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Erschens R, Armbruster I, Adam SH, Rapp F, Braun L, Schröpel C, Zipfel S, Rieger MA, Gündel H, Rothermund E, Junne F. Unveiling social relationships: exploring the importance of relationships as a moderator of the link between effort-reward imbalance and leader-member exchange among healthcare professionals. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2169. [PMID: 39127619 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Healthcare professionals are at increased risk of experiencing occupational stress and its detrimental stress-sequalae. Relevant theories that contribute to the subjective experience of occupational stress have been identified, such as the model of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and the concept of leader-member exchange (LMX). The aim of this study was to examine how the perceived importance of social relationships at work moderates the relationship between LMX and imbalance ERI. METHODS A survey was conducted among N = 1,137 healthcare professionals from diverse occupational categories in a tertiary hospital in Germany. ERI was gauged using the German version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI-S 10). The quality of leader-employee dyadic relationships was assessed using the German version of the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX-7). The importance of social relationships was assessed on the basis of a previously validated polarity profile. RESULTS More than 75% of healthcare professionals reported high levels of ERI, with those involved in direct patient care particularly affected. On average, leaders rated relationship quality higher than their respective followers. Subjectively higher LMX was associated with lower ERI. This association was moderated by the perceived importance of social relationships at work. Higher subjective ratings of their importance led to a stronger association. CONCLUSION The study highlights the particular challenges faced in the healthcare sector. The results emphasize that the perceived importance of social relationships at work can play a key role in healthcare professionals' job stress and underline the need for stress prevention programs that engage both leaders and followers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erschens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
| | - Ines Armbruster
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Sophia Helen Adam
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Felicitas Rapp
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, 89070, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Braun
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Carla Schröpel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
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Llorca-Pellicer M, Gil-LaOrden P, Prado-Gascó VJ, Gil-Monte PR. The role of psychosocial risks in burnout, psychosomatic disorders, and job satisfaction: lineal models vs a QCA approach in non-university teachers. Psychol Health 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37667484 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2253258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effect of psychosocial risks and resources on burnout, psychosomatic disorders, and job satisfaction using Hierarchical Regression Modelling (HRM) and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). METHOD The sample consisted of 9020 non-university public education teachers (Mage = 45.33 years, SD = 9.15; 72.5% women). RESULTS Demands variables (Workload, Emotional labour, Imbalance, and Interpersonal conflict) were better predictors than resources variables (Job autonomy, Social support, and Resources at work). Resources also significantly improved the model's predictive capacity, except in the case of Indolence. In the QCA results, none of the conditions seems to be necessary. Regarding sufficiency, the combination of the different conditions explains between 44-49% of high levels of Burnout and between 40-47% of low levels of Burnout; between 44-47% of high levels of Psychosomatic disorders and 40-47% of low levels of Psychosomatic disorders; 49% of high Job satisfaction levels and 45-56% of low Job satisfaction levels. CONCLUSIONS The results show that QCA models have better explanatory capacity than HRM. Some variables were not significant in HRM, but they were present in combination with other QCA model variables. The findings contribute to understanding how psychosocial risks affect workers' health and job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llorca-Pellicer
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-LaOrden
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro R Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Pößnecker T, Baxendale M, Braun S, Schwarz E, Hölzer M, Angerer P, Gündel H, Balint E, Rothermund E. Occupational physicians dealing with mental health: between employee and company interests: a qualitative study. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:306. [PMID: 36517913 PMCID: PMC9749363 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-01012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational health physicians are increasingly confronted with mental health issues at their workplace. Facing them, most of them feel insecure and not sufficiently trained. Employee's mental well-being depends at the same time on individual and significantly on organizational variables. This complicates the physician's position, since they have to serve many interests. The focus of the present study is to investigate what difficulties occupational health physicians face and how organizational culture and management influence their work. METHODS Interviews were conducted with N = 25 physicians as part of a training for basic mental health care. Interviews were interpreted using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Working with mentally ill employees was difficult for the physicians interviewed. Many felt insecure managing and preventing mental health issues. A need for further education was observed. Environmental factors (organizational culture, management) have a strong impact on the work of an occupational health physician and highlight its systemic dimension. Even though many of our participants report a meanwhile more open attitude towards mental disorders at their workplace, on the level of direct contact to the management prevail descriptions of little acceptance and a high priority of economic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS More education on topics of mental health is needed for occupational health physicians. Future trainings should consider the intertwined nature of their work and enable them in dealing consciously with other actors in the company. For enhancing employee's mental well-being occupational health physicians could be granted a strengthened position in companies or be supported through more exchange with colleagues in other companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Pößnecker
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany.
| | | | - Simone Braun
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
| | - Elena Schwarz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzer
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
- Sonnenbergklinik, ZfP Südwürttemberg, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, Düsseldorf University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Balint
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm, Germany
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4
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Erschens R, Seifried-Dübon T, Stuber F, Rieger MA, Zipfel S, Nikendei C, Genrich M, Angerer P, Maatouk I, Gündel H, Rothermund E, Peters M, Junne F. The association of perceived leadership style and subjective well-being of employees in a tertiary hospital in Germany. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278597. [PMID: 36512621 PMCID: PMC9746986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professionals in the healthcare sector are a particularly vulnerable group for occupational strain due to high work-related psychological stress. For the implementation of targeted stress-prevention interventions as an important part of a workplace health management programme for all occupational groups and hierarchy levels, information about the current state of their mental health is mandatory. Hence, this study investigated the association of general well-being and different leadership styles among employees in a German tertiary hospital. METHODS Via an online survey, 10,101 employees were contacted. The final sample consisted of 1137 employees. Of these, 27.7% described themselves as leaders and 72.3% as followers. Most participants were female (74.8%), more than half were under 41 years old. Besides control variables, general well-being (WHO-5) and leadership style (transactional and transformational, laissez-faire and destructive leadership) were assessed. RESULTS Leaders reported higher well-being scores than followers. Physicians without leadership responsibilities had the lowest scores for well-being. Practitioners of both transformational and transactional leadership were associated with higher well-being scores, while those practicing laissez-faire and destructive leadership had lower scores for almost every professional group. CONCLUSION Results highlight the necessity for future multimodal health-preventive leadership interventions feature behavioural and organizational intervention modules specifically tailored to hospital professionals at different hierarchical and functional levels to foster the mental health of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erschens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanja Seifried-Dübon
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Felicitas Stuber
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Nikendei
- Department for General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Genrich
- Institute of Psychology, Work and Organisational Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Imad Maatouk
- Department for General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Würzburg, Bayern, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Martin Peters
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Günzburg, Bayern, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
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5
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Rothermund E, Pößnecker T, Antes A, Kilian R, Kessemeier F, von Wietersheim J, Mayer D, Rieger MA, Gündel H, Hölzer M, Balint EM, Mörtl K. Conceptual Framework of a Psychotherapeutic Consultation in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14894. [PMID: 36429612 PMCID: PMC9690206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: A new health care offer called 'psychotherapeutic consultation in the workplace' is an early and effective intervention for employees with common mental disorders. Although cost-effective, it lacks a broader roll-out. This might be attributable to undefined context, mechanisms of change, and a lack of communication; therefore, this study explores how the new model works and where problems occur. (2) Methods: Semi-structured interviews on motivation, expectations and experiences with 20 involved experts. Experts were members of the company health promotion team, service users, and cooperating mental health specialists. Analysis was conducted with ATLAS.ti. (3) Results: The conceptual framework comprises three main topics: (a) structured implementation concept; (b) persons involved, shaping the concept's processes; (c) and meaning and function of the offer within the given context. Concerning (c) we found three potential areas of conflict: (1) intra-corporate conflicts, (2) conflicts between company and employee, (3) and conflicts between the company health promotion and the health care system. Category (c) comprises the offer's core characteristics which were described as low-threshold and preventive. Furthermore, the offer was perceived as convenient in handling, confidential, and having immediate impact on a person's well-being. (4) Conclusions: Here we define structures, address the needs of the involved persons, and communicate foreseeable areas of conflict influences whether the implementation of the intervention succeeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Pößnecker
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Antes
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University Medical Center at BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Kessemeier
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jörn von Wietersheim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dorothea Mayer
- Health and Safety Sindelfingen, Daimler AG, Bela-Barenyi-Straße, 71059 Sindelfingen, Germany
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute for Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Clinic Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzer
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
- Sonnenbergklinik, ZfP Südwürttemberg, Christian-Belser-Straße 79, 70597 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Elisabeth M. Balint
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), Ulm University, Kornhausgasse 9, 89073 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Mörtl
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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Karnaukhov VE, Narodova EA, Demko IV, Shnayder NA, Narodova VV, Dmitrenko DV, Nasyrova RF. Prevalence Of Sleep Disorders Among Physicians And Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2022.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our review was to analyze studies of prevalence sleep disorders among medical workers during COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods — Overall, during the analyzed period, studying domestic and foreign databases, we identified 94 publications on the development of sleep disorders among medical personnel working during COVID–19 pandemic in 2000-2021. However, only 88 of these publications complied with the objective of the review. We included 75 full-text publications in this review. Results — Physicians and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic do not have the opportunity to take therapy aimed at combating the symptoms of sleep disorders, due to the need to maintain sufficient attention and the risk of developing excessive drowsiness while on duty in a COVID -19 hospital. The latter can have a negative impact on their professional activities. Thus, this problem certainly requires professional psychotherapeutic correction. Unfortunately, not all medical institutions have such specialists. Conclusion — Based on the literature review, we found out that health care workers have a high risk of developing sleep disorders. This can include violations of the circadian rhythm, a decrease in the quality and duration of night sleep, daytime hypersomnia caused by shift work in a hospital. An additional factor affecting the frequency and severity of sleep disorders in healthcare workers (physicians and nurses) is chronic stress, the importance of which has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, the above problem has not been completely solved and requires research in this area and the development of new programs to help medical personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irina V. Demko
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia A. Shnayder
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Diana V. Dmitrenko
- V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Regina F. Nasyrova
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Korkut S. Research of the Coronavirus Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Quality of Life, and Stress Coping Styles in COVID-19 Survivors. Psychol Rep 2022; 125:3069-3083. [PMID: 36134735 PMCID: PMC9500426 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221129131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 survivors suffer from severe psychosocial challenges related to the
current pandemic. In this context, it was aimed to evaluate the coronavirus
anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and post-traumatic stress symptoms
(PTSS) and also determine the quality of life (QOL), and coping styles with
stress in survivors by comparing them with non-COVID controls (NCs). This study
was conducted from April 15 to October 15, 2021, as a cross-sectional study
design. The study included 339 survivors who were confirmed with COVID-19
through clinical tests in the last 3 months and 321 NCs who had not been
infected with COVID-19. Besides sociodemographic and clinical data, a set of
valid and reliable assessment tools were used to measure outcomes of coronavirus
anxiety, coping styles, post-traumatic stress, generalized anxiety, and quality
of life. The total scores of IES-R, GAD-7, and CAS were significantly higher in
survivors than in the NCs. These results revealed that survivors manifested
higher levels of coronavirus anxiety, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic
stress symptoms (p < 0.05). In survivors, the rates of GAD and coronavirus
anxiety were found to be 59.3% and 25.7%, respectively. Additionally, the
majority of survivors (89.4%) reported the severity of anxiety as moderate to
severe, and also almost two-thirds of them reported the psychological impact of
the pandemic as moderate to severe. Furthermore, survivors were found to have a
lower quality of life. The findings of this study indicate that survivors
experienced higher levels of coronavirus anxiety, generalized anxiety, and
post-traumatic stress, and had lower QOL. In addition, it was determined that
survivors haven't been using active styles adequately in coping with stress.
Thus, psychological intervention studies should be conducted and public mental
health strategies should be developed. Providing psychosocial support and
psychological guidance will contribute to mental health well-being, and improve
the QOL and coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Korkut
- Department of Psychiatry, 218503Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Karanikola M, Mpouzika M, Papathanassoglou E, Kaikoushi K, Hatzioannou A, Leontiou I, Livadiotis C, Christophorou N, Chatzittofis A. Work-Related Traumatic Stress Response in Nurses Employed in COVID-19 Settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711049. [PMID: 36078761 PMCID: PMC9518142 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nurses may be at a higher risk of experiencing work-related traumatic stress response during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to other clinicians. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between work-related trauma symptoms and demographic factors, psychosocial hazards and stress response in a census sample of nurses working in COVID-19 settings in Cyprus. In this nationwide descriptive and cross-sectional study, data were collected between April and May 2020 using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic, educational and employment and work-related variables, as well as a modified version of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS) for the assessment of work-related trauma symptoms during the pandemic. Overall, 233 nurses participated (with a response rate of 61.3%) and 25.7% of them reported clinical work-related trauma symptoms (STSS-M > 55; actual scale range: 17-85). The mean value for emotional exhaustion was 7.3 (SD: 2.29; visual scale range: 1-10), while the value for distress that was caused by being avoided due to work in COVID-19 units was 6.98 (SD: 2.69; visual scale range: 1-10). Positive associations were noted between trauma symptoms and both emotional exhaustion and distress from being avoided by others due to work in a COVID-19 setting and a negative association was also found between trauma symptoms and satisfaction from organizational support variables (all p < 0.002). Working in COVID-19 settings during the pandemic is a stressful experience that has been linked to psychologically traumatic symptoms Thus, supportive measures are proposed for healthcare personnel, even in countries with low COVID-19 burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karanikola
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3041, Cyprus
| | - Meropi Mpouzika
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3041, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Anna Hatzioannou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3041, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Leontiou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3041, Cyprus
| | - Chris Livadiotis
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3041, Cyprus
| | | | - Andreas Chatzittofis
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1065, Cyprus
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Psychiatry, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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9
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Fiorini J, Zaghini F, Mannocci A, Sili A. Nursing leadership in clinical practice, its efficacy and repercussion on Nursing‐Sensitive Outcomes: A cross‐sectional multicentre protocol study. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:3178-3188. [DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Fiorini
- Nursing Department Tor Vergata University Hospital Rome Italy
| | | | - Alice Mannocci
- Universitas Mercatorum University of Italian Chambers of Commerce Rome Italy
| | - Alessandro Sili
- Nursing Department Tor Vergata University Hospital Rome Italy
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10
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Xue J, Wang H, Chen M, Ding X, Zhu M. Signifying the Relationship Between Psychological Factors and Turnover Intension: The Mediating Role of Work-Related Stress and Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction. Front Psychol 2022; 13:847948. [PMID: 35592162 PMCID: PMC9110882 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human capital plays a significant role in an organization's advancement. In recent years, emerging work-related psychological issues have become a critical factor, demanding considerable attention from management. As such, this study measures the role of job satisfaction in work-related stress and employees' turnover intentions. There is a mediating relationship between work-related stress-such as emotional exhaustion, work engagement, role conflict, and psychosocial risks-and turnover intentions. The study used primary data collection techniques to gather data and purposive sampling to analyze the data. The study's sample size consisted of 270 employees working in Chinese organizations. SmartPLS software was used to test the research hypothesis. The study results show the mediating role of work-related stress and moderating role of employees' job satisfaction. Accordingly, the study provides implications for managers, encouraging them to take the necessary steps in controlling the turnover rate by enhancing employees' morale (i.e., job satisfaction) and work engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Xue
- Research Center for Energy Economics, School of Business Administration, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Research Center for Energy Economics, School of Business Administration, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Shandong Land and Space Ecological Restoration Center, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujuan Ding
- Natural Resources Bureau of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengting Zhu
- School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Effect of soft skills and emotional intelligence of health-care professionals on burnout: a Lebanese cross-sectional study / Effekte von Soft Skills und emotionaler Intelligenz auf Burnout von Fachkräften im Gesundheitswesen: eine Querschnittsstudie aus dem Libanon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ijhp-2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The main objective of this study is to assess the effect of soft skills and emotional intelligence on burnout among health-care professionals in Lebanon.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among health-care professionals working all over Lebanon for a period of 3 months starting from March till June 2021. In total, 324 out of 345 contacted health-care professionals responded. The survey was anonymous and administered via social networks as a link to an electronic form. The study included general sociodemographic questions and validated scales to measure emotional intelligence (Trait Meta-Mood Scale [TMMS-24]), burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory for Health Services Survey [MBI-HSS]), and soft skills.
Results
Higher burnout was associated with lower soft skills (β = −0.137). Job satisfaction was negatively associated with burnout (β = −8.064). Nurses had higher burnout levels than dentists, radiologists, midwives, nutritionists, psychotherapists, and speech therapists (β = −4.595). Also, people working in Baalbek, Akkar, Beqaa, North and South had lower burnout levels compared to those working in Beirut (β = −9.015). As for emotional intelligence, no statistically significant association was found with burnout (P = 0.116).
Conclusion
This study showed that soft skills and emotional intelligence can affect job burnout. Additional research should be conducted in order to support our findings.
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Tsarouha E, Stuber F, Seifried-Dübon T, Radionova N, Schnalzer S, Nikendei C, Genrich M, Worringer B, Stiawa M, Mulfinger N, Gündel H, Junne F, Rieger MA. Reflection on leadership behavior: potentials and limits in the implementation of stress-preventive leadership of middle management in hospitals - a qualitative evaluation of a participatory developed intervention. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:51. [PMID: 34844608 PMCID: PMC8628435 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health and stress prevention aspects related to workplace in hospitals are gaining increasingly more attention in research. The workplace hospital is characterized by high work intensity, high emotional demands, and high levels of stress. These conditions can be a risk for the development of mental disorders. Leadership styles can hinder or foster work-related stress and influence the well-being of employees. Through leadership interventions, leaders may be encouraged to develop a stress-preventive leadership style that addresses both, the well-being of the leaders and of the subordinates. A comprehensive qualitative description of leaders’ experiences with interventions on the topic of stress-preventive leadership is yet missing in the literature. Therefore, we address leaders of middle management regarding the development of stress-preventive leadership styles through supporting interventions. The research questions are: How do leaders of middle management perceive their leadership role in terms of effectiveness in stress prevention? Which potentials and limits in the implementation of stress-preventive leadership are experienced? Methods The study follows a qualitative research design and content analysis. We conducted individual interviews with leaders of middle management (n = 30) of a tertiary hospital in Germany for the participatory development of an intervention. This intervention, consisting of five consecutive modules, addressed leaders of middle management in all work areas within one hospital. After participation in the intervention, the leaders were asked to reflect on and evaluate the implementation of the contents learned within focus group discussions. Overall 10 focus group discussions with leaders (n = 60) were conducted. Results The results demonstrate that leaders of middle management perceived potentials for a stress-preventive leadership style (e.g., reflection on leadership role and leadership behavior, awareness/mindfulness, and conveying appreciation). However, limits were also mentioned. These can be differentiated into self-referential, subordinate-related, and above all organizational barriers for the implementation of stress-preventive leadership. Conclusions Some of the organizational barriers can be addressed by mid-level leadership interventions (e.g., lack of peer-exchange) or possibly by adapted leadership interventions for top management (e.g., lack of stress-preventive leadership styles in top level management). Other organizational limits are working conditions (e.g., staff shortage) that can only be influenced by health policy decisions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12995-021-00339-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tsarouha
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Felicitas Stuber
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Tanja Seifried-Dübon
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Natalia Radionova
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Nikendei
- Department for General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Genrich
- Institute of Psychology, Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Britta Worringer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maja Stiawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, Guenzburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Mulfinger
- Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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13
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Ferreira PDC, Barros A, Pereira N, Marques Pinto A, Veiga Simão AM. How Presenteeism Shaped Teacher Burnout in Cyberbullying Among Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:745252. [PMID: 34744919 PMCID: PMC8567169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.745252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 has had an impact on the education sector, and its stakeholders, such as teachers who had to do remote work from their home, despite many constraints. These professionals tried to perform their teaching functions, despite having to deal with adverse situations, such as cyberbullying among their students, as well as their difficulties related to presenteeism and burnout. In this context, this study aimed to understand whether observing cyberbullying among students can be associated with teachers’ productivity loss due to presenteeism and burnout. This study also proposed to examine the role of productivity loss due to presenteeism in the relationship between observing cyberbullying situations among students and teacher burnout. A random sample of 1,044 (Mage=51.05, SD=7.35; 76.6% female) middle school and high school teachers answered an inventory about their experience working at home during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically with regards to cyberbullying incidents they observed among their students, their productivity loss due to presenteeism, and their burnout levels. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that observing students engaging in cyberbullying situations was positively associated with productivity loss due to presenteeism and teacher burnout. Also, teacher’s productivity loss due to presenteeism mediated the relationship between observing cyberbullying incidents among their students and their burnout levels. Specifically, the effect of productivity loss due to presenteeism explained the effect of observing cyberbullying incidents on teachers’ burnout levels. These results are innovative and shed light on the importance of teacher wellbeing at their job in the midst of a pandemic, namely, when they observe their students engaging in hostile situations, which may lead them to greater levels of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula da Costa Ferreira
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Barros
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nádia Pereira
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Marques Pinto
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Veiga Simão
- Research Center for Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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14
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Siegel A, Hoge AC, Ehmann AT, Martus P, Rieger MA. Attitudes of Company Executives toward a Comprehensive Workplace Health Management-Results of an Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111475. [PMID: 34769990 PMCID: PMC8583484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Workplace health management (WHM) in Germany aims at maintaining and increasing the health and well-being of employees. Little is known about company executives’ attitudes toward WHM. To gain more insight, we conducted a large-scale survey in companies in the German county of Reutlingen in 2017. We sent a standardized questionnaire to 906 companies, containing inter alia 26 self-constructed declarative statements depicting company executives’ opinions on various WHM aspects; 222 questionnaires could be evaluated. By exploratory factor analysis we assigned the 26 items to six factors reflecting different attitudes toward WHM. Factor values were standardized to a scale from 0 to 10. The attitude ‘positive view of general health services in the company’, for example, achieved by far the lowest mean agreement (3.3 points). For the attitude ‘general skepticism toward WHM’, agreement and disagreement were balanced (5.0 points). Using multiple regression analyses, we searched for variables that could partially explain respondents’ agreement with attitudes. In conclusion, a general WHM skepticism was widespread, but not dominant. The idea that general health services should be offered in companies was predominantly rejected. Older respondents and respondents from smaller companies and craft enterprises were more skeptical than average about WHM and its possible extensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-86812
| | - Aileen C. Hoge
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Anna T. Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital Tübingen, Silcherstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
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15
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Michaelis M, Burgess S, Junne F, Rothermund E, Gündel H, Zipfel S, Wolf M, Rieger MA. Mental Health Applications for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Common Mental Disorders: Attitudes of German Employees. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:508622. [PMID: 34017269 PMCID: PMC8130826 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.508622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Web-based and mobile mental health applications for the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders (CMDs) are on the rise. Under certain circumstances they have proved to be effective for a range of conditions (e.g., depression). Objective: There is not sufficient evidence regarding the benefits and barriers especially for mobile phone apps and for programs in the field of primary prevention. Studies on the acceptance of potential users of mental health apps yielded mixed outcomes. In a large survey we investigated the attitudes of employees toward mental health apps and various traditional mental health services. Our main research question in this contribution focuses on the acceptance of apps compared to other measures and the moderating influence of individual characteristics. Methods: The standardized survey was completed by members of an online access panel with different job types. A set of 33 self-developed items, including three questions on e-health, captured the perceived relevance of prevention at the (A) occupational, (B) individual, and (C) societal level. On the basis of an exploratory factor analysis, mean scores for mapping seven (sub-)dimensions were constructed and compared using the Wilcoxon test. The influence of potential predictors was analyzed in linear regression models. Results: The data of 610 respondents were analyzed (response rate 75%). Support from mental health applications was rated significantly less important compared to all other dimensions at the levels (A) to (C). Respondents were more likely to use mental health apps if they felt literate with electronic devices, perceived a high relevance of work-related demands as causal factors for CMDs, stated they would be ashamed of having a CMD, and would be willing to begin psychotherapy if recommended. Discussion and Conclusions: The results confirm the critical attitudes of potential mental health app users found in other studies. Since users with a negative attitude toward e-health might have a higher risk for dropout and non-adherence as well as lower intervention effects, well-designed educational strategies should be carried out beforehand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Michaelis
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Research Centre for Occupational and Social Medicine (FFAS), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Burgess
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eva Rothermund
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center/Leadership Personality Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center/Leadership Personality Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Wolf
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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16
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Ehmann AT, Martus P, Siegel A, Rieger MA. Addressing future work ability of employees in GP consultations: results of a cross-sectional study. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:10. [PMID: 33752718 PMCID: PMC7983286 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study we examined to what extent members of a best-practice integrated healthcare model in Germany discussed their subjective future work ability with their general practitioner (GP); furthermore, we examined independent variables which explain whether future work ability is discussed. Methods In a cross-sectional survey, 1168 (out of 3218 invited) integrated healthcare members responded to a standardized questionnaire. This study includes n = 475 employed respondents who were at most 65 years old. We determined the (relative) frequency of employed members up to 65 years who had already discussed their subjective future work ability with their GP. By means of logistic regression analysis, explanatory variables were identified which statistically explained the discussion of future work ability with their GP. Results N = 80 (16.8%) respondents stated they had discussed their future work ability with their GP. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed the following results: The odds ratio for discussing future work ability is increased the more satisfied respondents are with their general practitioner, the worse they assess their current work ability in relation to the physical demands of the job, and when respondents suffer from one or more chronic diseases (Nagelkerke’s pseudo-R2 = 0.13). Conclusions Even in this healthcare setting, employees up to the age of 65 rarely discussed their subjective future work ability with their GP. This suggests that the issue ‘future work ability’ is even less commonly discussed in other community-based care settings in Germany. It seems that health care providers involved in acute care only sporadically take this issue into consideration - despite the great importance of maintaining work ability. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12995-021-00299-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital Tübingen, Silcherstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Llorca-Pellicer M, Soto-Rubio A, Gil-Monte PR. Development of Burnout Syndrome in Non-university Teachers: Influence of Demand and Resource Variables. Front Psychol 2021; 12:644025. [PMID: 33767652 PMCID: PMC7985357 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial risks at work are an important occupational problem since they can have an impact on workers' health, productivity, absenteeism, and company profits. Among their consequences, burnout stands out for its prevalence and associated consequences. This problem is particularly noteworthy in the case of teachers. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of some psychosocial factors (demand and resource variables) and risks in burnout development, taking into consideration the levels of burnout according to the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). This paper contributes to advancing knowledge on this issue by analyzing the influence of work characteristics and personal characteristics on the progress of burnout. The sample consisted of 8,235 non-university teachers (2,268 men 27.5% and 5,967 women 72.5%), aged 22 to 70 (M = 45.16, SD = 9.18). For this purpose, statistical modeling by logistic regression was used. The results of this study showed that No burnout level was positively related with resources variables and negatively with demand variables. In the Medium-High levels and the higher levels of burnout (i.e., Profile 1 and Profile 2), there is a positive relation with demand variables and a negative one with resource variables. In conclusion, demand variables cause an increase in the burnout levels, influencing positively the movements between the levels of No burnout to Medium-High levels of burnout and Medium-High levels to Profile 1. At the same time, resource variables had a negative influence on burnout. However, the results in the movement between Profile 1 and Profile 2 were not expected. The variable Imbalance had a negative relationship with the movement between Profile 1 to Profile 2, and Social support and Autonomy at work had a positive relationship with this movement. Therefore, when professionals feel higher levels of burnout, lack of imbalance together with social support and autonomy could contribute to increased feelings of guilt and risk of higher burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llorca-Pellicer
- Department of Social Psychology, Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Soto-Rubio
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro R Gil-Monte
- Department of Social Psychology, Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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18
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Airagnes G, Lemogne C, Even-Baisse MA, Le Faou AL, Limosin F. Work Conditions are Associated with Alcohol Use after Taking into Account Life Conditions Outside of Work: Findings from a French Occupational Health Service. Subst Use Misuse 2021; 56:2259-2263. [PMID: 34657561 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.1990335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Our aim was to examine whether work conditions could be associated with alcohol use even after taking into account life conditions outside of work. Methods: In 2019, 591 consecutive French workers were screened for alcohol use with the Fast Alcohol Consumption Evaluation (FACE). Ten different work conditions and four life conditions outside of work were assessed with 5-item Likert scales. Sociodemographic factors, smoking status and the Copenhaguen Burn-out Inventory were also collected. The associations between each work condition and FACE total score were examined with generalized linear models. Results: After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, the following work conditions were associated with a decreased FACE total score: "positive and/or grateful feedback on your work" (B = -0.22 (95%CI: -0.37; -0.07), p = 0.004), "time to do your job well" (B = -0.19 (95%CI: -0.35; -0.03), p = 0.019) and "freedom to organize your work" (B = -0.25(95%CI: -0.43; -0.08), p = 0.004). After further adjusting for life conditions outside of work, "positive and/or grateful feedback on your work" (B = -0.18 (95%CI: -0.33; -0.03), p = 0.021) and "freedom to organize your work" (B = -0.20(95%CI: -0.38; -0.02), p = 0.027) remained significantly associated with FACE total score. Additional adjustments for smoking status and burnout did not alter these results. Conclusions: Life conditions outside of work should not interfere with how improvements work conditions can help reduce alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Airagnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP Centre-University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, UMS 011, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP Centre-University of Paris, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, Paris, France
| | | | - Anne-Laurence Le Faou
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP Centre-University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP Centre-University of Paris, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, Paris, France
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19
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Deng G, Huang C, Cheung SP, Zhang C. Job Demands and Resources, Burnout, and Psychological Distress of Employees in the Chinese Non-profit Sector. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:790064. [PMID: 34975587 PMCID: PMC8714739 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.790064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-profit sector in China has expanded significantly in the past few decades. However, employees in non-profits experience high burnout rates, indicating a need to study non-profit work conditions and their effect on employees. This study applies the job demands and resources (JD-R) model and examines the effects of job demands (JD) and job resources (JR) on burnout and psychological distress experienced by non-profit employees, recruited via quota sampling, across China (n = 233). The findings from path analysis showed that JR had strong and negative effects on burnout and on psychological distress, while JD had strong and positive effects on burnout and on psychological distress. Burnout partially mediated the relations between JD-R and psychological distress. These results highlight the importance of JD-R in reducing burnout and psychological distress in non-profit employees in China. Research and practice implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Deng
- School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chienchung Huang
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Shannon P Cheung
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Department of Youth Work Research, China Youth University of Political Studies, Beijing, China
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20
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Giménez-Espert MDC, Prado-Gascó V, Soto-Rubio A. Psychosocial Risks, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction of Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2020; 8:566896. [PMID: 33330313 PMCID: PMC7716584 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.566896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: COVID-19 pandemic is a serious health emergency that has affected countries all over the world. Health emergencies are a critical psychosocial risk factor for nurses. In general, psychosocial risks constitute serious problems as they impact workers' health, productivity, and efficiency. Despite their importance, few studies analyze nurses' psychosocial risks during a health emergency caused by a pandemic or analyze their perception of the emergency and its relation to such risks. Objectives: To analyze the perception of COVID-19 by nurses, especially about measures, resources, and impact on their daily work. Also, to analyze these professionals' psychosocial risks and the relationship between perception of COVID-19 and these risks. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was performed in a convenience sample of 92 nurses from two public hospitals in the Valencian Community (Spain), (74 women, 79.1%), aged 24-63 (M = 43.37, SD = 11.58). Data were collected via an online self-completed questionnaire during the rise of the pandemic from March 29 to April 8, when the number of infections went from 78,797 to 146,690. Results: The measures and resources available about COVID-19 are relatively low, and the impact on their work is high. Similarly, the most prominent psychosocial risks appear to be emotional work and workload. In contrast, nurses' work engagement is medium, and their satisfaction is high. Finally, there seems to be a negative and significant relationship between the information available to nurses, the measures implemented, and resources with some of their psychosocial risks, and a positive one with job satisfaction and work engagement. There is also a positive and significant relationship only between the impact of COVID-19 and their work inequality, but not for other risks. Conclusions: The resources, measures, and information can be a protective factor facing nurses' psychosocial risks, especially during a pandemic. Studying the relationships between psychosocial risk and perception of a health emergency would be relevant and fundamental to protecting and caring for nurses, health professionals, and society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicente Prado-Gascó
- Social Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Soto-Rubio
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Psychosocial Risks on Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Nurses' Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217998. [PMID: 33143172 PMCID: PMC7663663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nurses are exposed to psychosocial risks that can affect both psychological and physical health through stress. Prolonged stress at work can lead to burnout syndrome. An essential protective factor against psychosocial risks is emotional intelligence, which has been related to physical and psychological health, job satisfaction, increased job commitment, and burnout reduction. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of psychosocial risks and emotional intelligence on nurses' health, well-being, burnout level, and job satisfaction during the rise and main peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. It is a cross-sectional study conducted on a convenience sample of 125 Spanish nurses. Multiple hierarchical linear regression models were calculated considering emotional intelligence levels, psychosocial demand factors (interpersonal conflict, lack of organizational justice, role conflict, and workload), social support and emotional work on burnout, job satisfaction, and nurses' health. Finally, the moderating effect of emotional intelligence levels, psychosocial factors, social support, and emotional work on burnout, job satisfaction, and nurses' health was calculated. Overall, this research data points to a protective effect of emotional intelligence against the adverse effects of psychosocial risks such as burnout, psychosomatic complaints, and a favorable effect on job satisfaction.
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Prado-Gascó V, Gómez-Domínguez MT, Soto-Rubio A, Díaz-Rodríguez L, Navarro-Mateu D. Stay at Home and Teach: A Comparative Study of Psychosocial Risks Between Spain and Mexico During the Pandemic. Front Psychol 2020; 11:566900. [PMID: 33101136 PMCID: PMC7554607 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: The emergency situation caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected different facets of society. Although much of the attention is focused on the health sector, other sectors such as education have also experienced profound transformations and impacts. This sector is usually highly affected by psychosocial risks, and this could be aggravated during the current health emergency. Psychosocial risks may cause health problems, lack of motivation, and a decrease of effectiveness at work, which in turn affect the quality of teaching. Despite their importance, there are hardly any studies that analyze psychosocial risks of non-university teachers during a health emergency such as that caused by COVID-19. Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the perception of COVID-19 and the psychosocial risks of non-university teachers comparing Spain and Mexico during the state of alarm caused by COVID-19. Methods Data were collected from 421 non-university teachers (80.2% women; 56.3% from Mexico, 43.7% from Spain) aged 24–60 (M = 39.32, SD = 10.21) via a self-completed questionnaire during the pandemic from March to April 2020. Results Data analysis suggests that inequity is the most important risk, followed by work overload. Teachers appear to be moderately satisfied with the information on COVID-19 and the measures taken, while their satisfaction with the available resources is lower. When comparing the two countries, significant differences can be observed in every risk considered except for social support, with lower levels in Mexican teachers compared to Spanish ones. In the case of the perception of COVID-19 and its impact, the perception in general of levels of information, measures, and resources is better among Mexican teachers than among Spanish ones, who present higher scores of the impact of the health emergency. Conclusion The results underline the importance of the professional’s perception of resources during a health emergency, which could prevent to some extent burnout and possible alterations associated with it. The measures taken by the responsible entities and the provision of information do affect teachers not only directly but also indirectly by making them more vulnerable to psychosocial risks that could affect their health and professional performance, thus affecting students as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Prado-Gascó
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María T Gómez-Domínguez
- Department of Inclusive Education, Socio-Community Development and Occupation Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Soto-Rubio
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Díaz-Rodríguez
- Department of Postgrad of Unity of Culiacán, Pedagogical University of the State of Sinaloa, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Diego Navarro-Mateu
- Department of Inclusive Education, Socio-Community Development and Occupation Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Zaghini F, Vellone E, Maurici M, Sestili C, Mannocci A, Ercoli E, Magnavita N, La Torre G, Alvaro R, Sili A. The influence of work context and organizational well-being on psychophysical health of healthcare providers. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2020; 111:306-320. [PMID: 32869767 PMCID: PMC7809958 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v111i4.9075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: A high level of organizational well-being improves employee performance and influences the physical and mental health of healthcare providers and students. Objective: This study investigates the relationship between the work context, organizational well-being, and the psychophysical health of healthcare providers. Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of healthcare providers (physicians and nurses) and healthcare students (medical students and nursing students). A self-report questionnaire was administered between September and November 2016. Results: Of the 300 questionnaires administered, 201 (67%) were correctly completed. Overall, both the physical and mental health of the healthcare providers and students are explained by the variables of the organizational context: organizational well-being and socio-demographic/work characteristics. In particular, the results show a dependence on gender and age. Furthermore, decision latitude had a positive effect on physical health (b=.134) while job demands had a negative effect (b=-.160) explaining 21% of the PCS of the healthcare providers and students (R2=.209). Mental health improved via the satisfaction (b=.345), and positivity (b=.222) of healthcare professionals and students of these disciplines. Discussion: The results are significant because they directly impact the quality of care provided as well as patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Zaghini
- Department of Nursing Professions, Tor Vergata General Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimo Maurici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cristina Sestili
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alice Mannocci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisa Ercoli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Woman/Child and Public Health, A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Alvaro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Sili
- Department of Nursing Professions, Tor Vergata General Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Hoge A, Ehmann AT, Rieger MA, Siegel A. Caring for Workers' Health: Do German Employers Follow a Comprehensive Approach Similar to the Total Worker Health Concept? Results of a Survey in an Economically Powerful Region in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050726. [PMID: 30823428 PMCID: PMC6427417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar to ‘Total Worker Health’ in the United States (USA), ‘Workplace Health Management’ in Germany is a holistic strategy to protect, promote, and manage employees’ health at the workplace. It consists of four subcategories. While the subcategories ‘occupational health and safety’ and ‘reintegration management’ contain measures prescribed by law, ‘workplace health promotion’ and ‘personnel development’ can be designed more individually by the companies. The present study focused on the current implementation of voluntary and legally required measures of the four subcategories, as well as companies’ satisfaction with the implementation. A total of N = 222/906 companies (small, medium, and big enterprises of one German county) answered a standardized questionnaire addressing the implementation of health-related measures, satisfaction with the implementation, and several company characteristics. In the subcategory ‘occupational health and safety’, 23.9% of the companies fulfilled all of the legally required measures, whereas in the category ‘reintegration management’, that rate amounted to 50.9%. There was a positive correlation between company size and the implementation grade, and as well between company size and the fulfilling of measures required by law. Companies tended to be more satisfied with higher implementation grades. Nevertheless, a surprisingly high proportion of the companies with poor implementation indicated satisfaction with the measures’ implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Hoge
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Anna T Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
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Common mental disorders through the eyes of German employees: attributed relevance of work-related causes and prevention measures assessed by a standardised survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019; 92:795-811. [PMID: 30729316 PMCID: PMC6609828 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-019-01414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Common mental disorders (CMDs) are becoming increasingly relevant in the working world. Numbers of risk factors have been confirmed by mostly correlative cross-sectional studies. Comprehensive and effective prevention is urgently needed. There is little knowledge about employees' own perceptions on causes of CMDs and prevention measures. Therefore, a survey was conducted in 2016. METHODS A standardised instrument was developed for an online survey in a commercial access panel, targeted employees in different job types. We assessed two outcomes: perceived relevance of (1) work-related demands to the development of CMDs, and (2) prevention approaches in the workplace and on individual and societal levels. Possible predictive aspects were analysed exploratively by multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS The response rate was 75% (n = 610). Job types were categorised as "blue", "grey" and "white-collar" workers (n = 193, 169, 248). The majority of respondents rated both outcomes consistently as "quite" or "very relevant"; societal prevention strategies were more relevant for non-white-collar workers. Perceived relevance of individual predisposition to develop a CMD was the strongest predictor for both outcomes, indicating the perception that people with higher personal vulnerability might suffer a higher strain from work-related risk factors than others. CONCLUSION We assume that participants in our survey judged the relevance of work-related causes of CMDs independently of their own workload. The perceived relevance of prevention measures in different areas is consistent with official guidelines. A possible selection bias due to characteristics of access panel collectives and own direct or indirect experiences with CMD should be critically questioned.
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Stuber F, Seifried-Dübon T, Rieger MA, Zipfel S, Gündel H, Junne F. Investigating the Role of Stress-Preventive Leadership in the Workplace Hospital: The Cross-Sectional Determination of Relational Quality by Transformational Leadership. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:622. [PMID: 31551829 PMCID: PMC6735266 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A good relationship quality between leaders and staff members promotes mental health and prevents stress. To improve the relationship quality, it is important to identify variables which determine relationship quality at the workplace. Therefore, this study aims to identify specific leadership characteristics which support the development of a positive relationship between hospital leaders and staff members. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was applied. A total number of 1,137 leaders (n = 315) and staff members (n = 822) of different professions (physicians, nursing staff, therapeutic professionals, administration staff, IT staff, clinical services, office assistants, scientists, others) working at a tertiary hospital in Germany assessed transformational leadership style as a staff-oriented leadership style and leader-member relationship quality by self-report questionnaires [integrative leadership questionnaire (FIF), leader-member exchange (LMX-7) questionnaire]. The data were statistically analyzed by mean comparisons and a multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Leaders rated their own transformational leadership style (M = 3.98, SD = 0.43) systematically higher than staff members assessed their leader (M = 2.86, SD = 1.04). Evaluation of relationship quality showed similar results: leaders evaluated their relationship quality to one exemplary staff member higher (M = 4.06, SD = 0.41) than staff members rated their relationship quality to their direct leader (M = 3.15, SD = 0.97). From the staff members' perspective, four sub-dimensions of transformational leadership, that is, "individuality focus," "being a role model," "fostering innovations," and "providing a vision" showed large effect sizes in the regression analysis of relationship quality (R 2 = 0.79, F (14,690) = 189.26, p < 0.001, f = 1.94). Discussion: The results of our study are in line with previous investigations in other working contexts and point to a profession-independent association as the professional group of participants did not contribute to the variance explanation of the regression analysis. The exploration of potential determinants of relationship quality at work can, for example, support the development of leadership training programs with a focus on transformational leadership style. This might be an opportunity to foster high relationship quality between leaders and staff members and consequently might represent one strategy to prevent stress in the health care sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Stuber
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Seifried-Dübon
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Emerging Issues in Occupational Safety and Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122897. [PMID: 30567312 PMCID: PMC6313471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Working environments have various risks, which result in accidents and casualties. [...].
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