1
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Yang K, Luo Y, Sun T, Qiu H, Geng Q, Li Y, Liu M, Keller NP, Song F, Tian J. Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of Aspergillus flavus asexual development by targeting TCA cycle and mitochondrial function. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134385. [PMID: 38678711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule with diverse roles in various organisms. However, its role in the opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus flavus remains unclear. This study investigates the potential of NO, mediated by metabolites from A. oryzae (AO), as an antifungal strategy against A. flavus. We demonstrated that AO metabolites effectively suppressed A. flavus asexual development, a critical stage in its lifecycle. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that AO metabolites induced NO synthesis genes, leading to increased intracellular NO levels. Reducing intracellular NO content rescued A. flavus spores from germination inhibition caused by AO metabolites. Furthermore, exogenous NO treatment and dysfunction of flavohemoglobin Fhb1, a key NO detoxification enzyme, significantly impaired A. flavus asexual development. RNA-sequencing and metabolomic analyses revealed significant metabolic disruptions within tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle upon AO treatment. NO treatment significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and ATP generation. Additionally, aberrant metabolic flux within the TCA cycle was observed upon NO treatment. Further analysis revealed that NO induced S-nitrosylation of five key TCA cycle enzymes. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the S-nitrosylated Aconitase Acon and one subunit of succinate dehydrogenase Sdh2 played crucial roles in A. flavus development by regulating ATP production. This study highlights the potential of NO as a novel antifungal strategy to control A. flavus by compromising its mitochondrial function and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Yang
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
| | - Yue Luo
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Tongzheng Sun
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Han Qiu
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Qingru Geng
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Man Liu
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fengqin Song
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
| | - Jun Tian
- JSNU-UWEC Joint Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Colleges and Universities, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
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2
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Maud L, Boyer F, Durrieu V, Bornot J, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Lorber S, Puel O, Mathieu F, Snini SP. Effect of Streptomyces roseolus Cell-Free Supernatants on the Fungal Development, Transcriptome, and Aflatoxin B1 Production of Aspergillus flavus. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:428. [PMID: 37505697 PMCID: PMC10467112 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop contamination by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an Aspergillus-flavus-produced toxin, is frequently observed in tropical and subtropical regions. This phenomenon is emerging in Europe, most likely as a result of climate change. Alternative methods, such as biocontrol agents (BCAs), are currently being developed to reduce the use of chemicals in the prevention of mycotoxin contamination. Actinobacteria are known to produce many bioactive compounds, and some of them can reduce in vitro AFB1 concentration. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the effect of a cell-free supernatant (CFS) from Streptomyces roseolus culture on the development of A. flavus, as well as on its transcriptome profile using microarray assay and its impact on AFB1 concentration. Results demonstrated that in vitro, the S. roseolus CFS reduced the dry weight and conidiation of A. flavus from 77% and 43%, respectively, and was therefore associated with a reduction in AFB1 concentration reduction to levels under the limit of quantification. The transcriptomic data analysis revealed that 5198 genes were differentially expressed in response to the CFS exposure and among them 5169 were downregulated including most of the genes involved in biosynthetic gene clusters. The aflatoxins' gene cluster was the most downregulated. Other gene clusters, such as the aspergillic acid, aspirochlorine, and ustiloxin B gene clusters, were also downregulated and associated with a variation in their concentration, confirmed by LC-HRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Maud
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France; (L.M.); (F.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Florian Boyer
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France; (L.M.); (F.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Vanessa Durrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, INPT, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France;
| | - Julie Bornot
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France; (L.M.); (F.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (Y.L.); (C.N.); (S.L.); (O.P.)
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (Y.L.); (C.N.); (S.L.); (O.P.)
| | - Sophie Lorber
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (Y.L.); (C.N.); (S.L.); (O.P.)
| | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, EI-Purpan, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (Y.L.); (C.N.); (S.L.); (O.P.)
| | - Florence Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France; (L.M.); (F.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Selma P. Snini
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France; (L.M.); (F.B.); (J.B.)
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3
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Wu S, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Huang W, Kong Q, Liu Q, Li W, Zou X, Liu CM, Yan S. Linolenic Acid-Derived Oxylipins Inhibit Aflatoxin Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus through Activation of Imizoquin Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15928-15944. [PMID: 36508213 PMCID: PMC9785051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins play important signaling roles in aflatoxin (AF) biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. We previously showed that exogenous supply of autoxidated linolenic acid (AL) inhibited AF biosynthesis in A. flavus via oxylipins, but the molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here, we performed multiomics analyses of A. flavus grown in media with or without AL. Targeted metabolite analyses and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the imizoquin (IMQ) biosynthetic pathway was distinctly upregulated in the presence of AL. 13C-glucose labeling confirmed in parallel that the tricarboxylic acid cycle was also enhanced by AL, consistent with observed increases in mycelial growth. Moreover, we integrated thermal proteome profiling and molecular dynamics simulations to identify a potential receptor of AL; AL was found to interact with a transporter (ImqJ) located in the IMQ gene cluster, primarily through hydrophobic interactions. Further analyses of strains with an IMQ pathway transcription factor overexpressed or knocked out confirmed that this pathway was critical for AL-mediated inhibition of AF biosynthesis. Comparison of 22 assembled A. flavus and Aspergillus oryzae genomes showed that genes involved in the IMQ pathway were positively selected in A. oryzae. Taken together, the results of our study provide novel insights into oxylipin-mediated regulation of AF biosynthesis and suggest potential methods for preventing AF contamination of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Wu
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qunjie Zhang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
- Institution
of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qian Kong
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qinjian Liu
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Xinlu Zou
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Fragrant Hill, Beijing100093, China
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
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4
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Ferrara M, Perrone G, Gallo A. Recent advances in biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms of principal mycotoxins. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Sweany RR, DeRobertis CD, Kaller MD, Damann KE. Intraspecific Growth and Aflatoxin Inhibition Responses to Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus: Evidence of Secreted, Inhibitory Substances in Biocontrol. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:2084-2098. [PMID: 35502929 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-21-0022-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Aspergillus flavus infects corn, peanut, and cottonseed, and contaminates seeds with acutely poisonous and carcinogenic aflatoxin. Aflatoxin contamination is a perennial threat in tropical and subtropical climates. Nonaflatoxin-producing isolates (atoxigenic) are deployed in fields to mitigate aflatoxin contamination. The biocontrol competitively excludes toxigenic A. flavus via direct replacement and thigmoregulated (touch) toxin inhibition mechanisms. To understand the broad-spectrum toxin inhibition, toxigenic isolates representing different mating types and sclerotia sizes were individually cocultured with different atoxigenic biocontrol isolates. To determine whether more inhibitory isolates had a competitive advantage to displace or touch inhibit toxigenic isolates, biomass accumulation rates were determined for each isolate. Finally, to determine whether atoxigenic isolates could inhibit aflatoxin production without touch, atoxigenic isolates were grown separated from a single toxigenic isolate by a membrane. Atoxigenic isolates 17, Af36, and K49 had superior abilities to inhibit toxin production. Small (<400 µm) sclerotial, Mat1-1 isolates were not as completely inhibited as others by most atoxigenic isolates. As expected for both direct replacement and touch inhibition, the fastest-growing atoxigenic isolates inhibited aflatoxin production the most, except for atoxigenic Af36 and K49. Aflatoxin production was inhibited when toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates were grown separately, especially by slow-growing atoxigenic Af36 and K49. Additionally, fungus-free filtrates from atoxigenic cultures inhibited aflatoxin production. Toxin production inhibition without direct contact revealed secretion of diffusible chemicals as an additional biocontrol mechanism. Biocontrol formulations should be improved by identifying isolates with broad-spectrum, high-inhibition capabilities and production of secreted inhibitory chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Sweany
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Catherine D DeRobertis
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Michael D Kaller
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Kenneth E Damann
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
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6
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Aspergillus Hydrophobins: Physicochemical Properties, Biochemical Properties, and Functions in Solid Polymer Degradation. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081498. [PMID: 35893556 PMCID: PMC9394342 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobins are small amphipathic proteins conserved in filamentous fungi. In this review, the properties and functions of Aspergillus hydrophobins are comprehensively discussed on the basis of recent findings. Multiple Aspergillus hydrophobins have been identified and categorized in conventional class I and two non-conventional classes. Some Aspergillus hydrophobins can be purified in a water phase without organic solvents. Class I hydrophobins of Aspergilli self-assemble to form amphipathic membranes. At the air–liquid interface, RolA of Aspergillus oryzae self-assembles via four stages, and its self-assembled films consist of two layers, a rodlet membrane facing air and rod-like structures facing liquid. The self-assembly depends mainly on hydrophobin conformation and solution pH. Cys4–Cys5 and Cys7–Cys8 loops, disulfide bonds, and conserved Cys residues of RodA-like hydrophobins are necessary for self-assembly at the interface and for adsorption to solid surfaces. AfRodA helps Aspergillus fumigatus to evade recognition by the host immune system. RodA-like hydrophobins recruit cutinases to promote the hydrolysis of aliphatic polyesters. This mechanism appears to be conserved in Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi, and may be beneficial for their growth. Aspergilli produce various small secreted proteins (SSPs) including hydrophobins, hydrophobic surface–binding proteins, and effector proteins. Aspergilli may use a wide variety of SSPs to decompose solid polymers.
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7
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Yang K, Geng Q, Luo Y, Xie R, Sun T, Wang Z, Qin L, Zhao W, Liu M, Li Y, Tian J. Dysfunction of FadA-cAMP signalling decreases Aspergillus flavus resistance to antimicrobial natural preservative Perillaldehyde and AFB1 biosynthesis. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:1590-1607. [PMID: 35194912 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that colonizes agriculture crops with aflatoxin contamination. We found that Perillaldehyde (PAE) effectively inhibited A. flavus viability and aflatoxin production by inducing excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transcriptome analysis indicated that the Gα protein FadA was significantly induced by PAE. Functional characterization of FadA showed it is important for asexual development and aflatoxin biosynthesis by regulation of cAMP-PKA signalling. The ΔfadA mutant was more sensitive to PAE, while ΔpdeL and ΔpdeH mutants can tolerate excess PAE compared to wild-type A. flavus. Further RNA-sequence analysis showed that fadA was important for expression of genes involved in oxidation-reduction and cellular metabolism. The flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that ΔfadA accumulated more concentration of ROS in cells, and the transcriptome data indicated that genes involved in ROS scavenging were downregulated in ΔfadA mutant. We further found that FadA participated in regulating response to extracellular environmental stresses by increasing phosphorylation levels of MAPK Kinase Slt2 and Hog1. Overall, our results indicated that FadA signalling engages in mycotoxin production and A. flavus resistance to antimicrobial PAE, which provide valuable information for controlling this fungus and AF biosynthesis in pre- and postharvest of agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Qingru Geng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Yue Luo
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Tongzheng Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Man Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Jun Tian
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
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8
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Sweany RR, Mack BM, Moore GG, Gilbert MK, Cary JW, Lebar MD, Rajasekaran K, Damann Jr. KE. Genetic Responses and Aflatoxin Inhibition during Co-Culture of Aflatoxigenic and Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:794. [PMID: 34822579 PMCID: PMC8618995 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus. Non-aflatoxigenic (Non-tox) A. flavus isolates are deployed in corn fields as biocontrol because they substantially reduce aflatoxin contamination via direct replacement and additionally via direct contact or touch with toxigenic (Tox) isolates and secretion of inhibitory/degradative chemicals. To understand touch inhibition, HPLC analysis and RNA sequencing examined aflatoxin production and gene expression of Non-tox isolate 17 and Tox isolate 53 mono-cultures and during their interaction in co-culture. Aflatoxin production was reduced by 99.7% in 72 h co-cultures. Fewer than expected unique reads were assigned to Tox 53 during co-culture, indicating its growth and/or gene expression was inhibited in response to Non-tox 17. Predicted secreted proteins and genes involved in oxidation/reduction were enriched in Non-tox 17 and co-cultures compared to Tox 53. Five secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters and kojic acid synthesis genes were upregulated in Non-tox 17 compared to Tox 53 and a few were further upregulated in co-cultures in response to touch. These results suggest Non-tox strains can inhibit growth and aflatoxin gene cluster expression in Tox strains through touch. Additionally, upregulation of other SM genes and redox genes during the biocontrol interaction demonstrates a potential role of inhibitory SMs and antioxidants as additional biocontrol mechanisms and deserves further exploration to improve biocontrol formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R. Sweany
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Brian M. Mack
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Geromy G. Moore
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Matthew K. Gilbert
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Jeffrey W. Cary
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Matthew D. Lebar
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Kanniah Rajasekaran
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (B.M.M.); (M.K.G.); (J.W.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Kenneth E. Damann Jr.
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
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9
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Li T, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhu J, Hu R, Yang Y, Liu M. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis for High- and Low-Aflatoxin-Yield Aspergillus flavus Strains Isolated From Natural Environments. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:741875. [PMID: 34621259 PMCID: PMC8491651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.741875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying aflatoxin production have been well-studied in strains of the fungus Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) under artificial conditions. However, aflatoxin biosynthesis has rarely been studied in A. flavus strains isolated from field conditions with different aflatoxin-producing ability. In the present study, tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem-mass spectrometry analysis were used for proteomic quantification in natural isolates of high- and low-aflatoxin-yield A. flavus strains. Additionally, findings obtained using the TMT-labeling method were validated using the high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRM-HR) method. In total, 4,363 proteins were quantified, among which 1,045 proteins were differentially expressed between the high- and low-aflatoxin-yield A. flavus strains. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the up-regulated proteins were significantly enriched in carbon-related metabolism and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, whereas the down-regulated proteins were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, GST proteins were found to be significantly down-regulated in high-yield A. flavus strains; this result contradicted previous findings obtained from A. flavus strains grown under artificial conditions. In summary, our study provides novel insights into aflatoxin regulation in A. flavus under field conditions and could facilitate the development of various strategies for the effective control of aflatoxin contamination in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Guan Y, Chen J, Nepovimova E, Long M, Wu W, Kuca K. Aflatoxin Detoxification Using Microorganisms and Enzymes. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13010046. [PMID: 33435382 PMCID: PMC7827145 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination causes significant economic loss to food and feed industries and seriously threatens human health. Aflatoxins (AFs) are one of the most harmful mycotoxins, which are produced by Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and other fungi that are commonly found in the production and preservation of grain and feed. AFs can cause harm to animal and human health due to their toxic (carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic) effects. How to remove AF has become a major problem: biological methods cause no contamination, have high specificity, and work at high temperature, affording environmental protection. In the present research, microorganisms with detoxification effects researched in recent years are reviewed, the detoxification mechanism of microbes on AFs, the safety of degrading enzymes and reaction products formed in the degradation process, and the application of microorganisms as detoxification strategies for AFs were investigated. One of the main aims of the work is to provide a reliable reference strategy for biological detoxification of AFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.G.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (W.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Wenda Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (W.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (W.W.); (K.K.)
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