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Palomer T, Ramírez V, Ortuño D. Relationship between oral health and depression: data from the National Health Survey 2016-2017. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:188. [PMID: 38317129 PMCID: PMC10845575 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between oral health status, self-perception of oral health, and depression. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 2953 individuals that were ≥ 18 years of age and participated in the Chilean National Health Survey (NHS), 2016-2017. Information on oral, dental, and mental health, and the presence or absence of depressive symptoms was collected. Secondary data analysis was carried out using STATA and included logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, and educational level. The analyses factored in the expansion weights to estimate representative prevalences of the entire population. RESULTS Participants experiencing frequent dental or prosthesis-related discomfort while speaking (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.01-2.43) were related with exhibiting suspected depression. Removable upper denture users were at a higher risk of exhibiting suspected (OR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.11-3.74) than those not using them. Participants diagnosed with depression in the past 12 months had a similar number of teeth (median = 24) compared to those without depression (median = 25) (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.96-1.02). CONCLUSION Experiencing dental or prosthesis-related difficulties in speaking is related to suspected depression or a diagnosis of depression. These findings highlight the importance of developing comprehensive healthcare approaches that consider mental health in the context of oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Duniel Ortuño
- Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lee SY, Daher R, Jung JH, Kwon HB, Han JS, Lee JH. Prosthetic restorative modality in complete edentulism and its association with masticatory and speech discomforts: A nationwide cross-sectional study from Korea. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:524-530. [PMID: 36450592 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Completely edentulous arches can be restored using various prosthetic modalities, and the treatment outcome may include masticatory and speech discomforts. This study aimed to investigate the current status of prosthetic restoration modalities used for completely edentulous patients and investigate the association between prosthetic restoration modalities and subjective discomfort in mastication and speech by analyzing nationwide big data.Methods Of 97,622 individuals, data from 1,576 adults aged ≥40 years with no natural teeth and no requirement for
additional prosthetic treatments were included. Oral examination data were analyzed, and the prostheses of the edentulous arches were categorized as follows: CD, removable complete denture; OD, implant-retained overdenture; and IF, implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis. Discomforts in mastication and speech according to the prosthetic restorative modality groups was statistically analyzed using analysis of covariance (α = 0.05).Results The maxillary/mandibular prosthetic restorative modality most commonly used was CD/CD, followed by CD/OD, IF/IF, OD/OD, and CD/IF, with weighted percentages of 93.23%, 2.48%, 1.83%, 1.46%, and 0.84%, respectively. Even after adjusting for various covariates, masticatory discomfort in the CD/CD group was significantly greater than that in the OD/OD (P = 0.0004) and IF/IF (P = 0.0002). The CD/CD group also had significantly greater discomfort in speech than did the IF/IF group (P = 0.0119).Conclusions Most completely edentulous patients were rehabilitated with bimaxillary removable complete dentures; however, the discomforts in mastication and speech were the lowest when both arches were restored with implant-supported fixed restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Young Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - René Daher
- Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Beom Kwon
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Han
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- MAS Program of Digital Dental Technologies, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lee JH, Han K, Lee SY. Associations between obstructive sleep apnea and dental pain and chewing discomfort in Korean adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12768. [PMID: 37550461 PMCID: PMC10406809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be linked with oral health issues. This study evaluated the associations between OSA, dental pain, and chewing discomfort. Big data from a nationwide survey involving 6984 participants aged ≥ 40 years were analyzed. The STOP-Bang questionnaire was used to assess the OSA risk, categorizing the participants into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. The associations of OSA risk with dental pain and chewing discomfort were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses (α = 0.05). Results revealed that 50.33%, 37.50%, and 12.17% of the population belonged to the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, a significant association emerged between OSA risk and dental pain, with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1 (reference), 1.208 (1.003-1.455), and 1.472 (1.131-1.916) for the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively (p = 0.0156). The adjusted odds ratio for chewing discomfort in the high-risk OSA group was 1.307 (0.977-1.748), although not significantly different from that of the low-risk group (p > 0.05). A high risk of OSA was associated with 1.472-fold increased risk of dental pain compared to those at low risk, implicating OSA as a potential risk indicator of poor oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Young Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Kaewkamnerdpong I, Harirugsakul P, Prasertsom P, Vejvithee W, Niyomsilp K, Gururatana O. Oral status is associated with chewing difficulty in Thai older adults: data from a National Oral Health Survey. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:35. [PMID: 36683036 PMCID: PMC9867856 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of older adults in Thailand is increasing. Better chewing ability is associated with healthy aging. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the relationship between social backgrounds, dental service utilization, oral status and chewing difficulty, there is no study in Thailand using national oral health data to identify the variables involved with chewing difficulty among Thai older adults. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between oral status, and chewing difficulty, adjusting for social backgrounds, and dental service utilization among Thai older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the eighth Thai National Oral Health Survey (TNOHS). A stratified multi-stage method was used for sample selection. The eighth TNOHS was conducted from June-August 2017. Data were collected using interviews and clinical oral examinations by trained interviewers and trained dentists, respectively. The bivariate analysis, chi-square test was used to explore the associations between social backgrounds, dental service utilization, oral status, and chewing difficulty. Dependent variables with p-values of < 0.2 for their association with independent variables in the bivariate analysis were entered into the multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS This study found that older adults with at least 27 teeth (p < 0.05), or at least eight occlusal pairs (p < 0.05) or income exceeding 15,000 baht per month (p < 0.05) were more likely to have less chewing difficulty (p < 0.001), while the elderly who utilized dental services in the past 12 months were associated with more chewing difficulty than those who did not utilize dental services in the past 12 months (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that policymakers increase the number of preventive plans and set a goal for more than 20 remaining natural teeth and four posterior occlusal pairs in young and working aged people, especially in the low income group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Punkanit Harirugsakul
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Western University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Piyada Prasertsom
- Department of Health, Bureau of Dental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Vejvithee
- Department of Health, Bureau of Dental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Kornkamol Niyomsilp
- Department of Health, Bureau of Dental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Orachad Gururatana
- Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, 29 Wachiraprakarn Road, Chonburi Province, Postcode, 20000, Thailand.
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Aydin F, Yildirim ÖT, Aydin AH, Murat B, Basaran CH. Comparison of artificial intelligence-assisted informed consent obtained before coronary angiography with the conventional method: Medical competence and ethical assessment. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231218141. [PMID: 38047164 PMCID: PMC10693205 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231218141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective At the time of informed consent (IC) for coronary angiography (CAG), patients' knowledge of the process is inadequate. Time constraints and a lack of personalization of consent are the primary causes of inadequate information. This procedure can be enhanced by obtaining IC using a chatbot powered by artificial intelligence (AI). Methods In the study, patients who will undergo CAG for the first time were randomly divided into two groups, and IC was given to one group using the conventional method and the other group using an AI-supported chatbot, chatGPT3. They were then evaluated with two distinct questionnaires measuring their satisfaction and capacity to understand CAG risks. Results While the satisfaction questionnaire was equal between the two groups (p = 0.581), the correct understanding of CAG risk questionnaire was found to be significantly higher in the AI group (<0.001). Conclusions AI can be trained to support clinicians in giving IC before CAG. In this way, the workload of healthcare professionals can be reduced while providing a better IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Aydin
- Eskisehir City Hospital, Cardiology Department, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Bektas Murat
- Eskisehir City Hospital, Cardiology Department, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cem Hakan Basaran
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Petersson L, Vincent K, Svedberg P, Nygren JM, Larsson I. Ethical considerations in implementing AI for mortality prediction in the emergency department: Linking theory and practice. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231206588. [PMID: 37829612 PMCID: PMC10566278 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231206588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is predicted to be a solution for improving healthcare, increasing efficiency, and saving time and recourses. A lack of ethical principles for the use of AI in practice has been highlighted by several stakeholders due to the recent attention given to it. Research has shown an urgent need for more knowledge regarding the ethical implications of AI applications in healthcare. However, fundamental ethical principles may not be sufficient to describe ethical concerns associated with implementing AI applications. Objective The aim of this study is twofold, (1) to use the implementation of AI applications to predict patient mortality in emergency departments as a setting to explore healthcare professionals' perspectives on ethical issues in relation to ethical principles and (2) to develop a model to guide ethical considerations in AI implementation in healthcare based on ethical theory. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 participants. The abductive approach used to analyze the empirical data consisted of four steps alternating between inductive and deductive analyses. Results Our findings provide an ethical model demonstrating the need to address six ethical principles (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, explicability, and professional governance) in relation to ethical theories defined as virtue, deontology, and consequentialism when AI applications are to be implemented in clinical practice. Conclusions Ethical aspects of AI applications are broader than the prima facie principles of medical ethics and the principle of explicability. Ethical aspects thus need to be viewed from a broader perspective to cover different situations that healthcare professionals, in general, and physicians, in particular, may face when using AI applications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Petersson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Kalista Vincent
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Petra Svedberg
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Jens M Nygren
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Larsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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In Vitro Evaluation of the Shading Effect of Various Zirconia Surface Stains on Porcelain Crowns. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Human teeth display various colors under natural light. Dental restorations, such as zirconia crowns, are generally used to rehabilitate the oral function of patients with tooth loss due to trauma or natural tooth falls. However, significant improvements in the color and translucency of zirconia are required to meet the clinical needs for dental restoration. In the past, a large amount of ceramic powder has been used to improve the appearance of zirconia. However, the interface between the ceramic powder and zirconia makes them prone to falling off. Therefore, the aesthetics of zirconia crowns remains a major challenge. Recently, substantial advances have been made in the field of dental materials, as special staining agents for zirconia have been introduced as alternatives to ceramic powders. Therefore, this study tested zirconia-specific staining agents that were used to produce zirconia samples with A1 and A3 colors. A dental colorimetric plate was used as the control group to assess the staining effects of the different brands of staining agents. Meanwhile, two hypotheses were proposed: that the staining effects of these special staining agents for zirconia met the criteria for clinical application and that there was no significant difference between the different staining agents for zirconia. The results showed that the coatings of different brands of staining agents were ultrathin, with a thickness of approximately 27–78 µm. In addition, the coloring effects of the zirconia staining agents were not significantly different from those of the colorimetric plates. After staining, the zirconia samples had decreased surface roughness and contact angle values, which improved surface smoothness and cleanliness. In summary, the results support the hypothesis of this study that zirconia stains can be used as an alternative to the current fabrication methods for clinical dental restorations. We sought to identify the clinical techniques that are easier to perform and to overcome the current problem of dental technicians requiring considerable dentin space for staining. It is expected that the results of this study will be useful in clinical dental restorations.
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