1
|
Falconer L, Cutajar K, Krupandan A, Capuzzo E, Corner RA, Ellis T, Jeffery K, Mikkelsen E, Moore H, O'Beirn FX, O'Donohoe P, Ruane NM, Shilland R, Tett P, Telfer TC. Planning and licensing for marine aquaculture. REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE 2023; 15:1374-1404. [PMID: 38505117 PMCID: PMC10947445 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Marine aquaculture has the potential to increase its contribution to the global food system and provide valuable ecosystem services, but appropriate planning, licensing and regulation systems must be in place to enable sustainable development. At present, approaches vary considerably throughout the world, and several national and regional investigations have highlighted the need for reforms if marine aquaculture is to fulfil its potential. This article aims to map and evaluate the challenges of planning and licensing for growth of sustainable marine aquaculture. Despite the range of species, production systems and circumstances, this study found a number of common themes in the literature; complicated and fragmented approaches to planning and licensing, property rights and the licence to operate, competition for space and marine spatial planning, emerging species and diversifying marine aquaculture production (seaweed production, Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture [IMTA], nutrient and carbon offsetting with aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and co-location and multiuse platforms), and the need to address knowledge gaps and use of decision-support tools. Planning and licensing can be highly complicated, so the UK is used as a case study to show more detailed examples that highlight the range of challenges and uncertainty that industry, regulators and policymakers face across interacting jurisdictions. There are many complexities, but this study shows that many countries have undergone, or are undergoing, similar challenges, suggesting that lessons can be learned by sharing knowledge and experiences, even across different species and production systems, rather than having a more insular focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Falconer
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Karl Cutajar
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Amalia Krupandan
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Elisa Capuzzo
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture ScienceDorsetUK
| | | | - Tim Ellis
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture ScienceDorsetUK
| | - Keith Jeffery
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture ScienceDorsetUK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robyn Shilland
- The Association for Coastal Ecosystem ServicesLochend CottageDunbarUK
| | - Paul Tett
- Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanUK
| | - Trevor C. Telfer
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fry JP, Ceryes CA, Voorhees JM, Barnes NA, Love DC, Barnes ME. Occupational Safety and Health in U.S. Aquaculture: A Review. J Agromedicine 2019; 24:405-423. [PMID: 31327304 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2019.1639574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Aquaculture encompasses a variety of species in both freshwater and marine settings and can combine elements of agriculture and fishing, two recognized hazardous occupations. Efforts are underway to expand the aquaculture sector in the United States (U.S.), and should be informed by occupational safety and health (OSH) research. The objectives of this review paper are to: i) describe the U.S. aquaculture sector, ii) summarize statistics, peer-reviewed studies, and reports focused on U.S. aquaculture OSH, and iii) describe the policy landscape specific to U.S. aquaculture OSH.Methods: Literature searches employed databases and Internet search engines to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles, reports, and other resources. Due to the expected U.S. expansion of marine aquaculture and paucity of peer-reviewed U.S.-based OSH literature in this sector, additional searches for international research on marine aquaculture were conducted.Results: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated high rates of illness and injury among U.S. aquaculture workers in 2014 and 2015. Peer-reviewed literature on aquaculture OSH identified numerous physical, chemical, and biological OSH risks depending on production methods and settings. Significant policy gaps exist regarding U.S. aquaculture OSH surveillance, reporting, and regulation.Conclusion: This review identifies a critical need for research, surveillance, and best practices information, specific to the major types of aquaculture in the U.S., to augment and inform worker safety and health efforts in this expanding sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian P Fry
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin A Ceryes
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jill M Voorhees
- South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, Spearfish, SD, USA
| | - Nancy A Barnes
- South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, Spearfish, SD, USA
| | - David C Love
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael E Barnes
- South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, McNenny State Fish Hatchery, Spearfish, SD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Turner K, Rabinowitz P, Anderson N, Cohen M, Pappaioanou M. Occupational Injuries of Aquaculture Workers: Washington State. J Agromedicine 2018; 23:336-346. [DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2018.1501452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kali Turner
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, DC, USA
| | - Peter Rabinowitz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, DC, USA
| | - Naomi Anderson
- Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention (SHARP) Program, Olympia, DC, USA
| | - Martin Cohen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, DC, USA
| | - Marguerite Pappaioanou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|