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Brichkina A, Ems M, Suezov R, Singh R, Lutz V, Picard FSR, Nist A, Stiewe T, Graumann J, Daude M, Diederich WE, Finkernagel F, Chung HR, Bartsch DK, Roth K, Keber C, Denkert C, Huber M, Gress TM, Lauth M. DYRK1B blockade promotes tumoricidal macrophage activity in pancreatic cancer. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-331854. [PMID: 38834297 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Highly malignant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterised by an abundant immunosuppressive and fibrotic tumour microenvironment (TME). Future therapeutic attempts will therefore demand the targeting of tumours and stromal compartments in order to be effective. Here we investigate whether dual specificity and tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (DYRK1B) fulfil these criteria and represent a promising anticancer target in PDAC. DESIGN We used transplantation and autochthonous mouse models of PDAC with either genetic Dyrk1b loss or pharmacological DYRK1B inhibition, respectively. Mechanistic interactions between tumour cells and macrophages were studied in direct or indirect co-culture experiments. Histological analyses used tissue microarrays from patients with PDAC. Additional methodological approaches included bulk mRNA sequencing (transcriptomics) and proteomics (secretomics). RESULTS We found that DYRK1B is mainly expressed by pancreatic epithelial cancer cells and modulates the influx and activity of TME-associated macrophages through effects on the cancer cells themselves as well as through the tumour secretome. Mechanistically, genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of DYRK1B strongly attracts tumoricidal macrophages and, in addition, downregulates the phagocytosis checkpoint and 'don't eat me' signal CD24 on cancer cells, resulting in enhanced tumour cell phagocytosis. Consequently, tumour cells lacking DYRK1B hardly expand in transplantation experiments, despite their rapid growth in culture. Furthermore, combining a small-molecule DYRK1B-directed therapy with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition and conventional chemotherapy stalls the growth of established tumours and results in a significant extension of life span in a highly aggressive autochthonous model of PDAC. CONCLUSION In light of DYRK inhibitors currently entering clinical phase testing, our data thus provide a novel and clinically translatable approach targeting both the cancer cell compartment and its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brichkina
- Department of Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
- Present address: Institute of Systems Immunology, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Ems
- Department of Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roman Suezov
- Department of Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rajeev Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Lutz
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Felix S R Picard
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Oncology, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute of Translational Proteomics, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Daude
- Medicinal Chemistry Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Wibke E Diederich
- Medicinal Chemistry Core Facility, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Medicinal chemistry, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ho-Ryun Chung
- Institute for Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Marburg, Germany
| | - Detlef K Bartsch
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Roth
- Cell Imaging Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Corinna Keber
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Hessen, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gress
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Department of Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Marburg, Germany
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Egilmezer E, Hamilton ST, Foster CSP, Marschall M, Rawlinson WD. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) dysregulates neurodevelopmental pathways in cerebral organoids. Commun Biol 2024; 7:340. [PMID: 38504123 PMCID: PMC10951402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading non-genetic aetiology of congenital malformation in developed countries, causing significant fetal neurological injury. This study investigated potential CMV pathogenetic mechanisms of fetal neural malformation using in vitro human cerebral organoids. Cerebral organoids were permissive to CMV replication, and infection dysregulated cellular pluripotency and differentiation pathways. Aberrant expression of dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRK), sonic hedgehog (SHH), pluripotency, neurodegeneration, axon guidance, hippo signalling and dopaminergic synapse pathways were observed in CMV-infected organoids using immunofluorescence and RNA-sequencing. Infection with CMV resulted in dysregulation of 236 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-related genes (p = 1.57E-05) and pathways. This notable observation suggests potential links between congenital CMV infection and ASD. Using DisGeNET databases, 103 diseases related to neural malformation or mental disorders were enriched in CMV-infected organoids. Cytomegalovirus infection-related dysregulation of key cerebral cellular pathways potentially provides important, modifiable pathogenetic mechanisms for congenital CMV-induced neural malformation and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Egilmezer
- Serology and Virology Division, Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart T Hamilton
- Serology and Virology Division, Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Charles S P Foster
- Serology and Virology Division, Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
- School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Manfred Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - William D Rawlinson
- Serology and Virology Division, Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.
- School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Folon L, Baron M, Scherrer V, Toussaint B, Vaillant E, Loiselle H, Dechaume A, De Pooter F, Boutry R, Boissel M, Diallo A, Ning L, Balkau B, Charpentier G, Franc S, Marre M, Derhourhi M, Froguel P, Bonnefond A. Pathogenic, Total Loss-of-Function DYRK1B Variants Cause Monogenic Obesity Associated With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:444-451. [PMID: 38170957 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rare variants in DYRK1B have been described in some patients with central obesity, type 2 diabetes, and early-onset coronary disease. Owing to the limited number of conducted studies, the broader impact of DYRK1B variants on a larger scale has yet to be investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS DYRK1B was sequenced in 9,353 participants from a case-control study for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Each DYRK1B variant was functionally assessed in vitro. Variant pathogenicity was determined using criteria from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). The effect of pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants on metabolic traits was assessed using adjusted mixed-effects score tests. RESULTS Sixty-five rare, heterozygous DYRK1B variants were identified and were not associated with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Following functional analyses, 20 P/LP variants were pinpointed, including 6 variants that exhibited a fully inhibitory effect (P/LP-null) on DYRK1B activity. P/LP and P/LP-null DYRK1B variants were associated with increased BMI and obesity risk; however, the impact was notably more pronounced for the P/LP-null variants (effect of 8.0 ± 3.2 and odds ratio of 7.9 [95% CI 1.2-155]). Furthermore, P/LP-null variants were associated with higher fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes risk (effect of 2.9 ± 1.0 and odds ratio of 4.8 [95% CI 0.85-37]), while P/LP variants had no effect on glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS P/LP, total loss-of-function DYRK1B variants cause monogenic obesity associated with type 2 diabetes. This study underscores the significance of conducting functional assessments in order to accurately ascertain the tangible effects of P/LP DYRK1B variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Folon
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Morgane Baron
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Victoria Scherrer
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Toussaint
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Vaillant
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Loiselle
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Dechaume
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frédérique De Pooter
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Raphaël Boutry
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aboubacar Diallo
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lijiao Ning
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Inserm U1018 Clinical Epidemiology, Villejuif, France
| | - Guillaume Charpentier
- CERITD (Centre d'Étude et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète), Evry, France
| | - Sylvia Franc
- CERITD (Centre d'Étude et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète), Evry, France
- Department of Diabetes, Sud-Francilien Hospital, Paris-Sud University, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Michel Marre
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Mehdi Derhourhi
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
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Dorsey SG, Mocci E, Lane MV, Krueger BK. Rapid effects of valproic acid on the fetal brain transcriptome: Implications for brain development and autism. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3684653. [PMID: 38260618 PMCID: PMC10802704 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3684653/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
There is an increased incidence of autism among the children of women who take the anti-epileptic, mood-stabilizing drug, valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy; moreover, exposure to VPA in utero causes autistic-like symptoms in rodents and non-human primates. Analysis of RNA-seq data obtained from E12.5 fetal mouse brains 3 hours after VPA administration to the pregnant dam revealed that VPA rapidly and significantly increased or decreased the expression of approximately 7,300 genes. No significant sex differences in VPA-induced gene expression were observed. Expression of 399 autism risk genes was significantly altered by VPA as was expression of 255 genes that have been reported to play fundamental roles in fetal brain development but are not otherwise linked to autism. Expression of genes associated with intracellular signaling pathways, neurogenesis, and excitation-inhibition balance as well as synaptogenesis, neuronal fate determination, axon and dendritic development, neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, and epigenetic modulation of gene expression was dysregulated by VPA. The goal of this study was to identify mouse genes that are: (a) significantly up- or down-regulated by VPA in the fetal brain and (b) known to be associated with autism and/or to play a role in embryonic neurodevelopmental processes, perturbation of which has the potential to alter brain connectivity and, consequently behavior, in the adult. The set of genes meeting these criteria provides potential targets for future hypothesis-driven studies to elucidate the proximal causes of errors in brain connectivity underlying neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan G. Dorsey
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Sciences, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Evelina Mocci
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Sciences, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Malcolm V. Lane
- Translational Toxicology/Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Bruce K. Krueger
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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Hogg EKJ, Findlay GM. Functions of SRPK, CLK and DYRK kinases in stem cells, development, and human developmental disorders. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:2375-2415. [PMID: 37607329 PMCID: PMC10952393 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Human developmental disorders encompass a wide range of debilitating physical conditions and intellectual disabilities. Perturbation of protein kinase signalling underlies the development of some of these disorders. For example, disrupted SRPK signalling is associated with intellectual disabilities, and the gene dosage of DYRKs can dictate the pathology of disorders including Down's syndrome. Here, we review the emerging roles of the CMGC kinase families SRPK, CLK, DYRK, and sub-family HIPK during embryonic development and in developmental disorders. In particular, SRPK, CLK, and DYRK kinase families have key roles in developmental signalling and stem cell regulation, and can co-ordinate neuronal development and function. Genetic studies in model organisms reveal critical phenotypes including embryonic lethality, sterility, musculoskeletal errors, and most notably, altered neurological behaviours arising from defects of the neuroectoderm and altered neuronal signalling. Further unpicking the mechanisms of specific kinases using human stem cell models of neuronal differentiation and function will improve our understanding of human developmental disorders and may provide avenues for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. J. Hogg
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeUK
| | - Greg M. Findlay
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeUK
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Dorsey SG, Mocci E, Lane MV, Krueger BK. Rapid effects of valproic acid on the fetal brain transcriptome: Implications for brain development and autism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.01.538959. [PMID: 37205520 PMCID: PMC10187231 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.01.538959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is an increased incidence of autism among the children of women who take the anti-epileptic, mood stabilizing drug, valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy; moreover, exposure to VPA in utero causes autistic-like symptoms in rodents and non-human primates. Analysis of RNAseq data obtained from fetal mouse brains 3 hr after VPA administration revealed that VPA significantly [p(FDR) ≤ 0.025] increased or decreased the expression of approximately 7,300 genes. No significant sex differences in VPA-induced gene expression were observed. Expression of genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism as well as neurogenesis, axon growth and synaptogenesis, GABAergic, glutaminergic and dopaminergic synaptic transmission, perineuronal nets, and circadian rhythms was dysregulated by VPA. Moreover, expression of 400 autism risk genes was significantly altered by VPA as was expression of 247 genes that have been reported to play fundamental roles in the development of the nervous system, but are not linked to autism by GWAS. The goal of this study was to identify mouse genes that are: (a) significantly up- or down-regulated by VPA in the fetal brain and (b) known to be associated with autism and/or to play a role in embryonic neurodevelopmental processes, perturbation of which has the potential to alter brain connectivity in the postnatal and adult brain. The set of genes meeting these criteria provides potential targets for future hypothesis-driven approaches to elucidating the proximal underlying causes of defective brain connectivity in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.
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Shih YT, Alipio JB, Sahay A. An inhibitory circuit-based enhancer of Dyrk1a function reverses Dyrk1a -associated impairment in social recognition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.03.526955. [PMID: 36778241 PMCID: PMC9915696 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.03.526955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a Dyrk1a gene define a syndromic form of Autism Spectrum Disorder. The synaptic and circuit mechanisms mediating Dyrk1a functions in social cognition are unclear. Here, we identify a social experience-sensitive mechanism in hippocampal mossy fiber-parvalbumin interneuron (PV IN) synapses by which Dyrk1a recruits feedforward inhibition of CA3 and CA2 to promote social recognition. We employ genetic epistasis logic to identify a cytoskeletal protein, Ablim3, as a synaptic substrate of Dyrk1a. We demonstrate that Ablim3 downregulation in dentate granule cells of adult hemizygous Dyrk1a mice is sufficient to restore PV IN mediated inhibition of CA3 and CA2 and social recognition. Acute chemogenetic activation of PV INs in CA3/CA2 of adult hemizygous Dyrk1a mice also rescued social recognition. Together, these findings illustrate how targeting Dyrk1a synaptic and circuit substrates as "enhancers of Dyrk1a function" harbors potential to reverse Dyrk1a haploinsufficiency-associated circuit and cognition impairments. Highlights Dyrk1a in mossy fibers recruits PV IN mediated feed-forward inhibition of CA3 and CA2Dyrk1a-Ablim3 signaling in mossy fiber-PV IN synapses promotes inhibition of CA3 and CA2 Downregulating Ablim3 restores PV IN excitability, CA3/CA2 inhibition and social recognition in Dyrk1a+/- mice Chemogenetic activation of PV INs in CA3/CA2 rescues social recognition in Dyrk1a+/- mice.
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Lee YH, Suh BK, Lee U, Ryu SH, Shin SR, Chang S, Park SK, Chung KC. DYRK3 phosphorylates SNAPIN to regulate axonal retrograde transport and neurotransmitter release. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:503. [PMID: 36585413 PMCID: PMC9803678 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Among the five members of the dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family, the cellular functions of DYRK3 have not been fully elucidated. Some studies have indicated limited physiological roles and substrates of DYRK3, including promotion of glioblastoma, requirement in influenza virus replication, and coupling of stress granule condensation with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling. Here, we demonstrate that serum deprivation causes a decrease in intracellular DYRK3 levels via the proteolytic autophagy pathway, as well as the suppression of DYRK3 gene expression. To further demonstrate how DYRK3 affects cell viability, especially in neurons, we used a yeast two-hybrid assay and identified multiple DYRK3-binding proteins, including SNAPIN, a SNARE-associated protein implicated in synaptic transmission. We also found that DYRK3 directly phosphorylates SNAPIN at the threonine (Thr) 14 residue, increasing the interaction of SNAPIN with other proteins such as dynein and synaptotagmin-1. In central nervous system neurons, SNAPIN is associated with and mediate the retrograde axonal transport of diverse cellular products from the distal axon terminal to the soma and the synaptic release of neurotransmitters, respectively. Moreover, phosphorylation of SNAPIN at Thr-14 was found to positively modulate mitochondrial retrograde transport in mouse cortical neurons and the recycling pool size of synaptic vesicles, contributing to neuronal viability. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that DYRK3 phosphorylates SNAPIN, positively regulating the dynein-mediated retrograde transport of mitochondria and SNARE complex-mediated exocytosis of synaptic vesicles within the neurons. This finding further suggests that DYRK3 affects cell viability and provides a novel neuroprotective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hyung Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Unghwi Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ryu
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ryong Shin
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Sunghoe Chang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- grid.49100.3c0000 0001 0742 4007Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Santos-Durán GN, Barreiro-Iglesias A. Roles of dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 in nervous system development and disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:994256. [PMID: 36161154 PMCID: PMC9492948 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.994256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are a group of conserved eukaryotic kinases phosphorylating tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. The human DYRK family comprises 5 members (DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3, and DYRK4). The different DYRKs have been implicated in neurological diseases, cancer, and virus infection. Specifically, DYRK2 has been mainly implicated in cancer progression. However, its role in healthy and pathological nervous system function has been overlooked. In this context, we review current available data on DYRK2 in the nervous system, where the available studies indicate that it has key roles in neuronal development and function. DYRK2 regulates neuronal morphogenesis (e.g., axon growth and branching) by phosphorylating cytoskeletal elements (e.g., doublecortin). Comparative data reveals that it is involved in the development of olfactory and visual systems, the spinal cord and possibly the cortex. DYRK2 also participates in processes such as olfaction, vision and, learning. However, DYRK2 could be involved in other brain functions since available expression data shows that it is expressed across the whole brain. High DYRK2 protein levels have been detected in basal ganglia and cerebellum. In adult nervous system, DYRK2 mRNA expression is highest in the cortex, hippocampus, and retina. Regarding nervous system disease, DYRK2 has been implicated in neuroblastoma, glioma, epilepsy, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury and virus infection. DYRK2 upregulation usually has a negative impact in cancer-related conditions and a positive impact in non-malignant conditions. Its role in axon growth makes DYRK2 as a promising target for spinal cord or brain injury and regeneration.
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Tesanovic S, Krenn PW, Aberger F. Hedgehog/GLI signaling in hematopoietic development and acute myeloid leukemia—From bench to bedside. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:944760. [PMID: 35990601 PMCID: PMC9388743 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.944760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the underlying genetic alterations and biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of undifferentiated myeloid cells, have been gradually unraveled in the last decades, translation into clinical treatment approaches has only just begun. High relapse rates remain a major challenge in AML therapy and are to a large extent attributed to the persistence of treatment-resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs). The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is crucial for the development and progression of multiple cancer stem cell driven tumors, including AML, and has therefore gained interest as a therapeutic target. In this review, we give an overview of the major components of the HH signaling pathway, dissect HH functions in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, and specifically elaborate on the role of HH signaling in AML pathogenesis and resistance. Furthermore, we summarize preclinical and clinical HH inhibitor studies, leading to the approval of the HH pathway inhibitor glasdegib, in combination with low-dose cytarabine, for AML treatment.
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11
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Tao S, Duan R, Xu T, Hong J, Gu W, Lin A, Lian L, Huang H, Lu J, Li T. Salvianolic acid B inhibits the progression of liver fibrosis in rats via modulation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:116. [PMID: 34970339 PMCID: PMC8713182 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) has previously reported anti-hepatic fibrosis effects, though it is not clear if it can inhibit hepatic fibrosis by regulating the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. The aim of the present study was to explore the roles and mechanism of Sal B in preventing and treating liver fibrosis in rats. The study also aimed to determine the role of the Hh signaling pathway in this process. A rat model of liver fibrosis was induced through the subcutaneous injection of 50% carbon tetrachloride, followed by treatment with Sal B. After gavage, blood was collected to detect serum markers of liver injury. The degree of liver fibrosis and tissue damage was assessed using histopathological analysis. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to detect the expression levels of TGF-β1 and Hh signaling pathway-related genes, including Sonic hedgehog (Shh) protein, membrane protein receptor protein patched homolog 1 (Ptch1), membrane protein receptor Smoothened (Smo) and transcription factor glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1). Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels were decreased, whilst levels of albumin were increased in rats with liver fibrosis that were treated with Sal B (P<0.05). Additionally, significant increases in TGF-β1, Shh, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1 and α-smooth muscle actin expression levels were observed in the liver tissues of rats with hepatic fibrosis (P<0.05). However, Sal B treatment significantly reduced the expression levels of these proteins (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the Hh signaling pathway may be activated during the process of rat liver fibrosis. Thus, Sal B may exert its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects, at least in part, by inhibiting the activation of the Hh signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjun Tao
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Renjie Duan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Hong
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Gu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Aiqin Lin
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Likai Lian
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Lu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Tiechen Li
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
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12
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Thomas JR, Sloan K, Cave K, Wallace JM, Roper RJ. Skeletal Deficits in Male and Female down Syndrome Model Mice Arise Independent of Normalized Dyrk1a Expression in Osteoblasts. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1729. [PMID: 34828335 PMCID: PMC8624983 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21 (Ts21) causes alterations in skeletal development resulting in decreased bone mass, shortened stature and weaker bones in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). There is a sexual dimorphism in bone mineral density (BMD) deficits associated with DS with males displaying earlier deficits than females. The relationships between causative trisomic genes, cellular mechanisms, and influence of sex in DS skeletal abnormalities remain unknown. One hypothesis is that the low bone turnover phenotype observed in DS results from attenuated osteoblast function, contributing to impaired trabecular architecture, altered cortical geometry, and decreased mineralization. DYRK1A, found in three copies in humans with DS, Ts65Dn, and Dp1Tyb DS model mice, has been implicated in the development of postnatal skeletal phenotypes associated with DS. Reduced copy number of Dyrk1a to euploid levels from conception in an otherwise trisomic Ts65Dn mice resulted in a rescue of appendicular bone deficits, suggesting DYRK1A contributes to skeletal development and homeostasis. We hypothesized that reduction of Dyrk1a copy number in trisomic osteoblasts would improve cellular function and resultant skeletal structural anomalies in trisomic mice. Female mice with a floxed Dyrk1a gene (Ts65Dn,Dyrk1afl/wt) were mated with male Osx-Cre+ (expressed in osteoblasts beginning around E13.5) mice, resulting in reduced Dyrk1a copy number in mature osteoblasts in Ts65Dn,Dyrk1a+/+/Osx-Cre P42 male and female trisomic and euploid mice, compared with littermate controls. Male and female Ts65Dn,Dyrk1a+/+/+ (3 copies of DYRK1A in osteoblasts) and Ts65Dn,Dyrk1a+/+/Osx-Cre (2 copies of Dyrk1a in osteoblasts) displayed similar defects in both trabecular architecture and cortical geometry, with no improvements with reduced Dyrk1a in osteoblasts. This suggests that trisomic DYRK1A does not affect osteoblast function in a cell-autonomous manner at or before P42. Although male Dp1Tyb and Ts65Dn mice exhibit similar skeletal deficits at P42 in both trabecular and cortical bone compartments between euploid and trisomic mice, female Ts65Dn mice exhibit significant cortical and trabecular deficits at P42, in contrast to an absence of genotype effect in female Dp1Tyb mice in trabecular bone. Taken together, these data suggest skeletal deficits in DS mouse models and are sex and age dependent, and influenced by strain effects, but are not solely caused by the overexpression of Dyrk1a in osteoblasts. Identifying molecular and cellular mechanisms, disrupted by gene dosage imbalance, that are involved in the development of skeletal phenotypes associated with DS could help to design therapies to rescue skeletal deficiencies seen in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared R. Thomas
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.R.T.); (K.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Kourtney Sloan
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.R.T.); (K.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Kelsey Cave
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.R.T.); (K.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Joseph M. Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Randall J. Roper
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (J.R.T.); (K.S.); (K.C.)
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13
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Tarpley M, Oladapo HO, Strepay D, Caligan TB, Chdid L, Shehata H, Roques JR, Thomas R, Laudeman CP, Onyenwoke RU, Darr DB, Williams KP. Identification of harmine and β-carboline analogs from a high-throughput screen of an approved drug collection; profiling as differential inhibitors of DYRK1A and monoamine oxidase A and for in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 162:105821. [PMID: 33781856 PMCID: PMC8404221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DYRK1A (dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a) is highly expressed in glioma, an aggressive brain tumor, and has been proposed as a therapeutic target for cancer. In the current study, we have used an optimized and validated time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR-FRET)-based DYRK1A assay for high-throughput screening (HTS) in 384-well format. A small-scale screen of the FDA-approved Prestwick drug collection identified the β-carboline, harmine, and four related analogs as DYRK1A inhibitors. Hits were confirmed by dose response and in an orthogonal DYRK1A assay. Harmine's potential therapeutic use has been hampered by its off-target activity for monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) which impacts multiple nervous system targets. Selectivity profiling of harmine and a broader collection of analogs allowed us to map some divergent SAR (structure-activity relationships) for the DYRK1A and MAO-A activities. The panel of harmine analogs had varying activities in vitro in glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines when tested for anti-proliferative effects using a high content imaging assay. In particular, of the identified analogs, harmol was found to have the best selectivity for DYRK1A over MAO-A and, when tested in a glioma tumor xenograft model, harmol demonstrated a better therapeutic window compared to harmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tarpley
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Helen O Oladapo
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; INBS PhD Program, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Dillon Strepay
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Thomas B Caligan
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Lhoucine Chdid
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Hassan Shehata
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; INBS PhD Program, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Jose R Roques
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Rhashad Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Christopher P Laudeman
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Rob U Onyenwoke
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - David B Darr
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Kevin P Williams
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA.
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14
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Xu D, Li C. Regulation of the SIAH2-HIF-1 Axis by Protein Kinases and Its Implication in Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646687. [PMID: 33842469 PMCID: PMC8027324 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia is a key biological process that facilitates adaptation of cells to oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). This process is critical for cancer cells to adapt to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment resulting from rapid tumor growth. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor and a master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. The activity of HIF-1 is dictated primarily by its alpha subunit (HIF-1α), whose level and/or activity are largely regulated by an oxygen-dependent and ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated process. Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL) catalyze hydroxylation and subsequent ubiquitin-dependent degradation of HIF-1α by the proteasome. Seven in Absentia Homolog 2 (SIAH2), a RING finger-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase, stabilizes HIF-1α by targeting PHDs for ubiquitin-mediated degradation by the proteasome. This SIAH2-HIF-1 signaling axis is important for maintaining the level of HIF-1α under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. A number of protein kinases have been shown to phosphorylate SIAH2, thereby regulating its stability, activity, or substrate binding. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of the SIAH2-HIF-1 axis via phosphorylation of SIAH2 by these kinases and the potential implication of this regulation in cancer biology and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Cen Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
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15
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Starbuck JM, Llambrich S, Gonzàlez R, Albaigès J, Sarlé A, Wouters J, González A, Sevillano X, Sharpe J, De La Torre R, Dierssen M, Vande Velde G, Martínez-Abadías N. Green tea extracts containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate modulate facial development in Down syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4715. [PMID: 33633179 PMCID: PMC7907288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Down syndrome, DS) alters development of multiple organ systems, including the face and underlying skeleton. Besides causing stigmata, these facial dysmorphologies can impair vital functions such as hearing, breathing, mastication, and health. To investigate the therapeutic potential of green tea extracts containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate (GTE-EGCG) for alleviating facial dysmorphologies associated with DS, we performed an experimental study with continued pre- and postnatal treatment with two doses of GTE-EGCG supplementation in a mouse model of DS, and an observational study of children with DS whose parents administered EGCG as a green tea supplement. We evaluated the effect of high (100 mg/kg/day) or low doses (30 mg/kg/day) of GTE-EGCG, administered from embryonic day 9 to post-natal day 29, on the facial skeletal development in the Ts65Dn mouse model. In a cross-sectional observational study, we assessed the facial shape in DS and evaluated the effects of self-medication with green tea extracts in children from 0 to 18 years old. The main outcomes are 3D quantitative morphometric measures of the face, acquired either with micro-computed tomography (animal study) or photogrammetry (human study). The lowest experimentally tested GTE-EGCG dose improved the facial skeleton morphology in a mouse model of DS. In humans, GTE-EGCG supplementation was associated with reduced facial dysmorphology in children with DS when treatment was administered during the first 3 years of life. However, higher GTE-EGCG dosing disrupted normal development and increased facial dysmorphology in both trisomic and euploid mice. We conclude that GTE-EGCG modulates facial development with dose-dependent effects. Considering the potentially detrimental effects observed in mice, the therapeutic relevance of controlled GTE-EGCG administration towards reducing facial dysmorphology in young children with Down syndrome has yet to be confirmed by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Starbuck
- Department of Anthropology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sergi Llambrich
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI Unit/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Rubèn Gonzàlez
- GREAB-Research Group in Biological Anthropology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Albaigès
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Rare Diseases-CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Sarlé
- GREAB-Research Group in Biological Anthropology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Wouters
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI Unit/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Alejandro González
- GTM-Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia, Universitat Ramon Llull, La Salle, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Sevillano
- GTM-Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia, Universitat Ramon Llull, La Salle, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James Sharpe
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- EMBL Barcelona, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael De La Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition-CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Rare Diseases-CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI Unit/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Neus Martínez-Abadías
- GREAB-Research Group in Biological Anthropology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- EMBL Barcelona, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Laham AJ, Saber-Ayad M, El-Awady R. DYRK1A: a down syndrome-related dual protein kinase with a versatile role in tumorigenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:603-619. [PMID: 32870330 PMCID: PMC11071757 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is a dual kinase that can phosphorylate its own activation loop on tyrosine residue and phosphorylate its substrates on threonine and serine residues. It is the most studied member of DYRK kinases, because its gene maps to human chromosome 21 within the Down syndrome critical region (DSCR). DYRK1A overexpression was found to be responsible for the phenotypic features observed in Down syndrome such as mental retardation, early onset neurodegenerative, and developmental heart defects. Besides its dual activity in phosphorylation, DYRK1A carries the characteristic of duality in tumorigenesis. Many studies indicate its possible role as a tumor suppressor gene; however, others prove its pro-oncogenic activity. In this review, we will focus on its multifaceted role in tumorigenesis by explaining its participation in some cancer hallmarks pathways such as proliferative signaling, transcription, stress, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, and finally, we will discuss targeting DYRK1A as a potential strategy for management of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Jamal Laham
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
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17
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Kokkorakis N, Gaitanou M. Minibrain-related kinase/dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1B implication in stem/cancer stem cells biology. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1553-1575. [PMID: 33505600 PMCID: PMC7789127 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (DYRK1B), also known as minibrain-related kinase (MIRK) is one of the best functionally studied members of the DYRK kinase family. DYRKs comprise a family of protein kinases that are emerging modulators of signal transduction pathways, cell proliferation and differentiation, survival, and cell motility. DYRKs were found to participate in several signaling pathways critical for development and cell homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the DYRK1B protein kinase from a functional point of view concerning the signaling pathways through which DYRK1B exerts its cell type-dependent function in a positive or negative manner, in development and human diseases. In particular, we focus on the physiological role of DYRK1B in behavior of stem cells in myogenesis, adipogenesis, spermatogenesis and neurogenesis, as well as in its pathological implication in cancer and metabolic syndrome. Thus, understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate signaling pathways is of high importance. Recent studies have identified a close regulatory connection between DYRK1B and the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. Here, we aim to bring together what is known about the functional integration and cross-talk between DYRK1B and several signaling pathways, such as HH, RAS and PI3K/mTOR/AKT, as well as how this might affect cellular and molecular processes in development, physiology, and pathology. Thus, this review summarizes the major known functions of DYRK1B kinase, as well as the mechanisms by which DYRK1B exerts its functions in development and human diseases focusing on the homeostasis of stem and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kokkorakis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece
| | - Maria Gaitanou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece
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18
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Correa-Sáez A, Jiménez-Izquierdo R, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Morrugares R, Muñoz E, Calzado MA. Updating dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2): molecular basis, functions and role in diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4747-4763. [PMID: 32462403 PMCID: PMC7658070 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Members of the dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRKs) subfamily possess a distinctive capacity to phosphorylate tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. Among the DYRK class II members, DYRK2 is considered a unique protein due to its role in disease. According to the post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications, DYRK2 expression greatly differs among human tissues. Regarding its mechanism of action, this kinase performs direct phosphorylation on its substrates or acts as a priming kinase, enabling subsequent substrate phosphorylation by GSK3β. Moreover, DYRK2 acts as a scaffold for the EDVP E3 ligase complex during the G2/M phase of cell cycle. DYRK2 functions such as cell survival, cell development, cell differentiation, proteasome regulation, and microtubules were studied in complete detail in this review. We have also gathered available information from different bioinformatic resources to show DYRK2 interactome, normal and tumoral tissue expression, and recurrent cancer mutations. Then, here we present an innovative approach to clarify DYRK2 functionality and importance. DYRK2 roles in diseases have been studied in detail, highlighting this kinase as a key protein in cancer development. First, DYRK2 regulation of c-Jun, c-Myc, Rpt3, TERT, and katanin p60 reveals the implication of this kinase in cell-cycle-mediated cancer development. Additionally, depletion of this kinase correlated with reduced apoptosis, with consequences on cancer patient response to chemotherapy. Other functions like cancer stem cell formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulation are also controlled by DYRK2. Furthermore, the pharmacological modulation of this protein by different inhibitors (harmine, curcumine, LDN192960, and ID-8) has enabled to clarify DYRK2 functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Jiménez-Izquierdo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martín Garrido-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Morrugares
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n., 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología E Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Dusek CO, Hadden MK. Targeting the GLI family of transcription factors for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:289-302. [PMID: 33006903 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1832078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GLI1 is a transcription factor that has been identified as a downstream effector for multiple tumorigenic signaling pathways. These include the Hedgehog, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways, which have all been separately validated as individual anti-cancer drug targets. The identification of GLI1 as a key transcriptional regulator for each of these pathways highlights its promise as a therapeutic target. Small molecule GLI1 inhibitors are potentially efficacious against human malignancies arising from multiple oncogenic mechanisms. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the key oncogenic cellular pathways that regulate GLI1 transcriptional activity. It also provides a detailed account of small molecule GLI1 inhibitors that are currently under development as potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. EXPERT OPINION Interest in developing inhibitors of GLI1-mediated transcription has significantly increased as its role in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways has been elucidated. To date, it has proven difficult to directly target GLI1 with small molecules, and the majority of compounds that inhibit GLI1 activity function through indirect mechanisms. To date, no direct-acting GLI1 inhibitor has entered clinical trials. The identification and development of new scaffolds that can bind and directly inhibit GLI1 are essential to further advance this class of chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher O Dusek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - M Kyle Hadden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Yoshida S, Yoshida K. Multiple functions of DYRK2 in cancer and tissue development. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2953-2965. [PMID: 31505048 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals. Accumulating studies have revealed that DYRKs have important roles in regulation of the cell cycle and survival. DYRK2, a member of the class II DYRK family protein, is a key regulator of p53, and phosphorylates it at Ser46 to induce apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Moreover, recent studies have uncovered that DYRK2 regulates G1/S transition, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, and stemness in human cancer cells. DYRK2 also appears to have roles in tissue development in lower eukaryotes. Thus, the elucidation of mechanisms for DYRK2 during mammalian tissue development will promote the understanding of cell differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and congenital diseases as well as cancer. In this review, we discuss the roles of DYRK2 in tumor cells. Moreover, we focus on DYRK2-dependent developmental mechanisms in several species including fly (Drosophila), worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saishu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Szamborska-Gbur A, Rutkowska E, Dreas A, Frid M, Vilenchik M, Milik M, Brzózka K, Król M. How to design potent and selective DYRK1B inhibitors? Molecular modeling study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:41. [PMID: 30673861 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
DYRK1B protein kinase is an emerging anticancer target due to its overexpression in a variety of cancers and its role in cancer chemoresistance through maintaining cancer cells in the G0 (quiescent) state. Consequently, there is a growing interest in the development of potent and selective DYRK1B inhibitors for anticancer therapy. One of the major off-targets is another protein kinase, GSK3β, which phosphorylates an important regulator of cell cycle progression on the same residue as DYRK1B and is involved in multiple signaling pathways. In the current work, we performed a detailed comparative structural analysis of DYRK1B and GSK3β ATP-binding sites and identified key regions responsible for selectivity. As the crystal structure of DYRK1B has never been reported, we built and optimized a homology model by comparative modeling and metadynamics simulations. Calculation of interaction energies between docked ligands in the ATP-binding sites of both kinases allowed us to pinpoint key residues responsible for potency and selectivity. Specifically, the role of the gatekeeper residues in DYRK1B and GSK3β is discussed in detail, and two other residues are identified as key to selectivity of DYRK1B inhibition versus GSK3β. The analysis presented in this work was used to support the design of potent and selective azaindole-quinoline-based DYRK1B inhibitors and can facilitate development of more selective inhibitors for DYRK kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Frid
- Felicitex Therapeutics, Inc., 27 Strathmore Road, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Maria Vilenchik
- Felicitex Therapeutics, Inc., 27 Strathmore Road, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Mariusz Milik
- Selvita S.A., Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Król
- Selvita S.A., Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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