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Kozlovskiy A, Shlimas DI, Zdorovets MV, Popova E, Elsts E, Popov AI. Investigation of the Efficiency of Shielding Gamma and Electron Radiation Using Glasses Based on TeO 2-WO 3-Bi 2O 3-MoO 3-SiO to Protect Electronic Circuits from the Negative Effects of Ionizing Radiation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6071. [PMID: 36079451 PMCID: PMC9457671 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article considers the effect of MoO3 and SiO additives in telluride glasses on the shielding characteristics and protection of electronic microcircuits operating under conditions of increased radiation background or cosmic radiation. MoO3 and SiO dopants were chosen because their properties, including their insulating characteristics, make it possible to avoid breakdown processes caused by radiation damage. The relevance of the study consists in the proposed method of using protective glasses to protect the most important components of electronic circuits from the negative effects of ionizing radiation, which can cause failures or lead to destabilization of the electronics. Evaluation of the shielding efficiency of gamma and electron radiation was carried out using a standard method for determining the change in the threshold voltage (∆U) value of microcircuits placed behind the shield and subjected to irradiation with various doses. It was established that an increase in the content of MoO3 and SiO in the glass structure led to an increase of up to 90% in the gamma radiation shielding efficiency, while maintaining the stability of microcircuit performance under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the use of protective glasses based on TeO2-WO3-Bi2O3-MoO3-SiO is highly promising for creating local protection for the main components of microcircuits and semiconductor devices operating under conditions of increased background radiation or cosmic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Kozlovskiy
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpaev Str. 5, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibrag and ov Str. 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy I. Shlimas
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpaev Str. 5, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibrag and ov Str. 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Maxim V. Zdorovets
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpaev Str. 5, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics, The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibrag and ov Str. 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Elena Popova
- Centro de Investigación en Astronomía, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Edgars Elsts
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anatoli I. Popov
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpaev Str. 5, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia
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Leśniak M, Mach G, Starzyk B, Sadowska K, Ragiń T, Żmojda J, Kochanowicz M, Kuwik M, Miluski P, Jimenez GL, Baranowska A, Dorosz J, Pisarski W, Pisarska J, Olejniczak Z, Dorosz D. The Effect of Fluorides (BaF 2, MgF 2, AlF 3) on Structural and Luminescent Properties of Er 3+-Doped Gallo-Germanate Glass. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5230. [PMID: 35955165 PMCID: PMC9369573 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of BaF2, MgF2, and AlF3 on the structural and luminescent properties of gallo-germanate glass (BGG) doped with erbium ions was investigated. A detailed analysis of infrared and Raman spectra shows that the local environment of erbium ions in the glass was influenced mainly by [GeO]4 and [GeO]6 units. Moreover, the highest number of non-bridging oxygens was found in the network of the BGG glass modified by MgF2. The 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of BGG glass with AlF3 suggests the presence of aluminum in tetra-, penta-, and octahedral coordination geometry. Therefore, the probability of the 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions increases in the BGG + MgF2 glass system. On the other hand, the luminescence spectra showed that the fluoride modifiers lead to an enhancement in the emission of each analyzed transition when different excitation sources are employed (808 nm and 980 nm). The analysis of energy transfer mechanisms shows that the fluoride compounds promote the emission intensity in different channels. These results represent a strong base for designing glasses with unique luminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Leśniak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.M.); (B.S.); (G.L.J.); (D.D.)
| | - Gabriela Mach
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.M.); (B.S.); (G.L.J.); (D.D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Starzyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.M.); (B.S.); (G.L.J.); (D.D.)
| | - Karolina Sadowska
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Tomasz Ragiń
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Jacek Żmojda
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Marcin Kochanowicz
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Marta Kuwik
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Piotr Miluski
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Gloria Lesly Jimenez
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.M.); (B.S.); (G.L.J.); (D.D.)
| | - Agata Baranowska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45C Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jan Dorosz
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (T.R.); (J.Ż.); (M.K.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Wojciech Pisarski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Joanna Pisarska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Zbigniew Olejniczak
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Dominik Dorosz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.M.); (B.S.); (G.L.J.); (D.D.)
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Crystallization of Lanthanide-Ho 3+ and Tm 3+ Ions Doped Tellurite Glasses. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072662. [PMID: 35407994 PMCID: PMC9000716 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the presented work, the tellurite glasses TeO2-WO3-ZnO doped with Tm3+ and Ho3+ ions were prepared by the same glass forming method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) techniques were used to study the effects of the forming technology on the thermal and structural properties of the fabricated glasses. After controlled crystallization of investigated glasses, the emission in the VIS- and NIR range was determined. The effect of silver doping on emission intensity was investigated. The value of the activation energy of the glass crystallization process was determined, while the Ea value for pure TeO2 glass was much lower than for tellurite glasses TeO2-WO3-ZnO.
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Lesniak M, Zeid J, Starzyk B, Kochanowicz M, Kuwik M, Zmojda J, Miluski P, Baranowska A, Dorosz J, Pisarski W, Pisarska J, Dorosz D. Investigation of the TeO 2/GeO 2 Ratio on the Spectroscopic Properties of Eu 3+-Doped Oxide Glasses for Optical Fiber Application. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:117. [PMID: 35009261 PMCID: PMC8745866 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study presented an analysis of the TeO2/GeO2 molar ratio in an oxide glass system. A family of melt-quenched glasses with the range of 0-35 mol% of GeO2 has been characterized by using DSC, Raman, MIR, refractive index, PLE, PL spectra, and time-resolved spectral measurements. The increase in the content of germanium oxide caused an increase in the transition temperature but a decrease in the refractive index. The photoluminescence spectra of europium ions were examined under the excitation of 465 nm, corresponding to 7F0 → 5D2 transition. The PSB (phonon sidebands) analysis was carried out to determine the phonon energy of the glass hosts. It was reported that the red (5D0 → 7F2) to orange (5D0 → 7F1) fluorescence intensity ratio for Eu3+ ions decreased from 4.49 (Te0Ge) to 3.33 (Te15Ge) and showed a constant increase from 4.58 (Te20Ge) to 4.88 (Te35Ge). These optical features were explained in structural studies, especially changes in the coordination of [4]Ge to [6]Ge. The most extended lifetime was reported for the Eu3+ doped glass with the highest content of GeO2. This glass was successfully used for the drawing of optical fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lesniak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.Z.); (B.S.); (D.D.)
| | - Jakub Zeid
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.Z.); (B.S.); (D.D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Starzyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.Z.); (B.S.); (D.D.)
| | - Marcin Kochanowicz
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.Z.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Marta Kuwik
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Jacek Zmojda
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.Z.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Piotr Miluski
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.Z.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Agata Baranowska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45C Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jan Dorosz
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 45D Wiejska Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.Z.); (P.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Wojciech Pisarski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Joanna Pisarska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (W.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Dominik Dorosz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.Z.); (B.S.); (D.D.)
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Transition Metals (Cr 3+) and Lanthanides (Eu 3+) in Inorganic Glasses with Extremely Different Glass-Formers B 2O 3 and GeO 2. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237156. [PMID: 34885309 PMCID: PMC8658304 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glasses containing two different network-forming components and doped with optically active ions exhibit interesting properties. In this work, glass systems based on germanium dioxide and boron trioxide singly doped with lanthanides (Eu3+) and transition metals (Cr3+) ions are research subjects. Optical spectroscopy was the major research tool used to record excitation and emission spectra in a wide spectral range for studied systems. The emitted radiation of glasses doped with Cr3+ ions is dominated by broadband luminescence centered at 770 nm and 1050 nm (4T2 → 4A2). Interestingly, the increase of concentration of one of the oxides contributed to the detectable changes of the R-line (2E → 4A2) of Cr3+ ions. Moreover, EPR spectroscopy confirmed the paramagnetic properties of the obtained glasses. The influence of molar ratio GeO2:B2O3 on spectroscopic properties for Eu3+ ions is discussed. The intensity of luminescence bands due to transitions of trivalent europium ions as well as the ratio R/O decrease with the increase of B2O3. On the other hand, the increase in concentration B2O3 influences the increasing tendency of luminescence lifetimes for the 5D0 state of Eu3+ ions. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the role of the glass host and thus the prospects for new optical materials.
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