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Zhang X, Hua J, Song Z, Li K. A review: Marine aquaculture impacts marine microbial communities. AIMS Microbiol 2024; 10:239-254. [PMID: 38919720 PMCID: PMC11194620 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2024012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine aquaculture is key for protein production but disrupts marine ecosystems by releasing excess feed and pharmaceuticals, thus affecting marine microbes. Though vital, its environmental impact often remains overlooked. This article delves into mariculture's effects on marine microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and antibiotic-resistance genes in seawater and sediments. It highlights how different mariculture practices-open, pond, and cage culture-affect these microbial communities. Mariculture's release of nutrients, antibiotics, and heavy metals alters the microbial composition, diversity, and functions. Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, a promising sustainable approach, is still developing and needs refinement. A deep understanding of mariculture's impact on microbial ecosystems is crucial to minimize pollution and foster sustainable practices, paving the way for the industry's sustainable advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kejun Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Pinto R, Zanette J. Integrative ecotoxicity evaluation of Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni in aquatic animals reveals high tolerance of Artemia franciscana. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140059. [PMID: 37673183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a significant threat to animals in aquatic environments due to the adverse effects they exert. Species of the genus Artemia have been described as heavy metal tolerant, but the sensitivity/tolerance range for these species has not been established. In the present study, the toxicity of Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni as reported in the ECOTOX and Web of Science databases was examined for Artemia franciscana and compared with other species and taxonomic groups using an integrative ecotoxicity evaluation. The hazard concentration for 5% of the species (HC5) of acute toxicity tests (24-96 h), obtained through a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) indicated that Cu (0.02 mg/L) and Cd (0.03 mg/L) were the metals with the highest toxicity to aquatic animals followed by Zn (0.15 mg/L) and Ni (0.23 mg/L). In addition to the higher hazard of Cu and Cd to aquatic animals, the comparison of acute LC50 values for A. franciscana indicates lower toxicity of Cd followed by Cu, Zn, and Ni (200.0, 14.5, 9.5, and 0.6 mg/L, respectively). Using the SSD and physiological sensitivity (S) approaches, it was demonstrated that A. franciscana is relatively tolerant to Cd (SSD= HC99; S = 2.21), Cu (SSD= HC97; S = 2.00), Zn (SSD= HC90; S = 1.29) and Ni (SSD= HC83; S = 0.96) compared with other species and taxonomic groups. It appears that tolerance to the metals Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni is unique to the family Artemiidae within the order Anostraca, as the families Streptocephalidae and Thamnocephalidae are not tolerant (have negative S values). Our study confirmed that as expected, A. franciscana presents higher tolerance to Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni than other aquatic animals. Our findings confirm that A. franciscana can be used as a model organism to understand mechanisms involved in tolerance to heavy metals, mainly Cd and Cu, which are considered highly toxic to other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pinto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano Zanette
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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3
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Liu X, Chi H, Tan Z, Yang X, Sun Y, Li Z, Hu K, Hao F, Liu Y, Yang S, Deng Q, Wen X. Heavy metals distribution characteristics, source analysis, and risk evaluation of soils around mines, quarries, and other special areas in a region of northwestern Yunnan, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132050. [PMID: 37459760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on the assessment of soil heavy metals (HMs) pollution using relevant indices, a comprehensive approach combined network environ analysis (NEA), human health risk assessment (HHRA) method and positive definite matrix factor (PMF) model to quantify the risks among ecological communities in a special environment around mining area in northwest Yunnan, calculated the risk to human health caused by HMs in soil, and analyzed the pollution sources of HMs. The integrated risks for soil microorganisms, vegetations, herbivores, and carnivores were 2.336, 0.876, 0.114, and 0.082, respectively, indicating that soil microorganisms were the largest risk receptors. The total hazard indexes (HIT) for males, females, and children were 0.542, 0.591, and 1.970, respectively, revealing a relatively high and non-negligible non-carcinogenic risks (NCR) for children. The total cancer risks (TCR) for both females and children exceeded 1.00E-04, indicating that soil HMs posed carcinogenic risks (CR) to them. Comparatively, Pb was the high-risk metal, accounting for 53.76%, 57.90%, and 68.09% of HIT in males, females, and children, respectively. PMF analysis yielded five sources of pollution, F1 (industry), F2 (agriculture), F3 (domesticity), F4 (nature), and F5 (traffic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Huajian Chi
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yiping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zongtao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Kan Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Fangfang Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Shengchun Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Qingwen Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
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Zhao J, Li X, Xu Y, Li Y, Zheng L, Luan T. Toxic effects of long-term dual or single exposure to oxytetracycline and arsenic on Xenopus tropicalis living in duck wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:431-440. [PMID: 36522075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct discharge of aquaculture wastewater may have toxic effects, due to the presence of heavy metals, antibiotics, and even resistant pathogens, but little attention has been given. Here, tanks simulating a wild ecosystem were built to study the effects of long-term exposure to duck wastewater containing oxytetracycline (OTC) and/or arsenic (As) on the growth, physiological function, and gut microbiota evolution of Xenopus tropicalis. The results showed that duck wastewater had no apparent impact on X. tropicalis, but the impact increased significantly (P < 0.05) with exposure to OTC and/or As, especially the impact on body weight and growth rate. Biochemical indicators revealed varying degrees of oxidative stress damage, hepatotoxicity (inflammation, necrosis, and sinusoids), and collagen fibrosis of X. tropicalis in all treated groups after 72 days of exposure, which indirectly inhibited X. tropicalis growth. Moreover, 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results showed that the gut microbiota structure and metabolic function were perturbed after chronic exposure, which might be the leading cause of growth inhibition. Interestingly, the abundance of intestinal resistance genes (RGs) increased with exposure time owing to the combined direct and indirect effects of stress factors in duck wastewater. Moreover, once the RGs were expressed, the resistance persisted for at least 24 days, especially that conferred by tetA. These results provide evidence of the toxic effects of DW containing OTC (0.1-4.0 mg/L) and/or As (0.3-3.5 µg/L) on amphibians and indicate that it is vital to limit the usage of heavy metals and antibiotics on farms to control the biotoxicity of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanbin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Liu H, Tang J, Chen T, Zhu P, Sun D, Wang W. Assessment of heavy metals contamination and human health risk assessment of the commonly consumed medicinal herbs in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:7345-7357. [PMID: 36040690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates heavy metal contamination of commonly consumed medicinal herbs and human health risks to the Chinese population arising from the consumption of herbs that contain potentially harmful elements. Food safety standards for Chinese residents are becoming stricter, and much work in this field needs to be performed. This study examines Co, Ba, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Be, Sb, and Bi concentrations in four regularly consumed Chinese herb species: Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (RAD), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAM), and Radix Puerariae (RP). A pollution status examination and evaluation of heavy metals in RPA, RAD, RAM, and RP were performed. The human health risk assessment associated with the intake of potentially harmful elements in herbs was calculated in terms of the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target hazard quotient (THQ), the estimated hazard index (HI), and the lifetime cancer risk (CR). The mean single-factor pollution index (PI) showed that in the RPA, RAD, RAM, and RP samples, approximately 10.0%, 10.0%, 30.0%, and 10.0%, respectively, were polluted by Cd. The present study indicated that the pattern of consumption of the studied herbs in China does not seem to suggest an excessive health hazard associated with any of the toxic elements studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Tongjun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Weiyun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
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Wang C, Ju J, Zhang H, Liu P, Song Z, Hu X, Zheng Q. Exploring the variation of bacterial community and nitrogen transformation functional genes under the pressure of heavy metals in different coastal mariculture patterns. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116365. [PMID: 36202038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrium in microbial dynamics and nitrogen transformation in the sediment is critical for maintaining healthy mariculture environment. However, our understanding about the impact of heavy metals on the bacterial community and nitrogen transformation functional genes in different mariculture patterns is still limited. Here, we analyzed 30 sediment samples in the vertical distribution from three different mariculture patterns mainly include open mariculture zone (K), closed mariculture pond (F) and pristine marine area (Q). Illumina MiSeq Sequencing was applied to investigate the bacterial community and structure in the sediment. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine the effect of heavy metals on nitrogen transformation functional genes. Results showed that bacterial community and structure varied greatly in different mariculture patterns. Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Desulfobacterota were predominant phyla in the coastal mariculture area. High concentrations of heavy metals mainly enriched in the up layer (5-40 cm) of the sediment in the mariculture zone. The abundance of functional genes in the closed mariculture pond was much higher than the open mariculture zone and pristine marine area. And the high abundance of nitrification and denitrification functional genes mainly accumulated at the depth from 5 cm to 40 cm. Heavy metals content such as Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, As, Cd, Pb and nutrient content NH4+-N, NO3--N and NO2--N were highly associated with bacterial community and nitrogen transformation functional genes. This study comprehensively elaborated the effect of heavy metals on the bacterial community and nitrogen transformation functional genes in different coastal mariculture patterns, indicating the possible role of closed mariculture pond in reducing nitrogen transformation efficiency, which will provide useful information for preventing pollution risk in the mariculture area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jiujun Ju
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Haikun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264403, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264403, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zenglei Song
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264403, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264403, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Yang S, Sun K, Liu J, Wei N, Zhao X. Comparison of Pollution Levels, Biomagnification Capacity, and Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Nearshore and Offshore Regions of the South China Sea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912248. [PMID: 36231549 PMCID: PMC9565928 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Seawater and fish were collected from nearshore (Pearl River Estuarine, PRE) and offshore (middle of the South China Sea, MSCS) regions of the South China Sea (SCS) to determine the heavy metals (HMs) pollution status and biomagnification characteristics. Results show that Cu in PRE seawater was moderately contaminated. Overall pollution risk of seawater were PRE (3.32) > MSCS (0.56), whereas that of fish was MSCS (0.88) > PRE (0.42). δ13C and δ15N exhibited distinguished characteristics for PRE and MSCS fish, indicating the diverse energy sources, nitrogen sources, and food web structures of nearshore and offshore regions. Cu was biomagnified whereas Pb and Ni were biodiluted in offshore fish. Hg presented significant biomagnification in both of nearshore and offshore fish. Finally, the target hazard quotient of Hg (1.41) in MSCS fish exceeded the standard limit, which was posed by high Hg concentration and consumption rate of offshore fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochen Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Geomaterials in China Nonmetallic Minerals Industry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kaifeng Sun
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Geomaterials in China Nonmetallic Minerals Industry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Nan Wei
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
- College of Earth Sciences, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
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Zhang S, Chen B, Du J, Wang T, Shi H, Wang F. Distribution, Assessment, and Source of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Qinjiang River, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159140. [PMID: 35897501 PMCID: PMC9368131 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are toxic, persistent, and non-degradable. After sedimentation and adsorption, they accumulate in water sediments. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of heavy metal pollution of Qinjiang River sediments and its effects on the ecological environment and apportioning sources. The mean total concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Pb are 3.14, 2.33, 1.39, 5.79, and 1.33 times higher than the background values, respectively. Co, Ni, and Cd concentrations are lower than the background values. Fe, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb are all primarily in the residual state, while Mn and Zn are primarily in the acid-soluble and oxidizable states, respectively. Igeo, RI, SQGs, and RAC together indicate that the pollution status and ecological risk of heavy metals in Qinjiang River sediments are generally moderate; among them, Fe, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb are not harmful to the ecological environment of the Qinjiang River. Cu is not readily released because of its higher residual composition, suggesting that Cu is less harmful to the ecological environment. Mn and Zn, as the primary pollution factors of the Qinjiang River, are harmful to the ecological environment. This heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of the Qinjiang River primarily comes from manganese and zinc ore mining. Manganese carbonate and its weathered secondary manganese oxide are frequently associated with a significant amount of residual copper and Cd, as a higher pH is suitable for the deposition and enrichment of these heavy metals. Lead-zinc ore and its weathering products form organic compounds with residual Fe, Co, Cr, and Ni, and their content is related to salinity. The risk assessment results of heavy metals in sediments provide an important theoretical basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in Qinjiang River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuncun Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.Z.); (T.W.)
| | - Bo Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China; (J.D.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Junru Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China; (J.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.Z.); (T.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haixin Shi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China; (J.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China; (J.D.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (F.W.)
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Couto CMCM, Ribeiro C. Pollution status and risk assessment of trace elements in Portuguese water, soils, sediments, and associated biota: a trend analysis from the 80s to 2021. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48057-48087. [PMID: 35567689 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of water bodies and sediments/soils by trace elements remains a global threat and a serious environmental hazard to biodiversity and human's health. Globalization and industrialization resulted in the increase and availability of these substances in the environment posing unpredictable adverse effects to living organisms. To determine pollution status and risk contamination by trace elements, data available in the literature of the last 40 years on trace elements occurrence in three environmental matrices (water bodies, sediments/soils, and biota) from Continental Portugal were collected (about 90 studies). Data were compared to water and sediment quality guidelines to assess potential ecological risks. Most environmentally relevant hazardous elements include Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, and As. Various studies found trace elements at levels higher than those considered safe by environmental guidelines. In surface waters, Al, Zn, Se, and Ag were found above aquatic life limits in about 60% of the reviewed papers, while Cu, Zn, and As exceed those values in more than 60% of mining waters. Hg and Cd in sediments from mining areas exceeded aquatic life limits and potential ecological risk showed extremely high risk for most of the elements. The data compiled in this review is very heterogenous, varying in terms of sampling schemes, trace elements analysed, and spatiotemporal settings. This heterogenicity leads to data differences that make meaningful comparisons difficult. Nevertheless, the compilation of scattered environmental spatial and temporal trace elements data, of either natural sources or human activity as well as the ultimate effect on biological systems, is of the upmost importance to broaden its knowledge, risk assessment, and implementation of mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M C M Couto
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal.
- LAQV / REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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Detection and Statistics of Offshore Aquaculture Rafts in Coastal Waters. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Offshore aquaculture is critical for a marine fishery economy. The spatial distribution of aquaculture that characterizes it plays a vital role in the sustainable development of marine resources and the protection of the marine environment. In recent years, China’s aquaculture has developed rapidly; specifically, the scale of aquaculture has dramatically expanded, and large-scale aquaculture has gradually grown in popularity. Although high-resolution satellite data can accurately extract aquaculture areas, the extraction of a large area of the sea area requires a copious amount of data. In contrast, medium-resolution satellite images allow for the extraction of aquaculture areas from large sea areas with a smaller amount of data, offering significant advantages. Therefore, we used Landsat8 satellite data to extract and count the number of aquaculture rafts based on the Hough transform and Canny edge detection methods. We tested the accuracy of this method by selecting Haizhou Bay as the study area for the experiment and accuracy verification and found that the automatic extraction accuracy for the number of aquaculture rafts was more than 90%. Additionally, we calculated statistics on the number of aquaculture rafts in Haizhou Bay over the past seven years. The findings presented in this paper offer a significant reference value for local marine utilization, marine environment protection, and marine disaster prevention and mitigation.
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Assessment of the Heavy Metal Contamination of Roadside Soils Alongside Buddha Nullah, Ludhiana, (Punjab) India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031596. [PMID: 35162623 PMCID: PMC8834879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal contents in roadside soil samples collected during 2 sampling periods (September 2018 and April 2019) from 8 different roadside sites lying parallel to the Buddha Nullah, an old rivulet, flowing through Ludhiana, (Punjab) India. The contents (mg/kg) of seven metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel and zinc) were estimated using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Among the metals analyzed, the contents of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn were found above the permissible limits. The results of the index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (Cdeg), modified contamination degree (mCdeg), the Nemerow pollution index (PI) and pollution load index (PLI) indicate a moderate to high heavy metal contamination of the analyzed soil samples. The results of the potential ecological risk factor (ERi) and potential ecological risk index (RI) indicate a low to moderate risk of heavy metals in the studied soil samples. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed that most of the variables exhibited a statistically significant correlation with one or more variables during the two samplings. Multivariate analysis demonstrates that contents of heavy metals in the study area are influenced by anthropogenic and geogenic factors.
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