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Elgendy M, Tamada H, Taira T, Iio Y, Kawamura A, Kunogi A, Mizutani Y, Kiyama H. Dynamic changes in endoplasmic reticulum morphology and its contact with the plasma membrane in motor neurons in response to nerve injury. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 396:71-84. [PMID: 38311679 PMCID: PMC10997708 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) extends throughout a cell and plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Changes in ER shape could provide a clue to explore the mechanisms that underlie the fate determination of neurons after axon injury because the ER drastically changes its morphology under neuronal stress to maintain cellular homeostasis and recover from damage. Because of their tiny structures and richness in the soma, the detailed morphology of the ER and its dynamics have not been well analysed. In this study, the focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) analysis was performed to explore the ultra-structures of the ER in the somata of motor neuron with axon regenerative injury models. In normal motor neurons, ER in the somata is abundantly localised near the perinucleus and represents lamella-like structures. After injury, analysis of the ER volume and ER branching points indicated a collapse of the normal distribution and a transformation from lamella-like structures to mesh-like structures. Furthermore, accompanied by ER accumulation near the plasma membrane (PM), the contact between the ER and PM (ER-PM contacts) significantly increased after injury. The accumulation of extended-synaptotagmin 1 (E-Syt1), a tethering protein of the ER and PM that regulates Ca2+-dependent lipid transfer, was also identified by immunohistochemistry and quantitative Real-time PCR after injury. These morphological alterations of ER and the increase in ER-PM contacts may be crucial events that occur in motor neurons as a resilient response for the survival after axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elgendy
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hiromi Tamada
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
- Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicines, University of Fukui, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Takaya Taira
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuma Iio
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akinobu Kawamura
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ayusa Kunogi
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuka Mizutani
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyama
- Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
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Li S, Zhao J, Han G, Zhang X, Li N, Zhang Z. Silicon dioxide-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress of alveolar macrophages and its role on the formation of silicosis fibrosis: a review article. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:1024-1033. [PMID: 38145097 PMCID: PMC10734631 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a chronic lung inflammatory disease induced by long-term inhalation of high concentrations of silicon dioxide (SiO2), characterized by pulmonary fibrosis. Inhalation of silica invades alveolar macrophages (AMs) and changes the micro-environment of the cell, resulting in abnormal morphology and dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Once beyond the range of cell regulation, the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) will occur, which will lead to cell damage, necrosis, and apoptosis, eventually causing silicosis fibrosis through various mechanisms. This is a complex and delicate process accompanied by various macrophage-derived cytokines. Unfortunately, the details have not been systematically summarized yet. In this review, we systematically introduce the basic two processes: the process of inducing ERS by inhaling SiO2 and the process of inducing pulmonary fibrosis by ERS. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the above two sequential events is also be discussed. We conclude that the ERS of alveolar macrophages caused by silica dust are involved deeply in the pathogenesis of silicosis. Therefore, changing the states of SiO2-induced ERS of macrophage may be an attractive therapeutic target for silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Baotong west Street 7166, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guizhi Han
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
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Li Z, Liu X, Zhang K, Zhao H, Luo P, Li D, Liu Z, Yuan H, Zhang B, Xie X, Shen C. Role and Mechanism of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction After Severe Burns. J Burn Care Res 2023; 44:1231-1240. [PMID: 36869805 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted to investigate the role and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the islet dysfunction in mice after severe burns. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the sham group, burn group, and burn+4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) group. Mice were burned with full thickness of 30% total surface area (TBSA), and 4-PBA solution was intraperitoneally injected into mice in burn+4-PBA group. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glucose tolerance were detected 24 hours post severe burns. The ER stress-related pathway markers immunoglobulin binding protein (BIP), X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), phosphorylation-PKR-like ER kinase (p-PERK), phosphorylation-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), CHOP, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), apoptosis-related protein Cleaved-Caspase 3, and islet cell apoptosis were measured. Mice were characterized with elevated FBG, decreased glucose tolerance and GSIS levels post severe burns. The expression of BIP, XBP1, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, CHOP, ATF6, Cleaved-Caspase 3, and islet cell apoptosis were increased significantly after severe burns. 4-PBA treatment contributed to decreased FBG, improved glucose tolerance, increased GSIS, inhibited islet ER stress, and reduced pancreatic islet cell apoptosis in mice post severe burns. ER stress occurs in islets of severely burned mice, which leads to increased apoptosis of islet cells, thus resulting in islet dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Li
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhu Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxing Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huageng Yuan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoye Xie
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan'an Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang W, Guan J, Feng Y, Nie L, Xu Y, Xu H, Fu F. Polystyrene microplastics induced nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in juvenile rats. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1059660. [PMID: 36687698 PMCID: PMC9853403 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1059660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Unintended intake of microplastic particles has been demonstrated to exert adverse health effects, however, studies on relevant nephrotoxicity in juvenile mammals are lacking. Methods Therefore, we investigated the potential nephrotoxicity of oral-exposed polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) (1,000 nm, 2.0 mg/kg/d) for 28 days in juvenile rats. Levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in kidneys were analyzed. Results and discussion Results revealed that PSMPs noticeably decreased the growth rate of bodyweight, and organ index of the kidney, cardiac, and ovary. The intestinal injury caused by PSMPs exposure was also observed, which was distinctly alleviated with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and Salubrinal (Sal) treatment compared with the single PSMPs group. PSMPs caused histological lesions of the kidney via disrupting the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), and pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, PSMPs exposure induced ER stress and inflammation presumably potentially mediated by oxidative stress in kidneys of rats. Eventually, PSMPs also promoted renal cells apoptosis, manifested as an obvious increase in the number of positive cells for the dUTP nick end labeling of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, which also can be confirmed by the elevated expression of genes associated with apoptosis Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-12, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and IHC score of Caspase-12 in the PSMPs group. Supplementation of NAC and Sal not only ameliorated the PSMPs-induced oxidative stress and ER stress but also the inflammation and apoptosis in the kidney. Collectively, this study suggested that PSMPs caused nephrotoxicity in juvenile rats potentially through oxidative damage and ER stress, which call for greater efforts to be taken on regulating the PSMPs ingestion in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiafu Guan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yueying Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liju Nie
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Hengyi Xu, ,
| | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Fen Fu,
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Milani M, Pihán P, Hetz C. Mitochondria-associated niches in health and disease. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:285141. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The appreciation of the importance of interorganelle contacts has steadily increased over the past decades. Advances in imaging, molecular biology and bioinformatic techniques allowed the discovery of new mechanisms involved in the interaction and communication between organelles, providing novel insights into the inner works of a cell. In this Review, with the mitochondria under the spotlight, we discuss the most recent findings on the mechanisms mediating the communication between organelles, focusing on Ca2+ signaling, lipid exchange, cell death and stress responses. Notably, we introduce a new integrative perspective to signaling networks that is regulated by interorganelle interactions – the mitochondria-associated niches – focusing on the link between the molecular determinants of contact sites and their functional outputs, rather than simply physical and structural communication. In addition, we highlight the neuropathological and metabolic implications of alterations in mitochondria-associated niches and outline how this concept might improve our understanding of multi-organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Milani
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
| | - Philippe Pihán
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile 1 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO) 2 , Santiago 7750000 , Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile 3 , Santiago 8380000 , Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging 4 , Novato, CA 94945 , USA
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Cui X, Cui M. Glabridin induces paraptosis-like cell death via ER stress in breast cancer cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10607. [PMID: 36158101 PMCID: PMC9489725 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glabridin, a polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the root of the glycyrrhiza glabra, has been demonstrated to have anti-tumor properties in human malignancies. This study found that glabridin decreased the viability of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells in a dose-dependent manner that was not involved in the caspase-3 cascade. Glabridin promoted the formation of extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation by increasing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers BiP, XBP1s, and CHOP. The transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence with the ER chaperon KDEL suggested that the vacuoles were derived from ER. Glabridin-induced vacuolation was blocked when protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide, demonstrating that protein synthesis is crucial for this process. Furthermore, we determined that glabridin causes loss of mitochondrial membrane potential as well as the production of reactive oxygen species, both of which lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. These features are consistent with a kind of programmed cell death described as paraptosis. This work reports for the first time that glabridin could induce paraptosis-like cell death, which may give new therapeutic approaches for apoptosis-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cui
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China.,Postdoctoral Research Station, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
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Chen F, Sun J, Chen C, Zhang Y, Zou L, Zhang Z, Chen M, Wu H, Tian W, Liu Y, Xu Y, Luo H, Zhu M, Yu J, Wang Q, Wang K. Quercetin Mitigates Methamphetamine-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior Through Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:829886. [PMID: 35295707 PMCID: PMC8919775 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.829886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) abuse results in neurotoxic outcomes, including increased anxiety and depression. Studies have reported an association between MA exposure and anxiety, nonetheless, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we developed a mouse model of anxiety-like behavior induced by MA administration. RNA-seq was then performed to profile the gene expression patterns of hippocampus (HIPP), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in signaling pathways related to psychiatric disorders and mitochondrial function. Based on these, mitochondria was hypothesized to be involved in MA-induced anxiety. Quercetin, as a mitochondrial protector, was used to investigate whether to be a potential treatment for MA-induced anxiety; accordingly, it alleviated anxiety-like behavior and improved mitochondrial impairment in vivo. Further experiments in vitro suggested that quercetin alleviated the dysfunction and morphological abnormalities of mitochondria induced by MA, via decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increasing the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production. Moreover, the study examined the effect of quercetin on astrocytes activation and neuroinflammation, and the results indicated that it significantly attenuated the activation of astrocytes and reduced the levels of IL-1β, TNFα but not IL-6. In light of these findings, quantitative evidence is presented in the study supporting the view that MA can evoke anxiety-like behavior via the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. Quercetin exerted antipsychotic activity through modulation of mitochondrial function and neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential for further therapeutic development in MA-induced anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengrong Chen
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaxue Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Center for Experimental Studies and Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Organ Transplant, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The School of Foreign Languages, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huayou Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juehua Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Center for Experimental Studies and Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tianhua College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Nelson VK, Paul S, Roychoudhury S, Oyeyemi IT, Mandal SC, Kumar N, Ravichandiran V, Pal M. Heat Shock Factors in Protein Quality Control and Spermatogenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2022; 1391:181-99. [PMID: 36472823 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of cellular protein quality control is crucial for cellular health. It appears that the protein quality control machinery is subjected to distinct regulation in different cellular contexts such as in somatic cells and in germ cells. Heat shock factors (HSFs) play critical role in the control of quality of cellular proteins through controlling expression of many genes encoding different proteins including those for inducible protein chaperones. Mammalian cells exert distinct mechanism of cellular functions through maintenance of tissue-specific HSFs. Here, we have discussed different HSFs and their functions including those during spermatogenesis. We have also discussed the different heat shock proteins induced by the HSFs and their activities in those contexts. We have also identified several small molecule activators and inhibitors of HSFs from different sources reported so far.
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Tu HP, Kuo CY, Fu MM, Chin YT, Chiang CY, Chiu HC, Hsia YJ, Fu E. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside downregulates ligation-activated endoplasmic reticulum stress and alleviates induced periodontal destruction in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 134:105313. [PMID: 34861463 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), a dietary anthocyanin, possesses various biological properties, including alleviating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This study examined the effect of C3G on periodontitis via ER stress in rats. DESIGN Periodontitis was induced by placing silk sutures around maxillary second molars. C3G (0, 3, or 9 mg/kg) was fed on the day before ligation (10 rats/group). Further, 10 non-ligation control rats received deionized water. On day 8, gingivae were obtained to determine CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phospho-JNK (p-JNK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by immunoblotting. Periodontal destruction was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histology. RESULTS Gingival expression of CHOP, p-JNK/JNK, and NF-κB significantly increased in ligation rats (0 mg/kg C3G) than that in controls. However, protein expression in ligation groups presented a negative association with C3G concentration. By μCT, the distance of cemento-enamel junction to bone significantly increased in ligation groups; however, distances showed a negative association with C3G concentration. In the region of interest, bone volume and trabecular thickness and number significantly decreased in ligation groups but they were positively associated with C3G concentration. In terms of trabecular separation, opposite results were found. Histologically, infiltrated connective tissue (ICT) and periodontal destructions increased in ligation groups; however, they were negatively associated with C3G concentration. Moreover, ICT area is positively correlated with μCT- and histologically measured destructions and protein expression of CHOP, p-JNK/JNK, or NF-κB. CONCLUSION C3G promotes favorable modulation of ER stress and alleviates destruction of periodontitis, which may imply a new strategy.
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Gai Y, Li L, Liu B, Ma H, Chen Y, Zheng F, Sun X, Wang M, Jiao C, Li H. Distinct and essential roles of bZIP transcription factors in the stress response and pathogenesis in Alternaria alternata. Microbiol Res 2021; 256:126915. [PMID: 34953292 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ability to cope with environmental abiotic stress and biotic stress is crucial for the survival of plants and microorganisms, which enable them to occupy multiple niches in the environment. Previous studies have shown that transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating various biological processes including multiple stress tolerance and response in eukaryotes. This work identified multiple critical transcription factor genes, metabolic pathways and gene ontology (GO) terms related to abiotic stress response were broadly activated by analyzing the transcriptome of phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata under metal ions stresses, oxidative stress, salt stresses, and host-pathogen interaction. We investigated the biological functions and regulatory roles of the bZIP transcriptional factor (TF) genes in the phytopathogenic fungus A.alternata by analyzing targeted gene disrupted mutants. Morphological analysis provides evidence that the bZIP transcription factors (Gcn4, MeaB, Atf1, the ER stress regulator Hac1, and the all development altered-1 gene Ada1) are required for morphogenesis as the colony morphology of these gene deletion mutants was significantly different from that of the wild-type. In addition, bZIPs are involved in the resistance to multiple stresses such as oxidative stress (Ada1, Yap1, MetR) and virulence (Hac1, MetR, Yap1, Ada1) at varying degrees. Transcriptome data demonstrated that the inactivation of bZIPs (Hac1, Atf1, Ada1 and Yap1) significantly affected many genes in multiple critical metabolism pathways and gene ontology (GO) terms. Moreover,the ΔHac1 mutants displayed reduced aerial hypha and are hypersensitivity to endoplasmic reticulum disruptors such as tunicamycin and dithiothreitol. Transcriptome analysis showed that inactivation of Hac1 significantly affected the proteasome process and its downstream unfolded protein binding, indicating that Hac1 participates in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response through the conserved unfolded protein response. Taken together, our findings reveal that bZIP transcription factors function as key regulators of fungal morphogenesis, abiotic stress response and pathogenesis, and expand our understanding of how microbial pathogens utilize these genes to deal with environmental stresses and achieve successful infection in the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Gai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Haijie Ma
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuepeng Sun
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongye Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Li B, Cheng X, Aierken A, Du J, He W, Zhang M, Tan N, Kou Z, Peng S, Jia W, Tang H, Hua J. Melatonin Promotes the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating TGF-β Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722365. [PMID: 34722505 PMCID: PMC8554153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence proves the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, the problems have not been solved that viability of ADMSCs were inconsistent and the cells quickly undergo senescence after in vitro cell culture. In addition, the therapeutic effect of ADMSCs is still not satisfactory. In this study, melatonin (MLT) was added to canine ADMSC culture medium, and the treated cells were used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our research reveals that adding MLT to ADMSC culture medium can promote the viability of ADMSCs. This effect depends on the binding of MLT and MLT receptors, which activates the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway and then changes the cell cycle of ADMSCs and improves the viability of ADMSCs. Since ADMSCs were found to be used to treat T2DM by anti-inflammatory and anti-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress capabilities, our data demonstrate that MLT augment several effects of ADMSCs in remission hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and liver glycogen metabolism in T2DM patients. This suggest that ADMSCs and MLT-ADMSCs is safe and vabulable for pet clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balun Li
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xuedi Cheng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Aili Aierken
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Xianyang, China.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenlai He
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zheng Kou
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Wenwen Jia
- Shanghai East Hospital, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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12
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Guo Y, Hao D, Hu H. High doses of dexamethasone induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by promoting calcium ion influx-dependent CHOP expression in osteoblasts. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7841-7851. [PMID: 34698990 PMCID: PMC8604853 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The long-term use of dexamethasone (Dex), a well-known immunosuppressant, leads to an imbalance in bone metabolism and rapid decline of bone mineral density due to apoptosis of osteoblasts. The molecular mechanisms by which Dex induces osteoblast apoptosis remain unclear. Materials and methods MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 0, 10−8, 10−6, and 10−4 M Dex for 24 h. ATF6, phosphorylated PERK, PERK, phosphorylated IRE1, and IRE1 expression, cell apoptosis, and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activity were measured. CHOP expression and calcium ion influx rate were measured in cells treated with 0 and 10−4 M Dex for 24 h. The effect of 2-APB treatment was assessed in cells treated with 0 or 10−4 M Dex. Results Levels of ATF6 and phosphorylated PERK and IRE1 increased in a dose-dependent manner in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 10−8, 10−6, and 10−4 M Dex, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 10−6 and 10−4 M Dex had significantly increased apoptotic rates and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activities (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 10−4 M Dex had significantly increased CHOP levels and calcium ion influx rates (P < 0.05). Combined treatment with 10−4 M Dex and 2-APB abrogated the observed increases in cell apoptosis and caspase-12 and caspase-3 activities (P < 0.05). Conclusions High doses of Dex induce CHOP expression by promoting calcium ion influx-dependent induction of ATF6, phosphorylated PERK and phosphorylated IRE1, which induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in osteoblasts. 2-APB protects the osteoblasts from the effects of Dex, preventing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Proulx J, Park IW, Borgmann K. Cal'MAM'ity at the Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Interface: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurodegeneration and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:715945. [PMID: 34744606 PMCID: PMC8566765 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.715945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle and serves as the primary site for intracellular calcium storage, lipid biogenesis, protein synthesis, and quality control. Mitochondria are responsible for producing the majority of cellular energy required for cell survival and function and are integral for many metabolic and signaling processes. Mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) are direct contact sites between the ER and mitochondria that serve as platforms to coordinate fundamental cellular processes such as mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics, calcium and lipid homeostasis, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and intracellular stress responses. Given the importance of MAM-mediated mechanisms in regulating cellular fate and function, MAMs are now known as key molecular and cellular hubs underlying disease pathology. Notably, neurons are uniquely susceptible to mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular stress, which highlights the importance of MAMs as potential targets to manipulate MAM-associated mechanisms. However, whether altered MAM communication and connectivity are causative agents or compensatory mechanisms in disease development and progression remains elusive. Regardless, exploration is warranted to determine if MAMs are therapeutically targetable to combat neurodegeneration. Here, we review key MAM interactions and proteins both in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We further discuss implications of MAMs in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), as MAMs have not yet been explored in this neuropathology. These perspectives specifically focus on mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium dysregulation and ER stress as notable MAM-mediated mechanisms underlying HAND pathology. Finally, we discuss potential targets to manipulate MAM function as a therapeutic intervention against neurodegeneration. Future investigations are warranted to better understand the interplay and therapeutic application of MAMs in glial dysfunction and neurotoxicity.
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Liang D, Khoonkari M, Avril T, Chevet E, Kruyt FAE. The unfolded protein response as regulator of cancer stemness and differentiation: Mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114737. [PMID: 34411568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive mechanism that regulates protein and cellular homeostasis. Three endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane localized stress sensors, IRE1, PERK and ATF6, coordinate the UPR in order to maintain ER proteostasis and cell survival, or induce cell death when homeostasis cannot be restored. However, recent studies have identified alternative functions for the UPR in developmental biology processes and cell fate decisions under both normal and cancerous conditions. In cancer, increasing evidence points towards the involvement of the three UPR sensors in oncogenic reprogramming and the regulation of tumor cells endowed with stem cell properties, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), that are considered to be the most malignant cells in tumors. Here we review the reported roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of the three UPR sensors in regulating stemness and differentiation, particularly in solid tumor cells, processes that have a major impact on tumor aggressiveness. Mainly PERK and IRE1 branches of the UPR were found to regulate CSCs and tumor development and examples are provided for breast cancer, colon cancer and aggressive brain tumors, glioblastoma. Although the underlying mechanisms and interactions between the different UPR branches in regulating stemness in cancer need to be further elucidated, we propose that PERK and IRE1 targeted therapy could inhibit self-renewal of CSCs or induce differentiation that is predicted to have therapeutic benefit. For this, more specific UPR modulators need to be developed with favorable pharmacological properties that together with patient stratification will allow optimal evaluation in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Khoonkari
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tony Avril
- INSERM U1242, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France; Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Dänicke S, Heymann AK, Oster M, Wimmers K, Tesch T, Bannert E, Bühler S, Kersten S, Frahm J, Kluess J, Kahlert S, Rothkötter HJ, Billenkamp F. Does chronic dietary exposure to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol affect the porcine hepatic transcriptome when an acute-phase response is initiated through first or second-pass LPS challenge of the liver? Innate Immun 2021; 27:388-408. [PMID: 34338001 PMCID: PMC8419296 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity of pigs to deoxynivalenol (DON) might be increased by systemic inflammation (SI), which also has consequences for hepatic integrity. Liver lesions and a dys-regulated gene network might hamper hepatic handling and elimination of DON whereby the way of initiation of hepatic inflammation might play an additional role. First and second-pass exposure of the liver with LPS for triggering a SI was achieved by LPS infusion via pre- or post-hepatic venous route, respectively. Each infusion group was pre-conditioned either with a control diet (0.12 mg DON/kg diet) or with a DON-contaminated diet (4.59 mg DON/kg diet) for 4 wk. Liver transcriptome was evaluated at 195 min after starting infusions. DON exposure alone failed to modulate the mRNA expression significantly. However, pre- and post-hepatic LPS challenges prompted transcriptional responses in immune and metabolic levels. The mRNAs for B-cell lymphoma 2-like protein 11 as a key factor in apoptosis and IFN-γ released by T cells were clearly up-regulated in DON-fed group infused with LPS post-hepatically. On the other hand, mRNAs for nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2, IFN-α and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α kinase 3 as ribosomal stress sensors were exclusively up-regulated in control pigs with pre-hepatic LPS infusion. These diverse effects were traced back to differences in TLR4 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Dänicke
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Heymann
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Michael Oster
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Germany
| | - Tanja Tesch
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Erik Bannert
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Susanne Bühler
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Susanne Kersten
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Jana Frahm
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Jeannette Kluess
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
| | - Stefan Kahlert
- Institute of Anatomy, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Billenkamp
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Germany
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Park SM, Kang TI, So JS. Roles of XBP1s in Transcriptional Regulation of Target Genes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070791. [PMID: 34356855 PMCID: PMC8301375 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The spliced form of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) is an active transcription factor that plays a vital role in the unfolded protein response (UPR). Under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unspliced Xbp1 mRNA is cleaved by the activated stress sensor IRE1α and converted to the mature form encoding spliced XBP1 (XBP1s). Translated XBP1s migrates to the nucleus and regulates the transcriptional programs of UPR target genes encoding ER molecular chaperones, folding enzymes, and ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) components to decrease ER stress. Moreover, studies have shown that XBP1s regulates the transcription of diverse genes that are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and immune responses. Therefore, XBP1s has been considered an important therapeutic target in studying various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. XBP1s is involved in several unique mechanisms to regulate the transcription of different target genes by interacting with other proteins to modulate their activity. Although recent studies discovered numerous target genes of XBP1s via genome-wide analyses, how XBP1s regulates their transcription remains unclear. This review discusses the roles of XBP1s in target genes transcriptional regulation. More in-depth knowledge of XBP1s target genes and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in the future will help develop new therapeutic targets for each disease.
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Wang Y, Gao S, Gao S, Li N, Xie B, Shen X. Blocking the interaction between interleukin-17A and endoplasmic reticulum stress in macrophage attenuates retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:82. [PMID: 33933165 PMCID: PMC8088655 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neovascularization is a leading cause of visual loss typically associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress both have been demonstrated to play a proangiogenic role in ischemic retinopathies. However, the relationship between IL-17A and ER stress in retinal neovascularization (RNV) under hypoxic conditions and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS In this study, oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice model was established and intravitreal injections were conducted. Changes of IL-17A and ER stress markers in retinas and cultured primary bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions were detected. Western blotting, Real-Time RT-PCR, Immunofluorescence assays were conducted to explore the roles and relationship of IL-17A and ER stress in RNV, as well as its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Compared to that in normal controls, IL-17A and ER stress markers were all remarkably increased under hypoxic conditions both in vivo and in vitro. Neutralization or knock out of IL-17A decreased ER stress. ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), attenuated the production of IL-17A, suggesting a positive feedback loop between IL-17A and ER stress. Inhibition of IL-17A or ER stress decreased areas of nonperfusion and neovascularization in OIR retinas. As TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway activation has been demonstrated to be involved in increased retinal vascular permeability of ischemic retinopathy, we observed that TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway mediated in the interaction between IL-17A and ER stress under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION The interplay between IL-17A and ER stress contributes to RNV in macrophages via modulation of TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions. The feedback loops may become an innovative and multiple pharmacological therapeutic target for ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nuo Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Sha Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Wang YL, Lee YH, Hsu YH, Chiu IJ, Huang CCY, Huang CC, Chia ZC, Lee CP, Lin YF, Chiu HW. The Kidney-Related Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Human Kidney Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells HK-2 and Male C57BL/6 Mice. Environ Health Perspect 2021; 129:57003. [PMID: 33956507 PMCID: PMC8101928 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the epidemic of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology may be critical for health policies and public health responses. Recent studies have shown that microplastics (MPs) contaminate our food chain and accumulate in the gut, liver, kidney, muscle, and so on. Humans manufacture many plastics-related products. Previous studies have indicated that particles of these products have several effects on the gut and liver. Polystyrene (PS)-MPs (PS-MPs) induce several responses, such as oxidative stress, and affect living organisms. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PS-MPs in kidney cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS PS-MPs were evaluated in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) and male C57BL/6 mice. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and autophagy were analyzed in kidney cells. In vivo, we evaluated biomarkers of kidney function, kidney ultrastructure, muscle mass, and grip strength, and urine protein levels, as well as the accumulation of PS-MPs in the kidney tissue. RESULTS Uptake of PS-MPs at different concentrations by HK-2 cells resulted in higher levels of mitochondrial ROS and the mitochondrial protein Bad. Cells exposed to PS-MPs had higher ER stress and markers of inflammation. MitoTEMPO, which is a mitochondrial ROS antioxidant, mitigated the higher levels of mitochondrial ROS, Bad, ER stress, and specific autophagy-related proteins seen with PS-MP exposure. Furthermore, cells exposed to PS-MPs had higher protein levels of LC3 and Beclin 1. PS-MPs also had changes in phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (AKT)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (mTOR) signaling pathways. In an in vivo study, PS-MPs accumulated and the treated mice had more histopathological lesions in the kidneys and higher levels of ER stress, inflammatory markers, and autophagy-related proteins in the kidneys after PS-MPs treatment by oral gavage. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PS-MPs caused mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, inflammation, and autophagy in kidney cells and accumulated in HK-2 cells and in the kidneys of mice. These results suggest that long-term PS-MPs exposure may be a risk factor for kidney health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Li Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsin Kuo Min Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cathy Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Huang
- Department of Photonics, Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Chun Chia
- Department of Photonics, Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pei Lee
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Amodio G, Pagliara V, Moltedo O, Remondelli P. Structural and Functional Significance of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response Transducers and Chaperones at the Mitochondria-ER Contacts: A Cancer Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641194. [PMID: 33842465 PMCID: PMC8033034 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has emerged as a key coordinator of cellular homeostasis, thanks to its physical interconnection to almost all intracellular organelles. In particular, an intense and mutual crosstalk between the ER and mitochondria occurs at the mitochondria–ER contacts (MERCs). MERCs ensure a fine-tuned regulation of fundamental cellular processes, involving cell fate decision, mitochondria dynamics, metabolism, and proteostasis, which plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis and therapeutic response of cancer cells. Intriguingly, recent studies have shown that different components of the unfolded protein response (UPR) machinery, including PERK, IRE1α, and ER chaperones, localize at MERCs. These proteins appear to exhibit multifaceted roles that expand beyond protein folding and UPR transduction and are often related to the control of calcium fluxes to the mitochondria, thus acquiring relevance to cell survival and death. In this review, we highlight the novel functions played by PERK, IRE1α, and ER chaperones at MERCs focusing on their impact on tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Amodio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valentina Pagliara
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Ornella Moltedo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
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Fernandes P, Miotto B, Saint-Ruf C, Said M, Barra V, Nähse V, Ravera S, Cappelli E, Naim V. FANCD2 modulates the mitochondrial stress response to prevent common fragile site instability. Commun Biol 2021; 4:127. [PMID: 33514811 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Common fragile sites (CFSs) are genomic regions frequently involved in cancer-associated rearrangements. Most CFSs lie within large genes, and their instability involves transcription- and replication-dependent mechanisms. Here, we uncover a role for the mitochondrial stress response pathway in the regulation of CFS stability in human cells. We show that FANCD2, a master regulator of CFS stability, dampens the activation of the mitochondrial stress response and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction. Genetic or pharmacological activation of mitochondrial stress signaling induces CFS gene expression and concomitant relocalization to CFSs of FANCD2. FANCD2 attenuates CFS gene transcription and promotes CFS gene stability. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial stress-dependent induction of CFS genes is mediated by ubiquitin-like protein 5 (UBL5), and that a UBL5-FANCD2 dependent axis regulates the mitochondrial UPR in human cells. We propose that FANCD2 coordinates nuclear and mitochondrial activities to prevent genome instability.
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21
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Santiago J, Santos MAS, Fardilha M, Silva JV. Stress response pathways in the male germ cells and gametes. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:1-13. [PMID: 31814009 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a conserved and essential cellular pathway involved in protein quality control that is activated in response to several cellular stressors such as diseases states, ageing, infection and toxins. The cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are continuously exposed to new proteins and in situations of aberrant protein folding; one of three lines of defence may be activated: (i) heat-shock response, (ii) mitochondrial UPR and (iii) ER UPR. These pathways lead to different signal transduction mechanisms that activate or upregulate transcription factors that, in turn, regulate genes that increase the cell's ability to correct the conformation of poorly folded proteins or, ultimately, lead to apoptosis. Despite the recent progress in understanding such biological processes, few studies have focused on the implications of the UPR in male infertility, highlighting the need for a first approach concerning the presence of these components in the male reproductive system. In testis, there is a high rate of protein synthesis, and the UPR mechanisms are well described. However, the presence of these mechanisms in spermatozoa, apparently transcriptionally inactive cells, is contentious, and it is unclear how sperm cells deal with stress. Here, we review current concepts and mechanisms of the UPR and highlight the relevance of these stress response pathways in male fertility, especially the presence and functional activation of those components in male germinal cells and spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Santiago
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A S Santos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Fardilha
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J V Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Reproductive Genetics and Embryo-fetal Development Group, Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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22
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Chianese R, Pierantoni R. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production Alters Sperm Quality. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:92. [PMID: 33440836 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides ATP production, mitochondria are key organelles in several cellular functions, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, calcium homoeostasis, intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite the loss of the majority of the cytoplasm occurring during spermiogenesis, mammalian sperm preserves a number of mitochondria that rearrange in a tubular structure at the level of the sperm flagellum midpiece. Although sperm mitochondria are destroyed inside the zygote, the integrity and the functionality of these organelles seem to be critical for fertilization and embryo development. The aim of this review was to discuss the impact of mitochondria-produced ROS at multiple levels in sperm: the genome, proteome, lipidome, epigenome. How diet, aging and environmental pollution may affect sperm quality and offspring health—by exacerbating oxidative stress—will be also described.
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Lv B, Yang HL, Peng YD, Wang J, Zeng Z, Li N, Tang YE, Wang Z, Song QS. Cadmium exposure alters expression of protective enzymes and protein processing genes in venom glands of the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115847. [PMID: 33130443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is currently the most serious type of heavy metal pollution throughout the world. Previous studies have shown that Cd elevates the mortality of paddy field spiders, but the lethal mechanism remains to be explored profoundly. In the present study, we measured the activities of protective enzymes (acetylcholinesterase, glutathione peroxidase, phenol oxidase) and a heavy metal chelating protein (metallothionein) in the pond wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata after Cd exposure. The results indicated that Cd initially increased the enzyme activities and protein concentration of the spider after 10- and 20-day exposure before inhibiting them at 30-day exposure. Further analysis showed that the enzyme activities in the cephalothorax were inhibited to some extent. Since the cephalothorax region contains important venom glands, we performed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of the venom glands collected from the spiders after long-term Cd exposure. RNA-seq yielded a total of 2826 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and most of the DEGs were annotated into the process of protein synthesis, processing and degradation. Furthermore, a mass of genes involved in protein recognition and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) -associated protein degradation were down-regulated. The reduction of protease activities supports the view that protein synthesis and degradation in organelles and cytoplasm were dramatically inhibited. Collectively, our outcomes illustrate that Cd poses adverse effects on the expression of protective enzymes and protein, which potentially down-regulates the immune function in the venom glands of the spiders via the alteration of protein processing and degradation in the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lv
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Hui-Lin Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-de Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-E Tang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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24
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Ricciardi CA, Gnudi L. The endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in kidney disease: Implications for vascular growth factors. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12910-12919. [PMID: 33067928 PMCID: PMC7701511 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) represent an important challenge for healthcare providers. The identification of new biomarkers/pharmacological targets for kidney disease is required for the development of more effective therapies. Several studies have shown the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD. ER is a cellular organelle devolved to protein biosynthesis and maturation, and cellular detoxification processes which are activated in response to an insult. This review aimed to dissect the cellular response to ER stress which manifests with activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) with its major branches, namely PERK, IRE1α, ATF6 and the interplay between ER and mitochondria in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. Further, we will discuss the relationship between mediators of renal injury (with specific focus on vascular growth factors) and ER stress and UPR in the pathophysiology of both AKI and CKD with the aim to propose potential new targets for treatment for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Alberto Ricciardi
- King's College of London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Section Vascular Biology and Inflammation, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Luigi Gnudi
- King's College of London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Section Vascular Biology and Inflammation, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
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25
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Gioran A, Chondrogianni N. Mitochondria (cross)talk with proteostatic mechanisms: Focusing on ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 190:111324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Turpin J, Frumence E, Harrabi W, Haddad JG, El Kalamouni C, Desprès P, Krejbich-Trotot P, Viranaïcken W. Zika virus subversion of chaperone GRP78/BiP expression in A549 cells during UPR activation. Biochimie 2020; 175:99-105. [PMID: 32464166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses replicate in membranous factories associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Significant levels of flavivirus polyprotein integration contribute to ER stress and the host cell may exhibit an Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) to this protein accumulation, stimulating appropriate cellular responses such as adaptation, autophagy or cell death. These different stress responses support other antiviral strategies initiated by infected cells and can help to overcome viral infection. In epithelial A549 cells, a model currently used to study the flavivirus infection cycle and the host cell responses, all three pathways leading to UPR are activated during infection by Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow Fever virus (YFV) or West Nile virus (WNV). In the present study, we investigated the capacity of ZIKA virus (ZIKV) to induce ER stress in A549 cells. We observed that the cells respond to ZIKV infection by implementing an UPR through activation of the IRE1 and PERK pathway without activation of the ATF6 branch. By modulating the ER stress response, we found that UPR inducers significantly inhibit ZIKV replication. Interestingly, our findings provide evidence that ZIKV could manipulate the UPR to escape this host cell defence system by downregulating GRP78/BiP expression. This subversion of GRP78 expression could lead to unresolved and persistent ER stress which can be a benefit for virus growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Etienne Frumence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Wissal Harrabi
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Juliano G Haddad
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Chaker El Kalamouni
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Wildriss Viranaïcken
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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Li W, Cao T, Luo C, Cai J, Zhou X, Xiao X, Liu S. Crosstalk between ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and inflammation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6129-40. [PMID: 32447438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a protective response to restore protein homeostasis by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, UPR can trigger cell death under severe and/or persistently high ERS. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a complex of multiple proteins that activates the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in a caspase-1-dependent manner to participate in the regulation of inflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome involvement in ERS-induced inflammation has not been completely described. The intersection of ERS with multiple inflammatory pathways can initiate and aggravate chronic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERS-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is the pathological basis of various inflammatory diseases. In this review, we have discussed the networks between ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome, with the view to identifying novel therapeutic targets in inflammatory diseases. KEY POINTS: • Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is an important factor for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes that results in pathological processes. • ERS can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome to induce inflammatory responses via oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and NF-κB activation. • The interactions between ERS and NLRP3 inflammasome are associated with inflammation, which represent a potential therapeutic opportunity of inflammatory diseases.
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Abstract
Ever increasing environmental presence of cadmium as a consequence of industrial activities is considered a health hazard and is closely linked to deteriorating global health status. General animal and human cadmium exposure ranges from ingestion of foodstuffs sourced from heavily polluted hotspots and cigarette smoke to widespread contamination of air and water, including cadmium-containing microplastics found in household water. Cadmium is promiscuous in its effects and exerts numerous cellular perturbations based on direct interactions with macromolecules and its capacity to mimic or displace essential physiological ions, such as iron and zinc. Cell organelles use lipid membranes to form complex tightly-regulated, compartmentalized networks with specialized functions, which are fundamental to life. Interorganellar communication is crucial for orchestrating correct cell behavior, such as adaptive stress responses, and can be mediated by the release of signaling molecules, exchange of organelle contents, mechanical force generated through organelle shape changes or direct membrane contact sites. In this review, cadmium effects on organellar structure and function will be critically discussed with particular consideration to disruption of organelle physiology in vertebrates.
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29
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Somparn P, Boonkrai C, Charngkaew K, Chomanee N, Hodge KG, Fenton RA, Pisitkun T, Khositseth S. Bilateral ureteral obstruction is rapidly accompanied by ER stress and activation of autophagic degradation of IMCD proteins, including AQP2. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F135-F147. [PMID: 31736351 PMCID: PMC7054639 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00113.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
After the release of bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO), postobstructive diuresis from an impaired urine concentration mechanism is associated with reduced aquaporin 2 (AQP2) abundance in the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this AQP2 reduction is incompletely understood. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon, we studied molecular changes in IMCDs isolated from rats with 4-h BUO or sham operation at the early onset of AQP2 downregulation using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Two-hundred fifteen proteins had significant changes in abundances, with 65% of them downregulated in the IMCD of 4-h BUO rats compared with sham rats. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that significantly changed proteins were associated with functional Gene Ontology terms, including “cell-cell adhesion,” “cell-cell adherens junction,” “mitochondrial inner membrane,” “endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex,” and the KEGG pathway of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry or immunoblot analysis confirmed the changes in 19 proteins representative of each predominant cluster, including AQP2. Electron microscopy demonstrated disrupted tight junctions, disorganized adherens junctions, swollen mitochondria, enlargement of the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, and numerous autophagosomes/lysosomes in the IMCD of rats with 4-h BUO. AQP2 and seven proteins chosen as representative of the significantly altered clusters had a significant increase in immunofluorescence-based colocalization with autophagosomes/lysosomes. Immunogold electron microscopy confirmed colocalization of AQP2 with the autophagosome marker microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 and the lysosomal marker cathepsin D in IMCD cells of rats with 4-h BUO. We conclude that enhanced autophagic degradation of AQP2 and other critical proteins, as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress in the IMCD, are initiated shortly after BUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorichaya Somparn
- Center of Excellent in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatikorn Boonkrai
- Center of Excellent in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Komgrid Charngkaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Nusara Chomanee
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Kenneth G Hodge
- Center of Excellent in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Robert A Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine and Center for Interactions of Proteins in Epithelial Transport, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellent in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sookkasem Khositseth
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Itzhak DN, Sacco F, Nagaraj N, Tyanova S, Mann M, Murgia M. SILAC-based quantitative proteomics using mass spectrometry quantifies endoplasmic reticulum stress in whole HeLa cells. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.040741. [PMID: 31628211 PMCID: PMC6899043 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) involves extensive proteome remodeling in many cellular compartments. To date, a comprehensive analysis of the UPR has not been possible because of technological limitations. Here, we employ stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics to quantify the response of over 6200 proteins to increasing concentrations of tunicamycin in HeLa cells. We further compare the effects of tunicamycin (5 µg/ml) to those of thapsigargin (1 µM) and DTT (2 mM), both activating the UPR through different mechanisms. This systematic quantification of the proteome-wide expression changes that follow proteostatic stress is a resource for the scientific community, enabling the discovery of novel players involved in the pathophysiology of the broad range of disorders linked to proteostasis. We identified increased expression in 38 proteins not previously linked to the UPR, of which 15 likely remediate ER stress, and the remainder may contribute to pathological outcomes. Unexpectedly, there are few strongly downregulated proteins, despite expression of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP, suggesting that IRE1-dependent mRNA decay (RIDD) has a limited contribution to ER stress-mediated cell death in our system. Summary: A novel observation point of a familiar scenario: proteomic quantification of over 6200 proteins as a resource to further explore endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Itzhak
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nagarjuna Nagaraj
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefka Tyanova
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Proteomics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Murgia
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy
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Santiago J, Silva JV, Fardilha M. First Insights on the Presence of the Unfolded Protein Response in Human Spermatozoa. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5518. [PMID: 31694346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in protein quality control and is activated in response to several stressors. Although in testis the UPR mechanisms are well described, their presence in spermatozoa is contentious. We aimed to investigate the presence of UPR-related proteins in human sperm and the impact of oxidative stress induction in UPR activation. To identify UPR-related proteins in human sperm, a bioinformatic approach was adopted. To explore the activation of UPR, sperm were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and motility, vitality, and the levels of UPR-related proteins were assessed. We identified 97 UPR-related proteins in human sperm and showed, for the first time, the presence of HSF1, GADD34, and phosphorylated eIF2α. Additionally, the exposure of human sperm to H2O2 resulted in a significant decrease in sperm viability and motility and an increase in the levels of HSF1, HSP90, HSP60, HSP27, and eIF2α; all proteins involved in sensing and response to unfolded proteins. This study gave us a first insight into the presence of UPR mechanisms in the male gamete. However, the belief that sperm are devoid of transcription and translation highlight the need to clarify if these pathways are activated in sperm in the same way as in somatic cells.
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32
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Messias Sandes J, Nascimento Moura DM, Divina da Silva Santiago M, Barbosa de Lima G, Cabral Filho PE, da Cunha Gonçalves de Albuquerque S, de Paiva Cavalcanti M, Fontes A, Bressan Queiroz Figueiredo RC. The effects of endoplasmic reticulum stressors, tunicamycin and dithiothreitol on Trypanosoma cruzi. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111560. [PMID: 31437457 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In higher eukaryotic cells, pertubations in ER environment, called ER stress, usually activate unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in an attempt to re-stablish the ER homeostasis and prevent cell death. Because trypanosomatids appear to lack the classical UPR, it is not clear how these parasites respond to ER stress. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of ER stressors tunicamycin (TM) or dithiothreitol (DTT) on Trypanosoma cruzi. The TM treatment showed strong trypanostatic effect. At 2.5 μg/mL of TM, the mRNA levels of both binding protein (BiP) and calreticulin (CRT) increased significantly, whereas the protein levels of BiP remained stable. TM treatment induced ultrastructural changes compatible with an autophagic process. The DTT treatment inhibited the cell growth, induced drastic morphological changes, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS production. The expression of BiP apparently was not affected by DTT, whereas the mRNA levels of BiP and CRT were significantly reduced. Our results suggest that TM induces autophagy/ER-phagy without causing substantial injury to the parasite. Conversely, the DTT treatment seems to rupture the mitochondrion homeostasis leading to parasite death. The comprehension of the mechanisms behind the susceptibility of T. cruzi to ER stress open perspectives for the development of chemotherapeutic agents addressed to these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Messias Sandes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami - LIKA, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Gustavo Barbosa de Lima
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Euzébio Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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An M, Zhao X, Zhou T, Wang G, Xia Z, Wu Y. A Novel Biological Agent Cytosinpeptidemycin Inhibited the Pathogenesis of Tobacco Mosaic Virus by Inducing Host Resistance and Stress Response. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:7738-7747. [PMID: 31199650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytosinpeptidemycin (CytPM) is a microbial pesticide that displayed broad-spectrum antiviral activity against various plant viruses. However, the molecular mechanism underlying antiviral activity of CytPM is poorly understood. In this study, the results demonstrated that CytPM could effectively delay the systemic infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in Nicotiana benthamiana and significantly inhibit the viral accumulation in tobacco BY-2 protoplasts. Results of RNA-seq indicated that 210 and 120 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly up- and down-regulated after CytPM treatment in BY-2 protoplasts, respectively. In addition, KEGG analysis indicated that various DEGs were involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein processing, suggesting a possible correlation between ER homeostasis and virus resistance. RT-qPCR was performed to validate the gene expression of crucial DEGs related with defense, stress responses, signaling transduction, and phytohormone, which were consistent with results of RNA-seq. Our works provided valuable insights into the antiviral mechanism of CytPM that induced host resistance to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan An
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
| | - Xiuxiang Zhao
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
| | - Guanzhong Wang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
| | - Zihao Xia
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , China
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