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Dimitrijevic J, Tomovic M, Bradic J, Petrovic A, Jakovljevic V, Andjic M, Živković J, Milošević SĐ, Simanic I, Dragicevic N. Punica granatum L. (Pomegranate) Extracts and Their Effects on Healthy and Diseased Skin. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:458. [PMID: 38675119 PMCID: PMC11054180 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the botany, phytochemistry and dermatological effects of Punica granatum (PG), with special emphasis on therapeutic mechanisms in various skin conditions. PG peel contains the highest levels of chemical compounds. Due to the high abundance of polyphenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, anthocyanins and flavonoids, exhibiting strong antioxidant properties, PG peel possesses significant health-promoting effects. Up until now, different parts of PG in the form of various extracts, fixed seed oil or individual active compounds have been investigated for various effects on skin conditions in in vitro and in vivo studies, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, chemoprotective and antiaging effects, as well as positive effects on striae distensae, skin repair mechanisms, erythema, pigmentation and psoriasis. Therefore, formulations containing PG active compounds have been used for skincare of diseased and healthy skin. Only a few effects have been confirmed on human subjects. Based on encouraging results obtained in in vitro and animal studies about the numerous substantial dermatological effects of PG active compounds, future perspectives should incorporate more in vivo investigations in human volunteers. This approach can aid in identifying the optimal concentrations and formulations that would be most efficacious in addressing specific skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Dimitrijevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Marina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Jovana Bradic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Anica Petrovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.)
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Živković
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr. Josif Pancic”, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Suzana Đorđević Milošević
- Environment and Sustainable Development, Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Igor Simanic
- Specialized Hospital for Rehabilitation and Orthopedic Prosthetics, Sokobanjska 17, 11000 Beograd, Serbia;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica St., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nina Dragicevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Qian M, Ismail BB, He Q, Zhang X, Yang Z, Ding T, Ye X, Liu D, Guo M. Inhibitory mechanisms of promising antimicrobials from plant byproducts: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2523-2590. [PMID: 37070214 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant byproducts and waste present enormous environmental challenges and an opportunity for valorization and industrial application. Due to consumer demands for natural compounds, the evident paucity of novel antimicrobial agents against foodborne pathogens, and the urgent need to improve the arsenal against infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), plant byproduct compounds have attracted significant research interest. Emerging research highlighted their promising antimicrobial activity, yet the inhibitory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this review summarizes the overall research on the antimicrobial activity and inhibitory mechanisms of plant byproduct compounds. A total of 315 natural antimicrobials from plant byproducts, totaling 1338 minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) (in μg/mL) against a broad spectrum of bacteria, were identified, and a particular emphasis was given to compounds with high or good antimicrobial activity (typically <100 μg/mL MIC). Moreover, the antimicrobial mechanisms, particularly against bacterial pathogens, were discussed in-depth, summarizing the latest research on using natural compounds to combat pathogenic microorganisms and AMR. Furthermore, safety concerns, relevant legislation, consumer perspective, and current gaps in the valorization of plant byproducts-derived compounds were comprehensively discussed. This comprehensive review covering up-to-date information on antimicrobial activity and mechanisms represents a powerful tool for screening and selecting the most promising plant byproduct compounds and sources for developing novel antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Qian
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Balarabe B Ismail
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Qiao He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Ding
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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Performance and Tolerance of a Protocol for Idiopathic Chronic Greasy Seborrhea in 18 Dogs Using a Shampoo and Mousse Containing Plant Extracts. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020095. [PMID: 36851399 PMCID: PMC9960626 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the tolerance, performance and effect on hair lipids and skin hydration of a protocol combining applications of one shampoo and subsequent mousses containing plant extracts (Ophytrium and Seboliance) in dogs with an undiagnosed chronic greasy keratinisation disorder. Six dogs were washed with plain water on day (D)0. Twelve dogs were shampooed on D0 and received eight mousse applications at 48-72 h intervals from D2 to D18. Clinical score (CS), Natural Moisturizing Factors (NMF) and hair lipids (HL) were evaluated on D0, D0 + 4 h, D7, D14 and D24. At baseline, no significant differences were observed in CS, NMF and HL between groups. In the control group, CS and HL remained stable throughout the study while a slight decrease in NMF was observed at D0 + 4 h. CS was significantly reduced in the test group between D0 and D7 (-53%) which reached 91% at D24 (p < 0.05), with no side effects. NMF levels decreased in the test group at D0 + 4 h (-73%, p < 0.0001) and returned to baseline from D14. In conclusion, one shampoo and subsequent mousse applications rapidly and safely improved coat quality in dogs with an undiagnosed keratinisation disorder without affecting NMF and HL contents over the study period.
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Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of Oral Pomegranate Extract on Skin Wrinkles, Biophysical Features, and the Gut-Skin Axis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226724. [PMID: 36431201 PMCID: PMC9699032 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) has been widely used in traditional medicine and has increasingly gained popularity among consumers in order to manage different facets of health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the fruit extract of P. granatum L. on different parameters of skin health. (2) Methods: A prospective, double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted on both healthy males and females aged 25−55 years. Subjects were supplemented with a standardized punicalagin enriched oral pomegranate extract [Pomella® (Verdure Science, Noblesville, IN, USA), PE group] or a placebo (control group) daily for four weeks. Changes in wrinkle severity, facial biophysical properties, skin microbiome, and the gut microbiome were assessed. (3) Results: The PE group had significant reductions in wrinkle severity (p < 0.01) and a decreasing trend in the forehead sebum excretion rate (p = 0.14). The participants in the PE group with a higher relative abundance of Eggerthellaceae in the gut had a decrease in their facial TEWL (p < 0.05) and wrinkle severity (p = 0.058). PE supplementation led to an increase in the Staphylococcus epidermidis species and the Bacillus genus on the skin. (4) Conclusions: Overall, the study demonstrated improvements in several biophysical properties, wrinkles, and shifts in the skin microbiome with oral PE supplementation in healthy subjects.
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Jiang Z, Jin S, Fan X, Cao K, Liu Y, Wang X, Ma Y, Xiang L. Cannabidiol Inhibits Inflammation Induced by Cutibacterium acnes-Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Activation of CB2 Receptor in Keratinocytes. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4573-4583. [PMID: 35982758 PMCID: PMC9379120 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s374692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease, while cannabidiol (CBD) is a representative non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid which has been proved to exert universal anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to explore the effect of CBD on acne inflammation induced by Cutibacterium acnes-derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) in keratinocytes and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Methods Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were stimulated by CEVs in the presence of CBD or vehicle. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were examined by RT-PCR and ELISA. The expression of cannabinoid type-2 (CB2) receptor and transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) was detected by Western blotting. TNF-α levels in the presence of CB2 receptor antagonist (AM630) or TRPV1 antagonist (Capsazepine) were detected by RT-PCR. The activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 upon CBD treatment were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. Results The expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) in CEVs-stimulated NHEKs was suppressed by CBD. CB2 receptor expression was upregulated by CBD, whereas CEVs-promoted TRPV1 expression was downregulated by CBD. AM630 reversed TNF-α levels inhibited by CBD. Capsazepine exerted an inhibitory effect on CEVs-induced inflammation and had synergistic effect with CBD. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 were induced by CEVs but reduced by CBD. Conclusion The results indicated that CBD could inhibit inflammation induced by CEVs in NHEKs, which was mediated by activation of CB2 receptor and enhanced by the TRPV1 antagonist, through inactivation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. CBD might be a potential novel strategy for acne treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanglin Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
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Ruan SF, Hu Y, Wu WF, Du QQ, Wang ZX, Chen TT, Shen Q, Liu L, Jiang CP, Li H, Yi Y, Shen CY, Zhu HX, Liu Q. Explore the Anti-Acne Mechanism of Licorice Flavonoids Based on Metabonomics and Microbiome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:832088. [PMID: 35211023 PMCID: PMC8861462 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.832088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common inflammatory dermatoses in dermatological practice and can affect any gender or ethnic group. Although in previous studies, we had found that licorice flavonoids (LCF) play an anti-acne role by inhibiting PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and mitochondrial activity, the mechanism of LCF regulating skin metabolism, serum metabolism and skin microbes is still unclear. Here, we performed a full spectrum analysis of metabolites in the skin and serum using UHPLC-Triple TOF-MS. The results showed that LCF could treat acne by regulating the metabolic balance of amino acids, lipids and fatty acids in serum and skin. Similarly, we performed Illumina Hiseq sequencing of DNA from the skin microbes using 16S ribosomal DNA identification techniques. The results showed that LCF could treat acne by regulating the skin microbes to interfere with acne and make the microecology close to the normal skin state of rats. In summary, this study confirmed the anti-acne mechanism of LCF, namely by regulating metabolic balance and microbial balance. Therefore, this discovery will provide theoretical guidance for the preparation development and clinical application of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Fa Ruan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Feng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun-Qun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu-Xian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui-Ping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yankui Yi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Patel DK. Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities, and Analytical Aspects of Strictinin: A Mini-Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 17:86-94. [PMID: 35770392 DOI: 10.2174/2772434417666220628153913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants and their derived products have been used in history as food and medicine. Plant materials are rich sources of fiber, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive phytochemicals, which are useful for human beings. Strictinin is an important phytoconstituent of green tea. METHODS Present work mainly focuses on the biological importance, therapeutic potential, and pharmacological activities of strictinin in medicine. Numerous scientific data have been collected from various literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus database in order to realize the health beneficial potential of strictinin. Pharmacological data has been collected and analyzed in the present work to find the effectiveness of strictinin against human disorders and complications. Analytical data of strictinin has been also collected and analyzed in the present work. RESULTS Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance of strictinin in medicine. Scientific data analysis signified the therapeutic benefit of strictinin mainly due to its anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activity. However, enzymatic activities, cytotoxicity, effectiveness on skin disorders, and osteogenic potential of strictinin have also been discussed. Analytical data revealed the importance of modern analytical techniques in medicine for the separation, identification, and isolation of strictinin. CONCLUSION Present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefits of strictinin in medicine and other allied health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Li Y, Zhu L, Guo C, Xue M, Xia F, Wang Y, Jia D, Li L, Gao Y, Shi Y, He Y, Yuan C. Dietary Intake of Hydrolyzable Tannins and Condensed Tannins to Regulate Lipid Metabolism. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1789-1802. [PMID: 34967286 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666211229112223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorder is a multifactor issue, which contributes to several serious health consequences, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver etc. Tannins, applied as natural derived plant, are commonly used in the study of lipid metabolism disease with excellent safety and effectiveness, while producing less toxic and side effects. Meanwhile, recognition of the significance of dietary tannins in lipid metabolism disease prevention has increased. As suggested by existing evidence, dietary tannins can reduce lipid accumulation, block adipocyte differentiation, enhance antioxidant capacity, increase the content of short-chain fatty acids, and lower blood lipid levels, thus alleviating lipid metabolism disorder. This study is purposed to sum up and analyze plenty of documents on tannins, so as to provide the information required to assess the lipid metabolism of tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Li
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Leiqi Zhu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Chong Guo
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Mengzhen Xue
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Fangqi Xia
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Dengke Jia
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Luoying Li
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yuming He
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges, Yichang, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of China Three Gorges, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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Comparison of Topical Herbal Cream and 1% Clindamycin Gel for Treatment of Mild-to-moderate Acne: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.114810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acne is the most common chronic skin disease affecting young adults and adolescents worldwide. A characteristic of this disease is the chronic inflammation of sebaceous glands leading to comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. Topical and systemic uses of medicines are common approaches to treat acne. However, these medicines are associated with some adverse effects and increased microbial resistance. Objectives: We aimed to prepare and apply an herbal formulation containing several herbs with different effects on mechanisms associated with acne formation. Methods: In this study, 66 patients with mild-to-moderate acne randomly received a packet containing herbal medicine or clindamycin gel. The treatment period was two months, and the total acne lesions and acne severity index were measured every four weeks. After eight weeks of treatment and follow-up, the physician examined clinical outcomes and possible complications. Results: Decreases in total acne lesions and acne severity index were significantly different in both treatment groups (P < 0.05 in both groups). Although the herbal cream provided better improvement than clindamycin, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The use of the herbal cream could be recommended for treating acne lesions due to few complications, greater patient satisfaction, and avoiding microbial resistance to chemical antimicrobials.
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Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. In the present study, we reported the anti-acne vulgaris effect of the Mesua ferrea (M. ferrea) flower extract. The extract was evaluated for three anti-acne-causing bacteria properties including Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results indicated that the M. ferrea flower extract could be considered as the bactericidal agent against S. epidermidis and S. aureus with MIC values of 0.78 and 6.25 mg mL−1 and MBC values of 1.56 and 12.50 mg mL−1 and the bacteriostatic agent against C. acnes with MIC and MBC values of 3.12 and 25.00 mg mL−1, respectively. The extract at a concentration of 25 µg mL−1 also presented potent anti-inflammatory activity with a significant decrease of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α productions in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells stimulated by LPS. In addition, the extract showed moderate to weak anti-oxidative capacities against DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO assays and also showed weak anti-tyrosinase activity. M. ferrea flower extract may serve as the alternative natural anti-acne formulations.
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Pasalar M, Tabatabaei F, Bradley R, Tajadini H, Kamali M, Hasheminasab FS, Parvizi MM. Mechanistic support of traditional Persian medicine for the treatment of acne vulgaris: A scoping review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:2338-2348. [PMID: 34564932 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin diseases, which also contributes to many psychological problems. Despite the recent progress in the treatment of acne vulgaris, the necessity for discovering more effective solutions has motivated many lines of research on natural and medicinal plants. The Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) introduced some plants and remedies for acne treatment. Given the universal welcome for herbal medicine, this review was performed to formally assess the evidence for herbal medicines for acne vulgaris in TPM. METHODS The medicinal plants used in this study for treating acne vulgaris were selected based on common references to the plants in five famous textbooks of TPM from different time periods. Then, the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of these medicinal plants were investigated according to the recent literature available in five electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. RESULTS Twenty-one herbs were commonly references in traditional TPM texts as helpful for topical treatment of acne vulgaris. The data collected from the electronic databases demonstrated most of these plants (eg, Astragalus sarcocolla, Ficus carica, and Hordeum vulgare) have both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial mechanisms, which may assist to treat acne vulgaris. CONCLUSION This scoping review demonstrated many medicinal plants recommended by TPM books have therapeutic potential for acne vulgaris via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Haleh Tajadini
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohadese Kamali
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Hasheminasab
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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12
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Saha P, Bhowmick J, Saha A. Formulation and organoleptic evaluation of Poly Herbal Cream of Punica, Neem, Carrot & Jamun as Active Ingredients. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.03.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Assuming that herbal preparation is better with fewer side effects than synthetics, natural treatments are more effective than allopathy in terms of side effects for better human body healing. Herbal products have a growing demand in the world market, and the plants have been reported in the literature as having various pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic. The purpose of this study was to develop anti-aging poly-herbal cream by mixing the extract of Punica leaf, Neem Oil, Jamun powder, Carrot powder as the main ingredient, and then creams were developed based on the anti-oxidant ability of herbal extracts and performed their evaluation study. Punica granatam leaves were shade dried and extracted using the Soxhlet method with different solvents such as n-hexane, benzene, and alcohol. Fine extract powder was collected and removed distilled water thoroughly. The cream was formulated into different concentrations, namely F1, F2, F3, and F4. Similar types of research with similar components have been reported, but in this experiment, the formulation is different, and this work is kept cost-efficient and straightforward; it's an attempt to reduce few components and prepare cream and evaluate its potential. According to The International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use ICH guidelines, the cream was stable during stability studies, and F3 turned out to be a better formulation than the other three.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Saha
- Corresponding author Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Seacom Skills University, Bolpur, Birbhum – 731235, WB
| | | | - Anupam Saha
- Graduated M.Pharm, Pharmacology, NSHM College Of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, B.L. Rd, Kolkata - 700053, WB
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13
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Almowallad S, Huwait E, Al-Massabi R, Saddeek S, Gauthaman K, Prola A. Punicalagin Regulates Key Processes Associated with Atherosclerosis in THP-1 Cellular Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E372. [PMID: 33171640 PMCID: PMC7695206 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the primary cause of death globally. In addition to conventional therapeutics for CVD, use of nutraceuticals that prevents cholesterol deposition, reduce existing plaques and hence anti-atherosclerotic effects of nutraceuticals appeared to be promising. As such, in the present study we evaluated the beneficial effects of punicalagin, a phytochemical against an atherosclerotic cell model in vitro. Cytotoxicity assays were examined for 10 µM concentration of punicalagin on THP-1 macrophages. Real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) expressions. Monocyte migration and cholesterol efflux assays were performed to investigate punicalagin's further impact on the key steps of atherosclerosis. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated no significant toxicity for punicalagin (10 µM) on THP-1 macrophages. Punicalagin inhibited the IFN-γ-induced overexpression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in macrophages by 10 fold and 3.49 fold, respectively, compared to the control. Punicalagin also reduced the MCP-1- mediated migration of monocytes by 28% compared to the control. Percentages of cellular cholesterol efflux were enhanced in presence or absence of IFN-γ by 88% and 84% compared to control with 58 %and 62%, respectively. Punicalagin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Punicalagin also did not exhibit any cytotoxicity and therefore can be considered a safe and potential candidate for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Etimad Huwait
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Al-Massabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Saddeek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-M.); (S.S.)
- Cell Culture Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalamegam Gauthaman
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandre Prola
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland;
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Lee CJ, Huang CW, Chen LG, Wang CC. (+)- Erythro-Δ 8'-7 S,8 R-Dihydroxy-3,3',5'-Trimethoxy-8- O-4'-Neolignan, an Anti-Acne Component in Degreasing Myristica fragrans Houtt. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194563. [PMID: 33036279 PMCID: PMC7582466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne is a common skin condition observed in adolescents. Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) (MF) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine; its major toxic components, safrole and myristicin, are rich in essential oils. Essential oils of MF (MFO) were extracted by hydrodistillation; the residue was extracted using 50% methanol (MFE-M). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MFE-M against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus was 0.64 mg. Four compounds were obtained from MFE-M: myristicin (1), (+)-erythro-Δ8′-7S,8R- dihydroxy-3,3,5′-trimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan (2), (+)-erythro-Δ8’-7-hydroxy-3,4,3’,5’-tetramethoxy 8-O-4-neolignan (3), and erythro-Δ8′-7-acetoxy-3,4,3′,5′-tetramethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan (4). Compound 2 exerted the strongest antimicrobial activity, with MICs of 6.25 and 3.12 μg/mL against C. acnes and S. aureus, respectively. Moreover, 2 inhibited NO, PGE2, iNOS, and COX-2 levels in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS or heat-killed C. acnes; NO production at 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) was 11.07 and 11.53 μg/mL, respectively. Myristicin and safrole content was higher in MFO than in MFE-M. MFO and MFE-M caused no skin irritation after a single topical application in Wistar rats. MFE-M, with low safrole and myristicin content, did not cause skin irritation and exhibited an anti-acne effect; moreover, 2 was identified as the active substance. Therefore, MFE-M could be employed to develop anti-acne compounds for use in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Lee
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661 or +886-2-27366161
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Chen LW, Chung HL, Wang CC, Su JH, Chen YJ, Lee CJ. Anti-Acne Effects of Cembrene Diterpenoids from the Cultured Soft Coral Sinularia flexibilis. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18100487. [PMID: 32992719 PMCID: PMC7601839 DOI: 10.3390/md18100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a skin disease common in adolescents and increasingly common in the adult population. The major pathologic events of acne vulgaris include increased sebum production, retention hyperkeratosis, carrying commensal skin microbiota, and inflammation. In recent years, more than 10,000 compounds have been isolated and identified from marine organisms. The aim of this study was to discover the potential anti-acne activity of fraction 9 + 10 (SF-E) of Sinularia flexibilis extract and six cembrene diterpenoids. We found that the SF-E significantly reduced Cutibacterium acnes-induced edema in Wistar rat ears. The cembrene diterpenoids including 11-dehydrosinulariolide (SC-2), 3,4:8,11-bisepoxy-7-acetoxycembra-15(17)-en-1,12-olide (SC-7), and sinularin (SC-9) reduced nitric oxide (NO) production with 50% inhibitory concentration of 5.66 ± 0.19, 15.25 ± 0.25, and 3.85 ± 0.25 μM, respectively, and inducible NO synthase expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, treatment with SC-2, SC-7, and SC-9 significantly suppressed lipopolysaccharide- and heat-killed C. acnes-induced expression of proteins involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in both RAW 264.7 and HaCaT cells. After treatment with SC-2, SC-7, and SC-9, over-proliferation of HaCaT cells was significantly terminated. In summary, SC-2, SC-7, and SC-9 showed anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that these cembrene diterpenoids obtained from S. flexibilis are natural marine products with potential anti-acne activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.C.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Chinese Herbal Pharmacy, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Lien Chung
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11042, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.C.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11042, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11042, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.C.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-W.C.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy Science, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11042, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11042, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 6185)
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16
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Zhao J, Wang Y, Jiang L, Mu YZ. The application of skin care product in acne treatment. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14287. [PMID: 32897611 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a kind of chronic inflammatory skin disease, which is common in the hair follicle and sebaceous gland of teenagers. It often recurs and affects the quality of life of patients. Acne itself can cause the damage of skin barrier function. On the other hand, common acne treatment methods, such as external drugs, systemic drugs, physical, and chemical treatment, can also lead to the damage of skin barrier function and affect the treatment effect. The application of skin care in the adjuvant treatment of acne has been widely concerned. Due to their high safety, good tolerance, and the effect of improving the damaged skin barrier, medical skin care products are a hot spot in the treatment of cosmetic skin diseases in recent years. It can not only increase the curative effect, reduce the side effects, but also increase the compliance of patients when combined with conventional acne treatment. In this article, skin care products and their application in acne treatment were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yun-Zhu Mu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
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17
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Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Barrajón-Catalán E, Encinar JA, Rodríguez-Díaz JC, Micol V. Antimicrobial Capacity of Plant Polyphenols against Gram-positive Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2576-2606. [PMID: 30295182 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181008115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-drug-resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disseminate rapidly amongst patients in healthcare facilities and suppose an increasingly important cause of community-associated infections and associated mortality. The development of effective therapeutic options against resistant bacteria is a public health priority. Plant polyphenols are structurally diverse compounds that have been used for centuries for medicinal purposes, including infections treatment and possess, not only antimicrobial activity, but also antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities among others. Based on the existing evidence on the polyphenols' antibacterial capacity, polyphenols may be postulated as an alternative or complementary therapy for infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE To review the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols against Gram-positive bacteria, especially against S. aureus and its resistant strains. Determine the main bacterial molecular targets of polyphenols and their potential mechanism of action. METHODOLOGY The most relevant reports on plant polyphenols' antibacterial activity and their putative molecular targets were studied. We also performed virtual screening of thousand different polyphenols against proteins involved in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis to find potential valuable bioactive compounds. The bibliographic information used in this review was obtained from MEDLINE via PubMed. RESULTS Several polyphenols: phenolic acids, flavonoids (especially flavonols), tannins, lignans, stilbenes and combinations of these in botanical mixtures, have exhibited significant antibacterial activity against resistant and non-resistant Gram-positive bacteria at low μg/mL range MIC values. Their mechanism of action is quite diverse, targeting cell wall, lipid membrane, membrane receptors and ion channels, bacteria metabolites and biofilm formation. Synergic effects were also demonstrated for some combinations of polyphenols and antibiotics. CONCLUSION Plant polyphenols mean a promising source of antibacterial agents, either alone or in combination with existing antibiotics, for the development of new antibiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - José Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz
- Microbiology Section, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain.,CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Spain
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18
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Hydrogel thickened microemulsion; a local cargo for the co- delivery of cinnamaldehyde and berberine to treat acne vulgaris. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Effect of polyherbal microemulsion on Staphylococcus epidermidis: Formulation development, CCD based optimization, characterization, and antibacterial activity by scanning electron microscopy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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20
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Chukwuma CI, Mashele SS, Akuru EA. Evaluation of the in vitro ⍺-amylase inhibitory, antiglycation, and antioxidant properties of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) fruit peel acetone extract and its effect on glucose uptake and oxidative stress in hepatocytes. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13175. [PMID: 32160327 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) is a widely eaten fruit. The antidiabetic, antioxidative, and antilipidemic properties of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the different plant's parts have been extensively studied, with scarce information on the acetone extract (ACE). This study investigated antidiabetic, antioxidative, and antiobesogenic properties of ACE of the fruit peel. Preliminary data showed that ACE showed stronger antioxidant (radical-scavenging IC50 = 1.56 μg/ml) and ⍺-amylase inhibitory (IC50 = 10.6 μg/ml) properties than the hydroalcoholic extracts and Acarbose. The ACE inhibited protein glycation and lipase activity. In hepatocytes, ACE impaired oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione depletion but increased glucose uptake without decreasing the cell viability. HPLC analysis showed predominant presence of bioactive phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, and gallic acids) in this extract. This study suggests that ACE of P. granatum fruit peel may be an understudied extract that contains potent antidiabetic and antioxidative bioactive principles with minimal toxicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant derived medicines have been an affordable and effective alternative therapy for many metabolic diseases, including diabetes. The fruit juice and fruits of pomegranate is widely consumed for the palatable taste and cardiovascular benefits. This study provides preliminary experimental evidences confirming that of the acetone extracts of pomegranate fruit peel, which has been sparsely studied, may possess more potent antidiabetic and antioxidative property than to the routinely studied hydroalcoholic counterparts. Additionally, the acetone extract is rich in bioactive phenolic acids, suggesting that the acetone extract of pomegranate fruit peel may be a promising candidate for further antidiabetic study and a source of bioactive principles for the management of diabetes and oxidative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Ifeanyi Chukwuma
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Samson S Mashele
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Eunice Amaka Akuru
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.,Department of Animal Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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22
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Henning SM, Yang J, Lee RP, Huang J, Hsu M, Thames G, Gilbuena I, Long J, Xu Y, Park EH, Tseng CH, Kim J, Heber D, Li Z. Pomegranate Juice and Extract Consumption Increases the Resistance to UVB-induced Erythema and Changes the Skin Microbiome in Healthy Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14528. [PMID: 31601842 PMCID: PMC6787198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that topical application and oral consumption of pomegranate reduces UVB-induced skin damage. We therefore investigated if oral pomegranate consumption will reduce photodamage from UVB irradiation and alter the composition of the skin microbiota in a randomized controlled, parallel, three-arm, open label study. Seventy-four female participants (30–45 years) with Fitzpatrick skin type II-IV were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 1000 mg of pomegranate extract (PomX), 8 oz of pomegranate juice (PomJ) or placebo for 12 weeks. Minimal erythema dose (MED) and melanin index were determined using a cutometer (mexameter probe). Skin microbiota was determined using 16S rRNA sequencing. The MED was significantly increased in the PomX and PomJ group compared to placebo. There was no significant difference on phylum, but on family and genus level bacterial composition of skin samples collected at baseline and after 12 week intervention showed significant differences between PomJ, PomX and placebo. Members of the Methylobacteriaceae family contain pigments absorbing UV irradiation and might contribute to UVB skin protection. However, we were not able to establish a direct correlation between increased MED and bacterial abundance. In summary daily oral pomegranate consumption may lead to enhanced protection from UV photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jieping Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ru-Po Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mark Hsu
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Gail Thames
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Irene Gilbuena
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jianfeng Long
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yunhui Xu
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Esther HaeIn Park
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chi-Hong Tseng
- Department of Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jenny Kim
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - David Heber
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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23
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Du L, Li J, Zhang X, Wang L, Zhang W, Yang M, Hou C. Pomegranate peel polyphenols inhibits inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via the suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:3392. [PMID: 31073284 PMCID: PMC6495109 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.3392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Inflammatory response mediated by activated immune cells is a vital process in host defense system while responding to various stresses. Our previous studies have indicated that pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPPs) and their main components punicalagin (PC) and ellagic acid (EA) decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway, but whether these tested polyphenols play an important role in NF-κB signaling pathway, another crucial pathway of inflammation, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE In this study, we analyzed the anti-inflammatory effect of these polyphenols via TLR4-NF-κB pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. METHODS Different concentrations of PPPs, PC, and EA were pre-incubated with RAW264.7 macrophages and then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL), and the effects of reactive oxygen species and TLR4 were investigated. Moreover, NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation, and degradation of IκB were measured by Western blot. Furthermore, the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Our data showed that PPPs, PC, and EA inhibited LPS-induced intracellular ROS production and suppressed the mRNA and protein expression levels of TLR4 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory mechanism was involved in blocking LPS-induced phosphorylation, degradation of IκB, and nuclear translocation of p65. Additionally, PPPs and PC exhibited a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than that of EA. CONCLUSION The results indicated that PPPs possess potent anti-inflammatory effect, and PC was the main effective component in PPPs, which provided new insights into the utilization of PPPs to prevent inflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food & Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xitong Zhang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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Akhtar S, Ismail T, Layla A. Pomegranate Bioactive Molecules and Health Benefits. BIOACTIVE MOLECULES IN FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78030-6_78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ansari S. History of acne vulgaris and topical drugs in Unani medicine. ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_128_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Les F, Arbonés-Mainar JM, Valero MS, López V. Pomegranate polyphenols and urolithin A inhibit α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, lipase, triglyceride accumulation and adipogenesis related genes in 3T3-L1 adipocyte-like cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 220:67-74. [PMID: 29604377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pomegranate fruit is considered an antidiabetic medicine in certain systems of traditional medicine. In addition, pomegranate polyphenols are known as powerful antioxidants with beneficial effects such as the reduction of oxidative / inflammatory stress and the increase of protective signalling such as antioxidant enzymes, neurotrophic factors and cytoprotective proteins. AIM OF THE STUDY This work evaluates the effects of pomegranate juice, its main polyphenols known as ellagic acid and punicalagin, as well as its main metabolite urolithin A, on physiological and pharmacological targets of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this purpose, enzyme inhibition bioassays of lipase, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 were carried out in cell-free systems. Similarly, adipocytes derived from 3T3-L1 cells were employed to study the effects of ellagic acid, punicalagin and urolithin A on adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. RESULTS Pomegranate juice, ellagic acid, punicalagin and urolithin A were able to inhibit lipase, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Furthermore, all tested compounds but significantly the metabolite urolithin A displayed anti-adipogenic properties in a dose-dependent manner as they significantly reduced TG accumulation and gene expression related to adipocyte formation such as adiponectin, PPARγ, GLUT4, and FABP4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CONCLUSION These results may explain from a molecular perspective the beneficial effects and traditional use of pomegranate in the prevention of metabolic-associated disorders such as obesity, diabetes and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Les
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego (Zaragoza) Spain; Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Miguel Arbonés-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Sofía Valero
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego (Zaragoza) Spain.
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Insights into Natural Products in Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030644. [PMID: 29495321 PMCID: PMC5877505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, Hsieh MS, Wang CC. Inhibitory effects of punicalagin from Punica granatum against type II collagenase-induced osteoarthritis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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