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Yang G, Su F, Han BX, Su HX, Guo CH, Yu SH, Guan QL, Hou XM. HNF1A induces glioblastoma by upregulating EPS8 and activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116133. [PMID: 38494066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the exact biological role of HNF1 homolog A (HNF1A) in the regulatory mechanism of glioblastoma (GBM), the molecular mechanism, especially the downstream regulation as a transcription factor, remains to be further elucidated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and clinical relevance of HNF1A in GBM patients. CCK8, TUNEL, and subcutaneous tumor formation in nude mice were used to evaluate the effect of HNF1A on GBM in vitro and in vivo. The correction between HNF1A and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (EPS8) was illustrated by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay. Further mechanism was explored that the transcription factor HNF1A regulated the expression of EPS8 and downstream signaling pathways by directly binding to the promoter region of EPS8. Our comprehensive analysis of clinical samples in this study showed that upregulated expression of HNF1A was associated with poor survival in GBM patients. Further, we found that knockdown of HNF1A markedly suppressed the malignant phenotype of GBM cells in vivo and in vitro as well as promoted apoptosis of tumor cells, which was reversed by upregulation of HNF1A. Mechanistically, HNF1A could significantly activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by specifically binding to the promoter regions of EPS8. Moreover, overexpression of EPS8 was able to reverse the apoptosis of tumor cells caused by HNF1A knockdown, thereby exacerbating the GBM progression. Correctively, our study has clarified the explicit mechanism by which HNF1A promotes GBM malignancy and provides a new therapeutic target for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Fei Su
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Bin-Xiao Han
- Gansu Institute of Medical Information, Institute of Gansu Medical Science Research, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Hong-Xin Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Chen-Hao Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Shao-Hua Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Quan-Lin Guan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Imamura M, Maeda S. Perspectives on genetic studies of type 2 diabetes from the genome-wide association studies era to precision medicine. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:410-422. [PMID: 38259175 PMCID: PMC10981147 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have facilitated a substantial and rapid increase in the number of confirmed genetic susceptibility variants for complex diseases. Approximately 700 variants predisposing individuals to the risk for type 2 diabetes have been identified through GWAS until 2023. From 2018 to 2022, hundreds of type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci with smaller effect sizes were identified through large-scale GWAS with sample sizes of 200,000 to >1 million. The clinical translation of genetic information for type 2 diabetes includes the development of novel therapeutics and risk predictions. Although drug discovery based on loci identified in GWAS remains challenging owing to the difficulty of functional annotation, global efforts have been made to identify novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic targets by applying multi-omics approaches or searching for disease-associated coding variants in isolated founder populations. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), comprising up to millions of associated variants, can identify individuals with higher disease risk than those in the general population. In populations of European descent, PRSs constructed from base GWAS data with a sample size of approximately 450,000 have predicted the onset of diseases well. However, European GWAS-derived PRSs have limited predictive performance in non-European populations. The predictive accuracy of a PRS largely depends on the sample size of the base GWAS data. The results of GWAS meta-analyses for multi-ethnic groups as base GWAS data and cross-population polygenic prediction methodology have been applied to establish a universal PRS applicable to small isolated ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Imamura
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of the RyukyusNishihara‐ChoJapan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood TransfusionUniversity of the Ryukyus HospitalNishihara‐ChoJapan
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineUniversity of the RyukyusNishihara‐ChoJapan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood TransfusionUniversity of the Ryukyus HospitalNishihara‐ChoJapan
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3
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Cuan K, Bass IR. A Woman With HNF1A-Associated Monogenic Diabetes Treated Successfully With Repaglinide Monotherapy. AACE Clin Case Rep 2024; 10:49-51. [PMID: 38523849 PMCID: PMC10958634 DOI: 10.1016/j.aace.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Monogenic diabetes is a rare type of diabetes that is commonly misdiagnosed as type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, which adversely impacts patient care. Such cases are particularly challenging given the heterogeneity in presentation and overlap with other types of diabetes. As the sole use of meglitinides, especially repaglinide, to treat HNF1A-associated monogenic diabetes has been rarely reported in a few other observational studies, we describe a patient who was treated successfully with repaglinide. Case Report A 38-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus, congenital deafness, chronic kidney disease, and retinopathy presented with difficulty controlling her blood glucose levels. Although initially treated with insulin, she had periods of noncompliance with insulin without experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis. Although on insulin therapy, she experienced multiple episodes of hypoglycemia. The laboratory tests showed a hemoglobin A1c level of 10.8%, c-peptide level of 2.7 ng/mL (1.1-4.4 ng/mL), glucose level of 192 mg/dL, creatinine level of 1.23 ng/dL, and severely increased microalbumin-to-creatinine ratio of 638 mg/g (normal range, 0-29 mg/g). Pancreatic autoantibodies were negative. Genetic testing revealed a diagnosis of HNF1A-associated monogenic diabetes (c. 1340C>T (p.P447L)). She was ultimately treated with repaglinide after trials of sulfonylureas and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors led to frequent hypoglycemia and a significant increase in the hemoglobin A1c level, respectively. Discussion This case highlights the importance of correctly diagnosing monogenic diabetes and reports the successful use of repaglinide to treat HNF1A-associated monogenic diabetes. Conclusion Patients with HNF1A-associated monogenic diabetes who do not achieve euglycemia with sulfonylureas and insulin may be successfully treated with repaglinide monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Cuan
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ilana R. Bass
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and Mount Sinai West, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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4
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Ota N, Kato H, Shiojiri N. Gene expression in the liver of the hagfish (Eptatretus burgeri) belonging to the Cyclostomata is ancestral to that of mammals. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:690-700. [PMID: 37644755 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Although the liver of the hagfish, an earliest diverged lineage among vertebrates, has a histological architecture similar to that of mammals, its gene expression has not been explored yet. The present study was undertaken to comparatively characterize gene expression in the liver of the hagfish with that of the mouse, using in situ hybridization technique. Expression of alb (albumin) was detectable in all hepatocytes of the hagfish liver, but was negative in intrahepatic bile ducts. Their expression in abundant periportal ductules was weak. The expression pattern basically resembled that in mammalian livers, indicating that the differential expression of hepatocyte markers in hepatocytes and biliary cells may have been acquired in ancestral vertebrates. alb expression was almost homogeneous in the hagfish liver, whereas that in the mouse liver lobule was zonal. The glul (glutamate-ammonia ligase) expression was also homogeneously detectable in hepatocytes without zonation, and weakly so in biliary cells of the hagfish, which contrasted with its restricted pericentral expression in mouse livers. These findings indicated that the hagfish liver did not have mammalian-type zonation. Whereas tetrapods had Hnf (hepatocyte nuclear factor) 1a and Hnf1b genes encoding the transcription factors, the hagfish had a single gene of their orthologue hnf1. Although HNF1α and HNF1β were immunohistochemically detected in hepatocytes and biliary cells of the mouse, respectively, hnf1 was expressed in both hepatocytes and biliary cells of the hagfish. These data indicate that gene expression of hnf1 in the hagfish liver may be ancestral with that of alb and glul during vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Ota
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Shiojiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
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Han F. N6-methyladenosine modification in ischemic stroke: Functions, regulation, and therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25192. [PMID: 38317953 PMCID: PMC10840115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most frequently occurring internal modification in eukaryotic RNAs. By modulating various aspects of the RNA life cycle, it has been implicated in a wide range of pathological and physiological processes associated with human diseases. Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with few treatment options and a narrow therapeutic window, and accumulating evidence has indicated the involvement of m6A modifications in the development and progression of this type of stroke. In this review, which provides insights for the prevention and clinical treatment of stroke, we present an overview of the roles played by m6A modification in ischemic stroke from three main perspectives: (1) the association of m6A modification with established risk factors for stroke, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and heart disease; (2) the roles of m6A modification regulators and their functional regulation in the pathophysiological injury mechanisms of stroke, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cell death processes; and (3) the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A regulators in the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
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6
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van Rosmalen BV, Visentin M, Furumaya A, van Delden OM, Kazemier G, van Gulik TM, Verheij J, Stieger B. Association Between Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Organic Anion Transporters, and Farnesoid X Receptor in Benign Focal Liver Lesions. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:118-125. [PMID: 38050024 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The organic anion uptake and efflux transporters [organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1, OATP1B3 and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP)2 and MRP3] that mediate the transport of the hepatobiliary-specific contrast agent gadoxetate (Gd-EOB-DTPA) are direct or indirect targets of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a key regulator of bile acid and lipid homeostasis. In benign liver tumors, FXR expression and activation is not yet characterized. We investigated the expression and activation of FXR and its targets in hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and their correlation with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI patterns were assessed by an expert radiologist. The intensity of the lesions on the hepatobiliary phase was correlated to mRNA expression levels of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, MRP2, MRP3, FXR, and small heterodimer partner (SHP) in fresh surgical specimens of patients with FNH or HCA subtypes. Normal and tumor sample pairs of 43 HCA and 14 FNH were included. All FNH (14/14) were hyperintense. Of the 34 HCA with available Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, 6 were hyperintense and 28 HCA were hypointense. OATP1B3 was downregulated in the hypointense tumors compared with normal surrounding liver tissue (2.77±3.59 vs. 12.9±15.6, P < 0.001). A significant positive correlation between FXR expression and activation and OATP1B3 expression level was found in the HCA cohort. SHP showed a trend toward downregulation in hypointense HCA. In conclusion, this study suggests that the MRI relative signal in HCA may reflect expression level and/or activity of SHP and FXR. Moreover, our data confirms the pivotal role of OATP1B3 in Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake in HCA. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: FXR represents a valuable target for the treatment of liver disease and metabolic syndrome. Currently, two molecules, ursodeoxycholate and obeticholate, are approved for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis and cholestasis, with several compounds in clinical trials for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Because FXR expression and activation is associated with gadoxetate accumulation in HCA, an atypical gadoxetate-enhanced MRI pattern might arise in patients under FXR-targeted therapy, thereby complicating the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belle V van Rosmalen
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Michele Visentin
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Alicia Furumaya
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Otto M van Delden
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Geert Kazemier
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Thomas M van Gulik
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Bruno Stieger
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., T.M.vG.); Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (B.V.vR., A.F., O.M.vD., T.M.vG., J.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland (M.V., B.S.); Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.M.vD.); Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.K.); and Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
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7
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Xue D, Narisu N, Taylor DL, Zhang M, Grenko C, Taylor HJ, Yan T, Tang X, Sinha N, Zhu J, Vandana JJ, Nok Chong AC, Lee A, Mansell EC, Swift AJ, Erdos MR, Zhong A, Bonnycastle LL, Zhou T, Chen S, Collins FS. Functional interrogation of twenty type 2 diabetes-associated genes using isogenic human embryonic stem cell-derived β-like cells. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1897-1914.e11. [PMID: 37858332 PMCID: PMC10841752 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies have identified numerous loci associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the functional roles of many loci remain unexplored. Here, we engineered isogenic knockout human embryonic stem cell lines for 20 genes associated with T2D risk. We examined the impacts of each knockout on β cell differentiation, functions, and survival. We generated gene expression and chromatin accessibility profiles on β cells derived from each knockout line. Analyses of T2D-association signals overlapping HNF4A-dependent ATAC peaks identified a likely causal variant at the FAIM2 T2D-association signal. Additionally, the integrative association analyses identified four genes (CP, RNASE1, PCSK1N, and GSTA2) associated with insulin production, and two genes (TAGLN3 and DHRS2) associated with β cell sensitivity to lipotoxicity. Finally, we leveraged deep ATAC-seq read coverage to assess allele-specific imbalance at variants heterozygous in the parental line and identified a single likely functional variant at each of 23 T2D-association signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Xue
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - D Leland Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meili Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Caleb Grenko
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Henry J Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CB1 8RN Cambridge, UK
| | - Tingfen Yan
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xuming Tang
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Neelam Sinha
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Jeya Vandana
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, The Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Angie Chi Nok Chong
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Angela Lee
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Erin C Mansell
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy J Swift
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael R Erdos
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aaron Zhong
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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8
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Liu M, Liu L, Guo H, Fan X, Liu T, Xu C, He Z, Song Y, Gao L, Shao S, Zhao J, Lu P. Dominant-negative HNF1α mutant promotes liver steatosis and inflammation by regulating hepatic complement factor D. iScience 2023; 26:108018. [PMID: 37841581 PMCID: PMC10568430 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with HNF1A variants may develop liver steatosis, while the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we established a mouse model carrying the dominant-negative HNF1α P291fsinsC mutation (hHNF1Amut/-) and found that the mutant mice developed liver steatosis spontaneously under the normal chow diet. Transcriptome analysis showed significant upregulation of Cfd and other genes related to innate immune response in the liver of hHNF1Amut/- mice. The changes in lipid metabolism and complement pathways were also confirmed by proteomics. We demonstrated that HNF1α inhibited CFD expression in hepatocytes, and the P291fsinsC mutant could reverse this inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the suppression of CFD with specific inhibitor or siRNAs reduced triglyceride levels in hepatocytes, suggesting that CFD regulated hepatocyte lipid deposition. Our results demonstrate that the HNF1α P291fsinsC mutant promotes hepatic steatosis and inflammation by upregulating CFD expression, and targeting CFD may delay the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Luna Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Honglin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Tianbao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Zhao He
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Yongfeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Shanshan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250021, China
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9
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Perry BW, McDonald AL, Trojahn S, Saxton MW, Vincent EP, Lowry C, Evans Hutzenbiler BD, Cornejo OE, Robbins CT, Jansen HT, Kelley JL. Feeding during hibernation shifts gene expression toward active season levels in brown bears ( Ursus arctos). Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:368-380. [PMID: 37486084 PMCID: PMC10642923 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00030.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibernation in bears involves a suite of metabolical and physiological changes, including the onset of insulin resistance, that are driven in part by sweeping changes in gene expression in multiple tissues. Feeding bears glucose during hibernation partially restores active season physiological phenotypes, including partial resensitization to insulin, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze tissue-level gene expression in adipose, liver, and muscle to identify genes that respond to midhibernation glucose feeding and thus potentially drive postfeeding metabolical and physiological shifts. We show that midhibernation feeding stimulates differential expression in all analyzed tissues of hibernating bears and that a subset of these genes responds specifically by shifting expression toward levels typical of the active season. Inferences of upstream regulatory molecules potentially driving these postfeeding responses implicate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and other known regulators of insulin sensitivity, providing new insight into high-level regulatory mechanisms involved in shifting metabolic phenotypes between hibernation and active states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair W Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Anna L McDonald
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Shawn Trojahn
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Michael W Saxton
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Ellery P Vincent
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Courtney Lowry
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | | | - Omar E Cornejo
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
| | - Charles T Robbins
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Heiko T Jansen
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Joanna L Kelley
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
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10
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Mir R, Elfaki I, Elangeeb ME, Moawadh MS, Tayeb FJ, Barnawi J, Albalawi IA, Alharbi AA, Alhelali MH, Alsaedi BSO. Comprehensive Molecular Evaluation of HNF-1 Alpha, miR-27a, and miR-146 Gene Variants and Their Link with Predisposition and Progression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1270. [PMID: 37623520 PMCID: PMC10455578 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic condition induced by insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have biological significance because they regulate processes such as the molecular signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha) is a transcription factor found in hepatocytes and the pancreas. Mutations in the HNF-1 alpha gene were reportedly associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between MiR-27a, MiR-146, and HNF-1 alpha single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) with T2D risk in the Saudi population. METHODOLOGY We evaluated the association of SNVs of miR-27a rs895819 A>G, 146a-rs2910164 C>G, and HNF-1 alpha rs1169288 G>T (I27L) with the risk of T2D in Saudi patients with the Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR (ARMS-PCR). For the miR-27a SNVs, we used 115 cases (82 males, 33 females) and 117 matched healthy controls (HCs); for the Mir-146 SNVs, we used 103 cases (70 males, 33 females) and 108 matched HCs; and for the HNF-1 alpha, we employed 110 patients (80 males, 30 females) and 110 HCs. The blood biochemistry of the participants was essayed using commercial kits, and the methods of statistical analysis used were the Chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and a multivariate analysis based on logistic regression, like the odds ratio (OD) and risk ratio (RR), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The MiR-27a rs895819 AG genotype was linked to increased T2D susceptibility, with OR = 2.01 and p-value = 0.011, and the miR-146 rs2910164 CG genotype and C allele were linked to an elevated risk of T2D, with OR = 2.75, p-value < 0.0016, OR = 1.77, and p-value = 0.004. The results also showed that the GT genotype and T allele of the HNF-1 alpha (rs1169288) G>T is linked to T2D, with OR = 2.18, p-value = 0.0061, and 1.77, p-value = 0.0059. CONCLUSIONS The SNVs in miR-27a, miR-146, and HNF-1 alpha can be potential loci for T2D risk. The limitations of this study include the relatively small sample size and the fact that it was a cross-sectional study. To our knowledge, this is the first study to highlight the association between miR-27a, miR-146, and HNF-1 alpha SNVs and the risk of T2D in the Saudi population. Future large-scale case-control studies, as well as studies on the functions of the proteins and protein interaction studies for HNF-1 alpha, are required to verify our findings. Furthermore, these findings can be used for the identification and stratification of at-risk populations via genetic testing for T2D-prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.M.); (F.J.T.); (J.B.)
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - M. E. Elangeeb
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 67714, Saudia Arabia;
| | - Mamdoh S. Moawadh
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.M.); (F.J.T.); (J.B.)
| | - Faris Jamal Tayeb
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.M.); (F.J.T.); (J.B.)
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.M.); (F.J.T.); (J.B.)
| | | | - Amnah A. Alharbi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marwan H. Alhelali
- Department of Statistics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (B.S.O.A.)
| | - Basim S. O. Alsaedi
- Department of Statistics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (B.S.O.A.)
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11
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Yuyama Y, Kawamura T, Hotta Y, Nishikawa-Nakamura N, Hamazaki T. Treatment strategy for maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 (MODY3): Experience with two sisters and their mother. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2023; 32:228-234. [PMID: 37842141 PMCID: PMC10568571 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.2022-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a relatively young-onset diabetes mellitus with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Among these phenotypes, MODY3, caused by mutations in HNF1A, is one of the most frequent. Although MODY3 is known to respond markedly to sulfonylureas (SU), many cases require insulin therapy. However, there are no clear guidelines for factors to consider when introducing antidiabetic drugs and insulin. This report describes a familial case in which an older sister was diagnosed with diabetes and subsequently with MODY3, followed by the onset of diabetes in the younger sister and mother. The elder sister initially denied insulin treatment and exhibited a suboptimal response to SU but finally agreed to insulin use. The mother initially selected insulin therapy because of the challenges associated with adherence to strict dietary therapy. Conversely, the younger sister responded positively to SU and maintained effective glycemic control. The management of MODY3, even though they have the same single-gene mutation and similar residual insulin secretion at diagnosis, should be flexibly individualized for each family member to ensure long-term adherence and appropriate glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yuyama
- Division of Pediatrics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Hotta
- Division of Pediatrics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Hamazaki
- Division of Pediatrics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Song H, Sontz RA, Vance MJ, Morris JM, Sheriff S, Zhu S, Duan S, Zeng J, Koeppe E, Pandey R, Thorne CA, Stoffel EM, Merchant JL. High-fat diet plus HNF1A variant promotes polyps by activating β-catenin in early-onset colorectal cancer. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167163. [PMID: 37219942 PMCID: PMC10371337 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rising and is poorly understood. Lifestyle factors and altered genetic background possibly contribute. Here, we performed targeted exon sequencing of archived leukocyte DNA from 158 EO-CRC participants, which identified a missense mutation at p.A98V within the proximal DNA binding domain of Hepatic Nuclear Factor 1 α (HNF1AA98V, rs1800574). The HNF1AA98V exhibited reduced DNA binding. To test function, the HNF1A variant was introduced into the mouse genome by CRISPR/Cas9, and the mice were placed on either a high-fat diet (HFD) or high-sugar diet (HSD). Only 1% of the HNF1A mutant mice developed polyps on normal chow; however, 19% and 3% developed polyps on the HFD and HSD, respectively. RNA-Seq revealed an increase in metabolic, immune, lipid biogenesis genes, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling components in the HNF1A mutant relative to the WT mice. Mouse polyps and colon cancers from participants carrying the HNF1AA98V variant exhibited reduced CDX2 and elevated β-catenin proteins. We further demonstrated decreased occupancy of HNF1AA98V at the Cdx2 locus and reduced Cdx2 promoter activity compared with WT HNF1A. Collectively, our study shows that the HNF1AA98V variant plus a HFD promotes the formation of colonic polyps by activating β-catenin via decreasing Cdx2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Ricky A. Sontz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Matthew J. Vance
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Julia M. Morris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Songli Zhu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Suzann Duan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | - Jiping Zeng
- Department of Urology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Ritu Pandey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Curtis A. Thorne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Elena M. Stoffel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Juanita L. Merchant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
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13
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Kharazmi E, Scherer D, Boekstegers F, Liang Q, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Fallah M, Lorenzo Bermejo J. Gallstones, Cholecystectomy, and Kidney Cancer: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Results Based on Large Cohorts. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:218-227.e8. [PMID: 37054756 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gallstones (cholelithiasis) constitute a major health burden with high costs related to surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), generally indicated for symptomatic gallstones. The association between gallstones and cholecystectomy and kidney cancer is controversial. We comprehensively investigated this association, considering age at cholecystectomy and time from cholecystectomy to kidney cancer diagnosis, and assessed the causal effect of gallstones on kidney cancer risk by Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS We compared the risk of kidney cancer in cholecystectomized and noncholecystectomized patients (16.6 million in total) from the Swedish nationwide cancer, census, patient, and death registries using hazard ratios (HRs). For 2-sample and multivariable MR, we used summary statistics based on 408,567 UK Biobank participants. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 13 years, 2627 of 627,870 cholecystectomized Swedish patients developed kidney cancer (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.12-1.22). Kidney cancer risk was particularly increased in the first 6 months after cholecystectomy (HR, 3.79; 95% CI, 3.18-4.52) and in patients cholecystectomized before age 40 years (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.39-1.72). MR results based on 18,417 patients with gallstones and 1788 patients with kidney cancer from the United Kingdom revealed a causal effect of gallstones on kidney cancer risk (9.6% risk increase per doubling in gallstone prevalence; 95% CI, 1.2%-18.8%). CONCLUSIONS Both observational and causal MR estimates based on large prospective cohorts support an increased risk of kidney cancer in patients with gallstones. Our findings provide solid evidence for the compelling need to diagnostically rule out kidney cancer before and during gallbladder removal, to prioritize kidney cancer screening in patients undergoing cholecystectomy in their 30s, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms linking gallstones and kidney cancer in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Kharazmi
- Statistical Genetics Research Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Risk Adapted Prevention Group, Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dominique Scherer
- Statistical Genetics Research Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Boekstegers
- Statistical Genetics Research Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qunfeng Liang
- Risk Adapted Prevention Group, Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health and Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health and Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education, Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Mahdi Fallah
- Risk Adapted Prevention Group, Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Statistical Genetics Research Group, Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Biostatistics for Precision Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, Strasbourg, France.
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14
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Xue D, Narisu N, Taylor DL, Zhang M, Grenko C, Taylor HJ, Yan T, Tang X, Sinha N, Zhu J, Vandana JJ, Chong ACN, Lee A, Mansell EC, Swift AJ, Erdos MR, Zhou T, Bonnycastle LL, Zhong A, Chen S, Collins FS. Functional interrogation of twenty type 2 diabetes-associated genes using isogenic hESC-derived β-like cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.07.539774. [PMID: 37214922 PMCID: PMC10197532 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.07.539774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies have identified numerous loci associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the functional role of many loci has remained unexplored. In this study, we engineered isogenic knockout human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines for 20 genes associated with T2D risk. We systematically examined β-cell differentiation, insulin production and secretion, and survival. We performed RNA-seq and ATAC-seq on hESC-β cells from each knockout line. Analyses of T2D GWAS signals overlapping with HNF4A-dependent ATAC peaks identified a specific SNP as a likely causal variant. In addition, we performed integrative association analyses and identified four genes ( CP, RNASE1, PCSK1N and GSTA2 ) associated with insulin production, and two genes ( TAGLN3 and DHRS2 ) associated with sensitivity to lipotoxicity. Finally, we leveraged deep ATAC-seq read coverage to assess allele-specific imbalance at variants heterozygous in the parental hESC line, to identify a single likely functional variant at each of 23 T2D GWAS signals.
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15
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Firdous P, Nissar K, Masoodi SR, Wani JA, Hassan T, Ganai BA. HNF1α upregulation and promoter hypermethylation as a cause of glucose dysregulation: a case-control study of Kashmiri MODY population. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:915-926. [PMID: 36331708 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01953-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM HNF1α transcription factor regulates a network of genes involved in the development of β-cells and also serves as a model for transcription defects in pancreatic β-cells; mutations in this gene cause MODY. The goal of this study was to assess the promoter methylation and expression profile of the most common MODY causing gene, HNF1α, in Kashmiri MODY patients, as factors responsible for glucose dysregulation, as no such study had been performed on MODY patients in Kashmir previously. METHODS The study included 85 Kashmiri subjects. Samples were extracted for DNA and RNA using standard protocols. The HNF1α promoter methylation profile was assessed by bisulfite conversion of the DNA followed by MSP, whereas qPCR was used for expression analysis. RESULTS The expression of HNF1α was found to be upregulated (p value 0.0349*) in majority of MODY (60%) and T1D (72%) cases (p value 0.0349*). HNF1α expression was 1.33-fold higher in MODY cases with hypermethylated HNF1α promoters (p value 0.0360*). HNF1α expression was upregulated by 2.3-fold in MODY patients with HbA1c levels > 7% (p value 0.0025**). MODY cases with FBS levels > 7.7 mmol/l were upregulated by 0.646-fold than those with FBS levels ≤ 7.7 mmol/l (p value 0.0161*). CONCLUSION In this study, we found that as glucose dysregulation progresses, blood FBS, RBS, and HbA1c levels rise, and that at higher levels, HNF1α expression rises as well. From the results obtained, we may conclude that HNF1α is strongly upregulated in MODY, thus indicating the deleterious effect of over expression of HNF1α gene on glucose regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Firdous
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - K Nissar
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - S R Masoodi
- Department of Endocrinology, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190011, India
| | - J A Wani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - T Hassan
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - B A Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
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16
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Rawat P, Sehar U, Bisht J, Reddy PH. Support Provided by Caregivers for Community-Dwelling Diabetic Hispanic Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and Comorbid Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3848. [PMID: 36835260 PMCID: PMC9962604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is an age-related chronic health condition and a major public health concern. Diabetes is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality and a major contributing factor to dementia. Recent research reveals that Hispanic Americans are at an increased risk of chronic conditions such as diabetes, dementia, and obesity. Recent research also revealed that diabetes develops at least ten years earlier in Hispanics and Latinos than in neighboring non-Hispanic whites. Furthermore, the management of diabetes and providing necessary/timely support is a challenging task for healthcare professionals. Caregiver support is an emerging area of research for people with diabetes, mainly family caregiver support work for Hispanic and Native Americans. Our article discusses several aspects of diabetes, factors associated with diabetes among Hispanics, its management, and how caregivers can support individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Jasbir Bisht
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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17
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Angelescu MA, Andronic O, Dima SO, Popescu I, Meivar-Levy I, Ferber S, Lixandru D. miRNAs as Biomarkers in Diabetes: Moving towards Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12843. [PMID: 36361633 PMCID: PMC9655971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease with many specifically related complications. Early diagnosis of this disease could prevent the progression to overt disease and its related complications. There are several limitations to using existing biomarkers, and between 24% and 62% of people with diabetes remain undiagnosed and untreated, suggesting a large gap in current diagnostic practices. Early detection of the percentage of insulin-producing cells preceding loss of function would allow for effective therapeutic interventions that could delay or slow down the onset of diabetes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could be used for early diagnosis, as well as for following the progression and the severity of the disease, due to the fact of their pancreatic specific expression and stability in various body fluids. Thus, many studies have focused on the identification and validation of such groups or "signatures of miRNAs" that may prove useful in diagnosing or treating patients. Here, we summarize the findings on miRNAs as biomarkers in diabetes and those associated with direct cellular reprogramming strategies, as well as the relevance of miRNAs that act as a bidirectional switch for cell therapy of damaged pancreatic tissue and the studies that have measured and tracked miRNAs as biomarkers in insulin resistance are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Octavian Andronic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Olimpia Dima
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irit Meivar-Levy
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness Ziona 7414002, Israel
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Academy Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness Ziona 7414002, Israel
- Department of Human Genetics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Daniela Lixandru
- Center of Excelence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Younis H, Ha SE, Jorgensen BG, Verma A, Ro S. Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: Mutations, Physiological Consequences, and Treatment Options. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111762. [PMID: 36573710 PMCID: PMC9697644 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a rare form of diabetes which affects between 1% and 5% of diagnosed diabetes cases. Clinical characterizations of MODY include onset of diabetes at an early age (before the age of 30), autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, impaired glucose-induced secretion of insulin, and hyperglycemia. Presently, 14 MODY subtypes have been identified. Within these subtypes are several mutations which contribute to the different MODY phenotypes. Despite the identification of these 14 subtypes, MODY is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus due to an overlap in clinical features, high cost and limited availability of genetic testing, and unfamiliarity with MODY outside of the medical profession. The primary aim of this review is to investigate the genetic characterization of the MODY subtypes. Additionally, this review will elucidate the link between the genetics, function, and clinical manifestations of MODY in each of the 14 subtypes. In providing this knowledge, we hope to assist in the accurate diagnosis of MODY patients and, subsequently, in ensuring they receive appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazar Younis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Se Eun Ha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Brian G. Jorgensen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Arushi Verma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- RosVivo Therapeutics, Applied Research Facility, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Correspondence:
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