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Ganbold D, Uudus B, Nyamdavaa N, Chultemsuren Y, Zagd A, Tangad M, Bayarmaa A, Lkunrev R, Baasandagva U, Nyamdorj T, Narankhajid M. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Rickettsia species infection in humans in Mongolia, 2016-2020. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289274. [PMID: 37552652 PMCID: PMC10409273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Rickettsia spp. are worldwide causes of tick-borne infections. We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against different tick-borne diseases (TBDs) and determine risk factors among Mongolians from 2016 to 2020. Blood samples were obtained from voluntary participants with a history of suspected tick bite who visited our hospital, and IgG antibodies against Rickettsia and Borrelia were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IgG antibody seropositivity rate against Rickettsia was 21.8% (1032/4724), while 3.4% (162/4724) of participants tested positive for serum IgG antibodies against Borrelia by ELISA.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for tick-borne rickettsiosis (TBR) and tick-borne borreliosis (TBB) using IgG serum sample. Age, occupation, and residence were significantly associated with these diseases; however, sex did not show any significant association. Seroprevalence was significantly higher among herders (40.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.5-45.8; odds ratio [OR] 0.61; P < 0.001) and students (32.8%, 95% CI: 30.2-35.4; OR 0.75; P < 0.001) than among individuals with other occupations. The 25-29 age group had a slightly higher seroprevalence (35.1%, 95% CI: 28.1-42.6; OR 0.61; P < 0.006) than those in other age groups. Province was a stronger predictor of TBR than occupation and age group. In univariate subgroup analysis by age group, occupation, and residence were significantly associated with TBR seroprevalence, whereas age and province were associated with TBB seroprevalence. Thus, risk factors for TBD include residence, occupation, and age group. This study was conducted using samples from all Mongolian provinces and the capital city, and the risk factors and prevalence of Rickettsia and Borreliaare highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashdavaa Ganbold
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bayarsaikhan Uudus
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Art Science, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Yeruult Chultemsuren
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Amarbayasgalan Zagd
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Mungunzaya Tangad
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Agarzandan Bayarmaa
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | | | - Myadagsuren Narankhajid
- Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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Chang Q, Cheng M, Xu M, Du S, Wang X, Feng X, Tai B, Hu D, Lin H, Wang B, Wang C, Zheng S, Liu X, Rong W, Wang W, Dong Y, Si Y. Decomposing socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries among Chinese adults: findings from the 4th national oral health survey. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:372. [PMID: 37291567 PMCID: PMC10251606 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries among adults (35 years and older) in China and explore the contributions of various factors to these inequalities. METHODS This study included 10,983 adults (3,674 aged 35-44 years, 3,769 aged 55-64 years and 3,540 aged 65-74 years) who participated in the 4th National Oral Health Survey (2015-2016) in China. Dental caries status was evaluated by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Concentration indices (CIs) were applied to quantify the different degrees of socioeconomic-related inequality in DMFT, decayed teeth with crown or root caries (DT), missing teeth due to caries or other reasons (MT), and filled teeth without any primary or secondary caries (FT) among adults of different age groups. Decomposition analyses were conducted to identify the determinants and their associations with inequalities in DMFT. RESULTS The significant negative CI indicated that DMFT for the total sample were concentrated among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults (CI = - 0.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], - 0.073 to - 0.047). The CIs for DMFT for adults aged 55-64 and 65-74 years were - 0.038 (95% CI, - 0.057 to - 0.018) and - 0.039 (95% CI, - 0.056 to - 0.023), respectively, while the CI for DMFT for adults aged 35-44 years was not statistically significant (CI = - 0.002; 95% CI, - 0.022 to 0.018). The concentration indices of DT were negative and concentrated in disadvantaged populations, while FT showed pro-rich inequalities in all age groups. Decomposition analyses showed that age, education level, toothbrushing frequency, income and type of insurance contributed substantially to socioeconomic inequalities, accounting for 47.9%, 29.9%, 24.5%,19.1%, and 15.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Dental caries was disproportionately concentrated among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults in China. The results of these decomposition analyses are informative for policy-makers attempting to develop targeted health policy recommendations to reduce dental caries inequalities in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- The Second Dental Center, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Menglin Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengru Xu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Shuo Du
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. of China
| | - Baojun Tai
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. of China
| | - Deyu Hu
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. of China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yetsen University, Guangzhou, P.R. of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Wensheng Rong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Yanmei Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Yan Si
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. of China.
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Liu M, Song Q, Xu X, Lai G. Early childhood caries prevalence and associated factors among preschoolers aged 3-5 years in Xiangyun, China: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:959125. [PMID: 36052000 PMCID: PMC9424677 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.959125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the early childhood caries (ECC) prevalence among preschoolers aged 3-5 years in Xiangyun of Yunnan, China and explore the factors associated with the prevalence. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey including 3-5-year-old children was conducted in Xiangyun County, China, between September and November 2020. According to the dental examination standard of the WHO 2013 criteria, the presence of ECC was recorded. Besides the dental examination for children, their parents completed questionnaires about caries-related factors, including demographic variables, family socioeconomic status, feeding, and oral health-related habits, parental dental knowledge, and the condition of dental service utilization. SPSS Statistics 25.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results The ECC prevalence among a sample of 1,280 children aged 3-5 years consisting of 665 boys and 615 girls in this study, was 74.3%, and the mean decayed-missing-filled teeth (dmft) was 4.9 ± 5.0. There were no statistically significant differences in the ECC prevalence between the sexes and among different ethnic groups. Children with different dietary and oral hygiene habits showed no significantly different prevalence of ECC. Logistic regression analysis showed that the most significantly associated factors were older age, lower family income, and worse parental perception of children's oral health status. Conclusion The ECC prevalence among 3-5-year-old preschool children in Xiangyun was higher than the average national ECC prevalence in China. This study implies that more attention should be given to children's caries prevention from early childhood; oral health education and promotion should be intensified to reduce the ECC prevalence and improve the oral health status of children in Xiangyun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Xiangyun Affiliated to Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Xiangyun Affiliated to Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xiaoqin Xu
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Xiangyun Affiliated to Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Guangyun Lai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Guangyun Lai
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Greater inequalities in dental caries treatment than in caries experience: a concentration index decomposition approach. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:564. [PMID: 34749711 PMCID: PMC8573976 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to (a) measure the socioeconomic inequalities in oral health and examine whether the inequalities are greater in disease experience or in its treatment and to (b) decompose the factors that influence oral health inequalities among the adults of Guangdong Province. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 35- to 44-year-old and 65- to 74-year-old adults in Guangdong Province. All participants underwent oral health examinations and answered questionnaires about their oral health. We measured the concentration indices of the DMFT and its separate components, namely, decayed teeth (DT), missing teeth (MT), and filled teeth (FT), to explore the inequalities in oral health status; then, we analysed its decomposition to interpret the factors that influence the inequalities. Results The results showed that significant inequality was concentrated on FT (CI = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.14/0.33, SE = 0.05). The concentration indices for the DMFT (CI = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.02/0.06, SE = 0.02) and MT (CI = 0.02, 95% CI 0.03/0.08, SE = 0.03) were small and close to zero, while the concentration for DT (CI = − 0.04, 95% CI = − 0.01/0.02, SE = 0.03) was not statistically significant. The results from the decomposition analysis suggested that a substantial proportion of the inequality was explained by household income, high education level, regular oral examination and type of insurance (5.1%, 12.4%, 43.2%, − 39.6% (Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance System) and 34.5% (New-Type Rural Medical Collaboration System), respectively). Conclusions The results indicated greater inequalities in dental caries than in caries experience. Among the included factors, household income, high education level, and regular oral health examinations had the greatest impact on the inequalities in the number of FT. In addition, the current medical insurance systems, including the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance System, Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance System, and the New-Type Rural Medical Collaboration System, have not been effectively used in oral treatment. Policy-making and the implementation of interventions for tackling socioeconomic oral health inequalities should focus on reducing the burden of treatment and providing greater access to dental care for low-income groups. Welfare policies are skewed towards rural areas and low-income people.
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Gao SS, Amarquaye G, Arrow P, Bansal K, Bedi R, Campus G, Chen KJ, Chibinski ACR, Chinzorig T, Crystal YO, Duangthip D, Ferri ML, Folayan MO, Garidkhuu A, Hamama HH, Jirarattanasopha V, Kemoli A, Leal SC, Leelataweewud P, Mathur VP, Mfolo T, Momoi Y, Potgieter N, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Global Oral Health Policies and Guidelines: Using Silver Diamine Fluoride for Caries Control. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:685557. [PMID: 35048029 PMCID: PMC8757897 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.685557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was developed in Japan in the 1960s. It is a clear solution containing silver and fluoride ions. Because of its anti-bacterial and remineralizing effect, silver diamine fluoride has been used in managing dental caries for decades worldwide. This paper aims to summarize and discuss the global policies, guidelines, and relevant information on utilizing SDF for caries management. SDF can be used for treating dental caries in most countries. However, it is not permitted to be used in mainland China. Several manufacturers, mainly in Australia, Brazil, India, Japan, and the United States, produce SDF at different concentrations that are commercially available around the world. The prices differ between contents and brands. Different government organizations and dental associations have developed guidelines for clinical use of SDF. Dental professionals can refer to the specific guidelines in their own countries or territories. Training for using SDF is part of undergraduate and/or postgraduate curriculums in almost all countries. However, real utilization of SDF of dentists, especially in the private sector, remains unclear in most places because little research has been conducted. There are at least two ongoing regional-wide large-scale oral health programs, using SDF as one of the components to manage dental caries in young children (one in Hong Kong and one in Mongolia). Because SDF treatment does not require caries removal, and it is simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive, SDF is a valuable strategy for caries management in young children, elderly people, and patients with special needs. In addition, to reduce the risk of bacteria or virus transmission in dental settings, using SDF as a non-aerosol producing procedure should be emphasized under the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gwendolyn Amarquaye
- Dental Unit, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Orthodontics and Pedodontics, University of Ghana Dental School, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Peter Arrow
- WA Dental Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia
- Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kalpana Bansal
- Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raman Bedi
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- C/o Global Child Dental Fund, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Kitty Jieyi Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Tselmuun Chinzorig
- Graduate School of Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasmi O. Crystal
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, New York University School of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - María Laura Ferri
- Pediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Department, School of Dentistry, Maimonides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of El Salvador, San Salvador, Argentina
| | | | - Ariuntuul Garidkhuu
- School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita Campus, Japan
| | - Hamdi H. Hamama
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Arthur Kemoli
- School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Soraya C. Leal
- Departamento of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yasuko Momoi
- School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nicoline Potgieter
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang T, Hong J, Yu X, Liu Q, Li A, Wu Z, Zeng X. Association between socioeconomic status and dental caries among Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional national study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042908. [PMID: 34020971 PMCID: PMC8144044 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Socioeconomic inequalities in oral health are often neglected in oral health promotion. This cross-sectional study assessed the association between dental caries and socioeconomic status (SES) among preschool children in China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Data from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015), comprising of 40 360 children aged 3-5 years was used. METHODS Dental caries indicators including prevalence of dental caries, dental pain experience and number of decayed, missing and filling teeth (dmft). SES indicators included parental education and household income. The associations between SES and dental caries were analysed by using negative binomial regression or Poisson regression models according to data distribution. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were quantified by using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and Slope Index of Inequality (SII), respectively. RESULTS There were significant associations between SES and prevalence of dental caries and dmft (p<0.001). Children from lower educated (RII 1.36, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.43; SII 0.97, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.13) and lower household income (RII 1.17, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.24; SII 0.55, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75) families had higher dmft than those from well-educated and most affluent families. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were larger in urban areas by household income, and in rural areas by parental education. CONCLUSIONS Association between dental caries and SES was demonstrated and socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries existed among Chinese preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jialan Hong
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Xueting Yu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Andi Li
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhijing Wu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zeng
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Badarch J, Batbaatar S, Paulik E. Prevalence and Correlates of Poor Oral Hygiene among School-Going Students in Mongolia. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9020012. [PMID: 33498221 PMCID: PMC7908969 DOI: 10.3390/dj9020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brushing at least twice a day is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of dental caries and oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of poor oral hygiene in Mongolian school-going students. A secondary analysis of nationally representative data from the 2013 Mongolian Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) was performed. In the survey, a questionnaire was completed by 5393 students aged 12–16 years old. The prevalence of poor oral hygiene and its association with some independent variables were analyzed by frequency distribution, chi-squared test, and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of poor oral hygiene was 33%. In the multivariate analysis, male students, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, parents’ smoking, being exposed to second-hand smoke, poor parental supervision and connectedness, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior were significantly associated with poor oral hygiene. Meanwhile, students who ate fast food and drank carbonated soft drink were found to be less likely to be poor tooth-brushers in 2013. Various determinants were identified in connection with poor oral hygiene. Based on these findings, it is recommended that an oral health promotion program should be combined with general health promotion and lifestyle intervention programs for this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javzan Badarch
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Correspondence:
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- Department of Environmental Health, National Center for Public Health, Ulaanbaatar 210349, Mongolia;
| | - Edit Paulik
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
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Dental Caries in Children Under Five Years of Age in Mongolia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134741. [PMID: 32630306 PMCID: PMC7370011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) partnership program in Mongolia, six times between October 2017 and October 2019, education for caries prevention, a questionnaire of daily oral health behavior, and an oral examination for parents and children aged 0–5 years old were done. The target parent population were middle socio-economic class families. In total, there were 2223 participants. The caries prevalence measured in October 2017, January, April, and October 2018, and April and October 2019, was 78.0% (95% CI: 74.2–81.4); 79.4% (73.7–84.4); 80.8% (76.2–84.9); 76.4% (70.1–82.0); 89.3% (85.3–92.6); and 82.6% (79.3–85.6), respectively. Compared to October 2017, in October 2019, the deft of three years old was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) and that of four years old was also decreased (p = 0.085). For the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC), daily oral health behaviors are important. In 2019, compared with the percentage of 0–5 years old in 2017, the frequency of tooth cleaning per day, parents cleaning after children, and parents watching during children’s tooth cleaning were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Unfortunately, the frequency of sugary—snack intake per day showed an increased tendency (p < 0.05). The baby teeth decayed, extracted and filled (deft) index at three and/or four years old in October 2019 was correlated with the childrens’ background characteristics, such as parent educational attainment, frequency of sweets intake, frequency of daily tooth cleaning, and parental cleaning of children’s teeth. The effects of the JICA program were recognized.
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Fiorillo L, Cervino G, De Stefano R, Iannello G, Cicciù M. Socioeconomic behaviors on dental professions: a Google Trends investigation in Italy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 69:317-323. [PMID: 32278342 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4970.20.04352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental profession has expanded, and the knowledge that oral health affects systemic health is of greater concern to patients. The purpose of this study is to understand the demand for dental treatments in Italy, knowing if there is any correlation between socioeconomic condition and oral rehabilitation typology. Moreover, focusing on the requested rehabilitations type and on finding alternatives, unconventional solutions. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The research was conducted using an important research database defined Google Trends, with search terms such as "dolore denti" (toothache). A statistical analysis has been conducted in this study evaluation Pearson Correlation Coefficient. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The results divided region by region provide data that reflect the socio-economic conditions of the population concerned. Other results have been obtained from government source, to learn about the economic situations of the individual regions, for this reason the GDP was examined. Furthermore, there are important results regarding the parasanitary professions to which patients, for economic reasons, tend to refer. CONCLUSIONS This study will surely be an excellent starting point to investigate professional abuse and above all to assess the needs of the different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, G. Martino Polyclinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, G. Martino Polyclinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosa De Stefano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, G. Martino Polyclinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Iannello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, G. Martino Polyclinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, School of Dentistry, G. Martino Polyclinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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