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Castro AM, Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Saiz ML, Navarro S, Suárez M, Carbajal I, García Á, Sariego L, Toyos P, Rodríguez S, Jiménez S, González D, Molinos C, Pérez D, Fernández P, Suárez-Alvarez B, Margolles A, Díaz JJ, Delgado S. Gut microbiota and inflammatory mediators differentiate IgE mediated and non-IgE mediated cases of cow's milk protein at diagnosis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:836-845. [PMID: 38344848 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze fecal and blood samples at point of diagnosis in IgE mediated cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and non-IgE mediated (NIM)-CMPA patients to look for potential new biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with IgE mediated CMPA and 13 with NIM-CMPA were recruited in three hospitals in the north of Spain, and were compared with 25 infants from a control group of the same age range. To characterize intestinal microbiota, 16S rDNA gene and internal transcribed spacer amplicons of bifidobacteria were sequenced with Illumina technology. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography, meanwhile intestinal inflammation markers were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a multiplex system. Immunological analysis of blood was performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The fecal results obtained in the NIM-CMPA group stand out. Among them, a significant reduction in the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium sequences with respect to controls was observed. Bifidobacterial species were also different, highlighting the lower abundance of Bifidobacterium breve sequences. Fecal calprotectin levels were found to be significantly elevated in relation to IgE mediated patients. Also, a higher excretion of IL-10 and a lower excretion of IL-1ra and platelet derived growth factor-BB was found in NIM-CMPA patients. CONCLUSIONS The differential fecal parameters found in NIM-CMPA patients could be useful in the diagnosis of NIM food allergy to CM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Castro
- MicroHealth Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)/Instituto Biosanitario del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Isabel Gutiérrez-Díaz
- MicroHealth Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)/Instituto Biosanitario del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - María L Saiz
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sandra Navarro
- Primary Care Center Teatinos-Corredoria, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | | | | | - Águeda García
- Primary Care Center Vallobin-La Florida, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Lydia Sariego
- MicroHealth Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)/Instituto Biosanitario del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Paula Toyos
- Pediatric Group, ISPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodríguez
- Pediatrics Service, Hospital Universitario de San Agustín, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Molinos
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - David Pérez
- Pediatrics Service, Hospital Universitario de San Agustín, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Suárez-Alvarez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- MicroHealth Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)/Instituto Biosanitario del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan J Díaz
- Pediatric Group, ISPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Susana Delgado
- MicroHealth Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)/Instituto Biosanitario del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
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Kahhaleh FG, Barrientos G, Conrad ML. The gut-lung axis and asthma susceptibility in early life. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14092. [PMID: 38251788 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children, with more than 300 million cases worldwide. Over the past several decades, asthma incidence has grown, and epidemiological studies identify the modernized lifestyle as playing a strong contributing role in this phenomenon. In particular, lifestyle factors that modify the maternal gut microbiome during pregnancy, or the infant microbiome in early life, can act as developmental programming events which determine health or disease susceptibility later in life. Microbial colonization of the gut begins at birth, and factors such as delivery mode, breastfeeding, diet, antibiotic use, and exposure to environmental bacteria influence the development of the infant microbiome. Colonization of the gut microbiome is crucial for proper immune system development and disruptions to this process can predispose a child to asthma development. Here, we describe the importance of early-life events for shaping immune responses along the gut-lung axis and why they may provide a window of opportunity for asthma prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariz G Kahhaleh
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Barrientos
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melanie L Conrad
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Ria F, Delogu G, Ingrosso L, Sali M, Di Sante G. Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:40. [PMID: 38216734 PMCID: PMC11071949 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Here we critically discuss data supporting the view that microbial agents (pathogens, pathobionts or commensals alike) play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases, but their role is concealed by the rules presiding over T cell antigen recognition and trafficking. These rules make it difficult to associate univocally infectious agents to diseases' pathogenesis using the paradigm developed for canonical infectious diseases. (Cross-)recognition of a variable repertoire of epitopes leads to the possibility that distinct infectious agents can determine the same disease(s). There can be the need for sequential infection/colonization by two or more microorganisms to develop a given disease. Altered spreading of infectious agents can determine an unwanted activation of T cells towards a pro-inflammatory and trafficking phenotype, due to differences in the local microenvironment. Finally, trans-regulation of T cell trafficking allows infectious agents unrelated to the specificity of T cell to modify their homing to target organs, thereby driving flares of disease. The relevant role of microbial agents in largely prevalent diseases provides a conceptual basis for the evaluation of more specific therapeutic approaches, targeted to prevent (vaccine) or cure (antibiotics and/or Biologic Response Modifiers) multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Delogu
- Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026, Olbia, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - L Ingrosso
- Department Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
- European Program for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Sali
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory and Infectivology Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 60132, Perugia, Italy.
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Belyaeva IA, Bombardirova EP, Turti TV. The Choice of Product for Mixed or Formula Feeding of Infant: Beneficial Properties of Goat’s Milk Formula. CURRENT PEDIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the benefits of goat’s milk as the basis to produce adapted milk formulas according to relevant infants feeding issues. The characteristics of main nutrients of modern goat’s milk formulas are presented. A balanced protein composition enriched with β-palmitate, presence of prebiotics-oligosaccharides, natural nucleotides and probiotics advances these formulas closer to breast milk and provide their multipotent sanogenetic effects. The unique composition of goat’s milk formulas allows to ensure normal physical growth of a baby, induces tissue and systemic immunity via adequate intestinal microbiota formation, maintains normal functioning of gut-brain axis, that promotes vegetative and visceral disorders (due to functional digestive disorders) correction. Thus, it is possible to recommend goat’s milk formulas in cases of forced mixed or formula feeding of healthy infants and children with functional digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Belyaeva
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Morozovskaya Children’s City Hospital
| | - Elena P. Bombardirova
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery
| | - Tatiana V. Turti
- Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management
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