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Abdel-Halim MS, El-Ganiny AM, Mansour B, Yahya G, Latif HKAE, Askoura M. Phenotypic, molecular, and in silico characterization of coumarin as carbapenemase inhibitor to fight carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:67. [PMID: 38413891 PMCID: PMC10898048 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbapenems represent the first line treatment of serious infections caused by drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) is one of the urgent threats to human health worldwide. The current study aims to evaluate the carbapenemase inhibitory potential of coumarin and to test its ability to restore meropenem activity against CRKP. Disk diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates to various antibiotics. Carbapenemase genes (NDM-1, VIM-2, and OXA-9) were detected using PCR. The effect of sub-MIC of coumarin on CRKP isolates was performed using combined disk assay, enzyme inhibition assay, and checkerboard assay. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to estimate the coumarin effect on expression of carbapenemase genes. Molecular docking was used to confirm the interaction between coumarin and binding sites within three carbapenemases. RESULTS K. pneumoniae clinical isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant and showed high resistance to meropenem. All bacterial isolates harbor at least one carbapenemase-encoding gene. Coumarin significantly inhibited carbapenemases in the crude periplasmic extract of CRKP. The checkerboard assay indicated that coumarin-meropenem combination was synergistic exhibiting a fractional inhibitory concentration index ≤ 0.5. In addition, qRT-PCR results revealed that coumarin significantly decreased carbapenemase-genes expression. Molecular docking revealed that the binding energies of coumarin to NDM1, VIM-2, OXA-48 and OXA-9 showed a free binding energy of -7.8757, -7.1532, -6.2064 and - 7.4331 Kcal/mol, respectively. CONCLUSION Coumarin rendered CRKP sensitive to meropenem as evidenced by its inhibitory action on hydrolytic activity and expression of carbapenemases. The current findings suggest that coumarin could be a possible solution to overcome carbapenems resistance in CRKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Saad Abdel-Halim
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Amira M El-Ganiny
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Basem Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 11152, Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hemat K Abd El Latif
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Momen Askoura
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Terefe H, Yitayih G, Mengesha GG. Phytochemicals reduced growth, sporulation and conidial dimensions of Fusarium verticillioides, cause of fumonisin contamination in maize grains. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 40:e00819. [PMID: 38020724 PMCID: PMC10661154 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of methanolic extracts of plants against radial growth and spore dimensions of Fusarium verticillioides. Leaf extracts of 25 plants were tested against the fungus. Of which, thirteen extracts were potent against the fungus and evaluated using food poising technique. Growth was evaluated on PDA medium amended with the extracts at 5 mg ml-1. Control treatments included plates without (negative) extracts and with synthetic (positive) fungicide. Spore dimension was determined using PDB. The results showed T. vulgaris extract completely inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus as equivalent as the fungicide. Similarly, G. parviflora, C. citratus, R. officinalis, R. chalepensis, and Agave sp. also recorded growth reductions ranging from 71.04 to 81.35 % at day seven. In addition, extracts of Agave sp., C. citratus and T. vulgaris did not support sporulation. Overall, the results indicate that T. vulgaris extracts could be safe source of bioactive chemicals to control F. verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Terefe
- School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Yitayih
- Department of Plant Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew G. Mengesha
- Arba Minch Agricultural Research Center, SARI, P.O. Box 2228, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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3
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Khwaza V, Aderibigbe BA. Antifungal Activities of Natural Products and Their Hybrid Molecules. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2673. [PMID: 38140014 PMCID: PMC10747321 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing cases of drug resistance and high toxicity associated with the currently used antifungal agents are a worldwide public health concern. There is an urgent need to develop new antifungal drugs with unique target mechanisms. Plant-based compounds, such as carvacrol, eugenol, coumarin, cinnamaldehyde, curcumin, thymol, etc., have been explored for the development of promising antifungal agents due to their diverse biological activities, lack of toxicity, and availability. However, researchers around the world are unable to fully utilize the potential of natural products due to limitations, such as their poor bioavailability and aqueous solubility. The development of hybrid molecules containing natural products is a promising synthetic approach to overcome these limitations and control microbes' capability to develop resistance. Based on the potential advantages of hybrid compounds containing natural products to improve antifungal activity, there have been different reported synthesized hybrid compounds. This paper reviews different literature to report the potential antifungal activities of hybrid compounds containing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuyolwethu Khwaza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Blessing A. Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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Roopashree B, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Rekha ND, Manjula SN, Preethi G, Gayathri V. An insight into the cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biocontrol perspective of novel Iron(III) complexes of substituted benzimidazoles: Inhibition kinetics and molecular simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37794762 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Mononuclear complexes [FeCl3L2(OH2)] (L = L1, L2) were designed and synthesized by combining FeCl3 with 2-(3'-Aminophenylbenzimidazole) (L1) and 2-[(3'-N-Salicylidinephenyl)benzimidazole] (L2) and were characterized by physico-analytical strategies. The redox properties of the complexes were disclosed by the cyclic voltammetric method. Further, the interactions of complexes with proteins were studied by performing molecular docking engaging protein models of common cancer therapeutic targets to foresee their affinity to bind to these proteins. The complexes evidenced better protein-ligand docking (-8.4 and -9.0 kcal mol-1) and higher binding energies than their ligands. However, the L1 complex displayed improved binding free energy (-33.576 ± 1.01 kcal mol-1) compared to the other complexes and individual ligands. These compounds were screened for in vitro cytotoxic assays against triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-468 cells), anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The in vitro study complemented the in silico assay; therefore, these compounds may be a viable choice for expanding anticancer therapy. Additionally, the L2 showed better biocontrol activity owing to the enhanced growth of Trichoderma and inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Roopashree
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - N D Rekha
- Department of Bio-Technology, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous), Mysuru, India
| | - S N Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - G Preethi
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - V Gayathri
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore City University, Bengaluru, India
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Adra C, Tran TD, Foster K, Tomlin R, Kurtböke Dİ. Untargeted MS-Based Metabolomic Analysis of Termite Gut-Associated Streptomycetes with Antifungal Activity against Pyrrhoderma noxium. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1373. [PMID: 37760670 PMCID: PMC10525753 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrrhoderma noxium is a plant fungal pathogen that induces the disease of brown root rot in a large variety of tree species. It is currently infecting many of the amenity trees within Brisbane City of Queensland, Australia. Steering away from harmful chemical fungicides, biological control agents offer environmentally friendly alternatives. Streptomycetes are known for their production of novel bioactive secondary metabolites with biocontrol potential, particularly, streptomycete symbionts isolated from unique ecological niches. In this study, 37 termite gut-associated actinomycete isolates were identified using molecular methods and screened against P. noxium. A majority of the isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces, and 15 isolates exhibited strong antifungal activity with up to 98.5% mycelial inhibition of the fungal pathogen. MS/MS molecular networking analysis of the isolates' fermentation extracts revealed several chemical classes with polyketides being among the most abundant. Most of the metabolites, however, did not have matches to the GNPS database, indicating potential novel antifungal compounds in the active extracts obtained from the isolates. Pathway enrichment and overrepresentation analyses revealed pathways relating to polyketide antibiotic production, among other antibiotic pathways, further confirming the biosynthetic potential of the termite gut-associated streptomycetes with biocontrol potential against P. noxium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherrihan Adra
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD 4558, Australia; (C.A.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Trong D. Tran
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD 4558, Australia; (C.A.); (T.D.T.)
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Keith Foster
- Brisbane City Council, Program, Planning and Integration, Brisbane Square, Level 10, 266 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (K.F.); (R.T.)
| | - Russell Tomlin
- Brisbane City Council, Program, Planning and Integration, Brisbane Square, Level 10, 266 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (K.F.); (R.T.)
| | - D. İpek Kurtböke
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD 4558, Australia; (C.A.); (T.D.T.)
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Determination of antifungal volatile organic compounds of upland rice vinegar and their inhibition effects on Aspergillus flavus in dried chili pepper. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Sinha S, Singh K, Ved A, Hasan SM, Mujeeb S. Therapeutic Journey and Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1314-1330. [PMID: 34784861 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211116120823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coumarin is an oxygen-containing compound in medicinal chemistry. Coumarin plays an important role in both natural systems like plants and also in synthetic medicinal applications as drug molecules. Many structurally different coumarin compounds were found to show a big range of similarity with the vital molecular targets for their pharmacological action and small modifications in their structures resulted insignificant changes in their biological activities. OBJECTIVE This review gives detailed information about the studies of the recent advances in various pharmacological aspects of coumarins. METHOD Various oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds represented remarkable biological significances. The fused aromatic oxygen-heterocyclic nucleus is able to change its electron density; thus changing the chemical, physical and biological properties respectively due to its multiple binding modes with the receptors, which play crucial role in pharmacological screening of drugs. A number of heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized which have their nucleus derived from various plants and animals. In coumarins, benzene ring is fused with pyrone nucleus which provides stability to the nucleus. Coumarins have shown a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumour, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antiviral, anti-malarial, anti-HIV and antimicrobial activity etc. Results: Reactive oxygen species like superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide are a type of unstable molecule that contains oxygen, which reacts with other molecules in the cell during the metabolism process but it may produce cytotoxicity when reactive oxygen species increase in number, by the damage of biological macromolecules. Hydroxyl radical (˙OH), is a strong oxidizing agent and it is responsible for the cytotoxicity by oxygen in different plants, animals and other microbes. coumarin is the oldest and effective compound having antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant activity, analgesic, anticonvulsant activity, etc. Naturally existing coumarin compounds act against SARS-CoV-2 by preventing viral replication through the targeting on active site against the Mpro target protein. CONCLUSION This review highlights the different biological activities of coumarin derivatives. In this review we provide an updated summary of the researches which are related to recent advances in biological activities of coumarins analogue and their most recent activities against COVID -19. Natural compounds act as a rich resource for novel drug development against various SARS-CoV-2 viral strains including viruses like herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, middle east respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Akash Ved
- Goel Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lucknow -226028 (U.P.). India
| | - Syed Misbahul Hasan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi road, Lucknow-226026 (U.P.). India
| | - Samar Mujeeb
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow. India
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8
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Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, anti-cancer activities, and computational study of a novel thiophenylchromane. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Prasad RK, Loksh KR. Synthesis and anti-oxidant activity of coumarinyl chalcones. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The ability to inhibit oxidative stress has been established as the prime mechanism in treatment of several disease conditions. In view of this, two new series of coumarin–chalcone hybrid molecules (5a–o and 6a–o) were synthesized using various aromatic aldehydes. The structures of the compounds were confirmed using IR, 1HNMR and mass spectral analyses. The compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant potential against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals in scavenging assays.
Results
Compounds 5o and 5k exhibited significant antioxidant potential as compared to the standard drug (ascorbic acid).
Conclusions
It can be concluded that the coumarin–chalcone treatment have the potential to be optimized further to generate scaffolds capable to treat many pathological conditions.
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Sharifi-Rad J, Cruz-Martins N, López-Jornet P, Lopez EPF, Harun N, Yeskaliyeva B, Beyatli A, Sytar O, Shaheen S, Sharopov F, Taheri Y, Docea AO, Calina D, Cho WC. Natural Coumarins: Exploring the Pharmacological Complexity and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6492346. [PMID: 34531939 PMCID: PMC8440074 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6492346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coumarins belong to the benzopyrone family commonly found in many medicinal plants. Natural coumarins demonstrated a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial, casein kinase-2 (CK2) inhibitory, antifungal, antiviral, Alzheimer's disease inhibition, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, phytoalexins, ulcerogenic, and antihypertensive. There are very few studies on the bioavailability of coumarins; therefore, further investigations are necessitated to study the bioavailability of different coumarins which already showed good biological activities in previous studies. On the evidence of varied pharmacological properties, the present work presents an overall review of the derivation, availability, and biological capacities of coumarins with further consideration of the essential mode of their therapeutic actions. In conclusion, a wide variety of coumarins are available, and their pharmacological activities are of current interest thanks to their synthetic accessibility and riches in medicinal plants. Coumarins perform the valuable function as therapeutic agents in a range of medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra, PRD, Portugal
| | - Pía López-Jornet
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Clínica Odontológica Universitaria Hospital Morales Meseguer, Adv. Marques de los Velez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Pons-Fuster Lopez
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Clínica Odontológica Universitaria Hospital Morales Meseguer, Adv. Marques de los Velez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Nidaa Harun
- Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Balakyz Yeskaliyeva
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Ahmet Beyatli
- University of Health Sciences, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Biology Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Institute of Biology, Volodymyrska Str., 64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | - Farukh Sharopov
- Research Institution “Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products”, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Ayni 299/2, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Hekal MH, Abu El-Azm FSM, Samir SS. An efficient approach for the synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some new benzocoumarins and related compounds. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1925917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Hekal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sandy S. Samir
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Fierascu I, Ditu LM, Sutan AN, Drăghiceanu OA, Fierascu RC, Avramescu SM, Lungulescu EM, Nicula N, Soare LC. Influence of gamma irradiation on the biological properties of Asplenium scolopendrium L. hydroalcoholic extracts. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Unraveling the binding mechanism of an Oxovanadium(IV) - Curcumin complex on albumin, DNA and DNA gyrase by in vitro and in silico studies and evaluation of its hemocompatibility. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 221:111402. [PMID: 33975249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An oxovanadium(IV) - curcumin based complex, viz. [VO(cur)(2,2´-bipy)(H2O)] where cur is curcumin and bipy is bipyridine, previously synthesized, has been studied for interaction with albumin and DNA. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy was used to evaluate the interaction of the complex with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the BSA-binding constant (Kb) was calculated to be 2.56 x 105 M-1, whereas a single great-affinity binding site was revealed. Moreover, the hemocompatibility test demonstrated that the complex presented low hemolytic fraction (mostly below 1%), in all concentrations tested (0-250 μΜ of complex, 5% DMSO) assuring a safe application in interaction with blood. The binding of the complex to DNA was also investigated using absorption, fluorescence, and viscometry methods indicating a binding through a minor groove mode. From competitive studies with ethidium bromide the apparent binding constant value to DNA was estimated to be 4.82 x 106 M-1. Stern-Volmer quenching phenomenon gave a ΚSV constant [1.92 (± 0.05) x 104 M-1] and kq constant [8.33 (± 0.2) x 1011 M-1s-1]. Molecular docking simulations on the crystal structure of BSA, calf thymus DNA, and DNA gyrase, as well as pharmacophore analysis for BSA target, were also employed to study in silico the ability of [VO(cur)(2,2´-bipy)(H2O)] to bind to these target bio-macromolecules and explain the observed in vitro activity.
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Wang F, Zhang D, Wu X, Deng S. Biodegradation of anionic polyacrylamide mediated by laccase and amidase: docking, virtual mutation based on affinity and DFT study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to document the elucidation of a mechanism as a reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglue Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Dongchen Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology
- Huainan 232001
- China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- College of Food and Bioengineering Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Shengsong Deng
- College of Food and Bioengineering Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
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Mallikarjuna Reddy G, Camilo A, Raul Garcia J. Pyrrole-2,5-dione analogs as a promising antioxidant agents: microwave-assisted synthesis, bio-evaluation, SAR analysis and DFT studies/interpretation. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104465. [PMID: 33229119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A new series of pyrrole analogs were developed via the microwave irradiation synthesis. Consequently, got a high yield of the products. As pyrroles are familiar for showing various biological properties, all obtained compounds were screened for their antioxidant properties, most of the compounds showing significant activity. In fact, the motifs 5e, 5g, 5h and 5m showed outstanding antioxidant properties. Further, to enlighten the biologically energetic behavior underlying the antioxidant activity, compounds DFT studies were performed. Noteworthy results have been attained and the structure activity relationship (SAR) was discussed with the support of this results. It was found that highly biological active compounds exhibited a low HOMO-LUMO energy gap (Eg) and the high Eg value compounds show very low/negligible or inactive antioxidant activities. In other cases, compounds containing high HOMO energy levels also provide high antioxidant activity. The thought-provoking point of our results is that theoretical descriptors of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap and the highest occupied molecular orbital energy are important descriptors in the bioorganic research to support the biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guda Mallikarjuna Reddy
- Ural Federal University, Chemical Engineering Institute, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandre Camilo
- Department of Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Jarem Raul Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Parana 84030-900, Brazil.
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16
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Boonyaketgoson S, Rukachaisirikul V, Phongpaichit S, Trisuwan K. Limonoids and carbazole alkaloids from the twigs of Chalcas siamensis Tanaka. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:122-129. [PMID: 32449390 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1768084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
One new limonoid, named siamensinolide (1), together with two known limonoids (2 and 3) and eight carbazole alkaloids (4-11) were isolated from the twigs of Chalcas siamensis Tanaka. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. O-methylclausenolide (2) displayed strong cytotoxicity against A2780 cell lines with the IC50 value of 9.2 µM, while clausenolide (3) exhibited strong antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with the MIC value of 0.5 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirada Boonyaketgoson
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Vatcharin Rukachaisirikul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Souwalak Phongpaichit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Kongkiat Trisuwan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Insuasty D, Castillo J, Becerra D, Rojas H, Abonia R. Synthesis of Biologically Active Molecules through Multicomponent Reactions. Molecules 2020; 25:E505. [PMID: 31991635 PMCID: PMC7038231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focusing on the literature progress since 2002, the present review explores the highly significant role that multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have played as a very important tool for expedite synthesis of a vast number of organic molecules, but also, highlights the fact that many of such molecules are biologically active or at least have been submitted to any biological screen. The selected papers covered in this review must meet two mandatory requirements: (1) the reported products should be obtained via a multicomponent reaction; (2) the reported products should be biologically actives or at least tested for any biological property. Given the diversity of synthetic approaches utilized in MCRs, the highly diverse nature of the biological activities evaluated for the synthesized compounds, and considering their huge structural variability, much of the reported data are organized into concise schemes and tables to facilitate comparison, and to underscore the key points of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Insuasty
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biología, Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 vía Puerto Colombia 1569, Barranquilla Atlántico 081007, Colombia;
| | - Juan Castillo
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Diana Becerra
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
| | - Hugo Rojas
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
| | - Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali A. A. 25360, Colombia
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Keypour H, Aidi M, Mahmoudabadi M, Karamian R, Asadbegy M, Gable RW. Synthesis, X-ray crystal structural, antioxidant and antibacterial studies of new Cu(II) macroacyclic Schiff base complex with a ligand containing homopiperazine moiety. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mangasuli SN, Hosamani KM, Managutti PB. Synthesis of novel coumarin derivatives bearing dithiocarbamate moiety: An approach to microwave, molecular docking, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT studies and potent anti-microbial agents. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Khan MS, Agrawal R, Ubaidullah M, Hassan MI, Tarannum N. Design, synthesis and validation of anti-microbial coumarin derivatives: An efficient green approach. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02615. [PMID: 31692746 PMCID: PMC6806407 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An ecofriendly itinerary for the synthesis of newly substituted chromene-3-carboxamide derivatives was undertaken to avoid impurities, usage of toxic solvents, toxic catalyst, and having improved quantitative yields. The green synthesis involves the condensation of substituted salicylaldehyde with N-(substituted)phenyl malonic acid in the presence of a base catalyst, piperidine. All reported compounds were assessed for their antimicrobial activities which clearly suggested their therapeutic implications to address antimicrobial pathogenesis. The synthesized coumarin compounds were examined for their antimicrobial activity against 7 fungal strains and 2 bacterial strains at concentration 125–1000 μg/mL. In particular, the compounds 4 and 5 showed lower minimum inhibitory concentration value (125 μg/mL) against maximum microbial strains. Further, docking of all the synthesized compounds was performed with the enzymes lanosterol 14α-demethylase and glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and a significant binding affinity was observed which supports in vivo antimicrobial study. In addition, the thermal analysis revealed good thermal stability of compounds up to 250 °C. The compounds showed abroad absorption spectrum between 280-550 nm establishing them to be good UV absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, JKLakshmipat University, Rajasthan, Jaipur 302026, India
| | - Ranu Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut 250005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Ubaidullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nazia Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut 250005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Prusty JS, Kumar A. Coumarins: antifungal effectiveness and future therapeutic scope. Mol Divers 2019; 24:1367-1383. [PMID: 31520360 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09992-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The antifungals that are in current clinical practice have a high occurrence of a side effect and multidrug resistance (MDR). Researchers across the globe are trying to develop a suitable antifungal that has minimum side effect as well as no MDR issues. Due to serious undesired effects connected with individual antifungals, it is now necessary to introduce novel and effective drugs having numerous potentials to regulate complex therapeutic targets of several fungal infections simultaneously. Thus, by taking a lead from this subject, synthesis of potent antifungals from coumarin moiety could contribute to the development of promising antifungal. Its resemblance and structural diversity make it possible to produce an auspicious antifungal candidate. Due to the natural origin of coumarin, its presence in diversity, and their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, it secures an important place for the researcher to investigate and develop it as a promising antifungal in future. This manuscript discusses the bioavailability of coumarin (natural secondary metabolic molecule) that has privileged scaffold for many mycologists to develop it as a broad-spectrum antifungal against several opportunistic mycoses. As a result, several different kinds of coumarin derivatives were synthesized and their antifungal properties were evaluated. This review compiles various coumarin derivatives broadly investigated for antifungal activities to understand its current status and future therapeutic scope in antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sankar Prusty
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, 492010, India.
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Aidi M, Keypour H, Shooshtari A, Mahmoudabadi M, Bayat M, Ahmadvand Z, Karamian R, Asadbegy M, Tavatli S, Gable RW. Synthesis of two new symmetrical macroacyclic Schiff base ligands containing homopiperazine moiety and their mononuclear complexes: Spectral characterization, X-ray crystal structural, antibacterial activities, antioxidant effects and theoretical studies. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Naik SD, Hosamani KM. Design and Synthesis of Novel C4-Linked Substituted 2H-Chromen-2-one-hypoxanthine Hybrids as Potential Antimicrobial Agents: An Approach to Molecular Docking Studies. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soniya D. Naik
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad 580003 India
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Abstract
The compound 2′-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridine was obtained with a good yield by the reaction of 2-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine with (2-chloropyridin-4-yl)boronic acid and structurally characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), thin-layer chromatography–mass spectrometry (TLC–MS), HPLC, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and elemental analysis. The functionalization of the pyridine was achieved by the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura carbon–carbon cross-coupling reaction that afforded the target compound.
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Abstract
N-[4-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-yl]benzene-1,4-diamine was synthesized with a good yield by the reaction of 2′-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridine with 4-phenylenediamine. The functionalization of the pyridine was accomplished by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction that afforded the target compound. The synthesized compound was characterized by chemical analysis, which includes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TLC-MS), high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and elemental analysis.
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Synthesis, molecular docking studies and biological evaluation of potent coumarin–carbonodithioate hybrids via microwave irradiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin clubbed thiazines scaffolds as antimicrobial and antioxidant. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Guerra FQS, Araújo RSA, Sousa JP, Silva VA, Pereira FO, Mendonça-Junior FJB, Barbosa-Filho JM, Pereira JA, Lima EO. A new coumarin derivative, 4-acetatecoumarin, with antifungal activity and association study against Aspergillus spp. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:407-413. [PMID: 29102293 PMCID: PMC5913826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections have become a concern for health professionals, and the emergence of resistant strains has been reported for all known classes of antifungal drugs. Among the fungi causing disease, we highlight those that belong to the genus Aspergillus. For these reasons, the search for new antifungals is important. This study examines the effects of a coumarin derivative, 4-acetatecoumarin (Cou-UMB16) both alone and together with antifungal drugs, and its mode of action against Aspergillus spp. Cou-UMB16 was tested to evaluate its effects on mycelia growth, and germination of Aspergillus spp. fungal conidia. We investigated its possible action on cell walls, on the cell membrane, and also the capacity of this coumarin derivative to enhance the activity of antifungal drugs. Our results suggest that Cou-UMB16 inhibits Aspergillus spp. virulence factors (mycelia growth and germination of conidia) and affects the structure of the fungal cell wall. When applying Cou-UMB16 in combination with azoles, both synergistic and additive effects were observed. This study concludes that Cou-UMB16 inhibits mycelial growth and spore germination, and that the activity is due to its action on the fungal cell wall, and that Cou-UMB16 could act as an antifungal modifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Q S Guerra
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de ciências Farmacêuticas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo S A Araújo
- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Janiere P Sousa
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de ciências Farmacêuticas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Viviane A Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de ciências Farmacêuticas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Fillipe O Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de educação e saúde, Cuité, PB, Brazil
| | | | - José M Barbosa-Filho
- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Julio Abrantes Pereira
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de ciências Farmacêuticas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Edeltrudes O Lima
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de ciências Farmacêuticas, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Shaikh F, Shastri S, Chougala BM, Holiyachi M, Shastri LA, Joshi SD, Sunagar. VA. Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydro Flavone Coumarins as a Class of Potent Antifungal and Anti‐inflammatory Agents. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzanabi Shaikh
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003, Karnataka India
| | | | | | | | - Lokesh A. Shastri
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003, Karnataka India
| | - Shrinivas D. Joshi
- Novel Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryS.E.T's College of Pharmacy, Sangolli Rayanna Nagar Dharwad- 580002, Karnataka India
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Yan Z, Liu A, Huang M, Liu M, Pei H, Huang L, Yi H, Liu W, Hu A. Design, synthesis, DFT study and antifungal activity of the derivatives of pyrazolecarboxamide containing thiazole or oxazole ring. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 149:170-181. [PMID: 29501939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Pyrazolecarboxamide fungicides are one of the most important classes of agricultural fungicides, which belong to succinodehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIS). To discover new pyrazolecarboxamide analogues with broad spectrum and high activity, a class of new compounds of pyrazole carboxamide derivatives containing thiazole or oxazole ring were designed by scaffold hopping and bioisosterism, and 36 pyrazole carboxamide derivatives with antifungal activity were synthesized. Those compounds were evaluated against five phytopathogenic fungi, Gibberella zeae, Phytophythora capsici, Sclerotonia sclerotiorum, Erysiphe graminis and Puccinia sorghi. The results indicated that most of the compounds displayed good fungicidal activities, especially against E. graminis. Theoretical calculations were carried out at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level and the full geometry optimization was carried out using the 6-31G (d, p) basis set, and the frontier orbital energy, atomic net charges, molecular docking were discussed, and the structure-activity relationships were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhong Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, No.1 Lushan Road(s), Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhua Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Pei
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, No.1 Lushan Road(s), Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Agrochemicals, Hunan Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Agrochemicals, Changsha, 410014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aixi Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, No.1 Lushan Road(s), Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
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Jamil DM, Al-Okbi AK, Al-Baghdadi SB, Al-Amiery AA, Kadhim A, Gaaz TS, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Experimental and theoretical studies of Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:7. [PMID: 29404816 PMCID: PMC5799090 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Relatively inexpensive, stable Schiff bases, namely 3-((4-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (BZ3) and 3-((4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)amino)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (BZ4), were employed as highly efficient inhibitors of mild steel corrosion by corrosive acid. Findings The inhibition efficiencies were estimated based on weight loss method. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the inhibition mechanism. The synthesized Schiff bases were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and micro-elemental analysis. The inhibition efficiency depends on three factors: the amount of nitrogen in the inhibitor, the inhibitor concentration and the inhibitor molecular weight. Conclusions Inhibition efficiencies of 96 and 92% were achieved with BZ4 and BZ3, respectively, at the maximum tested concentration. Density functional theory calculations of BZ3 and BZ4 were performed to compare the effects of hydroxyl and N,N-dimethylamino substituents on the inhibition efficiency, providing insight for designing new molecular structures that exhibit enhanced inhibition efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M Jamil
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Nahrain, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | - Tayser Sumer Gaaz
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Amir H Kadhum
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Oliveira RP, Demuner AJ, Alvarenga ES, Barbosa LCA, de Melo Silva T. A novel alkaloid isolated from Crotalaria paulina and identified by NMR and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kamal Mourad A, Korany Mohamed F, Yousef Soliman A. A Facile Synthesis of Novel Heterocyclic Compounds with Anticipated Antibacterial Activities Based on Coumarin Moiety. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pornpukdeewattana S, Kerdpiboon S, Jindaprasert A, Pandee P, Teerarak M, Krusong W. Upland rice vinegar vapor inhibits spore germination, hyphal growth and aflatoxin formation in Aspergillus flavus on maize grains. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kamal Mourad A, El-Naby Ibrahim Essawy A, Abdel-Azim Younus H. A Convenient Synthesis of Novel Coumarin Derivatives with Anticipated Antimicrobial Activities. HETEROCYCLES 2017; 94:2039. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Ayine-Tora DM, Kingsford-Adaboh R, Asomaning WA, Harrison JJEK, Mills-Robertson FC, Bukari Y, Sakyi PO, Kaminta S, Reynisson J. Coumarin Antifungal Lead Compounds from Millettia thonningii and Their Predicted Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101369. [PMID: 27754464 PMCID: PMC6274499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens continue to pose challenges to humans and plants despite efforts to control them. Two coumarins, robustic acid and thonningine-C isolated from Millettia thonningii, show promising activity against the fungus Candida albicans with minimum fungicidal concentration of 1.0 and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Molecular modelling against the putative bio-molecular target, lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), revealed a plausible binding mode for the active compounds, in which the hydroxyl group binds with a methionine backbone carboxylic group blocking access to the iron catalytic site. This binding disrupts the synthesis of several important sterols for the survival of fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Ayine-Tora
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, LG 56, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
| | | | | | | | - Felix C Mills-Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Yahaya Bukari
- Botany Department, University of Ghana, LG 55, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
| | - Patrick O Sakyi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, LG 56, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
| | | | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand.
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Efficient Catalyst One-Pot Synthesis of 7-(Aryl)-10,10-dimethyl-10,11-dihydrochromeno[4,3-b]chromene-6,8(7H,9H)-dione Derivatives Complemented by Antibacterial Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5891703. [PMID: 27563671 PMCID: PMC4983404 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5891703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The problem of bacteria resistance to many known agents has inspired scientists and researchers to discover novel efficient antibacterial drugs. Three rapid, clean, and highly efficient methods were developed for one-pot synthesis of 7-(aryl)-10,10-dimethyl-10,11-dihydrochromeno[4,3-b]chromene-6,8(7H,9H)-dione derivatives. Three components are condensed in the synthesis, 4-hydroxycoumarin, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, and aromatic aldehydes, using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP), or ferric chloride (FeCl3), respectively. Each method has different reaction mechanisms according to the catalyst. The present methods have advantages, including one-pot synthesis, excellent yields, short reaction times, and easy isolation of product. All catalysts utilized in our study could be reused several times without losing their catalytic efficiency. All synthesized compounds were fully characterized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity.
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Shaveta, Mishra S, Singh P. Hybrid molecules: The privileged scaffolds for various pharmaceuticals. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:500-536. [PMID: 27598238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The practice of polypharmacology is not a new concept but the approaches which are being adopted for administering the two or more drugs together are varied from time to time. Taking two or more drugs simultaneously, co-formulation of two or more active agents in a single tablet and development of hybrid molecular entities capable to modulate multiple targets are the three popular approaches for multidrug therapy. The simultaneous use of more than one drug for the chemotherapy of a single disease demands a lot of patient compliance. Hence the present form of polypharmacology is gaining popularity in the form of hybrid molecules (multiple ligand approach). From the last 1-2 decades, the synthesis of hybrid molecules by the combination of different biologically relevant moieties has been under constant escalation along with their evaluation as diverse range of pharmacological agents and as potent drugs. This review is focused on the biological potential of hybrid molecules with particular mention of those exhibiting anti-fungal, anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. A comparison of the drug potency of the hybrid molecules with their individual counterparts is discussed for quantifying the significance of the concept of molecular hybridisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaveta
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Sahil Mishra
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Palwinder Singh
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Villaseñor-Granados T, García S, Vazquez MA, Robles J. Molecular docking-based screening of newly designed coumarin derivatives with potential antifungal activity against lanosterol 14 α-demethylase. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Synthesis of novel diazaphosphinanes coumarin derivatives with promoted cytotoxic and anti-tyrosinase activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2450-2454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Al-Azawi KF, Al-Baghdadi SB, Mohamed AZ, Al-Amiery AA, Abed TK, Mohammed SA, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Synthesis, inhibition effects and quantum chemical studies of a novel coumarin derivative on the corrosion of mild steel in a hydrochloric acid solution. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:23. [PMID: 27134648 PMCID: PMC4850708 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by 4-[(2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-5-yl)methoxy]coumarin (ATC), has been investigated using weight loss technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ATC was synthesized, and its chemical structure was elucidated and confirmed using spectroscopic techniques (infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). FINDINGS The results indicated that inhibition efficiencies were enhanced with an increase in concentration of inhibitor and decreased with a rise in temperature. The adsorption equilibrium constant (K) and standard free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) were calculated. Quantum chemical parameters such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO and ELUMO, respectively) and dipole moment (μ) were calculated and discussed. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in both the EHOMO and μ values but with a decrease in the ELUMO value. CONCLUSIONS Our research show that the synthesized macromolecule represents an excellent inhibitor for materials in acidic solutions. The efficiency of this macromolecule had maximum inhibition efficiency up to 96 % at 0.5 mM and diminishes with a higher temperature degree, which is revealing of chemical adsorption. An inhibitor molecule were absorbed by metal surface and follow Langmuir isotherms low and establishes an efficient macromolecule inhibitor having excellent inhibitive properties due to entity of S (sulfur) atom, N (nitrogen) atom and O (oxygen) atom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmed A. Al-Amiery
- />University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad, 10001 Iraq
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Talib K. Abed
- />University of Technology (UOT), Baghdad, 10001 Iraq
| | - Salam A. Mohammed
- />Faculty of Engineering, University of Nizwa, 616 Nazwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdul Amir H. Kadhum
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- />Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43000 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
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Belavagi NS, Sunagar MG, Lamani RS, Deshapande N, Khazi IAM. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel sulfides and sulfones of methylene-bridged benzisoxazolylimidazo[2,1- b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1012196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ravi S. Lamani
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnatak, India
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43
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Al-Amiery AA, Al-Majedy YK, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Synthesis of new coumarins complemented by quantum chemical studies. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Medimagh-Saidana S, Romdhane A, Daami-Remadi M, Jabnoun-Khiareddine H, Touboul D, Jannet HB, Hamza MA. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel coumarin derivatives from 4-methylumbelliferone. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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46
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Vahabi V, Hatamjafari F. Microwave assisted convenient one-pot synthesis of coumarin derivatives via Pechmann condensation catalyzed by FeF3 under solvent-free conditions and antimicrobial activities of the products. Molecules 2014; 19:13093-103. [PMID: 25255747 PMCID: PMC6271414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and efficient solvent-free one-pot synthesis of coumarin derivatives by Pechmann condensation reactions of phenols with ethyl acetoacetate using FeF3 as a catalyst under microwave irradiation is described. This one-pot synthesis on a solid inorganic support provides the products in good yields. The newly synthesized compounds were systematically characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and elemental CHN analyses. The proposed solvent-free microwave irradiation method using the environmentally friendly catalyst FeF3 offers the unique advantages of high yields, shorter reaction times, easy and quick isolation of the products, excellent chemoselectivity, and a one-pot, green synthesis. The products were screened for antimicrobial activity, and the results showed that the compounds reacted against all the tested bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Vahabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University-Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon 46841-61167, Iran.
| | - Farhad Hatamjafari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University-Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon 46841-61167, Iran.
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Elhusseiny AF, Aazam ES, Al-Amri HM. Synthesis of new microbial pesticide metal complexes derived from coumarin-imine ligand. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 128:852-863. [PMID: 24704603 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of metal complexes of zinc(II), cadmium(II), copper(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II) have been synthesized from coumarin-imine ligand, 8-[(1E)-1-(2-aminophenyliminio)ethyl]-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-olate, [HL]. The structures of the complexes were proposed in the light of their spectroscopic, molar conductance, magnetic and thermal studies. The ligand coordinated in a tridentate manner through the azomethine nitrogen, the phenolic oxygen and the amine nitrogen and all complexes were non-electrolytes with different geometrical arrangements around the central metal ion. Photoluminescence data unambiguously showed remarkable fluorescence enhancement to Zn(2+) over other cations. The antimicrobial screening tests revealed that copper(II) complex exhibited the highest potency and its minimum inhibitory concentration on the enzymatic activities of the tested microbial species was determined. No toxin productivity was detected for all tested toxigenic species upon the exposure of copper complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel F Elhusseiny
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 2, Moharram Beck, Alexandria 21568, Egypt.
| | - Elham S Aazam
- Department of Chemistry, Girls Section, University of King Abdulaziz, PO Box 6171, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Amri
- Department of Chemistry, Girls Section, University of King Abdulaziz, PO Box 6171, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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48
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Hydrazones derived from thiooxamohydrazides and 3-formyl-4-hydroxycoumarin: synthesis, structures, and fragmentation. Russ Chem Bull 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-012-0325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Eichmann K. New section: memories and retrospectives. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:2223-4. [PMID: 23685904 PMCID: PMC11113540 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Eichmann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 9108 Freiburg, Germany
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50
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Junaedi S, Al-Amiery AA, Kadihum A, Kadhum AAH, Mohamad AB. Inhibition effects of a synthesized novel 4-aminoantipyrine derivative on the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution together with quantum chemical studies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11915-28. [PMID: 23736696 PMCID: PMC3709763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Dimethyl-4-((2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (DMPO) was synthesized to be evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitory effects of DMPO on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM). The results showed that DMPO inhibited mild steel corrosion in acid solution and indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. Changes in the impedance parameters suggested an adsorption of DMPO onto the mild steel surface, leading to the formation of protective films. The novel synthesized corrosion inhibitor was characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR and NMR spectral analyses. Electronic properties such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO and ELUMO, respectively) and dipole moment (μ) were calculated and discussed. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in the EHOMO values but with a decrease in the ELUMO value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutiana Junaedi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Amiery
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
- Applied Chemistry Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Abdulhadi Kadihum
- Applied Physics Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; E-Mail:
| | - Abdul Amir H. Kadhum
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Abu Bakar Mohamad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; E-Mails: (S.J.); (A.A.H.K.); (A.B.M.)
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