPs on cytotoxicity, oxidant/antioxidant parameters, and DNA damage in HepG2 cells and investigate the potential toxic effects of different surface modifications such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethyleneimine (PEI; molecular weights of 2,000 (low molecular weight [LMW]) and 25,000 (high molecular weight [HMW]). The study groups were determined as AuNPs, PEG-coated AuNPs (AuNPs/PEG), low-molecular weight polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs/PEI LMW), and high-molecular weight polyethyleneimine-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs/PEI HMW). After incubating HepG2 cells with different concentrations of nanoparticles for 24 hours, half maximal inhibitory concentrations (the concentration that kills 50% of the cells) were determined as 166.77, 257.73, and 198.44 µg/mL for AuNPs, AuNPs/PEG, and AuNPs/PEI LMW groups, respectively. Later, inhibitory concentration 30 (IC30, the concentration that kills 30% of the cells) doses were calculated, and further experiments were performed on cells that were exposed to IC30 doses. Although intracellular reactive oxygen species levels significantly increased in all nanoparticles, AuNPs as well as AuNPs/PEG did not cause any changes in oxidant/antioxidant parameters. However, AuNPs/PEI HMW particularly induced oxidative stress as evidence of alterations in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. These results suggest that at IC30 doses, AuNPs do not affect oxidative stress and DNA damage significantly. Polyethylene glycol coating does not have an impact on toxicity, however PEI coating (particularly HMW) can induce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Tilbe Sen
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ozkemahli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Reza Shahbazi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Erkekoglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kezban Ulubayram
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Belma Kocer-Gumusel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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Magro M, Venerando A, Macone A, Canettieri G, Agostinelli E, Vianello F. Nanotechnology-Based Strategies to Develop New Anticancer Therapies. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E735. [PMID: 32397196 PMCID: PMC7278173 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blooming of nanotechnology has made available a limitless landscape of solutions responding to crucial issues in many fields and, nowadays, a wide choice of nanotechnology-based strategies can be adopted to circumvent the limitations of conventional therapies for cancer. Herein, the current stage of nanotechnological applications for cancer management is summarized encompassing the core nanomaterials as well as the available chemical-physical approaches for their surface functionalization and drug ligands as possible therapeutic agents. The use of nanomaterials as vehicles to delivery various therapeutic substances is reported emphasizing advantages, such as the high drug loading, the enhancement of the pay-load half-life and bioavailability. Particular attention was dedicated to highlight the importance of nanomaterial intrinsic features. Indeed, the ability of combining the properties of the transported drug with the ones of the nano-sized carrier can lead to multifunctional theranostic tools. In this view, fluorescence of carbon quantum dots, optical properties of gold nanoparticle and superparamagnetism of iron oxide nanoparticles, are fundamental examples. Furthermore, smart anticancer devices can be developed by conjugating enzymes to nanoparticles, as in the case of bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO) and gold nanoparticles. The present review is aimed at providing an overall vision on nanotechnological strategies to face the threat of human cancer, comprising opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrea Venerando
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Pasteur Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy;
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
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Zhang X, Guo X, Kang X, Yang H, Guo W, Guan L, Wu H, Du L. Surface Functionalization of Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles with Antioxidants Suppresses Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1195-1205. [PMID: 32125152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Because of their biocompatibility and biosafety, pegylated Au NPs (Au@PEG), as a nanodrug-carrier, have been widely applied in different biomedical applications, including imaging and drug delivery systems. Under such conditions, the biosafety of Au@PEG has attracted tremendous attention. However, only a small number of studies focused on the neurotoxicity of Au@PEG used as drug delivery carriers not to mention reducing the neurotoxicity of Au@PEG. To address this issue, the adverse effects of Au@PEG on human neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells were first investigated. The results showed that 4.5 nm Au@PEG significantly induced cell apoptosis through upregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and disordering the mitochondrial membrane potential. To further evaluate whether the neurotoxicity of Au@PEG could be improved through conjugating antioxidants on the surface of Au@PEG, Trolox (a vitamin E analogue)-functionalized Au@PEG (Au@Trolox) was synthesized. The results showed that the neurotoxicity of Au@PEG on SHSY5Y cells could be significantly improved by Au@Trolox. Next, mice were subjected to administration of 4.5 nm Au@PEG and Au@Trolox for 3 months. An increase of oxidative stress and a decrease in the activity of key antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were observed after long-term injection of Au@PEG. More importantly, both the apoptosis of neurons and the activation of astrocytes were observed in the hippocampus of mice injected with Au@PEG. In contrast, the adverse effects of Au@PEG could be improved when injected with Au@Trolox. In short, the present study provided new insights into the toxicity evaluation of nanoparticles and would help to better understand and prevent the neurotoxicity of nanomaterials used in pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Immunology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Guo
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Libo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Roma-Rodrigues C, Rivas-García L, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. Gene Therapy in Cancer Treatment: Why Go Nano? Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E233. [PMID: 32151052 PMCID: PMC7150812 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The proposal of gene therapy to tackle cancer development has been instrumental for the development of novel approaches and strategies to fight this disease, but the efficacy of the proposed strategies has still fallen short of delivering the full potential of gene therapy in the clinic. Despite the plethora of gene modulation approaches, e.g., gene silencing, antisense therapy, RNA interference, gene and genome editing, finding a way to efficiently deliver these effectors to the desired cell and tissue has been a challenge. Nanomedicine has put forward several innovative platforms to overcome this obstacle. Most of these platforms rely on the application of nanoscale structures, with particular focus on nanoparticles. Herein, we review the current trends on the use of nanoparticles designed for cancer gene therapy, including inorganic, organic, or biological (e.g., exosomes) variants, in clinical development and their progress towards clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (L.R.-G.)
| | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (L.R.-G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18071 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (L.R.-G.)
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (L.R.-G.)
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Padayachee J, Singh M. Therapeutic applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in breast cancer and delivery potential of gold nanomaterials. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020; 7:1849543520983196. [PMID: 33488814 PMCID: PMC7768851 DOI: 10.1177/1849543520983196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, approximately 1 in 4 cancers in women are diagnosed as breast cancer (BC). Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and therapy BCs, many patients develop metastases or relapses. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies are required, that can selectively and efficiently kill malignant cells. Direct targeting of the genetic and epigenetic aberrations that occur in BC development is a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of current therapies, which target the tumour phenotype. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas system, composed of only an easily modifiable single guide RNA (sgRNA) sequence bound to a Cas9 nuclease, has revolutionised genome editing due to its simplicity and efficiency compared to earlier systems. CRISPR/Cas9 and its associated catalytically inactivated dCas9 variants facilitate the knockout of overexpressed genes, correction of mutations in inactivated genes, and reprogramming of the epigenetic landscape to impair BC growth. To achieve efficient genome editing in vivo, a vector is required to deliver the components to target cells. Gold nanomaterials, including gold nanoparticles and nanoclusters, display many advantageous characteristics that have facilitated their widespread use in theranostics, as delivery vehicles, and imaging and photothermal agents. This review highlights the therapeutic applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in treating BCs, and briefly describes gold nanomaterials and their potential in CRISPR/Cas9 delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
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Ben Tahar I, Fickers P, Dziedzic A, Płoch D, Skóra B, Kus-Liśkiewicz M. Green pyomelanin-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles: modelling and design, physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:210. [PMID: 31796078 PMCID: PMC6891958 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and their incorporation in materials are amongst the most studied topics in chemistry, physics and material science. Gold NPs have applications in medicine due to their antibacterial and anticancer activities, in biomedical imaging and diagnostic test. Despite chemical synthesis of NPs are well characterized and controlled, they rely on the utilization of harsh chemical conditions and organic solvent and generate toxic residues. Therefore, greener and more sustainable alternative methods for NPs synthesis have been developed recently. These methods use microorganisms, mainly yeast or yeast cell extract. NPs synthesis with culture supernatants are most of the time the preferred method since it facilitates the purification scheme for the recovery of the NPs. Extraction of NPs, formed within the cells or cell-wall, is laborious, time-consuming and are not cost effective. The bioactivities of NPs, namely antimicrobial and anticancer, are known to be related to NPs shape, size and size distribution. RESULTS Herein, we reported on the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) mediated by pyomelanin purified from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. A three levels four factorial Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to evaluate the influence of temperature, pH, gold salt and pyomelanin concentration on the nanoparticle size distribution. Based on the BBD, a quadratic model was established and was applied to predict the experimental parameters that yield to AuNPs with specific size. The synthesized nanoparticles with median size value of 104 nm were of nanocrystalline structure, mostly polygonal or spherical. They exhibited a high colloidal stability with zeta potential of - 28.96 mV and a moderate polydispersity index of 0.267. The absence of cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was investigated on two mammalian cell lines, namely mouse fibroblasts (NIH3T3) and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS). Cell viability was only reduced at AuNPs concentration higher than 160 µg/mL. Moreover, they did not affect on the cell morphology. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that different process parameters affect significantly nanoparticles size however with the mathematical model it is possible to define the size of AuNPs. Moreover, this melanin-based gold nanoparticles showed neither cytotoxicity effect nor altered cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ben Tahar
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Avenue de la Faculté, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Avenue de la Faculté, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Dziedzic
- Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Płoch
- Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kus-Liśkiewicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland.
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41
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Kamimura K, Yokoo T, Abe H, Terai S. Gene Therapy for Liver Cancers: Current Status from Basic to Clinics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121865. [PMID: 31769427 PMCID: PMC6966544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a key organ for metabolism, protein synthesis, detoxification, and endocrine function, and among liver diseases, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, malignant tumors, and congenital disease, liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional therapeutic options such as embolization and chemotherapy are not effective against advanced-stage liver cancer; therefore, continuous efforts focus on the development of novel therapeutic options, including molecular targeted agents and gene therapy. In this review, we will summarize the progress toward the development of gene therapies for liver cancer, with an emphasis on recent clinical trials and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kamimura
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-227-2207; Fax: +81-25-227-0776
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42
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Zhang H, Huang JJ, Wang J, Hu M, Chen XC, Sun W, Ren KF, Ji J. Surface-Mediated Stimuli-Responsive Gene Delivery Based on Breath Figure Film Combined with Matrix Metalloproteinase-Sensitive Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6610-6616. [PMID: 33423480 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Surface-mediated gene delivery appears to be potential gene delivery modes for various applications. Still, controlled and smart delivery manners are required especially considering the need for gene therapy to deliver gene with selectivity. A surface that can effectively payload DNA, promote cell adhesion, and stimuli response is an important prerequisite. Here, we report a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-responsive surface-mediated gene delivery system by combining MMP-degradable hydrogel with a breath figure (BF) porous film. The MMP-degradable hydrogel containing plasmid DNA was loaded into the surface pores of the BF film as DNA reservoirs. The upper surface without hydrogel on the BF film served as footholds of integrin adhesions. MMP is one of the important endogenous signals in tumor-related pathologic changes, and MMP expressions in cancer cells are significantly higher than those in normal cells. Consequently, our surface-mediated gene delivery locally and rapidly released the payload DNA in response to cancer cells and transfected them. This work highlights the importance of the combination of stimuli-response and surface-mediated gene delivery to functional materials, showing good potential applications in the field of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Jie Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mi Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia-Chao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Feng Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
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43
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Hasan MT, Campbell E, Sizova O, Lyle V, Akkaraju G, Kirkpatrick DL, Naumov AV. Multi-Drug/Gene NASH Therapy Delivery and Selective Hyperspectral NIR Imaging Using Chirality-Sorted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1175. [PMID: 31416250 PMCID: PMC6721580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can serve as drug delivery/biological imaging agents, as they exhibit intrinsic fluorescence in the near-infrared, allowing for deeper tissue imaging while providing therapeutic transport. In this work, CoMoCAT (Cobalt Molybdenum Catalyst) SWCNTs, chirality-sorted by aqueous two-phase extraction, are utilized for the first time to deliver a drug/gene combination therapy and image each therapeutic component separately via chirality-specific SWCNT fluorescence. Each of (7,5) and (7,6) sorted SWCNTs were non-covalently loaded with their specific payload: the PI3 kinase inhibitor targeting liver fibrosis or CCR5 siRNA targeting inflammatory pathways with the goal of addressing these processes in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), ultimately to prevent its progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. PX-866-(7,5) SWCNTs and siRNA-(7,6) SWCNTs were each imaged via characteristic SWCNT emission at 1024/1120 nm in HepG2 and HeLa cells by hyperspectral fluorescence microscopy. Wavelength-resolved imaging verified the intracellular transport of each SWCNT chirality and drug release. The therapeutic efficacy of each formulation was further demonstrated by the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of SWCNT-bound PX-866 and >90% knockdown of CCR5 expression with SWCNT/siRNA transfection. This study verifies the feasibility of utilizing chirality-sorted SWCNTs for the delivery and component-specific imaging of combination therapies, also suggesting a novel nanotherapeutic approach for addressing the progressions of NASH to hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Hasan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Olga Sizova
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Veronica Lyle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Giridhar Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | | | - Anton V Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298840, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
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44
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Dykman LA, Khlebtsov NG. Gold nanoparticles in chemo-, immuno-, and combined therapy: review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3152-3182. [PMID: 31467774 PMCID: PMC6706047 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with controlled geometrical and optical properties have been the subject of intense research and biomedical applications. This review summarizes recent data and topical problems in nanomedicine that are related to the use of variously sized, shaped, and structured GNPs. We focus on three topical fields in current nanomedicine: (1) use of GNP-based nanoplatforms for the targeted delivery of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs and of genes; (2) GNP-based cancer immunotherapy; and (3) combined chemo-, immuno-, and phototherapy. We present a summary of the available literature data and a short discussion of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - N G Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
- Saratov National Research State University, 83 Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya, Saratov 410012, Russia
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Vorobjev P, Epanchintseva A, Lomzov A, Tupikin A, Kabilov M, Pyshnaya I, Pyshnyi D. DNA Binding to Gold Nanoparticles through the Prism of Molecular Selection: Sequence-Affinity Relation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7916-7928. [PMID: 31117729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Native DNA strongly adsorbs to citrate-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The resulting composites (DNA/AuNPs) are valuable materials in many fields, especially in biomedicine. For this reason, the process of adsorption is a focus for intensive research. In this work, DNA adsorption to gold nanoparticles was studied using a molecular selection procedure followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. The chemically synthesized DNA library containing a central N26 randomized fragment was sieved through four cycles of adsorption to AuNPs in a tree-like selection-amplification scheme (SELEX (Selective Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment)). The frequencies of occurrence of specific oligomeric DNA motifs, k-mers ( k = 1-6), in the initial and selected pools were calculated. Distribution of secondary structures in the pools was analyzed. A large set of diverse A, T, and G enriched k-mers undergo a pronounced positive selection, and these sequences demonstrate faster and strong binding to the AuNPs. For facile binding, such structural motifs should be located in the loop regions of weak intramolecular complexes-hairpins with imperfect stem, or other portion of the structure, which is unpaired under selection conditions. Our data also show that, under the conditions employed in this study, cytosine is significantly depleted during the selection process, although guanine remains unchanged. These regularities were confirmed in a series of binding experiments with a set of synthetic DNA oligonucleotides. The detailed analysis of DNA binding to AuNPs shows that the sequence specificity of this interaction is low due to its nature, although the presence and the number of specific structural motifs in DNA affect both the rate of formation and the strength of the formed noncovalent associates with AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Vorobjev
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2, Pirogova Street , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Anna Epanchintseva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexander Lomzov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2, Pirogova Street , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Aleksey Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Marsel Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Inna Pyshnaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Dmitrii Pyshnyi
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 8 Lavrentiev Avenue , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University , 2, Pirogova Street , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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46
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Begum AA, Toth I, Moyle PM. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-targeted hybrid peptide/phospholipid pDNA/siRNA delivery systems. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:1153-1171. [PMID: 31050581 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a peptide/phospholipid hybrid system for gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeted delivery of pDNA or siRNA. Materials & methods: A multifunctional GRPR-targeted peptide R9-K(GALA)-BBN(6-14) was combined with a phospholipid oligonucleotide delivery system (1:1 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane) and evaluated for pDNA and siRNA delivery in terms of complex size, toxicity, receptor-targeted delivery and gene expression or knockdown efficiency. Results: By combining peptide and phospholipid delivery systems, synergistic improvements in gene expression and knockdown were observed when compared with either system alone. The optimized formulation demonstrated high levels of EGFP expression and EGFP knockdown, GRPR-targeted delivery, enhanced endosomal release and minimal toxicity. Conclusion: The peptide/phospholipid hybrid system provides efficient GRPR-targeted DNA/siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjuman A Begum
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Moyle
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia
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47
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Mahmoodi Chalbatani G, Dana H, Gharagouzloo E, Grijalvo S, Eritja R, Logsdon CD, Memari F, Miri SR, Rad MR, Marmari V. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in cancer therapy: a nano-based approach. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3111-3128. [PMID: 31118626 PMCID: PMC6504672 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most complex diseases that has resulted in multiple genetic disorders and cellular abnormalities. Globally, cancer is the most common health concern disease that is affecting human beings. Great efforts have been made over the past decades in biology with the aim of searching novel and more efficient tools in therapy. Thus, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been considered one of the most noteworthy developments which are able to regulate gene expression following a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi is a post-transcriptional mechanism that involves the inhibition of gene expression through promoting cleavage on a specific area of a target messenger RNA (mRNA). This technology has shown promising therapeutic results for a good number of diseases, especially in cancer. However, siRNA therapeutics have to face important drawbacks in therapy including stability and successful siRNA delivery in vivo. In this regard, the development of effective siRNA delivery systems has helped addressing these issues by opening novel therapeutic windows which have allowed to build up important advances in Nanomedicine. In this review, we discuss the progress of siRNA therapy as well as its medical application via nanoparticle-mediated delivery for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Dana
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Elahe Gharagouzloo
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona08034, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona08034, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Craig D Logsdon
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fereidoon Memari
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Rouhollah Miri
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Marmari
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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48
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Majumder J, Taratula O, Minko T. Nanocarrier-based systems for targeted and site specific therapeutic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:57-77. [PMID: 31400350 PMCID: PMC6748653 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Systemic drug delivery methods such as oral or parenteral administration of free drugs possess relatively low treatment efficiency and marked adverse side effects. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery in most cases substantially enhances drug efficacy, improves pharmacokinetics and drug release and limits their side effects. However, further enhancement in drug efficacy and significant limitation of adverse side effects can be achieved by specific targeting of nanocarrier-based delivery systems especially in combination with local administration. The present review describes major advantages and limitations of organic and inorganic nanocarriers or living cell-based drug and nucleic acid delivery systems. Among these, different nanoparticles, supramolecular gels, therapeutic cells as living drug carriers etc. have emerged as a new frontier in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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49
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Gao J, Yu B, Li C, Wang W, Xu M, Cao Z, Xie X, Liu J. Photothermal-Enhanced Phase-Transition Nanodroplets for Ultrasound-Mediated Diagnosis and Gene Transfection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1366-1377. [PMID: 33405612 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the promising solutions in cancer therapeutics. Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery showed great potential as a noninvasive strategy for gene therapy. However, the efficiency of gene transfection and incorporation of multiple functions remain key challenges in the development of gene delivery systems. In this study, we developed perfluoropentane (PFP) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) loading nanodroplets for photothermal-enhanced ultrasound-mediated imaging and gene transfection. The nanodroplet theranostic system was formulated with fluorinated cationic poly(aspartamide) based polymer that encapsulated PFP, AuNRs, and plasmid DNA and was stabilized with a negatively charged poly(glutamic acid)-g-MeO-poly(ethylene glycol) (PGA-g-mPEG) coating. The nanodroplets presented good stability, biocompatibility, and DNA binding stability. Upon treatment with both near-infrared and ultrasound energy, the photothermal and ultrasound-responsive system exerted a synergistic effect, in which strong adsorption of light induced hyperthermia that promoted the phase transition of PFP and the following ultrasound irradiation, generating strong acoustic cavitation and sonoporation, thus leading to enhanced ultrasound contrast imaging and gene transfection efficiency both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Baiqing Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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50
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Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040840. [PMID: 30781344 PMCID: PMC6413095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 705] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is highly associated to the physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite the existing heterogeneity of tumors from the same or from different anatomical locations, common features can be found in the TME maturation of epithelial-derived tumors. Genetic alterations in tumor cells result in hyperplasia, uncontrolled growth, resistance to apoptosis, and metabolic shift towards anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). These events create hypoxia, oxidative stress and acidosis within the TME triggering an adjustment of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a response from neighbor stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts) and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), inducing angiogenesis and, ultimately, resulting in metastasis. Exosomes secreted by TME cells are central players in all these events. The TME profile is preponderant on prognosis and impacts efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. Hence, a big effort has been made to develop new therapeutic strategies towards a more efficient targeting of TME. These efforts focus on: (i) therapeutic strategies targeting TME components, extending from conventional therapeutics, to combined therapies and nanomedicines; and (ii) the development of models that accurately resemble the TME for bench investigations, including tumor-tissue explants, “tumor on a chip” or multicellular tumor-spheroids.
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