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Margariti A, Papakonstantinou VD, Stamatakis GM, Demopoulos CA, Machalia C, Emmanouilidou E, Schnakenburg G, Nika MC, Thomaidis NS, Philippopoulos AI. First-Row Transition Metal Complexes Incorporating the 2-(2'-pyridyl)quinoxaline Ligand (pqx), as Potent Inflammatory Mediators: Cytotoxic Properties and Biological Activities against the Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) and Thrombin. Molecules 2023; 28:6899. [PMID: 37836742 PMCID: PMC10574351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators constitute a recently coined term in the field of metal-based complexes with antiplatelet activities. Our strategy targets Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) and its receptor, which is the most potent lipid mediator of inflammation. Thus, the antiplatelet (anti-PAF) potency of any substance could be exerted by inhibiting the PAF-induced aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRPs), which internationally is a well-accepted methodology. Herein, a series of mononuclear (mer-[Cr(pqx)Cl3(H2O]) (1), [Co(pqx)Cl2(DMF)] (2) (DMF = N,N'-dimethyl formamide), [Cu(pqx)Cl2(DMSO)] (3) (DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide), [Zn(pqx)Cl2] (4)) and dinuclear complexes ([Mn(pqx)(H2O)2Cl2]2 (5), [Fe(pqx)Cl2]2 (6) and [Ni(pqx)Cl2]2 (7)) incorporating the 2-(2'-pyridyl)quinoxaline ligand (pqx), were biologically evaluated as inhibitors of the PAF- and thrombin-induced aggregation in washed rabbit platelets (WRPs). The molecular structure of the five-co-ordinate analog (3) has been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealing a trigonal bipyramidal geometry. All complexes are potent inhibitors of the PAF-induced aggregation in WRPs in the micromolar range. Complex (6) displayed a remarkable in vitro dual inhibition against PAF and thrombin, with IC50 values of 1.79 μM and 0.46 μM, respectively. Within the series, complex (5) was less effective (IC50 = 39 μM) while complex (1) was almost 12-fold more potent against PAF, as opposed to thrombin-induced aggregation. The biological behavior of complexes 1, 6 and 7 on PAF's basic metabolic enzymatic pathways reveals that they affect key biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of PAF underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of the relevant complexes. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of all complexes in HEK293T (human embryonic kidney cells) and HeLa cells (cervical cancer cells) are described via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results reveal that complex 3 is the most potent within the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Margariti
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vasiliki D. Papakonstantinou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - George M. Stamatakis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Christina Machalia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Evangelia Emmanouilidou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (V.D.P.); (G.M.S.); (C.A.D.); (C.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Maria-Christina Nika
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.N.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Nikolaos S. Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.N.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Athanassios I. Philippopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
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Antiproliferative Ruthenium Complexes Containing Curcuminoid Ligands Tested In Vitro on Human Ovarian Tumor Cell Line A2780, towards Their Capability to Modulate the NF-κBTranscription Factor, FGF-2 Growth Factor, and MMP-9 Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144565. [PMID: 35889441 PMCID: PMC9322753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, the polyphenolic components of turmeric have shown a significant pharmacological preventative activity for a wide spectrum of diseases, including oncological disorders. This type of natural product could be of great interest for the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, displaying less side effects in comparison to classical chemotherapeutics. The poor bioavailability and quick metabolism of such natural compounds require new investigative methods to improve their stability in the organisms. A synthetic approach to increase the efficiency of curcuminoids is to coordinate them to metals through the beta-dicarbonyl moiety. We report the synthesis and the biological attempts on human ovarian carcinoma A2780 of ruthenium(II) complexes 1–4, containing curcuminoid ligands. The cytotoxicity of complexes 1–4 proves their antiproliferative capability, and a correlation between the IC50 values and NF-κB transcription factor, FGF-2, and MMP-9 levels was figured out through the principal component analysis (PCA).
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de Oliveira Neto J, Marinho MM, Silveira JADM, Rocha DG, Lima NCB, Gouveia Júnior FS, Lopes LGDF, de Sousa EHS, Martins AMC, Marinho AD, Jorge RJB, Monteiro HSA. Synthesis and potential vasorelaxant effect of a novel ruthenium-based nitro complex. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 228:111666. [PMID: 34923187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the synthesis and potential vasodilator effect of a novel ruthenium complex, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)(NO2)]PF6 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and 2-MIM = 2-methylimidazole) (FOR711A), containing an imidazole derivative via an in silico molecular docking model using β1 H-NOX (Heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding) domain proteins of reduced and oxidized soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). In addition, pharmacokinetic properties in the human organism were predicted through computational simulations and the potential for acute irritation of FOR711A was also investigated in vitro using the hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM). FOR711A interacted with sites of the β1 H-NOX domain of reduced and oxidized sGC, demonstrating shorter bond distances to several residues and negative values of total energy. The predictive study revealed molar refractivity (RM): 127.65; Log Po/w = 1.29; topological polar surface area (TPSA): 86.26 Å2; molar mass (MM) = 541.55 g/mol; low solubility, high unsaturation index, high gastrointestinal absorption; toxicity class 4; failure to cross the blood-brain barrier and to react with cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. After the HET-CAM assay, the FOR711A complex was classified as non-irritant (N.I.) and its vasodilator effect was confirmed through greater evidence of blood vessels after the administration and ending of the observation period of 5 min. These results suggest that FOR711A presented a potential stimulator/activator effect of sGC via NO/sGC/cGMP. However, results indicate it needs a vehicle for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselito de Oliveira Neto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Márcia Machado Marinho
- State University of Ceará, Iguatu Faculty of Education, Science and Letters, Iguatu, CE, Brazil
| | - João Alison de Moraes Silveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Danilo Galvão Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Natália Cavalcante Barbosa Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Aline Diogo Marinho
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Helena Serra Azul Monteiro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1127, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 1000, 60.430-275 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Yu L, Guo Y, Chang Z, Zhang D, Zhang S, Pei H, Pang J, Zhao ZJ, Chen Y. Bidirectional Interaction Between Cancer Cells and Platelets Provides Potential Strategies for Cancer Therapies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:764119. [PMID: 34722319 PMCID: PMC8551800 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.764119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential components in the tumor microenvironment. For decades, clinical data have demonstrated that cancer patients have a high risk of thrombosis that is associated with adverse prognosis and decreased survival, indicating the involvement of platelets in cancer progression. Increasing evidence confirms that cancer cells are able to induce production and activation of platelets. Once activated, platelets serve as allies of cancer cells in tumor growth and metastasis. They can protect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) against the immune system and detachment-induced apoptosis while facilitating angiogenesis and tumor cell adhesion and invasion. Therefore, antiplatelet agents and platelet-based therapies should be developed for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional cancer-platelet crosstalk and platelet-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Yu
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiguang Chang
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dengyang Zhang
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanzhong Pei
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhizhuang Joe Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Yun Chen
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Ghanbari-Movahed M, Jackson G, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. A Systematic Review of the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Naringin Against Human Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639840. [PMID: 33854437 PMCID: PMC8039459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural product-based cancer preventive and therapeutic entities, such as flavonoids and their derivatives, are shown to have a noticeable capability to suppress tumor formation and cancer cell growth. Naringin, a natural flavanone glycoside present in various plant species, has been indicated to modulate different signaling pathways and interact with numerous cell signaling molecules, which allows for an extensive variety of pharmacological actions, such as amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic syndromes, bone disorders, and cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to present a critical and comprehensive assessment of the antitumor ability of naringin and associated molecular targets in various cancers. Methods: Studies were identified through systematic searches of Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus as well as eligibility checks according to predefined selection criteria. Results: Eighty-seven studies were included in this systematic review. There was strong evidence for the association between treatment with naringin alone, or combined with other drugs and antitumor activity. Additionally, studies showed that naringin-metal complexes have greater anticancer effects compared to free naringin. It has been demonstrated that naringin employs multitargeted mechanisms to hamper cancer initiation, promotion, and progression through modulation of several dysregulated signaling cascades implicated in cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Conclusion: The results of our work show that naringin is a promising candidate for cancer prevention and treatment, and might offer substantial support for the clinical application of this phytocompound in the future. Nevertheless, further preclinical and clinical studies as well as drug delivery approaches are needed for designing novel formulations of naringin to realize the full potential of this flavonoid in cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Gloria Jackson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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Kalampalidis A, Peppas A, Schnakenburg G, Papakyriakou A, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I, Philippopoulos AI. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activity of an organometallic rhodium(I) complex incorporating a substituted thieno‐[2,3‐
d
]‐pyrimidine ligand: Synthesis, structural characterization, and molecular docking calculations. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kalampalidis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Anastasios Peppas
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Athanasios Papakyriakou
- Institute of Biosciences & Applications National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos” Athens Greece
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Athanassios I. Philippopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
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Hsia CH, Jayakumar T, Sheu JR, Hsia CW, Huang WC, Velusamy M, Lien LM. Synthetic Ruthenium Complex TQ-6 Potently Recovers Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: Attenuation of Microglia and Platelet Activation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040996. [PMID: 32252398 PMCID: PMC7230480 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated microglia are crucial in the regulation of neuronal homeostasis and neuroinflammation. They also contribute to neuropathological processes after ischemic stroke. Thus, finding new approaches for reducing neuroinflammation has gained considerable attention. The metal ruthenium has gained notable attention because of its ability to form new complexes that can be used in disease treatment. [Ru(η6-cymene)2-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-quinoline Cl]BF4 (TQ-6), a potent ruthenium (II)-derived compound, was used in this study to investigate its neuroprotective action against microglia activation, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced embolic stroke, and platelet activation, respectively. TQ-6 (2 μM) potently diminished inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)) expression, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and hydroxyl radical (OH•) formation in LPS-stimulated microglia. Conversely, TQ-6 increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, it significantly reduced brain infarct volume and edema in MCAO mice. Additionally, it drastically inhibited platelet aggregation and OH• production in mice platelets. This study confirmed that TQ-6 exerts an anti-neuroinflammatory effect on microglia activation through neuroprotection, antiplatelet activation, and free radical scavenging. The authors propose that TQ-6 might mitigate neurodegenerative pathology by inhibiting the NF-κB-mediated downstream pathway (iNOS and COX-2) and enhancing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling molecules in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.J.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.J.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.J.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Chih-Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.J.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (T.J.); (J.-R.S.); (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Marappan Velusamy
- Department of Chemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India;
| | - Li-Ming Lien
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-283-322-11 (ext. 2071)
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Potential anticancer applications of the novel naringin-based ruthenium (II) complex. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:181. [PMID: 31065481 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium seems to be a promising alternative to platinum because of the wide range of oxidation states it has and its ability to form complexes with bioactive ligands. In this study, naringin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, was used to synthesize a novel ruthenium complex with potential anticancer activity. The characterization of the synthesized complex was done by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and NMR studies. In addition, the complex was tested against Human A549 cell lines to determine the anticancer effect, and against human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) to find any underlying toxicity. Further, the morphological changes of the cancer cells can be determined by using bio-atomic force microscopy. Results showed that the synthesized complex was able to induce anticancer effects against A549 with minimal impact to HDFa. In this study, we investigated the anticancer properties of naringin-ruthenium (II) complex using live- and dead-cell staining assay, MTT, Trypan blue, and lactate dehydrogenase assay. Further, morphological changes were observed in the A549 cells using Bio-AFM. The Bio-AFM results have proven the better cytotoxic behavior of naringin-ruthenium (II) complex. The cell viability results also provided the anticancer efficacy of the complex.
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Beheshti A, McDonald JT, Miller J, Grabham P, Costes SV. GeneLab Database Analyses Suggest Long-Term Impact of Space Radiation on the Cardiovascular System by the Activation of FYN Through Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030661. [PMID: 30717456 PMCID: PMC6387434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Space radiation has recently been considered a risk factor for astronauts’ cardiac health. As an example, for the case of how to query and identify datasets within NASA’s GeneLab database and demonstrate the database utility, we used an unbiased systems biology method for identifying key genes/drivers for the contribution of space radiation on the cardiovascular system. This knowledge can contribute to designing appropriate experiments targeting these specific pathways. Microarray data from cardiomyocytes of male C57BL/6 mice followed-up for 28 days after exposure to 900 mGy of 1 GeV proton or 150 mGy of 1 GeV/n 56Fe were compared to human endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured for 7 days on the International Space Station (ISS). We observed common molecular pathways between simulated space radiation and HUVECs flown on the ISS. The analysis suggests FYN is the central driver/hub for the cardiovascular response to space radiation: the known oxidative stress induced immediately following radiation would only be transient and would upregulate FYN, which in turn would reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, protecting the cardiovascular system. The transcriptomic signature of exposure to protons was also much closer to the spaceflight signature than 56Fe’s signature. To our knowledge, this is the first time GeneLab datasets were utilized to provide potential biological indications that the majority of ions on the ISS are protons, clearly illustrating the power of omics analysis. More generally, this work also demonstrates how to combine animal radiation studies done on the ground and spaceflight studies to evaluate human risk in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Beheshti
- WYLE Labs, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field CA 94035, USA.
| | - J Tyson McDonald
- Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
| | - Jack Miller
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Peter Grabham
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Sylvain V Costes
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
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Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology of Strokes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124103. [PMID: 30567346 PMCID: PMC6321196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke, an important neurological disease, is becoming an increasingly non-communicable ailment and is the second leading cause of death after coronary heart disease in developed countries [...].
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