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Wang S, Liu W, Wei B, Wang A, Wang Y, Wang W, Gao J, Jin Y, Lu H, Ka Y, Yue Q. Traditional herbal medicine: Therapeutic potential in acute gouty arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118182. [PMID: 38621464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is characterized by a rapid inflammatory reaction caused by the build-up of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the tissues surrounding the joints. This condition often associated with hyperuricemia (HUA), is distinguished by its symptoms of intense pain, active inflammation, and swelling of the joints. Traditional approaches in AGA management often fall short of desired outcomes in clinical settings. However, recent ethnopharmacological investigations have been focusing on the potential of Traditional Herbal Medicine (THM) in various forms, exploring their therapeutic impact and targets in AGA treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review briefly summarizes the current potential pharmacological mechanisms of THMs - including active ingredients, extracts, and prescriptions -in the treatment of AGA, and discusses the relevant potential mechanisms and molecular targets in depth. The objective of this study is to offer extensive information and a reference point for the exploration of targeted AGA treatment using THMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review obtained scientific publications focused on in vitro and in vivo studies of anti-AGA THMs conducted between 2013 and 2023. The literature was collected from various journals and electronic databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The retrieval and analysis of relevant articles were guided by keywords such as "acute gouty arthritis and Chinese herbal medicine," "acute gouty arthritis herbal prescription," "acute gouty arthritis and immune cells," "acute gouty arthritis and inflammation," "acute gouty arthritis and NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3)," "acute gouty arthritis and miRNA," and "acute gouty arthritis and oxidative stress." RESULTS We found that AGA has a large number of therapeutic targets, highlighting the effectiveness the potential of THMs in AGA treatment through in vitro and in vivo studies. THMs and their active ingredients can mitigate AGA symptoms through a variety of therapeutic targets, such as influencing macrophage polarization, neutrophils, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and addressing factors like inflammation, NLRP3 inflammasome, signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and miRNA multi-target interactions. The anti-AGA properties of THMs, including their active components and prescriptions, were systematically summarized and categorized based on their respective therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid and alkaloid compounds in THMs are considered the key ingredients to improve AGA. THMs and their active ingredients achieve enhanced efficacy through interactions with multiple targets, of which NLRP3 is a main therapeutic target. Nonetheless, given the intricate composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), additional research is required to unravel the underlying mechanisms and molecular targets through which THMs alleviate AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wei Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Bowen Wei
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Jingyue Gao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yue Jin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Hang Lu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yuxiu Ka
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Qingyun Yue
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
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Di T, He L, Shi Q, Chen L, Zhu L, Zhao S, Zhang C. Emodin Blocks mPTP Opening and Improves LPS-Induced HMEC-1 Cell Injury by Upregulation of ATP5A1. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301916. [PMID: 38511277 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emodin has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Our study aimed to identify a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of emodin. METHODS An LPS-induced model of microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC-1) injury was constructed. Cell proliferation was examined using a CCK-8 assay. The effects of emodin on reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell migration, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) were evaluated. Actin-Tracker Green was used to examine the relationship between cell microfilament reconstruction and ATP5A1 expression. The effects of emodin on the expression of ATP5A1, NALP3, and TNF-α were determined. After treatment with emodin, ATP5A1 and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-13 and IL-18) were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS Emodin significantly increased HMEC-1 cell proliferation and migration, inhibited the production of ROS, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and blocked the opening of the mPTP. Moreover, emodin could increase ATP5A1 expression, ameliorate cell microfilament remodeling, and decrease the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, when ATP5A1 was overexpressed, the regulatory effect of emodin on inflammatory factors was not significant. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that emodin can protect HMEC-1 cells against inflammatory injury. This process is modulated by the expression of ATP5A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tietao Di
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Limin He
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Sisi Zhao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
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Sanz-Cabanillas JL, Gómez-García F, Gómez-Arias PJ, Montilla-López A, Gay-Mimbrera J, Ruano J, Isla-Tejera B, Parra-Peralbo E. Efficacy and safety of anakinra and canakinumab in PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases: a comprehensive scoping review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1339337. [PMID: 38259483 PMCID: PMC10801072 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This scoping review explores the effectiveness of IL-1 pathway inhibitors in managing PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases (PAID). These diseases are marked by abnormal IL-1 pathway activation due to genetic mutations. Methods Our methodology adhered to a pre-published protocol and involved a thorough search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to February 2022, following the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual and the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. The review included studies reporting on IL-1 pathway inhibitor use in PAID patients. Results From an initial pool of 5,225 articles, 36 studies involving 43 patients were selected. The studies predominantly used observational designs and exhibited diversity in patient demographics, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Anakinra and canakinumab demonstrated promise in treating sterile pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) and PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related-proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndromes, with scant data on other syndromes. Notably, there was a paucity of information on the adverse effects of these treatments, necessitating cautious interpretation of their safety profile. Conclusion Current evidence on IL-1 pathway inhibitors for PAID is primarily from observational studies and remains limited. Rigorous research with larger patient cohorts is imperative for more definitive conclusions. Collaborative efforts among specialized research centers and international health initiatives are key to advancing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Sanz-Cabanillas
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Gómez-García
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pedro Jesús Gómez-Arias
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Montilla-López
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jesús Gay-Mimbrera
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Ruano
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- School of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isla-Tejera
- Inflammatory Immune-mediated Chronic Skin Diseases’ Laboratory, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Parra-Peralbo
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical Science and Health, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
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Modi P, Shah BM, Patel S. Interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE): A comprehensive review on discovery and development of caspase-1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115861. [PMID: 37857145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-1 is a critical mediator of the inflammatory process by activating various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as pro-IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33. Uncontrolled activation of caspase-1 leads to various cytokines-mediated diseases. Thus, inhibition of Caspase-1 is considered therapeutically beneficial to halt the progression of such diseases. Currently, rilonacept, canakinumab and anakinra are in use for caspase-1-mediated autoinflammatory diseases. However, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of these peptides limits their use as therapeutic agents. Therefore, several peptidomimetic inhibitors have been developed, but only a few compounds (VX-740, VX-765) have advanced to clinical trials; because of their toxic profile. Several small molecule inhibitors have also been progressing based on the three-dimensional structure of caspase-1. However there is no successful candidate available clinically. In this perspective, we highlight the mechanism of caspase-1 activation, its therapeutic potential as a disease target and potential therapeutic strategies targeting caspase-1 with their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmi Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University Ahmedabad - 382 210, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhumi M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University Ahmedabad - 382 210, Gujarat, India
| | - Shivani Patel
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Nozu T, Ohhira M, Ishioh M, Okumura T. Adult-onset Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis and Cervical Adenitis Syndrome Responsive to Colchicine. Intern Med 2023; 62:3555-3558. [PMID: 37062730 PMCID: PMC10749813 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1364-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a rare case of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome that occurred in an 18-year-old man. He visited our hospital with recurrent episodes of a fever, pharyngitis and adenitis without suggestive findings of infection. These episodes resolved within 5 days and recurred quite regularly, with an interval of about 30 days. As the febrile episodes significantly impaired his quality of life, he was treated with colchicine (0.5 mg) as prophylaxis. This completely prevented the episodes during six months of follow-up. Colchicine may therefore be effective in cases of adult-onset PFAPA syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
- Center for Medical Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Masumi Ohhira
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Masatomo Ishioh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Japan
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Zhan Y, Yue H, Zhao X, Tang J, Wu Z. Colchicine in atrial fibrillation: are old trees in bloom? Front Physiol 2023; 14:1260774. [PMID: 37916222 PMCID: PMC10616799 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1260774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colchicine is a widely used drug that was originally used to treat gout and rheumatic diseases. In recent years, colchicine has shown high potential in the cardiovascular field. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiovascular disease with a high incidence. One of the most frequent complications following cardiovascular surgery is postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), which affects patient health and disease burden. This article reviews the research status of colchicine in AF and summarizes the relevant progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghua Yue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueshan Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School of Teaching, Hospital of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Jiao P, Li Z, Li B, Jiao X. The Role of Caspase-11 and Pyroptosis in the Regulation of Inflammation in Peri-Implantitis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4471-4479. [PMID: 37842190 PMCID: PMC10576458 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s427523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an important cause of oral implant failure. In the past, TLR4 and TLR2 in the Toll-like family were generally considered as the key immune recognition receptors regulating peri-implantitis. However, under the guidance of this theory, there are still some unexplainable peri-implantitis symptoms. With the discovery of novel intracellular LPS receptor Caspase-11, a new understanding of inflammatory signaling and immune regulation in the development of peri-implantitis has been gained. However, the regulatory role of Caspase-11 in peri-implantitis and its crosstalk with the TLR4 pathway remain unclear. The therapeutic effect of drugs targeting Caspase-11 on peri-implantitis is still in its early stages. In view of this situation, this paper reviews the possible role of Caspase-11 in peri-implant inflammation, elaborated the entry process of LPS and the activation mechanism of Caspase-11, and analyzes the differences in Caspase-11 between commonly studied animals, mice and humans. The current research hotspots and challenges are also analyzed to provide new insights and ideas for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Jiao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuntai Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Birong Li
- Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyuan Jiao
- Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Çapraz M, Düz ME. R202Q prevalence in clinically diagnosed Familial Mediterranean Fever patients: 9 years of data analysis from 1570 patients living Central Black Sea region, Turkey. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2273-2278. [PMID: 36441449 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by recurrent self-limiting fever, peritonitis, arthritis, and erysipelas-like-erythema, common among ethnic groups such as Turkish, Armenian, Arab, and Jewish. The disease is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene encoding the Pyrin. This study examines the genotypes of FMF patients from Amasya, Turkey. METHOD According to the Tel Hashomer criteria, one thousand five hundred seventy patients (871 female, 699 male, mean age 21.2 ± 15.5 years) living in Amasya Province and the surroundings were screened for sequence variants in the entire MEFV gene. Besides, mutation types and alleles were evaluated with clinical findings. RESULTS MEFV mutations and polymorphisms were found in 1413 of the 1570 patients (90%). Among these patients, 5 (0.3%) were double homozygous, 152 (9.7%) were homozygous, 373 (23.8%) were double heterozygous, and 882 (56.2%) were heterozygous. The most frequent genotype was R202Q (960, 43.5%) followed by M694V (n = 412, 18.7%), E148Q (n = 321, 14.6%), and M680I (n = 200, 9.1%). The most common clinical symptoms were abdominal pain (96.4%) and fever (91.3%). CONCLUSIONS The fact that the R202Q genotype, which is compatible with the known FMF clinic, is frequently seen shows that it should be included in routine molecular screenings of the patients. Functional studies of the R202Q variant pyrin protein should be performed to understand FMF better. Finally, it is unclear whether the R202Q genotype might be regarded as a mutation while being approved as a polymorphism in the inFevers database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Çapraz
- Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Training and Research Hospital, Internal Medicine, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Emin Düz
- Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Training and Research Hospital, Medical Biochemistry, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey.
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Özkılınç Önen M, Onat UI, Uğurlu S, Timuçin AC, Öz Arslan D, Everest E, Özdoğan H, Tahir Turanlı E. Detection of a rare variant in PSTPIP1 through three generations in a family with an initial diagnosis of FMF/MKD-overlapping phenotype. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3188-3196. [PMID: 36692132 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The presence of FMF cases without MEFV (MEFV innate immunity regulator, pyrin) pathogenic variants led us to search for other genes' involvement in the disease development. Here, we describe the presence of genetic heterogeneity in a three-generation family with an FMF/mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD)-overlapping phenotype without MEFV/MVK (mevalonate kinase) pathogenic variants. METHOD Targeted sequencing revealed a rare, fully penetrant variant in PSTPIP1 (p.Arg228Cys, rs781341816). Computational stability analyses of PSTPIP1 protein were performed. PSTPIP1-pyrin protein interaction was examined by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients and healthy controls. PBMCs were cultured, and inflammation was induced by LPS+ATP treatment, followed by protein level measurements of caspase-1, IL1ß, pyrin and PSTPIP1 in cell lysates and mature caspase-1 and mature IL1ß in supernatants. RESULTS The conserved, rare (GnomAD, 0.000028) PSTPIP1 p.Arg228Cys variant, previously reported in ClinVar as a variant with uncertain significance, showed complete penetrance in the family presenting an autosomal dominant pattern. Computational analyses showed a potentially destabilizing effect of the variant on PSTPIP1 protein. Accordingly, PSTPIP1-pyrin interaction was increased in patients harboring the variant, which resulted in elevated levels of mature caspase-1 and IL1ß in the inflammation-induced patient samples. CONCLUSIONS Unlike previously described cases with pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA)-associated PSTPIP1 variants, our patients with the p.Arg228Cys variant presented with an FMF/MKD-overlapping phenotype. As additional data on the genetic heterogeneity in the variable clinical spectrum of autoinflammatory syndromes, we suggest that the p.Arg228Cys variant in PSTPIP1 is related to inflammation responses through strong PSTPIP1-pyrin interaction and pyrin inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Özkılınç Önen
- Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology Program, Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut I Onat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdal Uğurlu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet C Timuçin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Öz Arslan
- Biophysics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Everest
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huri Özdoğan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Tahir Turanlı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Molecular and Translational Biomedicine Program, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cell death in skin function, inflammation, and disease. Biochem J 2022; 479:1621-1651. [PMID: 35929827 PMCID: PMC9444075 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is an essential process that plays a vital role in restoring and maintaining skin homeostasis. It supports recovery from acute injury and infection and regulates barrier function and immunity. Cell death can also provoke inflammatory responses. Loss of cell membrane integrity with lytic forms of cell death can incite inflammation due to the uncontrolled release of cell contents. Excessive or poorly regulated cell death is increasingly recognised as contributing to cutaneous inflammation. Therefore, drugs that inhibit cell death could be used therapeutically to treat certain inflammatory skin diseases. Programmes to develop such inhibitors are already underway. In this review, we outline the mechanisms of skin-associated cell death programmes; apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, and the epidermal terminal differentiation programme, cornification. We discuss the evidence for their role in skin inflammation and disease and discuss therapeutic opportunities for targeting the cell death machinery.
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The genetics behind inflammasome regulation. Mol Immunol 2022; 145:27-42. [PMID: 35278849 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome is a cytosolic multiproteic complex that promotes proinflammatory events through the release of the cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and in some context by the induction of a lytic cell death called pyroptosis, in response to damage, infections, or changes in the homeostasis. Due to the powerful inflammatory effect, there are several regulatory mechanisms that are essential to modulate or limit the activation of the inflammasome. When these mechanisms fail, the deregulation of the complex leads or contributes to the development of a plethora of diseases characterized by constitutive and/or chronic inflammation, such as autoinflammatory, autoimmune, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases, cancer, or even severe complications of infectious diseases. Either environmental or genetic factors may affect the threshold and/or the level of inflammasome activation, such as hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, auto-antibodies, unfolded proteins and fibrils, or individual genetic variants in genes coding for inflammasome receptors or effector molecules, and also in regulators. While the genetics of inflammasome itself has been elsewhere characterized and also recently reviewed by our group, less is known about how genetic variants in regulatory molecules could affect inflammatory diseases. Therefore in this work, we selected a group of known or possible regulators of the inflammasome, and through the review of genetic association studies we tried to depict the contribution of these regulators in the development of multifactorial diseases.
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Goel R, Eapen CE. Recognizing Dysfunctional Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Contributing to Liver Damage in Patients With Cirrhosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2022; 12:993-1002. [PMID: 34744379 PMCID: PMC8560502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human host immune system wards off attacks by enemies such as viruses by mounting an inflammatory response which may sometimes injure self-tissues. Dysfunctional immune/inflammatory response by the host may affect the functioning of vital organs. The largest number of innate immune cells in the body resides in the liver. On encountering a new insult or injury to the liver, the innate immune system responds quickly to counter it. Acute liver insults may trigger acute liver failure or acute on chronic liver failure; these disorders are associated with a predominant innate immune response. Activation of the reticuloendothelial system (part of the innate immune response) predicts short-term and medium-term survival in patients with acute on chronic liver failure. Liver diseases associated with an aberrant adaptive immune response like autoimmune hepatitis respond well to treatment with steroids and other immunosuppressants, while those associated with innate immune dysfunction like acute on chronic liver failure do not respond well to steroids; recent reports suggest that the latter disorders may respond to therapeutic plasma exchange. How does the immune system in a patient with liver disease respond to SARS CoV2 infection? While commonly used tests in routine clinical practice provide clues to activation of different arms of immune response in patients with cirrhosis, specialized tests may help characterize this further. This review discusses the tests which reflect aberrant immune responses and treatment of patients with cirrhosis.
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Key Words
- ACLF, acute on chronic liver failure
- AIH, autoimmune hepatitis
- ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
- APASL, Asia Pacific Association for Study of Liver
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease of 2019
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns
- EASL, European Association for Study of Liver
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- IgG4 RD, IgG4 related disease
- MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease
- NK cells, natural killer cells
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PBC, primary biliary cholangitis
- PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis
- SARS CoV2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- VWF, von Willebrand factor
- cirrhosis
- immune dysfunction
- investigations
- reticuloendothelial activation
- sMR, soluble mannose receptor
- treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Goel
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chundamannil Eapen Eapen
- Hepatology Department, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr CE Eapen, Hepatology Department, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
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Siligato R, Gembillo G, Calabrese V, Conti G, Santoro D. Amyloidosis and Glomerular Diseases in Familial Mediterranean Fever. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57101049. [PMID: 34684086 PMCID: PMC8541210 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a genetic autoinflammatory disease with autosomal recessive transmission, characterized by periodic fever attacks with self-limited serositis. Secondary amyloidosis due to amyloid A renal deposition represents the most fearsome complication in up to 8.6% of patients. Amyloidosis A typically reveals a nephrotic syndrome with a rapid progression to end-stage kidney disease still. It may also involve the cardiovascular system, the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. Other glomerulonephritis may equally affect FMF patients, including vasculitis such as IgA vasculitis and polyarteritis nodosa. A differential diagnosis among different primary and secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome is mandatory to determine the right therapeutic choice for the patients. Early detection of microalbuminuria is the first signal of kidney impairment in FMF, but new markers such as Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) may radically change renal outcomes. Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) is currently considered a reliable indicator of subclinical inflammation and compliance to therapy. According to new evidence, SAA may also have an active pathogenic role in the regulation of NALP3 inflammasome activity as well as being a predictor of the clinical course of AA amyloidosis. Beyond colchicine, new monoclonal antibodies such as IL-1 inhibitors anakinra and canakinumab, and anti-IL-6 tocilizumab may represent a key in optimizing FMF treatment and prevention or control of AA amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Siligato
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (V.C.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Guido Gembillo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (V.C.); (D.S.)
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (V.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Giovanni Conti
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, AOU Policlinic “G Martino”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.G.); (V.C.); (D.S.)
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14
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Lu LY, Tang XY, Luo GJ, Tang MJ, Liu Y, Yu XJ. Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne syndrome in a Chinese family: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:6393-6402. [PMID: 34435004 PMCID: PMC8362586 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i22.6393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by severe autoimmune inflammation, caused by mutations in the PSTPIP1 gene. Due to PAPA heterogeneous clinical manifestation, misdiagnosis or delayed diagnoses are difficult to avoid. With the use of whole-exome sequencing, we identified a missense mutation in the PSTPIP1 gene in a Chinese family. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of PAPA reported in China.
CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy suffered from recurrent aseptic pyogenic arthritis triggered by minor trauma or few obvious predisposing causes for more than 3 years. Pyogenic arthritis occurred every 3-5 mo, affecting his knees, elbows, and ankle joints. Treatments, such as glucocorticoids, antibiotics, even surgeries could alleviate joints pain and swelling to some extent but could not inhibit the recurrence of arthritis. Similar symptoms were present in his younger brother but not in his parents. According to the whole-exome sequencing, a missense mutation in exon 11 of the PSTPIP1 gene (c.748G>C; p.E250Q) was detected in the boy, his younger brother and his father. Taking into account the similar phenotypic features with PAPA syndrome reported previously, we confirmed a diagnosis of PAPA syndrome for the family.
CONCLUSION In this case, a missense mutation (c.748G>C; p.E250Q) in PSTPIP1 gene was identified in a Chinese family with PAPA syndrome. Previous studies emphasize the fact that PAPA syndrome is hard to diagnose just through the clinical manifestations owing to its heterogeneous expression. Genetic testing is an effectual auxiliary diagnostic method, especially in the early stages of pyogenic arthritis. Only if we have a deep understanding and rich experience of this rare disease can we make a prompt diagnosis, develop the best clinical treatment plan, and give good fertility guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Yang Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guo-Jing Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meng-Jia Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xi-Jie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Gicchino MF, Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Del Giudice EM, Olivieri AN. A case report of a boy suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus and familial Mediterranean fever. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:127. [PMID: 34078428 PMCID: PMC8173901 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus could be associated with other autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune thyroid disease, celiac disease, but the association with Familial Mediterranean Fever is rare, we describe a case of a boy with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus associated with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). CASE PRESENTATION A 13 year old boy already suffering from Diabetes Mellitus type 1 since the age of 4 years, came to our attention because of periodic fever associated with abdominal pain, chest pain and arthralgia. The fever appeared every 15-30 days with peaks that reached 40 °C and lasted 24-48 h. Laboratory investigation, were normal between febrile episodes, but during the attacks revealed an increase in inflammatory markers. Suspecting Familial Mediterranean Fever molecular analysis of MEFV gene, was performed. The genetic analysis showed homozygous E148Q mutation. So Familial Mediterranean Fever was diagnosed and colchicine treatment was started with good response. CONCLUSION Familial Mediterranean Fever could be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as Ankylosing Spondylitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Polyarteritis Nodosa, Behcet disease, Systemic Lupus, Henoch-Schönlein Purpura, and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Association of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Familial Mediterranean Fever has been newly reported in the medical literature, this is the third association of these two diseases described in the medical literature so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Gicchino
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of the Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of the Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of the Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of the Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alma Nunzia Olivieri
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of the Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Liu B, He R, Zhang L, Hao B, Jiang W, Wang W, Geng Q. Inflammatory Caspases Drive Pyroptosis in Acute Lung Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:631256. [PMID: 33613295 PMCID: PMC7892432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.631256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), a critical respiratory disorder that causes diffuse alveolar injury leads to high mortality rates with no effective treatment. ALI is characterized by varying degrees of ventilation/perfusion mismatch, severe hypoxemia, and poor pulmonary compliance. The diffuse injury to cells is one of most important pathological characteristics of ALI. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death distinguished from apoptosis induced by inflammatory caspases, which can release inflammatory cytokines to clear cells infected by pathogens and promote monocytes to reassemble at the site of injury. And pyroptosis not only promotes inflammation in certain cell types, but also regulates many downstream pathways to perform different functions. There is increasing evidence that pyroptosis and its related inflammatory caspases play an important role in the development of acute lung injury. The main modes of activation of pyroptosis is not consistent among different types of cells in lung tissue. Meanwhile, inhibition of inflammasome, the key to initiating pyroptosis is currently the main way to treat acute lung injury. The review summarizes the relationship among inflammatory caspases, pyroptosis and acute lung injury and provides general directions and strategies to conduct further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruyuan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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17
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Huang X, Xu M, Dai S, Wang M, Zheng H, Zeng K, Li L. Rare cases of PAMI syndrome in both father and son with the same missense mutation in PSTPIP1 gene and literature review. J Dermatol 2021; 48:519-528. [PMID: 33458872 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PSTPIP1-associated myeloid-related proteinaemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome has been described as a rare and distinct clinical phenotype of PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases. We report PSTPIP1 mutation in both father and son who have leukopenia and acne-like lesions. Through whole-exome sequencing on blood DNA, it is found a heterozygous mutation of PSTPIP1 gene c.748G>A on the father and son. The diagnosis of PAMI is made based on DNA sequencing results and clinical characteristics of typical lesions, leukopenia, and the markedly increased serum S100A8/A9 (calprotectin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meinian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanxin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Andreis A, Imazio M, De Ferrari GM. Colchicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: old drug, new targets. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2021; 22:1-8. [PMID: 32858634 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
: Well known in past centuries as a herbal remedy for osteoarticular pain and commonly used in the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever, colchicine has an emerging role in the setting of cardiovascular diseases. Its unique properties not only target the key mechanisms of recurrent inflammation underlying pericardial syndromes but also inflammation within atherosclerotic plaques, atrial fibrillation recurrence and adverse ventricular remodelling leading to heart failure.The effect of colchicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases along with essential pharmacology will be discussed, reviewing the most important and recent clinical studies. Colchicine is a valuable, well tolerated and inexpensive drug in the setting of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Andreis
- University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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19
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Fagenson AM, Xu K, Saaoud F, Nanayakkara G, Jhala NC, Liu L, Drummer C, Sun Y, Lau KN, Di Carlo A, Jiang X, Wang H, Karhadkar SS, Yang X. Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Enhanced by Trained Immunity, Is Attenuated in Caspase 1/Caspase 11 Double Gene Knockout Mice. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110879. [PMID: 33114395 PMCID: PMC7692674 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) during liver transplantation increases morbidity and contributes to allograft dysfunction. There are no therapeutic strategies to mitigate IRI. We examined a novel hypothesis: caspase 1 and caspase 11 serve as danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) sensors in IRI. By performing microarray analysis and using caspase 1/caspase 11 double-knockout (Casp DKO) mice, we show that the canonical and non-canonical inflammasome regulators are upregulated in mouse liver IRI. Ischemic pre (IPC)- and post-conditioning (IPO) induce upregulation of the canonical and non-canonical inflammasome regulators. Trained immunity (TI) regulators are upregulated in IPC and IPO. Furthermore, caspase 1 is activated during liver IRI, and Casp DKO attenuates liver IRI. Casp DKO maintained normal liver histology via decreased DNA damage. Finally, the decreased TUNEL assay-detected DNA damage is the underlying histopathological and molecular mechanisms of attenuated liver pyroptosis and IRI. In summary, liver IRI induces the upregulation of canonical and non-canonical inflammasomes and TI enzyme pathways. Casp DKO attenuate liver IRI. Development of novel therapeutics targeting caspase 1/caspase 11 and TI may help mitigate injury secondary to IRI. Our findings have provided novel insights on the roles of caspase 1, caspase 11, and inflammasome in sensing IRI derived DAMPs and TI-promoted IRI-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Fagenson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplant, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3401 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.N.L.); (A.D.C.); (S.S.K.)
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.F.); (X.Y.)
| | - Keman Xu
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (L.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Fatma Saaoud
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
| | - Gayani Nanayakkara
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nirag C. Jhala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Lu Liu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (L.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Charles Drummer
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
| | - Kwan N. Lau
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplant, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3401 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.N.L.); (A.D.C.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Antonio Di Carlo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplant, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3401 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.N.L.); (A.D.C.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (L.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (L.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Sunil S. Karhadkar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Organ Transplant, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3401 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.N.L.); (A.D.C.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Metabolic Disease Research, Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (K.X.); (F.S.); (G.N.); (C.D.); (Y.S.); (X.J.)
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (L.L.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.F.); (X.Y.)
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20
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Ait-Idir D, Djerdjouri B. Differential mutational profiles of familial Mediterranean fever in North Africa. Ann Hum Genet 2020; 84:423-430. [PMID: 32818295 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessive autoinflammatory disease, mainly occurring in the eastern Mediterranean. In these populations, the five FMF founder mutations are differently distributed. In Algeria, the FMF-causing variants remain poorly explored. This retrospective study aims to report the mutational profile of Algerian FMF patients and to compare it with North African FMF patients. One hundred eighty-three unrelated patients clinically suspected of FMF were recruited from various Algerian hospitals (2007-2015) and tested for mutations in exon 10 of MEFV gene. Molecular analysis identified 144 mutant alleles among 87 of 183 patients (47.5%). p.M694I was the most prevalent pathogenic allele, accounting for 63.2% of mutant alleles, followed by p.M694V and p.M680I occurring with a same frequency (14.5%). Others, p.A744S (6.2%) and p.I692del (1.3%), are less frequent. Interestingly, p.M694I was the most recurrent in patients with renal AA-amyloidosis. Our results provide the first genetic data on FMF in Algeria, demonstrating the predominance of p.M694I and the absence of p.V726A, compared to other North African countries (Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt). In conclusion, North African FMF patients display differential mutational profiles that may result from the difference in ethnic origin and the genetic heterogeneity among these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djouher Ait-Idir
- Research Laboratory, Biodiversity, Biotechnology, Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, M'Hamed Bougara University, Boumerdes, Algeria
| | - Bahia Djerdjouri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
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21
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Cell death in chronic inflammation: breaking the cycle to treat rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:496-513. [PMID: 32641743 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a vital process that occurs in billions of cells in the human body every day. This process helps maintain tissue homeostasis, supports recovery from acute injury, deals with infection and regulates immunity. Cell death can also provoke inflammatory responses, and lytic forms of cell death can incite inflammation. Loss of cell membrane integrity leads to the uncontrolled release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are normally sequestered inside cells. Such DAMPs increase local inflammation and promote the production of cytokines and chemokines that modulate the innate immune response. Cell death can be both a consequence and a cause of inflammation, which can be difficult to distinguish in chronic diseases. Despite this caveat, excessive or poorly regulated cell death is increasingly recognized as a contributor to chronic inflammation in rheumatic disease and other inflammatory conditions. Drugs that inhibit cell death could, therefore, be used therapeutically for the treatment of these diseases, and programmes to develop such inhibitors are already underway. In this Review, we outline pathways for the major cell death programmes (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and NETosis) and their potential roles in chronic inflammation. We also discuss current and developing therapies that target the cell death machinery.
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22
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Gendelman O, Shapira R, Tiosano S, Pras E, Comaneshter D, Cohen A, Amital H. Familial Mediterranean fever is associated with increased risk for ischaemic heart disease and mortality-Perspective derived from a large database. Int J Clin Pract 2020; 74:e13473. [PMID: 31909853 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary, auto-inflammatory disease, characterised by recurrent, self-limiting attacks of fever with inflammation of the serosal membranes, joints, and skin. Chronic inflammation was previously associated with increased risk for ischaemic heart disease (IHD). However, the association between FMF and IHD remains unclear. The objective of this study is to determine whether this association exists. METHODS Utilising the database of the largest health-care provider in Israel, a cross-sectional study was performed. The incidence of IHD was compared between patients diagnosed with FMF and age and sex-matched controls. Chi-square and t-test were used for categorial and continuous variables, and cox logistics regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Survival analysis was made using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test. RESULTS The study included 7670 patients diagnosed with FMF and an equal number of controls without FMF. In a univariate analysis FMF was found to be associated with higher prevalence of IHD (OR 1.33) and increased mortality (OR 1.29). In a multivariate analysis FMF was found to be independently associated with increased risk for IHD (OR 1.44). CONCLUSION The study shows that FMF is associated with both increased risk for IHD and higher mortality rates. An early diagnosis and treatment of this disease can potentially improve patients' life expectancy and decrease cardiac comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Gendelman
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Raz Shapira
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shmuel Tiosano
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Elon Pras
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Doron Comaneshter
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services Tel Aviv, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Arnon Cohen
- Chief Physician's Office, Clalit Health Services Tel Aviv, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine 'B', Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Holth TAD, Walters MA, Hutt OE, Georg GI. Diversity-Oriented Library Synthesis from Steviol and Isosteviol-Derived Scaffolds. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:150-155. [PMID: 32065745 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.9b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The readily available natural product stevioside provides a unique diterpene core structure that can be explored for small molecule library development by diversity-oriented synthesis and functional group transformations. Validation arrays were prepared from steviol, isosteviol, and related analogues, derived from stevioside, to produce over 90 compounds. These compounds were submitted to the NIH Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository for screening in the Molecular Libraries Screening Center Network. Micromolar hits were identified in multiple high-throughput assays for several library members. A cheminformatics analysis of the compounds was performed that verified the expected diversity and complexity of this set of compounds. The screening results indicate that scaffolds-derived natural products can provide screening hits against multiple target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinh A. D. Holth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Michael A. Walters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Oliver E. Hutt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Gunda I. Georg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
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24
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Ishikawa H, Shindo A, Ii Y, Kishida D, Niwa A, Nishiguchi Y, Matsuura K, Kato N, Mizutani A, Tachibana K, Hirata Y, Matsuyama H, Ogawa-Ito A, Taniguchi A, Tomimoto H. MEFV gene mutations in neuro-Behçet's disease and neuro-Sweet disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:2595-2600. [PMID: 31682063 PMCID: PMC6917328 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene mutations are associated with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Recent studies have suggested that MEFV gene mutations may act as disease modifiers in neuro‐Behçet's (NBD) disease and neuro‐Sweet disease (NSD). We investigated MEFV genes and clinical features in 17 patients with NBD or NSD. MEFV gene mutations were frequently observed (70.6%). Headaches and exertional leg pain were associated with MEFV gene mutations (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher frequency of white matter lesions without sites predilection (P < 0.05) and non‐parenchymal lesions (P < 0.05) were also observed. MEFV gene mutations may be associated with particular findings and lesion sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shindo
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ii
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Dai Kishida
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niwa
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Yamato Nishiguchi
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Keita Matsuura
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kato
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Akane Mizutani
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Kei Tachibana
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hirata
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsuyama
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Ai Ogawa-Ito
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Akira Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tomimoto
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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25
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Bertinaria M, Gastaldi S, Marini E, Giorgis M. Development of covalent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors: Chemistry and biological activity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 670:116-139. [PMID: 30448387 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the best recognized and most widely implicated regulator of caspase-1 activation. It is a key regulator of innate immune response and is involved in many pathophysiological processes. Recent evidences for its inappropriate activation in autoinflammatory, autoimmune, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases attract a growing interest toward the development of small molecules NLRP3 inhibitors. Based on the knowledge of biochemical and structural aspects of NLRP3 activation, one successful strategy in the identification of NLRP3 inhibitors relies on the development of covalent irreversible inhibitors. Covalent inhibitors are reactive electrophilic molecules able to alkylate nucleophiles in the target protein. These inhibitors could ensure good efficacy and prolonged duration of action both in vitro and in vivo. In spite of these advantages, effects on other signalling pathways, prone to alkylation, may occur. In this review, we will illustrate the chemistry and the biological action of the most studied covalent NLRP3 inhibitors developed so far. A description of what we know about their mechanism of action will address the reader toward a critical understanding of NLRP3 inhibition by electrophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bertinaria
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Simone Gastaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
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26
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Lee J, Bontekoe J, Trac B, Bansal V, Biller J, Hoppensteadt D, Maia P, Walborn A, Fareed J. Biomarker Profiling of Neurovascular Diseases in Patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:248S-254S. [PMID: 30348002 PMCID: PMC6714821 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618807565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5D) have a higher risk of developing
neurocognitive deficits. Stroke, cervical carotid artery disease (CCAD), and intracranial
atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) are causes of such deficits in CKD5D. Chronic inflammation
from renal failure elevates risk for these diseases through oxidative stress and vascular
dysfunction. The adverse impact on the carotid and intracranial vasculatures contributes
to the multifactorial pathophysiology of stroke. Eleven plasma biomarker levels in
patients with CKD5D (n = 97) and healthy controls (n = 17-50) were measured using sandwich
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Of the 97 patients with CKD5D, 24 had
CCAD, 19 had ICAD, and 23 had acute stroke. Elevations in NACHT, LRR, and PYD
domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3) levels in patients with CKD5D (+)CCAD (1.80 ± 0.11
ng/mL) compared to patients with (−)CCAD (1.55 ± 0.08 ng/mL) were statistically
significant (P = .0299). Differences in D-dimer levels were also found to
be statistically significant (P = .0258) between CKD5D (+)stroke (1.83 ±
0.42 μg/mL) and (−)stroke (0.89 ± 0.13 μg/mL) groups. The ages of the (+) neurovascular
disease groups were found to be significantly elevated compared to the (−) neurovascular
disease groups (P = .0002 carotid AD; P < .0001 ICAD;
P = .0157 stroke). D-dimer levels were positively correlated with age
in CKD5D (P = .0375). With the possible exception of NALP3 for CCAD,
profiling levels of specific biomarkers for risk stratification of neurovascular diseases
in the CKD5D population warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jack Bontekoe
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Brandon Trac
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Vinod Bansal
- Department of Nephrology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - José Biller
- Department of Neurology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Paula Maia
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Amanda Walborn
- Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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27
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Maino B, Spampinato AG, Severini C, Petrella C, Ciotti MT, D'Agata V, Calissano P, Cavallaro S. The trophic effect of nerve growth factor in primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons is associated to an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive transcriptional program. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7178-7187. [PMID: 29741791 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor, the prototype of a family of neurotrophins, elicits differentiation and survival of peripheral and central neuronal cells. Although its neural mechanisms have been studied extensively, relatively little is known about the transcriptional regulation governing its effects. We have previously observed that in primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons treatment with nerve growth factor for 72 hr increases neurite outgrowth and cell survival. To obtain a comprehensive view of the underlying transcriptional program, we performed whole-genome expression analysis by microarray technology. We identified 541 differentially expressed genes and characterized dysregulated pathways related to innate immunity: the complement system and neuro-inflammatory signaling. The exploitation of such genes and pathways may help interfering with the intracellular mechanisms involved in neuronal survival and guide novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Maino
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio G Spampinato
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Severini
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, Roma, Italy.,European Brain Research Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Carla Petrella
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Velia D'Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Catania, Italy
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28
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Update on Autoinflammatory Syndromes. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN RHEUMATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40674-018-0093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Bader-Meunier B, Van Nieuwenhove E, Breton S, Wouters C. Bone involvement in monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 57:606-618. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmunity, Imagine Institut, Paris, France
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL – University of Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Brain and Disease Research, KUL – University of Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Breton
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Carine Wouters
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KUL – University of Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Hoss F, Rodriguez-Alcazar JF, Latz E. Assembly and regulation of ASC specks. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1211-1229. [PMID: 27761594 PMCID: PMC11107573 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome adapter ASC links activated inflammasome sensors to the effector molecule pro-caspase-1. Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 to ASC promotes the autocatalytic activation of caspase-1, which leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β. Upon triggering of inflammasome sensors, ASC assembles into large helical fibrils that interact with each other serving as a supramolecular signaling platform termed the ASC speck. Alternative splicing, post-translational modifications of ASC, as well as interaction with other proteins can perturb ASC function. In several inflammatory diseases, ASC specks can be found in the extracellular space and its presence correlates with poor prognosis. Here, we review the role of ASC in inflammation, and focus on the structural mechanisms that lead to ASC speck formation, the regulation of ASC function during inflammasome assembly, and the importance of ASC specks in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hoss
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Juan F Rodriguez-Alcazar
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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32
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Park M, Kim S, Adelman JS, Leon AE, Hawley DM, Dalloul RA. Identification and functional characterization of the house finch interleukin-1β. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 69:41-50. [PMID: 27998740 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), an inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family, is primarily produced as a precursor protein by monocytes and macrophages, then matures and becomes activated through proteolytic catalysis. Although the biological characteristics of avian IL-1β are well known, little information is available about its biological role in songbird species such as house finches that are vulnerable to naturally-occurring inflammatory diseases. In this study, house finch IL-1β (HfIL-1β) was cloned, expressed, and its biological function examined. Both precursor and mature forms of HfIL-1β consisting of 269 and 162 amino acids, respectively, were amplified from total RNA of spleen and cloned into expression vectors. HfIL-1β showed high sequential and tertiary structural similarity to chicken homologue that allowed detection of the expressed mature recombinant HfIL-1β (rHfIL-1β) with anti-ChIL-1β antibody by immunoblot analysis. For further characterization, we used primary splenocytes and hepatocytes that are predominant sources of IL-1β upon stimulation, as well as suitable targets to stimulation by IL-1β. Isolated house finch splenocytes were stimulated with rHfIL-1β in the presence and absence of concanavalin A (Con A), RNA was extracted and transcript levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines and a chemokine were measured by qRT-PCR. The addition of rHfIL-1β induced significant enhancement of IL-2 transcript, a Th1 cytokine, while transcription of IL-1β and the Th2 cytokine IL-10 was slightly enhanced by rHfIL-1β treatment. rHfIL-1β also led to elevated levels of the chemokine CXCL1 and nitric oxide production regardless of co-stimulation with Con A. In addition, the production of the acute phase protein serum amyloid A and the antimicrobial peptide LEAP2 was observed in HfIL-1β-stimulated hepatocytes. Taken together, these observations revealed the basic functions of HfIL-1β including the stimulatory effect on cell proliferation, production of Th1/Th2 cytokines and acute phase proteins by immune cells, thus providing valuable insight into how HfIL-1β is involved in regulating inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongseon Park
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sungwon Kim
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - James S Adelman
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ariel E Leon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Dana M Hawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Rami A Dalloul
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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33
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Vinkel C, Thomsen SF. Autoinflammatory syndromes associated with hidradenitis suppurativa and/or acne. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:811-818. [PMID: 28345207 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoinflammatory syndromes associated with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and/or acne are rare but potentially debilitating disorders if not diagnosed and treated correctly. They share a common pathogenesis involving a dysregulated innate immune system with abnormal interleukin (IL)-1 signaling leading to sterile neutrophilic inflammation. The clinical features are recurrent episodes of fever, painful arthritis, and skin lesions consistent with HS, acne, and pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) accompanied by elevated systemic inflammatory markers in blood. So far, several clinically different syndromes have been reported in the literature including pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and pyogenic arthritis (PAPA), pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa (PASH), pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and spondyloarthritis (PASS), pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, pyogenic arthritis, and hidradenitis suppurativa (PAPASH), psoriatic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa (PsAPASH), and pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and ulcerative colitis (PAC). The rarity of the syndromes complicates the establishment of evidence-based treatment guidelines. Furthermore, treatment can be challenging due to lack of response to standard treatment modalities. Therefore, it is important to increase the awareness about these diseases in order to optimize disease management and ultimately improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Vinkel
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon F Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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34
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Peckham D, Scambler T, Savic S, McDermott MF. The burgeoning field of innate immune-mediated disease and autoinflammation. J Pathol 2016; 241:123-139. [PMID: 27682255 DOI: 10.1002/path.4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune-mediated autoinflammatory diseases are occupying an increasingly prominent position among the pantheon of debilitating conditions that afflict humankind. This review focuses on some of the key developments that have occurred since the original description of autoinflammatory disease in 1999, and focuses on underlying mechanisms that trigger autoinflammation. The monogenic autoinflammatory disease range has expanded considerably during that time, and now includes a broad spectrum of disorders, including relatively common conditions such as cystic fibrosis and subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus. The innate immune system also plays a key role in the pathogenesis of complex inflammatory disorders. We have proposed a new nomenclature to accommodate the rapidly increasing number of monogenic disorders, which predispose to either autoinflammation or autoimmunity or, indeed, combinations of both. This new terminology also encompasses a wide spectrum of genetically determined autoinflammatory diseases, with variable clinical manifestations of immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation/autoimmunity. We also explore some of the ramifications of the breakthrough discovery of the physiological role of pyrin and the search for identifiable factors that may serve to trigger attacks of autoinflammation. The evidence that pyrin, as part of the pyrin inflammasome, acts as a sensor of different inactivating bacterial modification Rho GTPases, rather than interacting directly with these microbial products, sets the stage for a better understanding of the role of microorganisms and infections in the autoinflammatory disorders. Finally, we discuss some of the triggers of autoinflammation as well as potential therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing autophagy and proteasome degradation pathways. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Peckham
- Leeds Centre for Cystic Fibrosis, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas Scambler
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael F McDermott
- National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (NIHR-LMBRU) and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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