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He J, Xu S, Sang G, Wu Y, Liu S. Enhancing the Mechanical Properties and Water Permeability of Pervious Planting Concrete: A Study on Additives and Plant Growth. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2301. [PMID: 38793367 PMCID: PMC11123233 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pervious planting concrete (PPC) is in line with the concept of ecological environmental protection. However, due to its own porous structure, it is difficult to obtain excellent mechanical properties and water permeability at the same time, which hinders its promotion and application. In this paper, natural gravel (NG), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), polyvinyl alcohol latex powder (PVAP) and polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PS) were used to prepare the PPC, and its mechanical properties and water permeability were studied. Three kinds of plants were planted in the PPC and their planting properties were studied. At the same time, the effect of Bacillus on the planting properties was studied. The results show that when the water-binder ratio (W/B) was 0.28 and the PVAP content was 0.8%, both the mechanical properties and water permeability of the PPC were optimal. The compressive strength and permeability coefficient were 14.2 MPa and 14.48 mm/s, respectively. The mechanical properties and water permeability of PPC prepared with 10~20 mm NG were better than those prepared with 5~10 mm NG. Among the three plants, the germination rate and growth of Elymus dahuricus Turcz (EDT) were the best. The incorporation of Bacillus can optimize its planting properties and promote the effective combination between plants and the PPC substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Shanhansu Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Guochen Sang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
| | - Yonghua Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (S.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.)
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Cai J, Shen C, Ye M, Huang S, He J, Cui D. Influencing Factors of Porosity and Strength of Plant-Growing Concrete. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:31. [PMID: 38203885 PMCID: PMC10779908 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A standardized preparation process is proposed in this study for achieving optimal strength and vegetative properties in vegetated concrete, using Yunnan red soil as a growth substrate for plants. The porosity of vegetated concrete is a crucial factor influencing plant growth, while compressive strength is a significant mechanical property. To assess the strength and porosity of vegetated concrete, different design porosities (22%, 24%, 26%, 28%) and cement-to-aggregate ratios (4, 5, 6, 7) were utilized in the preparation of vegetated concrete samples. The shell-making and static-pressure-molding methods were optimized for specimen preparation. Analyzing the stress-strain full curve characteristics of vegetation-type concrete under different influencing factors, an in-depth investigation into its failure mechanism was conducted. It was determined that the design porosity and cement content significantly impact the concrete's performance, particularly in terms of 30-day compressive strength and effective porosity. Furthermore, an increase in the fly ash ratio led to an increase in porosity and a decrease in compressive strength, providing a certain guidance for optimizing concrete performance. Comparative analysis through vegetation experiments revealed that black rye grass exhibited favorable growth adaptability compared to other grass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashi Cai
- Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Chunying Shen
- Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Ming Ye
- Sinohydro Bureau 6 Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110169, China; (M.Y.); (J.H.)
| | - Siyang Huang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jinxing He
- Sinohydro Bureau 6 Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110169, China; (M.Y.); (J.H.)
| | - Ding Cui
- Faculty of Electric Power Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (D.C.)
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Liu C, Xia Y, Chen J, Huang K, Wang J, Wang C, Huang Z, Wang X, Rao C, Shi M. Research and Application Progress of Vegetation Porous Concrete. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7039. [PMID: 37959636 PMCID: PMC10648801 DOI: 10.3390/ma16217039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation porous concrete is a novel material that integrates concrete technology with plant growth, offering excellent engineering applicability and environmental friendliness. This material is mainly utilized in eco-engineering projects such as riverbank protection, architectural greening, and slope protection along roads. This paper systematically reviews the current research progress of vegetation porous concrete by collecting and analyzing the relevant literature from both domestic and international sources. It covers several aspects including the material components of vegetation porous concrete, such as aggregates, cementitious materials, chemical admixtures, and plant species, as well as aspects like mix design, workability, porosity, pH value, mechanical strength, and vegetative performance. Furthermore, the application of vegetation porous concrete in riverbank protection, slope protection along highways, and urban architecture is discussed, along with a prospective outlook on future research directions for vegetation porous concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Yellow River Laboratory, Underground Engineering Research Institute, School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.L.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Yangyang Xia
- Yellow River Laboratory, Underground Engineering Research Institute, School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.L.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (K.H.); (Z.H.); (X.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Kai Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (K.H.); (Z.H.); (X.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Yellow River Laboratory, Underground Engineering Research Institute, School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.L.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
- Research Center for Embankment Safety and Disaster Prevention Engineering Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Yellow River Laboratory, Underground Engineering Research Institute, School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.L.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Zhuojie Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (K.H.); (Z.H.); (X.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Xunhuai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (K.H.); (Z.H.); (X.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Cong Rao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (K.H.); (Z.H.); (X.W.); (C.R.)
| | - Mingsheng Shi
- Yellow River Laboratory, Underground Engineering Research Institute, School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.L.); (Y.X.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (M.S.)
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