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Geng T, Pan L, Liu X, Dong D, Cui B, Guo L, Yuan C, Zhao M, Zhao H. Novel a-linolenic acid emulsions stabilized by octenyl succinylated starch -soy protein-epigallocatechin-3-gallate complexes: Characterization and antioxidant analysis. Food Chem 2024; 446:138878. [PMID: 38432138 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, octenyl succinylated starch (OSAS)-soy protein (SP)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) complexes were designed to enhance the physical and oxidative stability of α-linolenic acid emulsions. Formations of OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes were confirmed via particle size, ξ-potential, together with fourier transform infrared (FTIR). A mixing ratio of 1:2 for OSAS to SP-EGCG resulted in ternary complexes with the highest contact angle (59.69°), indicating the hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the characteristics of α-linolenic acid emulsions (oil phase volume fractions (φ) of 10% and 20%) stabilized by OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes were investigated, including particle size, ξ-potential, emulsion stability, oxidative stability, and microstructure. These results revealed exceptional physical stability together with enhanced oxidative stability for these emulsions. Particularly, emulsions utilizing complexes having a 1:2 OSAS to SP-EGCG ratio exhibited superior emulsion stability. These findings provide theoretical support to the development of emulsions containing high levels of α-linolenic acid and for the broader application of α-linolenic acid in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenglong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Lidan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Die Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
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Wu Z, Chen H, Yang B, Zhao J, Chen W. Structural identification and antioxidant activity of trans-9, trans-11, cis-15-conjugated linolenic acid converted by probiotics. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114258. [PMID: 38609236 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the chemical structures of octadecatrienoic acid isomers produced by probiotics through the bioconversion of α-linolenic acid and to assess their antioxidant capacities. The chemical structures were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS), while the antioxidant capacities were evaluated in vitro and in cellular. The NMR signals obtained allowed for definitive characterization, with the main ion fragments detected being m/z 58.0062, 59.0140, 71.0141, 113.0616, 127.0777, and 181.5833. Compounds at concentrations below 40 μM maintained the antioxidant capacity of HepG2 cells by protecting endogenous antioxidative enzymes and mitochondrial membrane potential. However, doses higher than 40 μM increase oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. These results confirmed the structure of the probiotic-derived compound as trans9, trans11, cis15-conjugated linolenic acid. Additionally, appropriate doses of CLNA can alleviate oxidative stress induced by AAPH, while high doses aggravate cellular damage. These findings provide foundational information for the further exploration of probiotic-derived edible lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Roux-Levy C, Binquet C, Vaysse C, Scherrer ML, Ayav A, Ortega-Deballon P, Lakkis Z, Liu D, Deguelte S, Cottet V. Association between polyunsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue and mortality of colorectal cancer patients. Nutrition 2024; 121:112358. [PMID: 38401197 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutritional intake and dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism play a role in the progression of various tumors, but the consumption of fatty acids is difficult to assess accurately with dietary questionnaires. Biomarkers can objectively assess intake, storage and bioavailability. OBJECTIVE We studied the association between the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (good indicator of dietary intake over 2-3 years) and all-cause mortality. METHODS In the multicenter AGARIC study, samples from 203 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing curative surgery, were harvested from subcutaneous adipose tissue, which were then analyzed for PUFA composition. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 45 months, 76 patients died. These patients were more often men (72.4% versus 57.5%, P = 0.04), diabetic (32.9% versus 13.4%, P = 0.001), old (median: 74.5 versus 66.6 years, P < 0.001) and with high alcohol consumption (47.4% versus 30.7%, P = 0.005). An increased risk of death was observed with higher levels of 20:2 ω-6 (hazard ratiotertile3 vstertile1 (HRT3vsT1) 2.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-4.42; p-trend = 0.04), 22:4 ω-6 (HRT3vsT1 = 3.52; 95% CI = 1.51-8.17; p-trend = 0.005), and 22:5 ω-6 (HRT3vsT1 = 3.50; 95% CI = 1.56-7.87; p-trend = 0.002). Conversely, the risk of death seemed lower when higher concentrations of 18:3 ω-6 (HRT3vsT1 = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.27-0.99; p-trend = 0.04) and the essential fatty acid, α-linolenic acid 18:3 ω-3 (HRT3vsT1 = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.24-0.93; p-trend = 0.03) were observed. CONCLUSION The risk of death was increased in CRC patients with higher concentrations of certain ω-6 PUFAs and lower concentrations of α-linolenic acid in their subcutaneous adipose tissue. These results reflect dietary habits and altered fatty acid metabolism. Our exploratory results warrant confirmation in larger studies with further exploration of the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Roux-Levy
- Inserm UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, LabEx LipSTIC ANR-11-LABX-0021, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- Inserm UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, LabEx LipSTIC ANR-11-LABX-0021, Dijon, France; Inserm CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology Team, Faculté de Médecine de Dijon, Dijon, France; University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Carole Vaysse
- ITERG - Team of Nutrition Life Sciences, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Lorraine Scherrer
- Department of Digestive, Cancer, Bariatric and Emergency Surgery, Regional Hospital Centre Metz Thionville, Hôpital de Mercy, Ars-Laquenexy, France
| | - Ahmet Ayav
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Nancy, Hôpital Brabois, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Pablo Ortega-Deballon
- Inserm UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, LabEx LipSTIC ANR-11-LABX-0021, Dijon, France; Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Zaher Lakkis
- Department of General, Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - David Liu
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sophie Deguelte
- Department of General, Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Vanessa Cottet
- Inserm UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, LabEx LipSTIC ANR-11-LABX-0021, Dijon, France; Inserm CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology Team, Faculté de Médecine de Dijon, Dijon, France; University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
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Huo J, Peng W, Ouyang H, Liu X, Wang P, Yu X, Xie T, Li S. Exploration of markers in oxidized rancidity walnut kernels based on lipidomics and volatolomics. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114141. [PMID: 38519173 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Walnut kernels are prone to oxidation and rancidity due to their rich lipid composition, but the existing evaluation indicators are not sensitive enough to promote their industrial development. This study aims to investigate the potential markers in oxidative rancidity walnut kernels using lipidomics and volatolomics. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity of walnut kernels significantly decreased after oxidation, with the decreasing of total phenolic content from 36276.34 mg GAE/kg to 31281.53 mg GAE/kg, the DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity from 89.25% to 73.54%, and 61.69% to 43.73%, respectively. The activities of lipoxygenase (LOX) and lipase (LPS) increased by 6.08-fold and 0.33-fold, respectively. By combining volatolomics and chemometrics methods, it was found that significant differences existed in the content of hexanal, caproic acid, 1-pentanol, (E)-2-octenal, and 2-heptanenal before and after walnut kernel oxidation (VIP > 1). Based on the results of lipidomics, it can be concluded that the above five compounds can serve as characteristic markers for walnut kernel oxidative rancidity, mainly produced through glycerol phospholipid (GPL), glyceride, linoleic acid (LA), and α-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism pathways. Possible mechanisms of lipid degradation in oxidized walnut kernels were also proposed, providing technical support for the storage, preservation, and high-value utilization of walnut kernels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Huo
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wu Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Deep Processing on Featured Agricultural Products in South Xinjiang, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Xiongwei Yu
- Wuhan Xudong Food Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430000, China
| | | | - Shugang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.
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Shen DP, Jiang P, Zhan CS. [Quality control of Tianwang Buxin Pills based on UPLC fingerprint and multi-component quantification]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1240-1248. [PMID: 38621970 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231123.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Tianwang Buxin Pills have demonstrated therapeutic effects in clinical practice, whereas there is a serious lack of comprehensive quality control to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) was employed to establish the fingerprint and the method for simultaneously determining the content of seven components of Tianwang Buxin Pills. Furthermore, chemometrics was employed to identify the key factors for the stable quality, which provided a reference for the comprehensive quality control and evaluation of this preparation. There were 25 common peaks in the UPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Tianwang Buxin Pills, from which thirteen compounds were identified. A quantitation method was established for seven pharmacological components(α-linolenic acid, salvianolic acid B, glycyrrhetinic acid, schisandrin A, β-asarone, 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose, and ligustilide). The principal component analysis(PCA) and partial least square discriminate analysis(PLS-DA) were performed to determine the key pharmacological components for controlling the quality stability of Tianwang Buxin Pills, which included 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose, α-linolenic acid, and β-asarone. The established fingerprint and multi-component content determination method have strong specificity, stability, and reliability. In addition, 3,6'-disinapoylsucrose, α-linolenic acid, and β-asarone are the key pharmacological components that ensure the quality stability between batches and can be used to comprehensively control the quality of Tianwang Buxin Pills. The findings provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation and standard establishment of Tianwang Buxin Pills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ping Shen
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201401, China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Innovation of Solid Preparation of TCM Shanghai 201401, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201401, China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Innovation of Solid Preparation of TCM Shanghai 201401, China
| | - Chang-Sen Zhan
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Shanghai 201401, China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Innovation of Solid Preparation of TCM Shanghai 201401, China
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Nejatian M, Ghandehari Yazdi AP, Fattahi R, Saberian H, Bazsefidpar N, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Improving the storage and oxidative stability of essential fatty acids by different encapsulation methods; a review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129548. [PMID: 38246446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid are the only essential fatty acids (EFAs) known to the human body. Other fatty acids (FAs) of the omega-6 and omega-3 families originate from linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, respectively, by the biological processes of elongation and desaturation. In diets with low fish consumption or vegetarianism, these FAs play an exclusive role in providing two crucial FAs for maintaining our body's vital functions; docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. However, these polyunsaturated FAs are inherently sensitive to oxidation, thereby adversely affecting the storage stability of oils containing them. In this study, we reviewed encapsulation as one of the promising solutions to increase the stability of EFAs. Accordingly, five main encapsulation techniques could be classified: (i) spray drying, (ii) freeze drying, (iii) emulsification, (iv) liposomal entrapment, and (v) other methods, including electrospinning/spraying, complex coacervation, etc. Among these, spray drying was the frequently applied technique for encapsulation of EFAs, followed by freeze dryers. In addition, maltodextrin and gum Arabic were the main wall materials in carriers. Paying attention to industrial scalability and lower cost of the encapsulation process by the other methods are the important aspects that should be given more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nejatian
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Pouya Ghandehari Yazdi
- Department of Research and Development, Zarmacaron Company, Zar Industrial and Research Group, Alborz, Iran.
| | - Reza Fattahi
- Department of Research and Development, Zarmacaron Company, Zar Industrial and Research Group, Alborz, Iran
| | - Hamed Saberian
- Technical Centre of Agriculture, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Bazsefidpar
- Department of Research and Development, Zarmacaron Company, Zar Industrial and Research Group, Alborz, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co., Gorgan, Iran; Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
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Cofán M, Checa A, Serra-Mir M, Roth I, Valls-Pedret C, Lopez-Illamola A, Doménech M, Rajaram S, Lázaro I, Sabaté J, Ros E, Wheelock CE, Sala-Vila A. A Walnut-Enriched Diet for 2 Years Changes the Serum Oxylipin Profile in Healthy Older Persons. J Nutr 2024; 154:395-402. [PMID: 38081585 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxylipins are products derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that play a role in cardiovascular disease and aging. Fish oil-derived n-3 PUFAs promote the formation of anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory oxylipins; however, there are little data on oxylipins derived from α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3), the primary plant-derived n-3 PUFA. Walnuts are a source of C18:3n-3. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect on serum oxylipins of a diet enriched with walnuts at 15% energy (30-60 g/d; 2.6-5.2 g C18:3n-3/d) for 2 y compared to a control diet (abstention from walnuts) in healthy older males and females (63-79 y). METHODS The red blood cell proportion of α-linolenic acid was determined by gas chromatography as a measure of compliance. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure serum concentrations of 53 oxylipins in participants randomly assigned to receive the walnut diet (n = 64) or the control diet (n = 51). Two-year concentration changes (final minus baseline) were log-transformed (base log-10) and standardized (mean-centered and divided by the standard deviation of each variable). Volcano plots were then generated (fold change ≥1.5; false discovery rate ≤0.1). For each oxylipin delta surviving multiple testing, we further assessed between-intervention group differences by analysis of covariance adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and the baseline concentration of the oxylipin. RESULTS The 2-y change in red blood cell C18:3n-3 in the walnut group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Compared to the control diet, the walnut diet resulted in statistically significantly greater increases in 3 C18:3n-3-derived oxylipins (9-HOTrE, 13-HOTrE, and 12,13-EpODE) and in the C20:5n-3 derived 14,15-diHETE, and greater reductions of the C20:4n-6-derived 5-HETE, 19-HETE, and 5,6-diHETrE. CONCLUSIONS Long-term walnut consumption changes the serum oxylipin profile in healthy older persons. Our results add novel mechanistic evidence on the cardioprotective effects of walnuts. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01634841.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Cofán
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Checa
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Serra-Mir
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Roth
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Lopez-Illamola
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Doménech
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, United States.
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8
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Fontes AL, Neves B, Conde T, Couto D, Pimentel LL, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Domingues MR, Gomes AM. Short-communication: Study of fatty acid metabolites in microbial conjugated fatty acids-enrichment of milk and discovery of additional undescribed conjugated linolenic acid isomers. Food Chem 2024; 432:137276. [PMID: 37659326 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbially enriched food in conjugated linoleic (CLA) and conjugated linolenic (CLNA) acids is intensively studied nowadays. The conversion of linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic acids (α-LNA) into these compounds may involve different fatty acid (FA) intermediates. This research aimed to investigate potential FA byproducts in milk during microbial CLA/CLNA-enrichment using Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20091. Milk fermented with pure α-LNA showed a decrease in free myristic acid, while pure LA led to an increase in free stearic acid. No additional FA compounds were found alongside CLA/CLNA isomers. The strain produced several CLA isomers from LA, but only when administered alone. Nonetheless, when α-LNA was assayed, additional CLNA isomers, never reported before for bifidobacteria, were observed. In conclusion, except for stearic acid in the presence of LA, no side-FA metabolites were released during milk microbial CLA/CLNA-enrichment. Results suggest either CLA/CLNA production occurs in one single-step or intermediates biotransformation is very fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Fontes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Bruna Neves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Conde
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Couto
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Lígia Leão Pimentel
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Alcalá
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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9
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Han GJ, Liu YD, Qu LF. [Analysis of contents of different kinds of fatty acids in carotid atherosclerotic plaques]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:325-331. [PMID: 38281799 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231101-00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the contents of different kinds of fatty acids in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: A total of 24 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from October 2021 to September 2022 due to moderate and severe carotid artery stenosis were retrospectively enrolled, including 20 males and 4 females, with a median age[M(Q1, Q3)] of 68.5 (63.5, 72.3) years. According to the symptoms of cerebral ischemia, the patients were divided into a symptomatic group (12 cases) and an asymptomatic group (12 cases). Regarding the pathological characteristics, the patients were divided into a stable group (14 cases) and a vulnerable group (10 cases) according to carotid plaque pathology scores. The expression differences of different types of fatty acids in carotid plaques were analyzed by targeted fatty acid metabolomics technology based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Results: In the 24 samples, the median amount of fatty acids [M (Q1, Q3)] was 1 113 (330, 5 897) ng/g. A total of 13 medium and long-chain fatty acids were detected, including saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The content of saturated fatty acids was 584 (290, 9 888) ng/g, accounting for the highest proportion of 51.8%. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was 1 444 (393, 4 264) ng/g, accounting for 44.4%. The content of monounsaturated fatty acids was 2 793 (1 558, 3 247) ng/g, accounting for 3.8%. The contents of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid and oleic acid in carotid plaques in the symptomatic group were 1 760 (581, 3 006), 682 (527, 886) and 2 081 (1 358, 2 907) ng/g, respectively, which were lower than those in the asymptomatic group 3 149 (2 226, 4 683), 1 423 (964, 2 270) and 3 178 (2 352, 3 993) ng/g (all P<0.05). The contents of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid and oleic acid in carotid plaques in the vulnerable group were 1 537 (588, 2 921), 649 (477, 850) and 2 081 (1 129, 2 831) ng/g, respectively, which were lower than those in the stable group 3 149 (2 047, 4 416), 1 423 (940, 2 184) and 3 091 (2 201, 3 973) ng/g (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of 11, 14-eicosadienoic acid, γ-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, erucic acid, margaric acid, pentadecanoic acid, stearic acid, dodecanoic acid and palmitic acid (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Saturated fatty acids are the main type in carotid plaques. The contents of oleic acid, α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid decrease in vulnerable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Han
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Y D Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, the 905th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Navy, Shanghai 200050, China;Han Guojing and Liu Yandong contributed equally to the artide
| | - L F Qu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Hasanpour M, Rezaie A, Iranshahy M, Yousefi M, Saberi S, Iranshahi M. 1H NMR-based metabolomics study of the lipid profile of omega-3 fatty acid supplements and some vegetable oils. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115848. [PMID: 37948777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids, which consist of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are a type of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are crucial for enhancing human health. These three omega-3s are regarded as vital dietary nutrients because it cannot synthesize them on its own. Therefore, they must be obtained through dietary sources. On the other hands, there are concerns regarding the quality and quantity of omega-3 in dietary sources and supplements. In this study, 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis were harnessed for non-destructive profiling of fatty acids in commercially available omega-3 supplements and plant-based oils. Results disclosed substantial disparities in omega-3 content from 8 to over 50 %, with some revealing unexpected adulteration. Notably, in one fish oil sample DHA could not be detected indicating the possibility of adulteration. Additionally, the research delineated the fatty acid composition of plant-based oils, emphasizing variations in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) content among flaxseed, chia seed, and walnut oils. Chia seeds emerged as a rich source of ALA (57-65 %mol), while walnuts contained considerable LA (44-53 % mol). The findings emphasize the power of metabolomics as a rapid and affordable tool for finding omega-3 fatty acids content and adulteration in commercial dietary products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Hasanpour
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mojtaba Yousefi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Satar Saberi
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Zhang N, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Yang K, Yang X, An M, Tian C, Li J. Based on network pharmacology and experiments to explore the underlying mechanism of Mahonia bealei (Fortune) Carrière for treating alcoholic hepatocellular carcinoma. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116919. [PMID: 37453621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mahonia bealei (Fortune) Carrière (M. bealei) is a traditional medicine widely used by the Hmong community in Guizhou. It possesses diverse biological activities and shows promise in cancer treatment; however, contemporary pharmacological research in this area is lacking. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of M. bealei on alcoholic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially employed the LC-MS/MS method to identify the compounds present in M. bealei serum. Subsequently, its potential targets were predicted using public databases. Bioinformatics and network pharmacology approaches, such as univariate Cox regression and random forest (RF) algorithms, were utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the prognosis of alcoholic HCC. Survival curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted using alcoholic HCC-related data from TCGA and GEO to determine the diagnostic value of the identified DEGs. Molecular docking using the CDOCKER approach based on CHARMm was performed to validate the affinity between the predictive compounds and targets. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of M. bealei on cell proliferation, migration, and conducted western blot assays. RESULTS The LC-MS/MS approach identified 17 therapeutic components and predicted 483 component-related targets, of which 63 overlapped with alcoholic HCC targets and were considered potential therapeutic targets. GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant associations between the 63 overlapping targets and alcoholic HCC progression. Through various approaches in the Cytoscape 3.9.0 software, we confirmed 9 hub genes (CDK1, CXCR4, DNMT1, ESR1, KIT, PDGFRB, SERPINE1, TOP2A, and TYMS) as core targets. TOP2A and CDK1 genes were identified as advantageous for diagnosing alcoholic HCC using univariate Cox regression, RF, survival curve, and ROC analysis. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated strong binding affinity between key bioactive components cyclamic acid, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid, perfluorosulfonic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, adenosine receptor antagonist (CGS 15943), and Prodigiosin and TOP2A and CDK1. In vitro experiments confirmed that M. bealei significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells, while downregulating TOP2A and CDK1 expression. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential of M. bealei as a natural medicine for the treatment of alcoholic HCC. Six compounds (cyclamic acid, perfluoroalkylic carboxylic acids, perfluorosulfonic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, adenosine receptor antagonist (CGS 15943), and Prodigiosin) present in M. bealei serum may exhibit therapeutic effects against alcoholic HCC by downregulating CDK1 and TOP2A expression levels in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Kaiping Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xia Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingyu An
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Changlin Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Bukowski MR, Goslee S. Climate-based variability in the essential fatty acid composition of soybean oil. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:58-68. [PMID: 38176781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean oil is a major dietary source of the essential fatty acids linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA); however, high-daytime temperatures during seed development reduce desaturase activity in soybeans. The resultant reduction in LA and ALA levels is a phenomenon well-known to soybean breeders, although the impact of this interaction between plants and environment on human nutrition is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Using data from the literature, we developed a model for soybean essential fatty acid composition. Combining this model with contemporary agricultural and meteorological data sets, we determined whether insufficiency of essential fatty acids could result from geographic, intrayear, or interyear variability. METHODS We modeled this change using 233 data points from 16 studies that provided fatty acid composition data from plants grown under daytime high temperatures ranging from 15°C to 40°C. RESULTS As temperature increased, LA and ALA concentrations decreased from 55% to 30% and 13% to 3.5%, respectively. Application of the model to daytime high temperatures from 2 growth periods over 6 y showed significant regional, interyear, and intrayear variation in essential fatty acid content (P < 0.05). Using county yield data, we developed oil fatty acid models for the 3 top-producing regions of the United States. From this work, it was determined that soybean oil manufactured from soybeans in the southern United States may contain insufficient ALA to meet human nutritional needs because of high-daytime temperatures. CONCLUSIONS This work suggests that climate-based variation may result in many human populations not achieving an adequate daily intake of ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Bukowski
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, United States.
| | - Sarah Goslee
- Pasture Systems & Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, University Park, PA, United States
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Tian W, Yan X, Zeng Z, Xia J, Zhao J, Zeng G, Yu P, Wen X, Gong D. Enzymatic interesterification improves the lipid composition, physicochemical properties and rheological behavior of Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil, Pangasius bocourti stearin and perilla seed oil blends. Food Chem 2024; 430:137026. [PMID: 37517373 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of enzymatic interesterification on the lipid composition, physicochemical properties and rheological behavior of Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil (CCSKO), Pangasius bocourti stearin (PBST) and perilla seed oil (PSO) blends. The results showed that the interesterification process significantly changed the TAG profile of the blends. Lipid products from the enzymatic interesterification (EIE) had significantly lower slide melting point and solid fat content than the non-interesterification (NIE) lipid products. Interesterification process changed the crystal polymorphic forms from β > β' of NIE to β < β' of EIE. The crystal morphology of EIE was smaller and more diffuse compared to the NIE. Moreover, EIE showed improved rheological behavior, which was more suitable for food margarine preparation. The findings have provided a theoretical basis for the potential application of Lipozyme TL IM modified lipid products in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xianghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Jiaheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Junxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Guibing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Xuefang Wen
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Science, Nanchang, 330096, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
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14
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Seike M, Ashida H, Yamashita Y. Dietary flaxseed oil induces production of adiponectin in visceral fat and prevents obesity in mice. Nutr Res 2024; 121:16-27. [PMID: 38039598 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Induction of obesity by dietary fats and oils differs according to the type of fat. Adiponectin is believed to be related to obesity prevention. We hypothesized that flaxseed oil is important for preventing obesity and producing adiponectin. To clarify this hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between obesity and different fat sources in mice fed diets with 6 types of fat and oils. C57BL/6J mice were given a control diet containing 5% corn oil or a high-fat diet containing 20% of either lard, palm oil, rapeseed oil, oleate-rich safflower oil, corn oil, or flaxseed oil for 14 weeks. In another experiment, mice were given a control diet and rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg body weight) by oral gavage for 1 week. At the end of study, plasma adiponectin and expression of fatty acid metabolism-related factors in white and brown adipose tissue and the liver were measured. Dietary flaxseed oil, which is rich in α-linolenic acid, did not induce obesity. Flaxseed oil resulted in increased β-oxidation-related factors in epididymal white adipose tissue, decreased fatty acid synthesis-related factors in the liver, and thermogenesis-related factor in brown adipose tissue following increase of plasma adiponectin. The results suggested that increase in plasma adiponectin after intake of flaxseed oil may be due to altered expression of AdipoQ and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in epididymal white adipose tissue. Flaxseed oil increased expression of adiponectin in visceral fat and regulated obesity-controlling fatty acid metabolism-related factors in white adipose tissue and liver, and thermogenesis-related factor in brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Seike
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
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Yang J, Liu S, Zhao Q, Li X, Jiang K. Gut microbiota-related metabolite alpha-linolenic acid mitigates intestinal inflammation induced by oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Microbiome 2023; 11:273. [PMID: 38087373 PMCID: PMC10714487 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral infection with cysts is the main transmission route of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which leads to lethal intestinal inflammation. It has been widely recognized that T. gondii infection alters the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota, thereby affecting the progression of toxoplasmosis. However, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In our previous study, there was a decrease in the severity of toxoplasmosis after T. gondii α-amylase (α-AMY) was knocked out. Here, we established mouse models of ME49 and Δα-amy cyst infection and then took advantage of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analysis to identify specific gut microbiota-related metabolites that mitigate T. gondii-induced intestinal inflammation and analyzed the underlying mechanism. RESULTS There were significant differences in the intestinal inflammation between ME49 cyst- and Δα-amy cyst-infected mice, and transferring feces from mice infected with Δα-amy cysts into antibiotic-treated mice mitigated colitis caused by T. gondii infection. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the relative abundances of gut bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, [Prevotella], Paraprevotella and Macellibacteroides, were enriched in mice challenged with Δα-amy cysts. Spearman correlation analysis between gut microbiota and metabolites indicated that some fatty acids, including azelaic acid, suberic acid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and citramalic acid, were highly positively correlated with the identified bacterial genera. Both oral administration of ALA and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restrained the MyD88/NF-κB pathway, which mitigated colitis and ultimately improved host survival. Furthermore, transferring feces from mice treated with ALA reshaped the colonization of beneficial bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae, Proteobacteria, Shigella, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus. CONCLUSIONS The present findings demonstrate that the host gut microbiota is closely associated with the severity of T. gondii infection. We provide the first evidence that ALA can alleviate T. gondii-induced colitis by improving the dysregulation of the host gut microbiota and suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Our study provides new insight into the medical application of ALA for the treatment of lethal intestinal inflammation caused by Toxoplasma infection. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Songhao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Kangfeng Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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Pinar-Martí A, Fernández-Barrés S, Gignac F, Persavento C, Delgado A, Romaguera D, Lázaro I, Ros E, López-Vicente M, Salas-Salvadó J, Sala-Vila A, Júlvez J. Red blood cell omega-3 fatty acids and attention scores in healthy adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:2187-2195. [PMID: 35960396 PMCID: PMC10576734 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids are critical for brain function. Adolescence is increasingly believed to entail brain vulnerability to dietary intake. In contrast to the abundant research on the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cognition, research on DHA and attention in healthy adolescents is scarce. In addition, the role of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the vegetable omega-3 fatty acid, is unexplored. We examined associations between DHA and ALA and attention function among a healthy young population. In this cross-sectional study conducted in 372 adolescents (13.8 ± 0.9 years-old), we determined the red blood cell proportions of DHA and ALA by gas chromatography (objective biomarkers of their long-term dietary intake) and measured attention scores through the Attention Network Test. We constructed multivariable linear regression models to analyze associations, controlling for known confounders. Compared to participants at the lowest DHA tertile (reference), those at the highest DHA tertile showed significantly lower hit reaction time-standard error (higher attentiveness) (28.13 ms, 95% confidence interval [CI] = - 52.30; - 3.97), lower hit reaction time ( - 38.30 ms, 95% CI = - 73.28; - 3.33) and lower executive conflict response ( - 5.77 ms, 95% CI = - 11.44; - 0.09). In contrast, higher values were observed in those at the top tertile of ALA in hit reaction time compared to the lowest one (46.14 ms, 95% CI = 9.90; 82.34). However, a beneficial association was observed for ALA, with decreasing impulsivity index across tertiles. Overall, our results suggest that DHA (reflecting its dietary intake) is associated with attention performance in typically developing adolescents. The role of dietary ALA in attention is less clear, although higher blood levels of ALA appear to result in lower impulsivity. Future intervention studies are needed to determine the causality of these associations and to better shape dietary recommendations for brain health during the adolescence period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Pinar-Martí
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Silvia Fernández-Barrés
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Gignac
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Persavento
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Delgado
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica López-Vicente
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jordi Júlvez
- Unversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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Drobner T, Braun TS, Kiehntopf M, Schlattmann P, Lorkowski S, Dawczynski C. Evaluation of Influencing Factors on Metabolism of Land-Based n-3 Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids-The KoALA Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4461. [PMID: 37892536 PMCID: PMC10610546 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of influencing factors (sex, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) status at baseline, linoleic acid (LA) intake, milk fat intake) on the conversion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) obtained from linseed oil into its long-chain metabolites. In addition, the effect of ALA on cardiovascular risk markers was investigated. This study used a parallel design approach by randomly assigning the 134 subjects to one of four diets (high in LA (HLA); low in LA (LLA); high in milk fat (MF); control (Western diet)) each enriched with linseed oil (10 en%, 22-27 mL ≙ 13-16 g ALA). Blood samples were taken at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of dietary intervention. The study was fully completed by 105 subjects (57.4 ± 12.1 years; 65.7% female). Results showed that ALA (296-465%), C-20:4n3 (54-140%), and EPA (37-73%) concentrations in erythrocytes increased in all groups (p < 0.01). In contrast, docosahexaenoic acid (19-35%, p < 0.01) and n-3 index (10-21%, p < 0.05) dropped in the HLA, LLA, and control groups. An increase in C-22:5n3 was only observed in the MF (36%) and control groups (11%) (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase in LA (7-27%) was found in the HLA, LLA, and control groups, whereas C-20:3n6 (16-22%), arachidonic acid (10-16%), C-22:4n6 (12-30%), and C-22:5n6 (32-47%) decreased (p < 0.01). The conversion into EPA was higher in men than in women (69 vs. 39%, p = 0.043) and in subjects with low EPA status compared to participants with high EPA status (79 vs. 29%, p < 0.001). A high LA status attenuates the conversion rate. In line with the literature, no clear effects on blood lipids and parameters of glucose metabolism were found in relation to ALA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Drobner
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.D.); (T.S.B.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany; (P.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Theresa S. Braun
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.D.); (T.S.B.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany; (P.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany; (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Data Science, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany; (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Dawczynski
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (T.D.); (T.S.B.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany; (P.S.); (S.L.)
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Harauma A, Yoshihara H, Hoshi Y, Hamazaki K, Moriguchi T. Effects of Varied Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Postpartum Mental Health and the Association between Prenatal Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Postpartum Mental Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:4388. [PMID: 37892462 PMCID: PMC10610328 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the postpartum mental health of women who had consumed perilla oil or fish oil containing various omega-3 fatty acids for 12 weeks starting in mid-pregnancy. The association between fatty acids in maternal erythrocytes and mental health risk factors was also examined. Healthy Japanese primiparas in mid-pregnancy (gestational weeks 18-25) were randomly divided into two groups and consumed approximately 2.0 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids in either perilla oil (the ALA dose was 2.4 g/day) or fish oil (the EPA + DHA dose was 1.7 g/day) for 12 weeks. Maternal mental health was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as the primary measure and the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) as the secondary measure. Data from an observational study were used as a historical control. Maternal blood, cord blood, and colostrum samples were collected for fatty acid composition analysis. In addition, completers of the observational studies were enrolled in a case-control study, wherein logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between maternal fatty acids and EPDS score. The proportion of participants with a high EPDS score (≥9) was significantly lower in the perilla oil group (12.0%, p = 0.044) but not in the fish oil group (22.3%, p = 0.882) compared with the historical control (21.6%), while the proportions between the former groups also tended to be lower (p = 0.059). No marked effect of omega-3 fatty acid intake was observed from the MIBS results. In the case-control study of the historical control, high levels of α-linolenic acid in maternal erythrocytes were associated with an EPDS score of <9 (odds ratio of 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.06, 0.84, p = 0.018 for trend). The results of this study suggest that consumption of α-linolenic acid during pregnancy may stabilize postpartum mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Harauma
- Laboratory for Functional Lipid Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan;
| | - Hajime Yoshihara
- Japan Community Health Care Organization, Sagamino Hospital, 1-2-30 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-0206, Japan;
| | - Yukino Hoshi
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Science, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan;
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Toru Moriguchi
- Laboratory for Functional Lipid Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan;
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Science, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan;
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Sato M, Ota R, Kobayashi S, Yamakawa-Kobayashi K, Miura T, Ido A, Ohhara Y. Bioproduction of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by nematode fatty acid desaturases and elongase in Drosophila melanogaster. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:411-421. [PMID: 37615877 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), including α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are essential nutrients for vertebrates including humans. Vertebrates are n-3 PUFA-auxotrophic; hence, dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs is required for their normal physiology and development. Although fish meal and oil have been utilized as primary sources of n-3 PUFAs by humans and aquaculture, these traditional n-3 PUFA sources are expected to be exhausted because of the increasing consumption requirements of humans. Hence, it is necessary to establish alternative n-3 PUFA sources to reduce the gap between the supply and demand of n-3 PUFAs. Here, we investigated whether insects, which are considered as a novel source of essential nutrients, could store n-3 PUFAs by the forced expression of n-3 PUFA biosynthetic enzymes. We utilized Drosophila as an insect model to generate transgenic strains expressing Caenorhabditis elegans PUFA biosynthetic enzymes and examined their effects on the proportion of fatty acids. The ubiquitous expression of methyl-end desaturase FAT-1 prominently enhanced the proportions of α-linolenic acid, indicating that FAT-1 is useful for metabolic engineering to fortify α-linolenic acid in insect. Furthermore, the ubiquitous expression of nematode front-end desaturases (FAT-3 and FAT-4), PUFA elongase (ELO-1), and FAT-1 led to EPA bioproduction. Hence, nematode PUFA biosynthetic genes may serve as powerful genetic tools for enhancing the proportion of EPA in insects. This study represents the first step toward the establishment of n-3 PUFA-producing insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Sato
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryoma Ota
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kimiko Yamakawa-Kobayashi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7, Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ido
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7, Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yuya Ohhara
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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20
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Wang Q, Wang X. The Effect of Plant-Derived Low-Ratio Linoleic Acid/α-Linolenic Acid on Markers of Glucose Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14383. [PMID: 37762686 PMCID: PMC10532139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of a low-ratio linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) diet on the glycemic profile of adults. A comprehensive search was performed across four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed) to evaluate the influence of the low-ratio LA/ALA. Relevant references were screened up until February 2023. Intervention effects were analyzed by calculating change values as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using fixed-effects models. Additionally, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were employed to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-one randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and the low-ratio LA/ALA diet had no significant effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS, WMD: 0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.06, p = 0.989, I2 = 0.0%), insulin levels (WMD: 0.20 μIU/mL, 95% CI: -0.23, 0.63, p = 0.360, I2 = 3.2%), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, WMD: 0.09, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.23, p = 0.243, I2 = 0.0%), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, WMD: -0.01%, 95% CI: -0.07, 0.06, p = 0.836, I2 = 0.0%). Based on subgroup analyses, it was observed that the impact of a low-ratio LA/ALA diet on elevated plasma insulin (WMD: 1.31 μIU/mL, 95% CI: 0.08, 2.54, p = 0.037, I2 = 32.0%) and HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.84, p = 0.012, I2 = 0.0%) levels exhibited greater prominence in North America compared to Asian and European countries. Publication bias was not detected for FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c levels according to the Begg and Egger tests. Furthermore, the conducted sensitivity analyses indicated stability, as the effects of the low-ratio LA/ALA diet on various glycemic and related metrics remained unchanged even after removing individual studies. Overall, based on the available studies, it can be concluded that the low-ratio LA/ALA diet has limited impact on blood glucose-related biomarker levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
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21
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Chamorro R, Farías R, Allende P, Acuña M, Cáceres P, Gómez F, Ortiz A, Tapia D, Farías C, Valenzuela R. Effect of a pescetarian and vegan diet on fatty acid composition in blood and spermatozoa in young healthy men. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 196:102582. [PMID: 37544056 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing interest in vegetarian and vegan diets, but both can potentially affect tissue fatty acids (FA) composition. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vegetarian diets on plasma, erythrocytes, and sperm n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) status in healthy young men. METHODS Four groups were studied: i) men consuming a regular omnivore diet (OMV-1, n = 35); ii) men consuming an omnivore diet but excluding fish and seafood (OMV-2, n = 34); iii) men consuming a pescetarian diet (including dairy, eggs, fish, and seafood) (PESC, n = 36); and iv) men following a strict vegan diet (VEG, n = 35). Participants in each group should follow their diet for at least the previous 12 months. Diet evaluation used a structured validated food frequency questionnaire. FA composition was measured in plasma, erythrocyte phospho-lipids, and spermatozoa by gas-liquid chromatography, expressed as a mole percentage of the total FA content. RESULTS Main findings showed higher alpha-linolenic fatty acid (ALA) and total n-3 PUFA dietary intake in the VEG group. In plasma, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids were higher in OMV and PESC groups, whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level was lower in VEG. Higher ALA, but reduced DHA and total n-3 PUFA levels were found in erythrocytes and spermatozoa in the VEG group. CONCLUSION Higher dietary ALA intake was found in pescetarians and vegan men. However, the higher ALA intake was not reflected in higher DHA content in the evaluated tissues. PUFA assessment, with particular emphasis in DHA, are necessary to improve PUFA status in vegan men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Chamorro
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rut Farías
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Allende
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Acuña
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Cáceres
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Gómez
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Abigail Ortiz
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Tapia
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Farías
- Nutrition and Dietetics School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Curicó, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Gorina SS, Egorova AM, Lantsova NV, Toporkova YY, Grechkin AN. Discovery of α-Linolenic Acid 16( S)-Lipoxygenase: Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Vegetative Lipoxygenase 3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12977. [PMID: 37629162 PMCID: PMC10454662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The GC-MS profiling of the endogenous oxylipins (Me/TMS) from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) leaves, flowers, and fruit peels revealed a remarkable abundance of 16-hydroxy-9,12,14-octadecatrienoic acid (16-HOT). Incubations of homogenates from these organs with α-linolenic acid yielded 16(S)-hydroperoxide (16-HPOT) as a predominant product. Targeted proteomic analyses of these tissues revealed the presence of several highly homologous isoforms of the putative "9S-lipoxygenase type 6". One of these isoenzymes (CsLOX3, an 877 amino acid polypeptide) was prepared by heterologous expression in E. coli and exhibited 16(S)- and 13(S)-lipoxygenase activity toward α-linolenic and linoleic acids, respectively. Furthermore, α-linolenate was a preferred substrate. The molecular structures of 16(S)-HOT and 16(S)-HPOT (Me or Me/TMS) were unequivocally confirmed by the mass spectral data, 1H-NMR, 2D 1H-1H-COSY, TOCSY, HMBC, and HSQC spectra, as well as enantiomeric HPLC analyses. Thus, the vegetative CsLOX3, biosynthesizing 16(S)-HPOT, is the first 16(S)-LOX and ω3-LOX ever discovered. Eicosapentaenoic and hexadecatrienoic acids were also specifically transformed to the corresponding ω3(S)-hydroperoxides by CsLOX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S Gorina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alevtina M Egorova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Natalia V Lantsova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana Y Toporkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia
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23
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Chen J, Liu Q, Yuan L, Shen W, Shi Q, Qi G, Chen T, Zhang Z. Osa-miR162a Enhances the Resistance to the Brown Planthopper via α-Linolenic Acid Metabolism in Rice ( Oryza sativa). J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:11847-11859. [PMID: 37493591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most serious pest causing yield losses in rice. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key modulators of plant-pest interactions. In the study, we found that osa-miR162a is induced in response to BPH attack in the seedling stage and tunes rice resistance to the BPH via the α-linolenic acid metabolism pathway as indicated by gas chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Overexpression of osa-miR162a inhibited the development and growth of the BPH and simultaneously reduced the release of 3-hexenal and 3-hexen-1-ol to block host recognition in the BPH. Moreover, knockdown of OsDCL1, which is targeted by osa-miR162a, inhibited α-linolenic acid metabolism to enhance the resistance to the BPH, which was similar to that in miR162a-overexpressing plants. Our study revealed a novel defense mechanism mediated by plant miRNAs developed during the long-term evolution of plant-host interaction, provided new ideas for the identification of rice resistance resources, and promoted a better understanding of pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Longyu Yuan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenzhong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MARA), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research Institute, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingxing Shi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Guojun Qi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenfei Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
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Xiang F, Niu H, Yao L, Yang J, Cheng S, Zhou Z, Saimaiti R, Matnur Y, Talifu A, Zhou W, Zeper A. Exploring the effect of the Uyghur medicine Munziq Balgam on a collagen-induced arthritis rat model by UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics approach. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 310:116437. [PMID: 36977448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Munziq Balgam (MBm) is a classic preparation of a traditional Uyghur medicine used for many years to treat abnormal body fluid diseases. The formula, as an in-hospital preparation, has already been used in the Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with significant clinical effects. AIM OF THE STUDY This study intends to reveal the intervention effect of MBm on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, discover the potential biomarkers with efficacy, and explore the mechanisms of metabolic regulation by using metabolomics method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: blank group, CIA model group, Munziq Balgam nomal-dosage, Munziq Balgam high-dosage group and control group. Body weight, paw swelling, arthritis index, immune indices and histopathological experiments were carried out. Plasma from rats were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Metabolomics of plasma was performed to analyze metabolic profiles, potential biomarkers, and metabolic pathways of MBm for CIA rats. The main metabolic result of Uyghur medicine MBm was compared with that of Zhuang medicine Longzuantongbi granules (LZTBG) to explore the characteristics of two ethnic medicines from different regions for RA. RESULTS MBm could significantly alleviate symptoms of CIA rats by relieving arthritis symptoms on paw redness and swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, pannus, cartilage and bone tissue destruction, as well as inhibiting the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, UA and ALP. Linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, achidonic acid, gycerophospholipid, sphingolipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and fatty acid degradation served as the main nine pathways of the interventional effect of MBm on CIA rats. Twenty-three different metabolites were screened out and strongly associated with the indicator makes of RA. Eight potential efficacy-related biomarkers were finally discovered in metabolic pathway network (phosphatidylcholine, bilirubin, sphinganine 1-phosphate, phytosphingosine, SM (d18:1/16:0), pantothenic acid, l-palmitoylcarnitine, chenodeoxycholate). Three metabolites (chenodeoxycholate, hyodeoxycholic acid and O-palmitoleoylcarnitine) were changed in both the metabolic study of MBm and LZTBG intervention effects on CIA rats. Additionally, MBm and LZTBG shared the same 6 metabolic pathways including linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, achidonic acid, gycerophospholipid, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The study suggested that MBm may effectively alleviate RA by regulating inflammation, immunity-related pathways and multiple targets. Metabolomics analysis showed that MBm (Xinjiang, the north of China) and LZTBG (Guangxi, the south of China), two ethnic medicines from different regions in China, share common metabolites and pathways but also have distinct differences in their interventions for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongjuan Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lan Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuohan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Refuhati Saimaiti
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, 830049, China
| | - Yusup Matnur
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, 830049, China
| | - Ainiwaer Talifu
- Hospital of Xinjiang Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, 830049, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Abliz Zeper
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Strandvik B, Qureshi AR, Painer J, Backman-Johansson C, Engvall M, Fröbert O, Kindberg J, Stenvinkel P, Giroud S. Elevated plasma phospholipid n-3 docosapentaenoic acid concentrations during hibernation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285782. [PMID: 37294822 PMCID: PMC10256182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors for initiating hibernation are unknown, but the condition shares some metabolic similarities with consciousness/sleep, which has been associated with n-3 fatty acids in humans. We investigated plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles during hibernation and summer in free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) and in captive garden dormice (Eliomys quercinus) contrasting in their hibernation patterns. The dormice received three different dietary fatty acid concentrations of linoleic acid (LA) (19%, 36% and 53%), with correspondingly decreased alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (32%, 17% and 1.4%). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids showed small differences between summer and hibernation in both species. The dormice diet influenced n-6 fatty acids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations in plasma phospholipids. Consistent differences between summer and hibernation in bears and dormice were decreased ALA and EPA and marked increase of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and a minor increase of docosahexaenoic acid in parallel with several hundred percent increase of the activity index of elongase ELOVL2 transforming C20-22 fatty acids. The highest LA supply was unexpectantly associated with the highest transformation of the n-3 fatty acids. Similar fatty acid patterns in two contrasting hibernating species indicates a link to the hibernation phenotype and requires further studies in relation to consciousness and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Strandvik
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet NEO, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Johanna Painer
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Martin Engvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole Fröbert
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Health, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- StenoDiabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Kindberg
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sylvain Giroud
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Kim Y, Choi SH, Choi KJ, Kim HJ, Kang JS, Hong DJ. Unsaturated free fatty acid emulsion infusion into carotid artery enhances drug delivery to the rat brain. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2994. [PMID: 37218399 PMCID: PMC10275518 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether the blood-brain barrier (BBB) opens to enhance drug delivery during the acute stage of unsaturated fat embolism. METHODS We infused oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid emulsions through the right common carotid artery of rats, followed by trypan blue for gross and lanthanum for electron microscopic (EM) examination. Doxorubicin and temozolomide were also administered, and then the rats were euthanized at 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h. Trypan blue hue was analyzed to semiquantitatively measure BBB opening. Desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) imaging was used to evaluate drug delivery. RESULTS Trypan blue staining observed in each group 30 min after emulsion infusion increased at 1 h and decreased after 2 h in the oleic acid group. The linoleic and linolenic acid groups showed weak staining over time. The hue and trypan blue analysis results were corroborative. EM showed tight junction opening, whereas DESI-MS imaging showed increased doxorubicin and temozolomide signal intensities in ipsilateral hemispheres of all three groups. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid emulsions opened the BBB, promoting drug delivery to the brain. Hue analysis and DESI-MS imaging are appropriate for analysis of doxorubicin and temozolomide concentrations in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐Woo Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of MedicinePusan National University, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalBusanSouth Korea
| | - Seon Hee Choi
- Institute for Research and Industry CooperationPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Ki Joo Choi
- MSD‐EM, Thermo Fisher ScientificHillsboroOregonUSA
| | - Hak Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of MedicinePusan National University, Pusan National University Hospital, Biomedical Institute of Pusan National University HospitalPusanSouth Korea
| | - Jin Sook Kang
- School of Mechanical engineeringPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Dong Jin Hong
- Department of Information Convergence EngineeringPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
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Xia J, Li X, Lin M, Yu J, Zeng Z, Ye F, Hu G, Miu Q, He Q, Zhang X, Liang Z. Screening out Biomarkers of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum for Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Based on Spectrum-Effect Relationship Coupled with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073021. [PMID: 37049789 PMCID: PMC10096277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. (T. hemsleyanum) is an economically and medicinally valuable species within the genus Tetrastigma. However, the material basis of its pharmacological action and the biomarkers associated with its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects are still unclear. Additionally, the T. hemsleyanum industry cannot grow because there is a lack of a scientific, universal, and measurable quality control system. This study aimed to explore the chemical basis quality markers related to the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects of T. hemsleyanum to establish an effective quality evaluation method. UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE fingerprint profiles of T. hemsleyanum from different origins were established. Pharmacodynamic studies used HepG2 and HuH-7 cells and LPS-induced RAW264.7 to evaluate the anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects of the active ingredients. The spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using PCA and PLSR statistical methods. Moreover, docking analysis was performed to identify specific active biomarkers with molecular targets associated with cancer and inflammation. Chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, catechin, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, and linolenic acid were associated with anticancer activity, while chlorogenic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, rutinum, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, and linolenic acid were associated with anti-inflammatory activity. The spectrum-effect relationship of T. hemsleyanum was successfully established, and the biomarkers for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects were preliminary confirmed. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the elucidation of the substance basis of T. hemsleyanum and lay the foundation for its rapid identification, quality control, industrial research, and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiuyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Min Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiani Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhongda Zeng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guanjun Hu
- Hangzhou Shizhuwu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Qiang Miu
- Hangzhou Fuyang District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Ltd., Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Qiuling He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-1530-6553960 (X.Z.)
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-1530-6553960 (X.Z.)
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Liu C, Zhou Y, Tu Q, Yao L, Li J, Yang Z. Alpha-linolenic acid pretreatment alleviates NETs-induced alveolar macrophage pyroptosis by inhibiting pyrin inflammasome activation in a mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1146612. [PMID: 37051243 PMCID: PMC10083395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1146612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can cause acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by inducing macrophage pyroptosis. The purpose of this study was to find out whether pretreatment of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) could inhibit NETs-induced macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS, as well as to identify which inflammasome is involved in this process.MethodsLPS was instilled into the trachea to establish sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS in a mouse model. Lung injury was assessed by microscopic examination of lung tissue after hematoxylin and eosin staining, pathology score, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) total protein concentration. The level of NETs in lung tissue was detected by MPO-DNA ELISA. Purified NETs, extracted from peritoneal neutrophils, induced macrophage pyroptosis in vitro. Expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (Cl-caspase-1, Cl-GSDMD, ASC) and IL-1β in the lung tissue and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were determined by western blotting or ELISA. Specks of Pyrin/ASC were examined by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Mefv (Pyrin)-/- mice were used to study the role of Pyrin in the process of sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS.ResultsALA alleviated LPS-induced lung injury. ALA reduced the level of NETs, pyroptosis-related proteins (Cl-caspase-1, Cl-GSDMD, ASC), and IL-1β in the lung tissue of sepsis mice. In vitro, NETs increased the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (Cl-caspase-1, Cl-GSDMD, ASC) and IL-1β significantly in BMDMs. Pyrin protein was found to be higher and form the inflammasome with ASC in NETs challenged-BMDMs. Knockout of Mefv (Pyrin) gene fully restored the increased expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (Cl-caspase-1, Cl-GSDMD, ASC) and IL-1β in vitro and in vivo. Lung injury was alleviated significantly in Mefv (Pyrin)-/- mice as well. ALA suppresses all the NETs-induced changes as mentioned above.ConclusionOur study is the first to demonstrate Pyrin inflammasome driving NETs-induced macrophage pyroptosis, and ALA may reduce ALI/ARDS by inhibiting the activation of the Pyrin inflammasome-driven macrophage pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Liu
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangfang Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbao Li, ; Zhongwei Yang,
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinbao Li, ; Zhongwei Yang,
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Cao Y, Fan T, Wang L, Zhang L, Li Y. Large-scale analysis of putative Euphorbiaceae R2R3-MYB transcription factors identifies a MYB involved in seed oil biosynthesis. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:145. [PMID: 36927311 PMCID: PMC10022305 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYB transcription factors are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and play key roles in regulatory networks governing plant metabolism and biochemical and physiological processes. RESULTS Here, we first determined the R2R3-MYB genes in five Euphorbiaceae genomes. The three Trp (W) residues from the first MYB domain (R2) were absolutely conserved, whereas the first W residue from the second MYB domain (R3) was preferentially mutated. The R2R3-MYBs were clustered into 48 functional subfamilies, of which 34 had both R2R3-MYBs of Euphorbiaceae species and AtMYBs, and four contained only Euphorbiaceae R2R3-MYBs. The whole-genome duplication (WGD) and/or segmental duplication (SD) played key roles in the expansion of the R2R3-MYB family. Unlike paralogous R2R3-MYB family members, orthologous R2R3-MYB members contained a higher selective pressure and were subject to a constrained evolutionary rate. VfMYB36 was specifically expressed in fruit, and its trend was consistent with the change in oil content, indicating that it might be involved in oil biosynthesis. Overexpression experiments showed that VfMYB36 could significantly provide linolenic acid (C18:3) content, which eventually led to a significant increase in oil content. CONCLUSION Our study first provides insight into understanding the evolution and expression of R2R3-MYBs in Euphorbiaceae species, and also provides a target for the production of biomass diesel and a convenient way for breeding germplasm resources with high linolenic acid content in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074 Wuhan, China
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Tingting Fan
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Lihu Wang
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 056009 Handan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 430065 Wuhan, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004 Changsha, Hunan China
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Yang C, Gong L, Li X, Li W, Meng X, Liu B. Carboxymethyl chitosan coated alpha-linolenic acid nanoliposomes: Preparation, stability and release in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem 2023; 404:134526. [PMID: 36265276 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoliposome encapsulation combined with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) surface decoration was employed to improve physicochemical stability and oral bioavailability of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Different nanoliposome systems including ALA-loaded nanoliposomes (ALA-NLs) and CMCS-coated ALA-NLs (CMCS-ALA-NLs) were characterized through dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that CMCS-ALA-NLs had good encapsulation efficiency of 79% and layer formation with nanosized spherical carrier. The physicochemical stability of CMCS-ALA-NLs was better than that of ALA-NLs. CMCS-ALA-NLs were able to regulate the release of ALA in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. In vivo testing found that ALA concentration of CMCS-ALA-NLs had an area under the curve of 1.32, which was 1.28 times higher than that of ALA-NLs and 2 times higher than that of ALA-emulsion. The absorption of ALA was improved by CMCS-ALA-NLs. It suggested that CMCS-coated nanoliposomes should be an available delivery strategy for transporting ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lei Gong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xianghong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Zhou T, Yang K, Huang J, Fu W, Yan C, Wang Y. Effect of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Metabolites in H460 Lung Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052357. [PMID: 36903601 PMCID: PMC10005177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common primary malignant lung tumor. However, the etiology of lung cancer is still unclear. Fatty acids include short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as essential components of lipids. SCFAs can enter the nucleus of cancer cells, inhibit histone deacetylase activity, and upregulate histone acetylation and crotonylation. Meanwhile, PUFAs can inhibit lung cancer cells. Moreover, they also play an essential role in inhibiting migration and invasion. However, the mechanisms and different effects of SCFAs and PUFAs on lung cancer remain unclear. Sodium acetate, butyrate, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were selected to treat H460 lung cancer cells. Through untargeted metabonomics, it was observed that the differential metabolites were concentrated in energy metabolites, phospholipids, and bile acids. Then, targeted metabonomics was conducted for these three target types. Three LC-MS/MS methods were established for 71 compounds, including energy metabolites, phospholipids, and bile acids. The subsequent methodology validation results were used to verify the validity of the method. The targeted metabonomics results show that, in H460 lung cancer cells incubated with linolenic acid and linoleic acid, while the content of PCs increased significantly, the content of Lyso PCs decreased significantly. This demonstrates that there are significant changes in LCAT content before and after administration. Through subsequent WB and RT-PCR experiments, the result was verified. We demonstrated a substantial metabolic disparity between the dosing and control groups, further verifying the reliability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chao Yan
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-21-3420-5673 (C.Y.); +86-21-3420-5673 (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-21-3420-5673 (C.Y.); +86-21-3420-5673 (Y.W.)
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Ortiz M, Sánchez F, Álvarez D, Flores C, Salas-Pérez F, Valenzuela R, Cantin C, Leiva A, Crisosto N, Maliqueo M. Association between maternal obesity, essential fatty acids and biomarkers of fetal liver function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 190:102541. [PMID: 36736061 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity and the imbalance in linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6, LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) levels are related with hepatic disturbances in the offspring. However, whether these alterations are present during fetal life is not well understood. Obese and normal weight pregnant women were recruited to determine fatty acids (FAs) consumption, FAs profile (in maternal erythrocytes, placenta and neonatal very low-density lipoproteins VLDL) and biomarkers of fetal liver function, such as gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin, in umbilical cord blood. Stearic acid (C18:0, ST) was lower, and total n-3 FAs tended to be lower in umbilical cord VLDLs of obese women compared to controls. Independently of maternal obesity, GGT levels in umbilical cord blood was positively correlated with the LA content and negatively correlated with the ALA content in maternal erythrocytes. We conclude that maternal obesity and its imbalance of LA and ALA are associated with changes in biomarkers of fetal liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Ortiz
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Sánchez
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Álvarez
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Flores
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudette Cantin
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Leiva
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Crisosto
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Maliqueo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Alarcon G, Sierra L, Roco J, Van Nieuwenhove C, Medina A, Medina M, Jerez S. Effects of Cold Pressed Chia Seed Oil Intake on Hematological and Biochemical Biomarkers in Both Normal and Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2023; 78:179-185. [PMID: 36515802 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Most of the studies on the beneficial effects of chia have been conducted with its seeds. There is less evidence about the effects of cold pressed chia seeds oil on hypercholesterolemia-induced alterations. Thus, this study investigated the effects of cold pressed chia seed oil supplementation on certain hematological and biochemical biomarkers in both normal and hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Thirty two male rabbits were assigned to four different groups and fed on: 1) a regular diet (CD), 2) CD supplemented with 10% chia oil, 3) CD supplemented with 1% cholesterol, 4) CD supplemented with 1% cholesterol and 10% chia oil. After six weeks of dietary interventions, mean arterial blood pressure and visceral fat were measured and blood samples were analyzed for lipid profiles and hematological parameters while erythrocyte membranes and retroperitoneal fat were analyzed for fatty acids composition and biochemical biomarkers. Dietary intervention with chia oil achieved control of the hypercholesterolemia-induced increase of mean arterial blood pressure, neutrophil to lymphocytes ratio, erythrocyte membrane fluidity, and improved erythrocyte morphological alterations. With regard to inflammatory biomarkers, chia oil supplementation reduced omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratios and arachidonic/linolenic fatty acids ratios both in erythrocytes and fat from normal and hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The increase of linolenic fatty acid into the retroperitoneal fat was about 9 times higher than its respective controls. These results provide support for the potential health benefits of chia oil intake on hypercholesterolemia-associated clinical, hematological and biochemical alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alarcon
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Liliana Sierra
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Julieta Roco
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carina Van Nieuwenhove
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Analia Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mirta Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Susana Jerez
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 298, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Ong KL, Marklund M, Huang L, Rye KA, Hui N, Pan XF, Rebholz CM, Kim H, Steffen LM, van Westing AC, Geleijnse JM, Hoogeveen EK, Chen YY, Chien KL, Fretts AM, Lemaitre RN, Imamura F, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, Birukov A, Jäger S, Kuxhaus O, Schulze MB, de Mello VD, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Lindström J, Tintle N, Harris WS, Yamasaki K, Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen A, Jayasena T, Thalamuthu A, Poljak A, Bustamante S, Sachdev PS, Senn MK, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Laakso M, Lankinen M, Yang X, Sun L, Li H, Lin X, Nowak C, Ärnlöv J, Risérus U, Lind L, Le Goff M, Samieri C, Helmer C, Qian F, Micha R, Tin A, Köttgen A, de Boer IH, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts. BMJ 2023; 380:e072909. [PMID: 36653033 PMCID: PMC9846698 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prospective associations of circulating levels of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) biomarkers (including plant derived α linolenic acid and seafood derived eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN Pooled analysis. DATA SOURCES A consortium of 19 studies from 12 countries identified up to May 2020. STUDY SELECTION Prospective studies with measured n-3 PUFA biomarker data and incident CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Each participating cohort conducted de novo analysis with prespecified and consistent exposures, outcomes, covariates, and models. The results were pooled across cohorts using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome of incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. In a sensitivity analysis, incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <75% of baseline rate. RESULTS 25 570 participants were included in the primary outcome analysis and 4944 (19.3%) developed incident CKD during follow-up (weighted median 11.3 years). In multivariable adjusted models, higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were associated with a lower incident CKD risk (relative risk per interquintile range 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 0.98; P=0.009, I2=9.9%). In categorical analyses, participants with total seafood n-3 PUFA level in the highest fifth had 13% lower risk of incident CKD compared with those in the lowest fifth (0.87, 0.80 to 0.96; P=0.005, I2=0.0%). Plant derived α linolenic acid levels were not associated with incident CKD (1.00, 0.94 to 1.06; P=0.94, I2=5.8%). Similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis. The association appeared consistent across subgroups by age (≥60 v <60 years), estimated glomerular filtration rate (60-89 v ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Higher seafood derived n-3 PUFA levels were associated with lower risk of incident CKD, although this association was not found for plant derived n-3 PUFAs. These results support a favourable role for seafood derived n-3 PUFAs in preventing CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liping Huang
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hui
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anniek C van Westing
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen K Hoogeveen
- Department of Nephrology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olga Kuxhaus
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vanessa Derenji de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathan Tintle
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William S Harris
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamasaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tharusha Jayasena
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mackenzie K Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélanie Le Goff
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Puget Sound VA Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Hy Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Holen JP, Woodworth JC, Tokach MD, Goodband RD, DeRouchey JM, Gebhardt JT. Evaluation of supplemental fat sources and pre-farrow essential fatty acid intake on lactating sow performance and essential fatty acid composition of colostrum, milk, and adipose tissue. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac394. [PMID: 36444854 PMCID: PMC9838791 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 91 sows (Line 241, DNA Genetics) were used to evaluate the effects of supplemental fat sources and essential fatty acid intake on sow farrowing performance, litter growth performance, and essential fatty acid composition of colostrum, milk, and adipose tissue. At approximatelyday 107 of gestation, sows were blocked by body weight and parity, then allotted to 1 of 5 experimental treatments as part of a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement. Experimental diets were corn-soybean meal-based with a control diet that contained no added fat or diets with 3% added fat as either beef tallow or soybean oil, with consumption of the added fat diets starting on day 107 or 112 of gestation and fed until weaning. Thus, sows were provided low essential fatty acids (EFA; as linoleic and α-linolenic acid) without supplemental fat or with beef tallow or high EFA with soybean oil. Sows were provided approximately 2.8 kg/d of their assigned lactation diet pre-farrow and then provided ad libitum access after parturition. Sows consuming diets with beef tallow had greater lactation ADFI (fat source, P = 0.030), but lower daily linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) intake than sows that consumed diets with soybean oil (fat source, P < 0.001). Supplemental fat sources providing either low or high EFA did not influence litter growth performance (fat source, P > 0.05). Sows fed diets with beef tallow did not influence the LA composition of colostrum; however, lactation diets with high EFA provided by soybean oil on day 107 of gestation increased colostrum LA concentration compared to providing diets on day 112 of gestation (fat source × time, P = 0.084; time, P < 0.001). Additionally, regardless of pre-farrow timing, ALA concentration of colostrum increased when sows consumed diets with soybean oil compared to beef tallow (fat source, P < 0.001). Both LA and ALA concentrations of milk at weaning were greater for sows that consumed diets with soybean oil compared to beef tallow (fat source, P < 0.001). Furthermore, concentrations of LA and ALA within adipose tissue were greater at weaning when sows consumed diets with high EFA compared to low EFA (fat source, P < 0.05). These responses suggest that providing dietary fat sources with high concentrations of EFA can increase backfat, colostrum, and milk LA and ALA. However, in this experiment, changes in colostrum and milk composition did not influence litter growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P Holen
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jason C Woodworth
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Mike D Tokach
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Robert D Goodband
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Joel M DeRouchey
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jordan T Gebhardt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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Yamashita S, Miwa A, Hinata Y, Urita K, Miyashita K, Kinoshita M. Herbal Leaves Can Suppress Oxidation of Perilla Oil. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2023; 69:382-387. [PMID: 37940579 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.69.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Perilla oil is a valuable food source of α-linolenic acids. However, its high reactivity with oxygen shortens its shelf-life after opening. This study investigated the antioxidative profiles of 15 plant materials, including herbs, and examined methods to suppress the oxidation of perilla oil using these plant materials. These plant materials had wide ranges of phenolic, carotenoid, and chlorophyll contents. They exhibit radical scavenging activities and suppress lipid peroxidation, which show highly positive correlations with the phenolic contents. Dipping most of the plant materials examined in perilla oil suppressed its oxidation, and the peroxide values of the oil mixtures indicated a negative correlation with the carotenoid and chlorophyll contents of the plant materials. The leaves of Angelica, Astragalus, and Thyme herbs exhibited the same effect as that of ascorbyl palmitate, which was used as a positive control after 8 wk of incubation in the dark. The suppression of lipid peroxidation was found to be related to the herbal contents of carotenoids and chlorophylls, rather than phenols. Hence, herbal leaves can suppress the oxidation of perilla oil in the dark. The oxidation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could be suppressed effectively by utilizing plant materials with abundant carotenoids and chlorophylls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Azusa Miwa
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Yu Hinata
- Laboratory of Seeds Discovery and Development
| | | | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Center for Industry-University Collaboration, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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Ma Y, Song J, Cao X, Sun Z. Mechanism of Guilu Erxian ointment based on targeted metabolomics in intervening in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer outcome in older patients with poor ovarian response of kidney-qi deficiency type. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1045384. [PMID: 36742408 PMCID: PMC9897313 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1045384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Guilu Erxian ointment on the outcome of IVF-ET in older patients with poor ovarian response infertility of kidney-qi deficiency type, and to verify and analyze the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine on improving older patients with poor ovarian response infertility of kidney-qi deficiency type from the perspective of metabolomics using targeted metabolomics technology, identify the related metabolic pathways, and provide metabolic biomarker basis and clinical treatment ideas for improving older patients with poor ovarian response infertility. METHODS This study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, and a total of 119 infertile patients who underwent IVF-ET at Shandong Center for Reproduction and Genetics of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were selected. Eighty older patients with infertility undergoing IVF were randomly divided into older treatment group and older placebo group, and another 39 young healthy women who underwent IVF-ET or ICSI due to male factors were selected as the normal control group. Flexible GnRH antagonist protocol was used for ovulation induction in all three groups, and Guilu Erxian ointment and placebo groups started taking Guilu Erxian ointment and placebo from the third day of menstruation until IVF surgery. And ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTRAP MS) was used to detect metabolites in the three groups of samples. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, the number of oocytes retrieved, 2PN fertilization, high-quality embryos, total number of available embryos and estrogen on HCG day were increased in the treatment group, and the differences were statistically significant (P > 0.05), but the clinical pregnancy rate of fresh embryos and frozen embryos were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The results of targeted metabolomics analysis showed that follicular fluid in the treatment group clustered with the normal young group and deviated from the placebo group. A total of 55 significant differential metabolites were found in the follicular fluid of older patients with poor ovarian response of kidney-qi deficiency type and patients in the normal young group, after Guilu Erxian ointment intervention, Metabolites such as L-Aspartic acid, Glycine, L-Serine, Palmitoleic Acid, Palmitelaidic acid, L-Alanine, Gamma-Linolenic acid, Alpha-Linolenic Acid, and N-acetyltryptophan were down-regulated, mainly involving amino acid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSION Guilu Erxian ointment can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and IVF outcomes of older patients with poor ovarian response of kidney-qi deficiency type. There were differences in follicular fluid metabolites between older patients with poor ovarian response of kidney-qi deficiency type and normal women. L-Aspartic acid, L-Alanine, Aminoadipic acid, L-Asparagine, L-Arginine, L-Serine, Gamma- Linolenic acid, Pentadecanoic acid and Alpha-Linolenic Acid are closely related to older patients with poor ovarian response due to deficiency of kidney-qi and may be inferred as biomarkers. The mechanism of Guilu Erxian ointment intervention may be mainly through amino acid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Clinical Medical College, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyan Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Clinical Medical College, Jinan, China
- Integrative Medicine Research Centre of Reproduction and Heredity, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengao Sun, ; Jingyan Song,
| | - Xianling Cao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Clinical Medical College, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengao Sun
- Integrative Medicine Research Centre of Reproduction and Heredity, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengao Sun, ; Jingyan Song,
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Wu S, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Huang W, Kong Q, Liu Q, Li W, Zou X, Liu CM, Yan S. Linolenic Acid-Derived Oxylipins Inhibit Aflatoxin Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus through Activation of Imizoquin Biosynthesis. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:15928-15944. [PMID: 36508213 PMCID: PMC9785051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins play important signaling roles in aflatoxin (AF) biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. We previously showed that exogenous supply of autoxidated linolenic acid (AL) inhibited AF biosynthesis in A. flavus via oxylipins, but the molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here, we performed multiomics analyses of A. flavus grown in media with or without AL. Targeted metabolite analyses and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the imizoquin (IMQ) biosynthetic pathway was distinctly upregulated in the presence of AL. 13C-glucose labeling confirmed in parallel that the tricarboxylic acid cycle was also enhanced by AL, consistent with observed increases in mycelial growth. Moreover, we integrated thermal proteome profiling and molecular dynamics simulations to identify a potential receptor of AL; AL was found to interact with a transporter (ImqJ) located in the IMQ gene cluster, primarily through hydrophobic interactions. Further analyses of strains with an IMQ pathway transcription factor overexpressed or knocked out confirmed that this pathway was critical for AL-mediated inhibition of AF biosynthesis. Comparison of 22 assembled A. flavus and Aspergillus oryzae genomes showed that genes involved in the IMQ pathway were positively selected in A. oryzae. Taken together, the results of our study provide novel insights into oxylipin-mediated regulation of AF biosynthesis and suggest potential methods for preventing AF contamination of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Wu
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qunjie Zhang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
- Institution
of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qian Kong
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Qinjian Liu
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Xinlu Zou
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Fragrant Hill, Beijing100093, China
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,
Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou510640, China
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Meuronen T, Lankinen MA, Kolmert J, de Mello VD, Sallinen T, Ågren J, Virtanen KA, Laakso M, Wheelock CE, Pihlajamäki J, Schwab U. The FADS1 rs174550 Genotype Modifies the n-3 and n-6 PUFA and Lipid Mediator Responses to a High Alpha-Linolenic Acid and High Linoleic Acid Diets. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200351. [PMID: 36367234 PMCID: PMC10077898 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, which is associated with biomarkers and risk of non-communicable diseases, is regulated by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and variants of fatty acid desaturase (FADS). We investigated the interactions between dietary PUFAs and FADS1 rs174550 variant. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants (n = 118), homozygous for FADS1 rs174550 variant (TT and CC) followed a high alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 5 percent of energy (E-%)) or a high linoleic acid (LA, 10 E-%) diet during an 8-week randomized controlled intervention. Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids and PUFA-derived lipid mediators were quantified by gas and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively. The high-LA diet increased the concentration of plasma LA, but not its lipid mediators. The concentration of plasma arachidonic acid decreased in carriers of CC and remained unchanged in the TT genotype. The high-ALA diet increased the concentration of plasma ALA and its cytochrome P450-derived epoxides and dihydroxys, and cyclooxygenase-derived monohydroxys. Concentrations of plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and its mono- and dihydroxys increased only in TT genotype carriers. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the potential for genotype-based recommendations for PUFA consumption, resulting in modulation of bioactive lipid mediators which can exert beneficial effects in maintaining health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Topi Meuronen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
- Food Sciences UnitUniversity of TurkuTurku20500Finland
| | - Maria A. Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
| | - Johan Kolmert
- Unit of Integrative MetabolomicsInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 65Sweden
| | - Vanessa Derenji de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
| | - Taisa Sallinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
- University of Eastern Finland Library KuopioKuopio70600Finland
| | - Jyrki Ågren
- Institute of BiomedicineSchool of Medicine University of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
| | - Kirsi A. Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
- Department of MedicineEndocrinology and Clinical NutritionKuopio University HospitalKuopio70210Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical MedicineInternal Medicine University of Eastern FinlandKuopio70029Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University HospitalKuopio70210Finland
| | - Craig E. Wheelock
- Unit of Integrative MetabolomicsInstitute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 65Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and AllergyKarolinska University HospitalStockholm141 86Sweden
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR)Gunma UniversityMaebashi371‐8511Japan
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
- Department of MedicineEndocrinology and Clinical NutritionKuopio University HospitalKuopio70210Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionSchool of MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland
- Department of MedicineEndocrinology and Clinical NutritionKuopio University HospitalKuopio70210Finland
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Kim JD, Zhou T, Zhang A, Li S, Gupte AA, Hamilton DJ, Fang L. AIBP Regulates Metabolism of Ketone and Lipids but Not Mitochondrial Respiration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223643. [PMID: 36429071 PMCID: PMC9688289 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the APOA1 binding protein (AIBP)-a secreted protein-plays a profound role in lipid metabolism. Interestingly, AIBP also functions as an NAD(P)H-hydrate epimerase to catalyze the interconversion of NAD(P)H hydrate [NAD(P)HX] epimers and is renamed as NAXE. Thus, we call it NAXE hereafter. We investigated its role in NAD(P)H-involved metabolism in murine cardiomyocytes, focusing on the metabolism of hexose, lipids, and amino acids as well as mitochondrial redox function. Unbiased metabolite profiling of cardiac tissue shows that NAXE knockout markedly upregulates the ketone body 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HB) and increases or trends increasing lipid-associated metabolites cholesterol, α-linolenic acid and deoxycholic acid. Paralleling greater ketone levels, ChemRICH analysis of the NAXE-regulated metabolites shows reduced abundance of hexose despite similar glucose levels in control and NAXE-deficient blood. NAXE knockout reduces cardiac lactic acid but has no effect on the content of other NAD(P)H-regulated metabolites, including those associated with glucose metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, or Krebs cycle flux. Although NAXE is present in mitochondria, it has no apparent effect on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Instead, we detected more metabolites that can potentially improve cardiac function (3-HB, adenosine, and α-linolenic acid) in the Naxe-/- heart; these mice also perform better in aerobic exercise. Our data reveal a new role of NAXE in cardiac ketone and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-dae Kim
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Teng Zhou
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shumin Li
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anisha A. Gupte
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 407 E 61st St., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Longhou Fang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, 6550 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 407 E 61st St., New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +713-363-9012; Fax: +713-363-9782
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Liang P, Ma Y, Yang L, Mao L, Sun Q, Sun C, Liu Z, Mazhar M, Yang S, Ren W. Uncovering the Mechanisms of Active Components from Toad Venom against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Untargeted Metabolomics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227758. [PMID: 36431859 PMCID: PMC9694973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Toad venom, a dried product of secretion from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus Schneider, has had the therapeutic effects of hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed. Bufalin and cinobufagin were considered as the two most representative antitumor active components in toad venom. However, the underlying mechanisms of this antitumor effect have not been fully implemented, especially the changes in endogenous small molecules after treatment. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the intrinsic mechanism on hepatocellular carcinoma after the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin based on untargeted tumor metabolomics. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was performed to identify the absorbed components of toad venom in rat plasma. In vitro experiments were determined to evaluate the therapeutic effects of bufalin and cinobufagin and screen the optimal ratio between them. An in vivo HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice model was established, and a series of pharmacodynamic indicators were determined, including the body weight of mice, tumor volume, tumor weight, and histopathological examination of tumor. Further, the entire metabolic alterations in tumor after treating with bufalin and cinobufagin were also profiled by UHPLC-MS/MS. Twenty-seven active components from toad venom were absorbed in rat plasma. We found that the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin exerted significant antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, which were reflected in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of HepG2 cells and thereby causing cell necrosis. After cotherapy of bufalin and cinobufagin for twenty days, compared with the normal group, fifty-six endogenous metabolites were obviously changed on HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice. Meanwhile, the abundance of α-linolenic acid and phenethylamine after the bufalin and cinobufagin intervention was significantly upregulated, which involved phenylalanine metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Furthermore, we noticed that amino acid metabolites were also altered in HepG2 tumor after drug intervention, such as norvaline and Leu-Ala. Taken together, the cotreatment of bufalin and cinobufagin has significant antitumor effects on HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mice. Our work demonstrated that the in-depth mechanism of antitumor activity was mainly through the regulation of phenylalanine metabolism and α-Linolenic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yining Ma
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Luyin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linshen Mao
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Changzhen Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zengjin Liu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Maryam Mazhar
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 853, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.R.)
| | - Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, Drug Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (W.R.)
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Maldonado-González M, Hernández-Nazara ZH, Torres-Castillo N, Martínez-López E, de la Cruz-Color L, Ruíz-Madrigal B. Association between the rs3812316 Single Nucleotide Variant of the MLXIPL Gene and Alpha-Linolenic Acid Intake with Triglycerides in Mexican Mestizo Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224726. [PMID: 36432414 PMCID: PMC9692638 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor to understand the gene−diet−nutrient relationship that leads to metabolic diseases. We aimed to analyze the association between the rs17145750 and rs3812316 SNVs (single nucleotide variants) of the MLXIPL gene with dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical variables in Mexican Mestizo subjects. This is a cross-sectional study of 587 individuals. Genotyping was performed by allelic discrimination. In addition, liver and adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from a subgroup of 24 subjects to analyze the expression of the MLXIPL gene. An in silico test of the protein stability and allelic imbalance showed that rs17145750 and rs3812316 showed a high rate of joint heritability in a highly conserved area. The G allele of rs3812316 was associated with lower triglyceride levels (OR = −0.070 ± 0.027, p < 0.011, 95% CI = −0.124 to −0.016), the production of an unstable protein (ΔΔG −0.83 kcal/mol), and probably lower tissue mRNA levels. In addition, we found independent factors that also influence triglyceride levels, such as insulin resistance, HDL-c, and dietary protein intake in women. Our data showed that the association of rs3812316 on triglycerides was only observed in patients with an inadequate alpha-linolenic acid intake (1.97 ± 0.03 vs. 2.11 ± 0.01 log mg/dL, p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Maldonado-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Zamira H. Hernández-Nazara
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lucia de la Cruz-Color
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Bertha Ruíz-Madrigal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(33)10585200
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Carmona-Jiménez Y, Igartuburu JM, Guillén-Sánchez DA, García-Moreno MV. Fatty Acid and Tocopherol Composition of Pomace and Seed Oil from Five Grape Varieties Southern Spain. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206980. [PMID: 36296576 PMCID: PMC9609668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace and seeds are important winemaking by-products. Their oils are rich in bioactive compounds such as fatty acids and tocopherols. We have characterized oils from both by-products from five Spanish grape varieties (Palomino Fino, Pedro Ximénez, Muscat of Alexandria, Tempranillo and Tintilla de Rota). A high content of UFAs was found in all the analyzed samples. Grape pomace oils generally had the same oleic acid (PUFAω-6) content as seed oils, and lower PUFA contents; they also had a markedly higher linolenic acid (PUFAω-3) content, improving the PUFAω-6/PUFAω-3 ratio. All the oil studied show good indicators of nutritional quality: low values of the atherogenicity (0.112–0.157 for pomace, 0.097–0.112 for seed) and thrombogenicity indices (0.30–0.35 for pomace, 0.28–0.31 for seed) and high values of the relationship between hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (6.93–9.45 for pomace, 9.11–10.54 for seed). Three tocopherols were determined: α-, γ- and δ-tocopherol. Pomace oils have higher relative contents of α- and δ-tocopherol, whereas seed oils have higher relative contents of γ-tocopherol. A significantly higher content of total tocopherols has been found in pomace oil; it is higher in the oils from red varieties of pomace (628.2 and 706.6 mg/kg by-product), and in the oils from pomace containing stems (1686.4 mg/kg by-product). All the oils obtained can be considered as a source of vitamin E, and their consumption is beneficial for health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Carmona-Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Wine and Food Research Institute (IVARO), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jose M. Igartuburu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Dominico A. Guillén-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Wine and Food Research Institute (IVARO), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M. Valme García-Moreno
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Wine and Food Research Institute (IVARO), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-956-016-456
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Koch E, Wiebel M, Löwen A, Willenberg I, Schebb NH. Characterization of the Oxylipin Pattern and Other Fatty Acid Oxidation Products in Freshly Pressed and Stored Plant Oils. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:12935-12945. [PMID: 36173729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidation of linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) during pressing and storage of plant oils leads to a variety of oxylipins. We pressed oils from flaxseeds, rapeseeds, and sunflower seeds and analyzed the oxylipin pattern in freshly pressed oils. 9-/13-Hydro(pero)xy-LA/-ALA occurred in high concentration resulting probably from lipoxygenase-catalyzed reactions as well as autoxidation and photooxidation. However, in flaxseed and rapeseed oil, the highest concentrations were found for the terminal epoxy-ALA (15(16)-EpODE) and the hardly known 15-hydroxy-LA (15-HODE, 80 mg/100 g in flaxseed oil). Oils were stored for 6 months and the peroxide value (PV) as well as oxylipin and secondary volatile aldehyde concentrations were determined. While lipid peroxidation in flaxseed oil was surprisingly low, the oxylipin concentration and PV massively increased in rapeseed oil dependent on oxygen availability. Oxylipin concentrations correlated well with the PV, while secondary volatile aldehydes did not reflect the changes of oxylipins and PVs. The comprehensive analysis of hydroxy-, epoxy-, and dihydroxy-LA/-ALA reveals new and unique insights into the composition of plant oils and ongoing oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Koch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michelle Wiebel
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ariane Löwen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI) - Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Schützenberg 12, 32756 Detmold, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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Ghavam M. A GC-MC analysis of chemical compounds and identification of the antibacterial characteristics of the essential oil of two species exclusive to Iranian habitats: New chemotypes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273987. [PMID: 36201544 PMCID: PMC9536594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diversity found in the chemical compounds of a single species in different regions results in different biologic characteristics which can be considered as a strong source for identifying new chemotypes. Hymenocrater incanus Bunge and Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. are exclusive species of the Lamiaceae family which grow in the western and central habitats of Iran. This study was designed and carried out to determine the yield, identify the chemical compounds, and evaluate the antimicrobial characteristics of the essential oil (EO) of these two species in Iran for the first time. METHODS The flowering twigs of the species D. kotschyi and H. incanus were collected from the villages of Totmach and Kamu in Isfahan province respectively, in May 2019. The EO of these plants was extracted and separated using the water distillation method, utilizing the Clevenger device. The EO compounds were analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The evaluation of antimicrobial characteristics was carried out by determining the growth inhibition zone implementing the Agar method, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MFC/MBC) utilizing liquid dilution culture. RESULTS The results indicated that the highest yield belonged to the EO of D. kotschyi at %2.6 (w/w). In this EO there were citral (%25.44), neral (%20.87), α-pinene (%14.48), trans-geranic acid methyl ester (%9.74), and D-limonene (%6.87). Moreover, H. incanus had the dominant compounds (-)-Spathulenol (%12.61), caryophyllene (%10.00), linolenic acid (%8.54), 1,8-cineole (%5.95), palmitic acid (%5.35), and α-cadinol (%5.17). The largest diameter of growth inhibition zone belonged to the H. incanus EO against the Gram-positive bacteria S. pyogenes (~17.67mm). The strongest inhibition activities in the form of growth inhibition diameter exhibited by the D. kotschyi EO were against the Gram-negative bacteria S. paratyphi-A serotype (~ 12 mm), K. pneumoniae, and Sh. dysenteriae (~ 11 mm) which was significant compared to the Gram-positive rifampin (~ 8 mm). CONCLUSIONS It can be seen that these species are new chemotypes with special and novel chemical compounds which can potentially be used to manufacture natural antibiotics against some bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
- * E-mail:
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Shi SY, Ding XN, Wang ZC, Guo XF, Zhang GN, Hu YH, Shi GA. [Grain oil quality formation and metabolism-related genes difference expression of Paeonia suffruticosa cv. 'Fengdan' grown at different altitudes]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2022; 33:2987-2996. [PMID: 36384833 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202211.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We measured the morphological index, nutritional composition and the expression analysis of key genes during grain development of Paeonia suffruticosa cv. 'Fengdan' grown at altitudes of 100, 650 and 1010 m in Luo-yang. The aim of this study was to examine differences in grain yield traits and the transformation of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein and fatty acid contents, as well as the related enzyme activity and differential expression of key genes in oil metabolism. The results showed that grain yield traits increased with altitudes and that the growth period of grain at the higher altitudes was longer than that at low and mid altitudes. The soluble sugar and starch in mature grains increased with altitudes, while soluble protein and crude fat did not change. During grain development, the activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) first decreased and then increased, with the lowest occurred at 90 d after flowering. The activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease (GOT) increased rapidly during 50-90 d after flowering and peaked at 90 d. The relative expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SAD) peaked at 50 d after flowering, and ω-6 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) peaked at 90 d, in oil tree peony grain at different altitudes. There was a negative correlation of soluble sugar and starch with the accumulation of soluble protein and crude fat. SPS activity was positively correlated with the contents of soluble sugar and starch, and negatively correlated with the contents of soluble protein and crude fat during grain development. Activities of GPT and GOT were negatively associated with the content of soluble sugar and the content of starch, and had a highly significant positive correlation with the contents of soluble protein and crude fat. Activity of PDH was positively correlated with the content of soluble proteins and activities of GPT and GOT, and negatively correlated with the contents of soluble sugar and starch. It suggested that nutrient accumulation in the process of grain development of tree peony was transformed from sugar to crude fat and protein, and that metabolic enzymes, such as SPS, PDH, GPT and GOT, played an important role in this process. Palmitate acid, stearic acid and linoleic acid were negatively correlated with the relative increment of α-linolenic acid, indicating that fatty acid desaturation process in the grain development of tree peony was towards the direction of α-linolenic acid synthesis. The relative expression of ACCase, SAD, and FAD2 was positively correlated with the relative increment of α-linolenic acid accumulation, which played an important role in α-linolenic acid synthesis. The oil quality of tree peony grain was relatively stable at different altitudes, but grain production increased with altitude. Planting oil tree peony at mid to high altitudes could be an important strategy for the efficient use of marginal land in Luoyang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Ying Shi
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Xi-Ning Ding
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Zhan-Chao Wang
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Guo
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Gai-Na Zhang
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Guo-An Shi
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technical Research Center of Peony, College of Mudan, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
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47
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Batista RAB, de Branco FMS, Nehme R, de Oliveira EP, Pena GDG. Association between Plasma Omega-3 and Handgrip Strength According to Glycohemoglobin Levels in Older Adults: Results from NHANES 2011–2012. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194060. [PMID: 36235713 PMCID: PMC9572262 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low muscle strength is a predictor of mortality in older adults. Although the evidence concerning hyperglycemia is limited, evidence shows that omega-3 (ω-3) intake may be positively associated with muscle strength. However, the association between plasma ω-3 and muscle strength in older adults according to glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) levels has not yet been investigated. Objective: To evaluate whether plasma ω-3 levels are associated with handgrip strength in individuals over 50 years according to HbA1c levels. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 950 older adults (50–85 years) from NHANES 2011–2012. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between plasma ω-3 and handgrip strength in individuals with elevated (≥5.7%) or normal HbA1c levels after adjustments for confounders. Results: Total plasma ω-3, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and alpha-linolenic acid were not associated with handgrip strength in older adults regardless of HbA1c levels. Conclusion: Plasma ω-3 levels are not associated with handgrip strength in individuals over 50 years old independent of HbA1c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa A. B. Batista
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38402-018, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia M. S. de Branco
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38402-018, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Nehme
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38402-018, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erick P. de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38402-018, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Geórgia das G. Pena
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38402-018, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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48
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Pham N, Hu F, Evelo CT, Kutmon M. Tissue-specific pathway activities: A retrospective analysis in COVID-19 patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963357. [PMID: 36189295 PMCID: PMC9519890 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The ACE2 receptors essential for SARS-CoV-2 infections are expressed not only in the lung but also in many other tissues in the human body. To better understand the disease mechanisms and progression, it is essential to understand how the virus affects and alters molecular pathways in the different affected tissues. In this study, we mapped the proteomics data obtained from Nie X. et al. (2021) to the pathway models of the COVID-19 Disease Map project and WikiPathways. The differences in pathway activities between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients were calculated using the Wilcoxon test. As a result, 46% (5,235) of the detected proteins were found to be present in at least one pathway. Only a few pathways were altered in multiple tissues. As an example, the Kinin-Kallikrein pathway, an important inflammation regulatory pathway, was found to be less active in the lung, spleen, testis, and thyroid. We can confirm previously reported changes in COVID-19 patients such as the change in cholesterol, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid metabolism, complement, and coagulation pathways in most tissues. Of all the tissues, we found the thyroid to be the organ with the most changed pathways. In this tissue, lipid pathways, energy pathways, and many COVID-19 specific pathways such as RAS and bradykinin pathways, thrombosis, and anticoagulation have altered activities in COVID-19 patients. Concluding, our results highlight the systemic nature of COVID-19 and the effect on other tissues besides the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Pham
- Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Finterly Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Chris T. Evelo
- Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martina Kutmon
- Department of Bioinformatics (BiGCaT), School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Martina Kutmon,
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Rabail R, Sultan MT, Khalid AR, Sahar AT, Zia S, Kowalczewski PŁ, Jeżowski P, Shabbir MA, Aadil RM. Clinical, Nutritional, and Functional Evaluation of Chia Seed-Fortified Muffins. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185907. [PMID: 36144643 PMCID: PMC9503555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Health-protective functional foods are gaining popularity in the world of nutrition because they promote excellent health while decreasing pharmaceutical burdens. Chia seeds (CS) (Salvia hispanica L.), the greatest vegetative source of α-linolenic acid, bioactive proteins, and fibers, are among the top unconventional oilseeds shown to have bounteous benefits against various non-communicable diseases. Purposely, this study was designed to integrate roasted CS powder into white-flour-based ordinary bakery goods to improve their nutritional and nutraceutical profiles. CS efficacy in normal and hyperlipidemic Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in mitigating blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol while elevating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell counts, and platelets. The nutritional profiling of chia-fortified muffins indicated significant increases of 47% in fat, 92% in fiber, 15% in protein, and 62% in minerals. The farinographic experiments of CS-blends revealed generally improved dough quality features with a significant rise in the degree of softening as fortification levels increased. A marketable recipe for CSF-muffins with several degrees of fortification demonstrated a significant rise in fat, 92% rise in fiber, 15% rise in protein, and 62% rise in minerals. Sensorial evaluation by trained taste panelists revealed a maximum appraisal of the 15% chia-fortified muffins due to aroma, appearance, and overall acceptability, and were forwarded for being acceptable for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshina Rabail
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tauseef Sultan
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.T.S.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Abdur Rauf Khalid
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Aqiba Tus Sahar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Sania Zia
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Paweł Jeżowski
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.T.S.); (R.M.A.)
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50
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Li W, Wu ZW, Li XB, Chen Y, Wang MY. [Chemical constituents from Urtica dioica fruits]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:4972-4977. [PMID: 36164907 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220413.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The chemical constituents in Urtica dioica fruits were investigated by silica gel chromatography, preparative HPLC, NMR, and HR-MS for the first time. As a result, 21 compounds were isolated from the fruits of U. dioica and identified 7R,8S,8'R-olivil(1), oleic acid(2), α-linoleic acid(3), palmic acid(4), methyl palmitate(5), α-linolenic acid(6), α-linolenic acid methyl ester(7), 5-O-caffeoyl-shikimic acid(8), vanillic acid(9), p-coumaric acid(10), 5-O-p-coumaroylshikimic acid(11), cinnamic acid(12), quinic acid(13), shikimic acid(14), ethyl caffeate(15), coniferyl ferulate(16), ferulic acid(17), caffeic acid(18), chlorogenic acid(19), pinoresinol(20), and quercetin(21). Compound 1 was a new compound and compounds 2-16 were isolated from U. dioica for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Centre of PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng-Yue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
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