1
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Rac M. Synthesis and Regulation of miRNA, Its Role in Oncogenesis, and Its Association with Colorectal Cancer Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1450. [PMID: 39001340 PMCID: PMC11241650 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of several types of regulators, including miRNAs, has recently attracted scientific attention for their role in cancer-associated changes in gene expression. MiRNAs are small RNAs of ~22 nt in length that do not encode protein information but play an important role in post-transcriptional mRNA regulation. Studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in tumour progression, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumour angiogenesis and invasion, and play a complex and important role in the regulation of tumourigenesis. The detection of selected miRNAs may help in the early detection of cancer cells, and monitoring changes in their expression profile may serve as a prognostic factor in the course of the disease or its treatment. MiRNAs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence for an epigenetic interaction between DNA methylation and miRNA expression in tumours. This article provides an overview of selected miRNAs, which are more frequently expressed in colorectal cancer cells, suggesting an oncogenic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rac
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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2
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Hachana MR, Maatouk M, Lassouad Z, Sriha B, Mokni M. microRNAs expression profile in phyllodes tumors of the breast. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24803. [PMID: 38312609 PMCID: PMC10835222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components is a characteristic of fibroepithelial cancers of the breast. Certain fibroepithelial tumors of the breast, such as fibradenomas and phyllodes tumors, are challenging to distinguish and categorize. To find biomarkers for early diagnosis and improved disease management, it is crucial to deepen our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis pathways and tumor biology of PTs. It has been demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) have significant roles in cancers; the expression pattern of miRNAs can help with cancer categorization and treatment. In contrast, little is understood about miRNAs in breast fibroepithelial cancers. This study was conducted retrospectively with the goal of assessing the expression of six mature miRNAs (hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-34a, hsa-miR-148a, and hsa-miR-205) in breast fibroepithelial cancers using real-time PCR and predicting these miRNAs' targets using computational techniques. This study comprised 64 patients in total-55 with phyllodes tumors and 9 with fibroadenoma. The research was carried out at the Farhat Hached University Hospital's pathology department in Tunisia. These particular miRNAs expression levels were evaluated via qRT-PCR, and in silico techniques were utilized to predict potential miRNA targets. Analysis of miRNA expression in fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor tissues revealed that miR-21, miR-155 and miR-182 were upregulated in PTs compared to fibroadenoma and normal tissues. We reported that miR-34a, miR-148a and miR-205 were downregulated in both borderline and malignant PTs compared to fibroadenoma and normal tissue. In silico miRNA target prediction suggested the involvement of these molecules in a wide context of cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ridha Hachana
- Department of Biology, Higher School of Health of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Pathology, CHU Farhat Hached of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Maatouk
- Unit of Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology UR12ES12, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zayneb Lassouad
- Department of Pathology, CHU Farhat Hached of Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Moncef Mokni
- Department of Pathology, CHU Farhat Hached of Sousse, Tunisia
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3
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Wu S, Luo T, Lei X, Yang X. Emerging role of competing endogenous RNA in lung cancer drug resistance. J Chemother 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38124356 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2294582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide, and its survival rate is extremely low. Chemotherapy, the mainstay of lung cancer treatment, is not as effective as it could be due to the development of cellular resistance. The molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in lung cancer remain to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that ceRNAs are involved in various carcinogenesis and development. CeRNA is a transcript that regulates each other through competition with miRNA. However, the relationship between ceRNAs and chemoresistance in lung cancer remains unclear. In this narrative review, we provided a summary of treatment approaches that focus on ceRNA networks to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
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4
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Fu J, Imani S, Wu MY, Wu RC. MicroRNA-34 Family in Cancers: Role, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4723. [PMID: 37835417 PMCID: PMC10571940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs that play vital roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA degradation. The dysregulation of miRNA has been implicated in numerous human diseases, including cancers. miR-34 family members (miR-34s), including miR-34a, miR-34b, and miR-34c, have emerged as the most extensively studied tumor-suppressive miRNAs. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an overview of the major signaling pathways and gene networks regulated by miR-34s in various cancers and highlight the critical tumor suppressor role of miR-34s. Furthermore, we will discuss the potential of using miR-34 mimics as a novel therapeutic approach against cancer, while also addressing the challenges associated with their development and delivery. It is anticipated that gaining a deeper understanding of the functions and mechanisms of miR-34s in cancer will greatly contribute to the development of effective miR-34-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Saber Imani
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ray-Chang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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5
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Dai L, Zhang W, Wang Y, Yu K, Le Q, Wu X. circAGTPBP1 promotes the progression of papillary thyroid cancer through the notch pathway via the miR-34a-5p/notch1 axis. iScience 2023; 26:107564. [PMID: 37622004 PMCID: PMC10445461 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been implicated in the development and progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In this study, we analyzed the dysregulated circRNA profile using PTC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues by RNA-seq. We conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate the biological functions of circAGTPBP1 in PTC progression. We found that circAGTPBP1 was upregulated in PTC tissues and cell lines, and its expression was positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. Using RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis, we identified miR-34a-5p and NOTCH1 as downstream targets of circAGTPBP1. Functionally, circAGTPBP1 knockdown significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, and metastasis of PTC cell lines in vitro, while the miR-34a-5p inhibitor reversed these effects. Additionally, circAGTPBP1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Our findings suggest that circAGTPBP1 may act as a tumor promoter and could be a potential therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yinchun Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kejie Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Le
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianjiang Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital,No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo City 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
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6
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Chamandi G, El-Hajjar L, El Kurdi A, Le Bras M, Nasr R, Lehmann-Che J. ER Negative Breast Cancer and miRNA: There Is More to Decipher Than What the Pathologist Can See! Biomedicines 2023; 11:2300. [PMID: 37626796 PMCID: PMC10452617 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent cancer in women, is a heterogenous disease. Despite advancements in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics, survival rates have drastically decreased in the metastatic setting. Therefore, BC still remains a medical challenge. The evolution of high-throughput technology has highlighted gaps in the classification system of BCs. Of particular interest is the notorious triple negative BC, which was recounted as being heterogenous itself and it overlaps with distinct subtypes, namely molecular apocrine (MA) and luminal androgen (LAR) BCs. These subtypes are, even today, still misdiagnosed and poorly treated. As such, researchers and clinicians have been looking for ways through which to refine BC classification in order to properly understand the initiation, development, progression, and the responses to the treatment of BCs. One tool is biomarkers and, specifically, microRNA (miRNA), which are highly reported as associated with BC carcinogenesis. In this review, the diverse roles of miRNA in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and androgen receptor positive (AR+) BC are depicted. While highlighting their oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions in tumor progression, we will discuss their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker potentials, as well as their drug sensitivity/resistance activity. The association of several miRNAs in the KEGG-reported pathways that are related to ER-BC carcinogenesis is presented. The identification and verification of accurate miRNA panels is a cornerstone for tackling BC classification setbacks, as is also the deciphering of the carcinogenesis regulators of ER - AR + BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Chamandi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Layal El-Hajjar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
- Office of Basic/Translational Research and Graduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah El Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Morgane Le Bras
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon; (G.C.); (L.E.-H.)
| | - Jacqueline Lehmann-Che
- Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, INSERM U976, Immunologie Humaine, Pathophysiologie, Immunothérapie (HIPI), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France;
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7
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Akhmetkaliyev A, Alibrahim N, Shafiee D, Tulchinsky E. EMT/MET plasticity in cancer and Go-or-Grow decisions in quiescence: the two sides of the same coin? Mol Cancer 2023; 22:90. [PMID: 37259089 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) are genetic determinants of cellular plasticity. These programs operate in physiological (embryonic development, wound healing) and pathological (organ fibrosis, cancer) conditions. In cancer, EMT and MET interfere with various signalling pathways at different levels. This results in gross alterations in the gene expression programs, which affect most, if not all hallmarks of cancer, such as response to proliferative and death-inducing signals, tumorigenicity, and cell stemness. EMT in cancer cells involves large scale reorganisation of the cytoskeleton, loss of epithelial integrity, and gain of mesenchymal traits, such as mesenchymal type of cell migration. In this regard, EMT/MET plasticity is highly relevant to the Go-or-Grow concept, which postulates the dichotomous relationship between cell motility and proliferation. The Go-or-Grow decisions are critically important in the processes in which EMT/MET plasticity takes the central stage, mobilisation of stem cells during wound healing, cancer relapse, and metastasis. Here we outline the maintenance of quiescence in stem cell and metastatic niches, focusing on the implication of EMT/MET regulatory networks in Go-or-Grow switches. In particular, we discuss the analogy between cells residing in hybrid quasi-mesenchymal states and GAlert, an intermediate phase allowing quiescent stem cells to enter the cell cycle rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamat Akhmetkaliyev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Darya Shafiee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | - Eugene Tulchinsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, 020000, Kazakhstan.
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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8
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Identification of Potential microRNA Panels for Male Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Identification Using Microarray Datasets and Bioinformatics Methods. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12122056. [PMID: 36556276 PMCID: PMC9780989 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the types of cancer with the highest death rates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in NSCLC development. This study evaluates miRNA expression patterns and specific mechanisms in male patients with NSCLC. Methods: We report an integrated microarray analysis of miRNAs for eight matched samples of males with NSCLC compared to the study of public datasets of males with NSCLC from TCGA, followed by qRT-PCR validation. Results: For the TCGA dataset, we identified 385 overexpressed and 75 underexpressed miRNAs. Our cohort identified 54 overexpressed and 77 underexpressed miRNAs, considering a fold-change (FC) of ±1.5 and p < 0.05 as the cutoff value. The common miRNA signature consisted of eight overexpressed and nine underexpressed miRNAs. Validation was performed using qRT-PCR on the tissue samples for miR-183-3p and miR-34c-5p and on plasma samples for miR-34c-5p. We also created mRNA-miRNA regulatory networks to identify critical molecules, revealing NSCLC signaling pathways related to underexpressed and overexpressed transcripts. The genes targeted by these transcripts were correlated with overall survival. Conclusions: miRNAs and some of their target genes could play essential roles in investigating the mechanisms involved in NSCLC evolution and provide opportunities to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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9
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Zhao L, Islam R, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu LZ. Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235768. [PMID: 36497250 PMCID: PMC9737485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cadmium, are major health concerns worldwide. Some heavy metals are well-documented human carcinogens. Multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, dysregulated gene expression, and aberrant cancer-related signaling, have been shown to contribute to metal-induced carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis are still not fully understood. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that in addition to genotoxicity and genetic mutations, epigenetic mechanisms play critical roles in metal-induced cancers. Epigenetics refers to the reversible modification of genomes without changing DNA sequences; epigenetic modifications generally involve DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic regulation is essential for maintaining normal gene expression patterns; the disruption of epigenetic modifications may lead to altered cellular function and even malignant transformation. Therefore, aberrant epigenetic modifications are widely involved in metal-induced cancer formation, development, and angiogenesis. Notably, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis remains largely unknown, and further studies are urgently required. In this review, we highlight the current advances in understanding the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and angiogenesis.
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10
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KIM EOJIN, KIM HYUNJIN, YEO MINKYUNG, KIM CHULHWAN, KIM JOOYOUNG, PARK SUNGSOO, KIM HYUNSOO, CHAE YANGSEOK. Identification of a Novel Long Non-coding RNA, lnc-ATMIN-4:2, and its Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance in Advanced Gastric Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2022; 19:761-772. [PMID: 36316044 PMCID: PMC9620448 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as significant regulators of gene expression and a novel promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This study identified a novel, differentially expressed lncRNA in advanced gastric cancer (AGC), Inc-ATMIN-4:2, and evaluated its clinicopathological and prognostic significance. PATIENTS AND METHODS Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in AGC tissue samples. We also analyzed lnc-ATMIN-4:2 expression in 317 patients with AGC using RNA in situ hybridization. RESULTS High (>30 dots) lnc-ATMIN-4:2 expression significantly correlated with younger age, poorly differentiated histology, diffuse type, deeper invasion depth, perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and higher stage group. In addition, high lnc-ATMIN-4:2 expression was significantly associated with worse overall survival in patients with AGC. CONCLUSION This study elucidated the significance of lncRNAs in AGC and indicated the value of lnc-ATMIN-4:2 expression as a predictive biomarker for the overall survival of patients with AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- EOJIN KIM
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HYUNJIN KIM
- Pathology Center, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - MIN-KYUNG YEO
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - CHUL HWAN KIM
- Department of Pathology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JOO YOUNG KIM
- Department of Pathology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SUNGSOO PARK
- Division of Foregut Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HYUN-SOO KIM
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YANG-SEOK CHAE
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Pathology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Review: RNA-based diagnostic markers discovery and therapeutic targets development in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 234:108123. [PMID: 35121000 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present review aimed to outline different types of RNAs in cancer diagnostics and treatment, and to provide novel insights into their clinical applications. RNAs, including mRNA, long non-coding (lnc)RNA, circular (circ)RNA and micro (mi)RNA, are now increasingly utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of various cancers. Each aforementioned type of RNA possess their own unique characteristics and could be aberrantly expressed as diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets in different cancers. In addition to mRNAs, which have become a promising alternative in cancer diagnostics and therapy, the uses of lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA in predictive tumor diagnostics and therapy has rapidly increased in recent years. In the present review, the mechanisms of mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA and miRNA in regulating and participating in the development of different cancers were determined, and their potential capacity in cancer diagnostics and therapy were investigated. In addition, the present review analyzed the assoaciations between different RNAs and their subsequent potential in cancer prediction and treatment.
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12
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Exosome-Associated circRNAs as Key Regulators of EMT in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101716. [PMID: 35626752 PMCID: PMC9140110 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic program of cell plasticity aberrantly reactivated in cancer. The crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumoral microenvironment (TME) has a pivotal importance for the induction of the EMT and the progression toward a malignant phenotype. Notably, exosomes are key mediators of this crosstalk as vehicles of specific molecular signals that include the class of circular RNAs (circRNAs). This review specifically focuses on the role of exosome-associated circRNAs as key regulators of EMT in cancer. The relevance of these molecules in regulating the intercellular communication in TME and tumor progression is highlighted. Moreover, the here-presented evidence indicates that exosome-associated circRNA modulation should be taken in account for cancer diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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13
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Mao M, Zhang J, Xiang Y, Gong M, Deng Y, Ye D. Role of exosomal competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12156-12168. [PMID: 35577352 PMCID: PMC9275901 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2073130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are a threat to human health, thus it is critical to better understand the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development and to find key therapeutic targets. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that includes mRNA of coding-protein, pseudogenes, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) etc. It is created through a competitive combination of common small RNA (miRNA) and has an inhibitory effect on mRNA translation. ceRNA regulate the post transcriptional expression of genes by competitively binding to common microRNAs (miRNAs).Studies have shown that cernas are involved in tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration, drug resistance, angiogenesis, as well as tumor immunity, and so on, affecting the progression of tumor development. This article reviews the reported roles of exosomal ceRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors and the mechanisms underlying these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Mao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, NingboNo.6 Hospital Ningbo, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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14
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Noncoding-RNA-Based Therapeutics with an Emphasis on Prostatic Carcinoma—Progress and Challenges. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020276. [PMID: 35214734 PMCID: PMC8877701 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) defy the central dogma by representing a family of RNA molecules that are not translated into protein but can convey information encoded in their DNA. Elucidating the exact function of ncRNA has been a focus of discovery in the last decade and remains challenging. Nevertheless, the importance of understanding ncRNA is apparent since these molecules regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level exerting pleiotropic effects critical in development, oncogenesis, and immunity. NcRNAs have been referred to as “the dark matter of the nucleus”, and unraveling their role in physiologic and pathologic processes will provide vast opportunities for basic and translational research with the potential for significant therapeutic progress. Consequently, strong efforts are underway to exploit the therapeutic utility of ncRNA, some of which have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. The use of ncRNA therapeutics (or “vaccines” if defined as anti-disease agents) may result in improved curative strategies when used alone or in combination with existing treatments. This review will focus on the role of ncRNA therapeutics in prostatic carcinoma while exploring basic biological aspects of these molecules that represent about 97% of the transcriptome in humans.
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15
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Tissue miR-200c-3p and circulating miR-1290 as potential prognostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2295. [PMID: 35145164 PMCID: PMC8831555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related cancers generally elicit low immune responses. EMT is regulated by several microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of EMT-related miRNAs as biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and normal tissue and plasma samples were obtained from 65 patients with pathologically confirmed CRC. In addition, plasma samples were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers. Immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin, ZEB1, PD-1, PD-L1, CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and CD68 was conducted on tissue samples. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) analysis was performed to evaluate miR-21-5p, 34a-5p, 138-5p, 200a-3p, 200b-5p, 200c-3p, 630, 1246, and 1290 expression in tissue samples and miR-630, 1246, and 1290 expression in plasma samples. miR-21-5p, 34a-5p, 630, 1246, and 1290 expression was higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues (P < 0.05). EMT was significantly associated with reduced tumor-infiltrating T cells. Moreover, miR-21-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-200a-3p, and miR-200c-3p expression was negatively correlated with T cell density (P < 0.05). High tissue levels of miR-200c-3p were associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001). CRC patients with the EMT phenotype had poor OS; however, PD-L1 positivity and abundant PD-1 positive immune cells were correlated with better OS (P < 0.05). miR-1246 and miR-1290 levels were significantly higher in the plasma of patients with CRC than in the plasma of healthy controls (P < 0.05). High plasma levels of miR-1290 were correlated with advanced stage and poor OS (P < 0.05). The tissue expression of miR-200c-3p and plasma levels of miR-1290 measured by ddPCR indicate their potential as prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
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16
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Wang C, Jia Q, Guo X, Li K, Chen W, Shen Q, Xu C, Fu Y. microRNA-34 Family: From Mechanism to Potential Applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 144:106168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Kawami M, Takenaka S, Akai M, Yumoto R, Takano M. Characterization of miR-34a-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells Focusing on p53. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121853. [PMID: 34944497 PMCID: PMC8699678 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenotypic conversion of the epithelial to mesenchymal state, contributes to cancer progression. Currently, several microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with EMT-mediated cancer progression, but the contribution of miR-34a to EMT in cancer cells remains controversial. The present study aimed to clarify the role of miR-34a in the EMT-related phenotypes of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-deficient). Methods: The miR-34a mimic and p53 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into the cells using Lipofectamine, and the obtained total RNA and cell lysates were used for real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results: The introduction of the miR-34a mimic led to an increase in the mRNA and protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a mesenchymal marker gene, in A549, but not in H1299 cells. Additionally, miR-34a-induced the upregulation of p53 activity and migration was observed in A549, but not in H1299 cells. However, under the p53-knockdown condition, only α-SMA upregulation by miR-34a was abolished. Conclusion: These findings indicate a close relationship between p53 and miR-34a-induced EMT in p53-wild type NSCLC cells, which provides novel insights about the role of miR-34a in EMT-like phenotypic changes in NSCLC.
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18
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De Las Rivas J, Brozovic A, Izraely S, Casas-Pais A, Witz IP, Figueroa A. Cancer drug resistance induced by EMT: novel therapeutic strategies. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2279-2297. [PMID: 34003341 PMCID: PMC8241801 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, important clinical benefits have been achieved in cancer patients by using drug-targeting strategies. Nevertheless, drug resistance is still a major problem in most cancer therapies. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and tumour microenvironment have been described as limiting factors for effective treatment in many cancer types. Moreover, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has also been associated with therapy resistance in many different preclinical models, although limited evidence has been obtained from clinical studies and clinical samples. In this review, we particularly deepen into the mechanisms of which intermediate epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) states and its interconnection to microenvironment influence therapy resistance. We also describe how the use of bioinformatics and pharmacogenomics will help to figure out the biological impact of the EMT on drug resistance and to develop novel pharmacological approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier De Las Rivas
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Group, Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Anamaria Brozovic
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sivan Izraely
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alba Casas-Pais
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Spain.,Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Coruña, Spain
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Angélica Figueroa
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Spain. .,Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Coruña, Spain.
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19
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Mencias M, Levene M, Blighe K, Bax BE. Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers for Mitochondrial Neuro-Gastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073681. [PMID: 33916195 PMCID: PMC8037498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is an ultra-rare disease for which there are currently no validated outcome measures for assessing therapeutic intervention efficacy. The aim of this study was to identify a plasma and/or serum microRNA (miRNA) biomarker panel for MNGIE. Sixty-five patients and 65 age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited and assigned to one of four study phases: (i) discovery for sample size determination; (ii) candidate screening; (iii) candidate validation; and (iv) verifying the performance of the validated miRNA panel in four patients treated with erythrocyte-encapsulated thymidine phosphorylase (EE-TP), an enzyme replacement under development for MNGIE. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to profile miRNAs in serum and/or plasma samples collected for the discovery, validation and performance phases, and next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was applied to serum samples assigned to the candidate screening phase. Forty-one differentially expressed candidate miRNAs were identified in the sera of patients (p < 0.05, log2 fold change > 1). The validation cohort revealed that of those, 27 miRNAs were upregulated in plasma and three miRNAs were upregulated in sera (p < 0.05). Through binary logistic regression analyses, five plasma miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-194-5p, miR-215-5p and miR-34a-5p) and three serum miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-194-5p and miR-34a-5p) were shown to robustly distinguish MNGIE from healthy controls. Reduced longitudinal miRNA expression of miR-34a-5p was observed in all four patients treated with EE-TP and coincided with biochemical and clinical improvements. We recommend the inclusion of the plasma exploratory miRNA biomarker panel in future clinical trials of investigational therapies for MNGIE; it may have prognostic value for assessing clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mencias
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK; (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Michelle Levene
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK; (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Kevin Blighe
- Clinical Bioinformatics Research Ltd., London W1B 3HH, UK;
| | - Bridget E. Bax
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK; (M.M.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)208-266-6836
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20
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Heydarzadeh S, Ranjbar M, Karimi F, Seif F, Alivand MR. Overview of host miRNA properties and their association with epigenetics, long non-coding RNAs, and Xeno-infectious factors. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:43. [PMID: 33632341 PMCID: PMC7905430 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-derived structures play impressive roles in various biological processes. So dysregulation of miRNAs can lead to different human diseases. Recent studies have extended our comprehension of the control of miRNA function and features. Here, we overview some remarkable miRNA properties that have potential implications for the miRNA functions, including different variants of a miRNA called isomiRs, miRNA arm selection/arm switching, and the effect of these factors on miRNA target selection. Besides, we review some aspects of miRNA interactions such as the interaction between epigenetics and miRNA (different miRNAs and their related processing enzymes are epigenetically regulated by multiple DNA methylation enzymes. moreover, DNA methylation could be controlled by diverse mechanisms related to miRNAs), direct and indirect crosstalk between miRNA and lnc (Long Non-Coding) RNAs as a further approach to conduct intercellular regulation called "competing endogenous RNA" (ceRNA) that is involved in the pathogenesis of different diseases, and the interaction of miRNA activities and some Xeno-infectious (virus/bacteria/parasite) factors, which result in modulation of the pathogenesis of infections. This review provides some related studies to a better understanding of miRNA involvement mechanisms and overcoming the complexity of related diseases that may be applicable and useful to prognostic, diagnostic, therapeutic purposes and personalized medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Heydarzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farokh Karimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Dong B, Li S, Zhu S, Yi M, Luo S, Wu K. MiRNA-mediated EMT and CSCs in cancer chemoresistance. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:12. [PMID: 33579377 PMCID: PMC7881653 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small group of cancer cells, which contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Cancer cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) acquire the chemoresistant ability, which is regarded as an important feature of CSCs. Thus, there emerges an opinion that the generation of CSCs is considered to be driven by EMT. In this complex process, microRNAs (miRNAs) are found to play a key role. In order to overcome the drug resistance, inhibiting EMT as well as CSCs phenotype seem feasible. Thereinto, regulating the EMT- or CSCs-associated miRNAs is a crucial approach. Herein, we conduct this review to elaborate on the complicated interplay between EMT and CSCs in cancer chemoresistance, which is modulated by miRNAs. In addition, we elucidate the therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance through targeting EMT and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
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22
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Zhang W, Guan X, Tang J. The long non-coding RNA landscape in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12966. [PMID: 33314471 PMCID: PMC7848969 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that has a higher risk of distant recurrence and metastasis, leading to a relatively aggressive biological behaviour and poor outcome. So far, the clinical management of TNBC is challenging because of its heterogeneity and paucity of specific targeted therapy. Recently, various studies have identified a lot of differently expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in TNBC. Those lncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in the multistep process of TNBC tumorigenesis. Here, we review the biological characteristics of lncRNAs, and present the current state of knowledge concerning the expression, function and regulation of lncRNAs in TNBC. Accumulating studies explored the potential lncRNAs-based therapeutics in TNBC, including the techniques of genetic modification using antisense oligonucleotides, locked nucleic acid and RNA nanotechnology. In current review, we also discuss the future prospects of studies about lncRNAs in TNBC and development of lncRNA-based strategies for clinical TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- Department of OncologyNanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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23
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Dehghan R, Najafi R, Azizi Jalilian F, Saidijam M, Radaei Z, Zamani A, Ezati R, Asna-Ashari F, Amini R. A promising effect of zerumbone with improved anti-tumor-promoting inflammation activity of miR-34a in colorectal cancer cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:203-218. [PMID: 33398678 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cross-talk among inflammation and colorectal cancer cells is chiefly reported through a complex of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. MicroRNA performs strategic roles in controlling a variety of signaling cascades. miR-34a is known as a master regulator of tumor suppression. Combined application of different miRNA-based agents and chemotherapeutic drugs has been used to augment drug sensitivity and may reinforce the antitumor effect. A lot of studies specify a substantial increase in the effectiveness of combination therapies. The anti-inflammatory activity of Zerumbone (ZER) was investigated in many cancers. In this study the level of the inflammatory cytokines including CXCL-12 (SDF-1), CCL-2 (MCP-1), TGF-β and IL-33 has been measured in pmiR-34a-5p transfected and pmiR-34a-5p +ZER treated CRC cell lines (HCT-116 and SW48) by QRT-PCR and ELISA methods, respectively. The results showed that miR-34a could significantly inhibit cytokine expression in both cell lines for 48 and 72 h except SDF-1 which no inhibition was observed in SW48 cells. ZER suppressed SDF-1 for all three time points in both cell lines, while in SW48 cells IL-33 and TGF-β were inhibited in 72 h and in HCT-116 cells MCP-1 diminished for only 24 h and TGF-β diminished for all three times. Combination of both miR-34a and ZER suppressed TGF-β, SDF-1 and MCP-1 in HCT-116 cells in all time points while in SW48 cells, suppression of most cytokines was observed in 48 and 72 h. Furthermore Colony formation assay and scratch test were employed to detect changes of proliferation and migration in CRC transfected and treated cells. Generally, we found that miR-34a could considerably decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the combination of ZER+ miR-34 boosted this effect. Moreover the migration and proliferation decreased in treated and transfected cells and this reduction was more severe in miR-34a +ZER treatment. It is important to note that in the case of cell resistance to each of these therapeutic agents, inhibition of cytokines can be compensated by another one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dehghan
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Virology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Radaei
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Ezati
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Asna-Ashari
- Department of Community Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Opposite the People's Park, Pajoohesh Junction, Hamadan, Iran.
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24
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MicroRNA-34a: the bad guy in age-related vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7355-7378. [PMID: 34698884 PMCID: PMC8629897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The age-related vasculature alteration is the prominent risk factor for vascular diseases (VD), namely, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, vascular calcification (VC) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The chronic sterile low-grade inflammation state, alias inflammaging, characterizes elderly people and participates in VD development. MicroRNA34-a (miR-34a) is emerging as an important mediator of inflammaging and VD. miR-34a increases with aging in vessels and induces senescence and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs) cells. Similarly, other VD risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, modify miR-34a expression to promote vascular senescence and inflammation. miR-34a upregulation causes endothelial dysfunction by affecting ECs nitric oxide bioavailability, adhesion molecules expression and inflammatory cells recruitment. miR-34a-induced senescence facilitates VSMCs osteoblastic switch and VC development in hyperphosphatemia conditions. Conversely, atherogenic and hypoxic stimuli downregulate miR-34a levels and promote VSMCs proliferation and migration during atherosclerosis and PAH. MiR34a genetic ablation or miR-34a inhibition by anti-miR-34a molecules in different experimental models of VD reduce vascular inflammation, senescence and apoptosis through sirtuin 1 Notch1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 modulation. Notably, pleiotropic drugs, like statins, liraglutide and metformin, affect miR-34a expression. Finally, human studies report that miR-34a levels associate to atherosclerosis and diabetes and correlate with inflammatory factors during aging. Herein, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about miR-34a-dependent molecular and cellular mechanisms activated by VD risk factors and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of modulating its expression in order to reduce inflammaging and VD burn and extend healthy lifespan.
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25
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Wang H, Jiao H, Jiang Z, Chen R. Propofol inhibits migration and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells through miR-34a-mediated E-cadherin and LOC285194 signals. Bioengineered 2020; 11:510-521. [PMID: 32303144 PMCID: PMC7185861 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1754038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol has exhibited potent antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor mechanisms of propofol on pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells in vitro. PANC-1 cells were exposure to concentration 20 μg/ml of propofol for 72 h. Long non-coding RNA LOC285194 siRNA LOC285194 siRNA, E-cadherin siRNA and microRNA-34a (miR-34a) inhibitor were used to investigate the effect of propofol on PANC-1 cells. miR-34a and LOC285194 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Pro-apoptotic protein bax, cleaved-caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 were analyzed by Western blot. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were detected by MTT and TUNEL staining, respectively. Cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay. The results showed that propofol upregulated miR-34a expression, which, in turn, upregulated LOC285194 expression, resulting in PANC-1 cell apoptosis and growth inhibition. In addition, propofol upregulated miR-34a expression, which, in turn, upregulated E-cadherin expression, resulting in cell migration inhibition. Our research confirmed that propofol-induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration in PANC-1 cells in vitro via promoting miR-34a-dependent LOC285194 and E-cadherin upregulation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmei Jiao
- Department of Anesthesia, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Ziru Jiang
- External Abdominal Section, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Renyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
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26
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Ahn YH, Ko YH. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of microRNAs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8782. [PMID: 33233641 PMCID: PMC7699705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous suppressors of target mRNAs, are deeply involved in every step of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development, from tumor initiation to progression and metastasis. They play roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization, as well as immunosuppression. Due to their versatility, numerous attempts have been made to use miRNAs for clinical applications. miRNAs can be used as cancer subtype classifiers, diagnostic markers, drug-response predictors, prognostic markers, and therapeutic targets in NSCLC. Many challenges remain ahead of their actual clinical application; however, when achieved, the use of miRNAs in the clinic is expected to enable great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Pharmacological/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- MicroRNAs/agonists
- MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Escape/drug effects
- Tumor Escape/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
- Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Yoon Ho Ko
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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27
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Multifunctional Roles of miR-34a in Cancer: A Review with the Emphasis on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Thyroid Cancer with Clinical Implications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10080563. [PMID: 32764498 PMCID: PMC7459507 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-34a belongs to the class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs and functions as a tumor suppressor. Under physiological conditions, miR-34a has an inhibitory effect on all processes related to cell proliferation by targeting many proto-oncogenes and silencing them on the post-transcriptional level. However, deregulation of miR-34a was shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis and processes associated with cancer progression, such as tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, further understanding of miR-34a molecular mechanisms in cancer are indispensable for the development of effective diagnosis and treatments. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on miR-34a functions in human disease with an emphasis on its regulation and dysregulation, its role in human cancer, specifically head and neck squamous carcinoma and thyroid cancer, and emerging role as a disease diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and the novel therapeutic target in oncology.
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He B, Zhao Z, Cai Q, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Shi S, Xie H, Peng X, Yin W, Tao Y, Wang X. miRNA-based biomarkers, therapies, and resistance in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2628-2647. [PMID: 32792861 PMCID: PMC7415433 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.47203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) of about 22 nucleotides in size, play important roles in gene regulation, and their dysregulation is implicated in human diseases including cancer. A variety of miRNAs could take roles in the cancer progression, participate in the process of tumor immune, and function with miRNA sponges. During the last two decades, the connection between miRNAs and various cancers has been widely researched. Based on evidence about miRNA, numerous potential cancer biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis have been put forward, providing a new perspective on cancer screening. Besides, there are several miRNA-based therapies among different cancers being conducted, advanced treatments such as the combination of synergistic strategies and the use of complementary miRNAs provide significant clinical benefits to cancer patients potentially. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that many miRNAs are engaged in the resistance of cancer therapies with their complex underlying regulatory mechanisms, whose comprehensive cognition can help clinicians and improve patient prognosis. With the belief that studies about miRNAs in human cancer would have great clinical implications, we attempt to summarize the current situation and potential development prospects in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxue He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qidong Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiong Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410078 China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Nabih HK. Crosstalk between NRF2 and Dicer through metastasis regulating MicroRNAs; mir-34a, mir-200 family and mir-103/107 family. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zheng F, Li J, Ma C, Tang X, Tang Q, Wu J, Chai X, Xie J, Yang XB, Hann SS. Novel regulation of miR-34a-5p and HOTAIR by the combination of berberine and gefitinib leading to inhibition of EMT in human lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5578-5592. [PMID: 32248643 PMCID: PMC7214156 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HOTAIR is an important carcinogenic lncRNA and involves in tumorigenesis, and invasion. MiR-34a-5p functions as a tumour suppressor. However, the underlying mechanism of HOTAIR regulation especially in association with miR-34a-5p in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been explored. Herein, we performed series of in vitro experiments, including viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis and in vivo xenograft model, and identified that HOTAIR was remarkably elevated in NSCLC cells. Enforced HOTAIR expression promoted migration and invasion, while depleted HOTAIR diminished the ability of migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. We also observed that miR-34a-5p was dramatically inhibited in NSCLC cells and the binding correlation between HOTAIR and miR-34a-5p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. We also showed that induction of miR-34a-5p and reduction of HOTAIR, and the interaction between miR-34a-5p and HOTAIR resulted in the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as illustrated by induction of key epithelial markers E-cadherin expression, reduction of vimentin and EMT-inducing transcription factor snail. Excessive expression of snail resisted miR-34a-5p-inhibited cell growth. Snail binds to E-cadherin promoter and regulates E-cadherin expression. There was a synergy in combination of berberine and gefinitib in this process. Similar findings were also observed in a tumour xenograft model. Collectively, this is the first report demonstrating reciprocal interaction of miR-34a-5p- and HOTAIR-mediated regulation of snail resulting in inhibition of EMT process by the combination of berberine and gefitinib suggesting that regulation of miR-34a-5p- and HOTAIR-mediated inhibition of EMT may provide novel treatment paradigms for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Human Resource, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - ChangJu Ma
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoJuan Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - JingJing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoSu Chai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Ning YE, Gu H, Tong Y, Wang N. MiR-195-5p Inhibits Malignant Progression of Cervical Cancer by Targeting YAP1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:931-944. [PMID: 32099397 PMCID: PMC6996614 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s227826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our previous studies have shown that miR-195 is reduced in cervical cancer tissues, and that upregulation of miR-195 suppressed cervical cancer cell growth and induced a cell cycle block. In this study, we aimed to further elucidate the mechanism of action between miR-195-5p and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in the malignant progression of cervical cancer. Methods MiR-195-5p and YAP1 were detected using qRT-PCR in cervical cancer cells transfected with miR-195-5p mimics or inhibitor. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability were detected using MTT, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays. Dual luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis were used to demonstrate that YAP1 was a target of miR-195-5p. Results Our results showed that miR-195-5p is negatively correlated with YAP1 protein levels but not with mRNA expression. Moreover, upregulation of miR-195-5p by transient transfection with miR-195-5p mimics in HeLa and SiHa cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration ability, invasiveness, and the EMT. Conversely, miR-195-5p downregulation produced opposite results. In addition, multiple miRNA target prediction sites showed that YAP1 was a potential target gene; this was confirmed by dual luciferase assay. Rescue experiments further confirmed that YAP1 is involved in miR-195-5p-mediated inhibition of proliferation, migration ability, invasiveness, and the EMT of cervical cancer cells. Conclusion Taken together, our data suggest that miR-195-5p may act as a tumor suppressor which could provide a theoretical basis for cervical cancer patient targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-E Ning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Tong
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
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Belfiore A, Busico A, Bozzi F, Brich S, Dallera E, Conca E, Capone I, Gloghini A, Volpi CC, Cabras AD, Pilotti S, Baratti D, Guaglio M, Deraco M, Kusamura S, Perrone F. Molecular Signatures for Combined Targeted Treatments in Diffuse Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225817. [PMID: 31752449 PMCID: PMC6888071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background—There are currently no effective therapies for diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM) patients with disease recurrence. In this study, we investigated the biology of DMPM by analyzing the EGFR family, Axl, and MET, in order to assess the presence of cross-talk between these receptors, suggesting the effectiveness of combined targeted treatments in DMPM. Method—We analyzed a series of 22 naïve epithelioid DMPM samples from a single institute, two of which showed higher-grade malignancy (“progressed”). EGFR, HER2, HER3, Axl, and MET activation and expression were investigated by biochemical analysis, real-time PCR immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, next-generation sequencing, miRNA, and mRNA in situ hybridization. Results—In most DMPMs, a strong EGFR activation was associated with HER2, HER3, Axl, and MET co-activation, mediated mainly by receptor heterodimerization and autocrine-paracrine loops induced by the expression of their cognate ligands. Axl expression was downregulated by miRNA34a. Mutations in MET Sema domain were exclusively found in two “progressed” DMPMs, and the combined Axl and MET inhibition reduced cellular motility in a DMPM cell line obtained from a “progressed” DMPM. Conclusion—The results indicate that the coordinated activity of multiple cross-talks between RTKs is directly involved in the biology of DMPM, suggesting the combined inhibition of PIK3 and mTOR as an effective strategy that may be easily implemented in clinical practice, and indicating that the combined inhibition of EGFR/HER2 and HER3 and of Axl and MET deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Belfiore
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Adele Busico
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Fabio Bozzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Brich
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Elena Dallera
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Elena Conca
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Iolanda Capone
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Annunziata Gloghini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Chiara C. Volpi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Antonello D. Cabras
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silvana Pilotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Dario Baratti
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Marcello Guaglio
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Marcello Deraco
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Shigeki Kusamura
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Federica Perrone
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (F.B.); (S.B.); (E.D.); (E.C.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (C.C.V.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-2390-2614; Fax: +39-02-2390-2877
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Exosomal miRNA: Small Molecules, Big Impact in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8585276. [PMID: 31737071 PMCID: PMC6815599 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8585276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tumor microenvironment (TME) contains many cell types including stromal cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells. The TME modulation explains the heterogeneity of response to therapy observed in patients. In this context, exosomes are emerging as major contributors in cancer biology. Indeed, exosomes are implicated in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and premetastatic niche formation. They contain bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs. More recently, many studies on exosomes have focused on miRNAs, small noncoding RNA molecules able to influence protein expression. In this review, we describe miRNAs transported by exosomes in the context of CRC and discuss their influence on TME and their potential as circulating biomarkers. This overview underlines emerging roles for exosomal miRNAs in cancer research for the near future.
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