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Mu Q, Tian W, Zhang J, Li R, Ji Y. Nanocrystalline Porous Materials for Chiral Separation: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7864-7879. [PMID: 38320090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Qixuan Mu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wanting Tian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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Hubner EM, Schützinger S, Molnárová K, Schmid MG. Screening of Astec® CHIRALDEX™ G-PN and LIPODEX™ D gas chromatography columns for enantioseparation of amphetamine derivatives. Chirality 2024; 36:e23676. [PMID: 38736271 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Among different substance classes, New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) comprise chiral amphetamines for stimulant and empathic effects. There is little knowledge in terms of clinical studies about possibly different effects of the two enantiomers of novel amphetamine derivatives. For this reason, there is a big demand for enantioseparation method development of this new substance class. Regarding gas chromatography, cyclodextrins proved to be effective for enantioseparation of NPS. In our attempt, an Astec® Chiraldex™ G-PN column containing 2,6-di-O-pentyl-3-propionyl-γ-cyclodextrin and a Lipodex™ D column containing heptakis-(2,6-di-O-pentyl-O-acetyl)-β-cyclodextrin as chiral selector served as stationary phases in a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 SE system. Because of the special coating, maximum temperature is limited to 200 °C isothermal or 220 °C in programmed mode. To ensure detection, trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) was used to increase sample volatility.1 As a result, 35 amphetamines were tested as their TFAA-derivatives. A screening method with a temperature gradient from 140 °C to 200 °C at a heating ramp of 1 °C per minute and final time of 5 min, showed baseline separation for seven and partial separations for 16 trifluoro acetylated amphetamines using the Chiraldex™ G-PN column. Six baseline and nine partial separations were observed with the Lipodex™ D column, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Hubner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sophie Schützinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katarína Molnárová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin G Schmid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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3
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Scriba GKE. Update on chiral recognition mechanisms in separation science. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400148. [PMID: 38772711 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The stereospecific analysis of chiral molecules is an important issue in many scientific fields. In separation sciences, this is achieved via the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes between a chiral selector and the selectand enantiomers driven by molecular interactions including electrostatic, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, van der Waals or π-π interactions as well as hydrogen or halogen bonds depending on the nature of selector and selectand. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods are currently the most frequently applied techniques to understand the selector-selectand interactions at a molecular level and to draw conclusions on the chiral separation mechanism. The present short review summarizes some of the recent achievements for the understanding of the chiral recognition of the most important chiral selectors combining separation techniques with molecular modeling and/or spectroscopic techniques dating between 2020 and early 2024. The selectors include polysaccharide derivatives, cyclodextrins, macrocyclic glycopeptides, proteins, donor-acceptor type selectors, ion-exchangers, crown ethers, and molecular micelles. The application of chiral ionic liquids and chiral deep eutectic solvents, as well as further selectors, are also briefly addressed. A compilation of all published literature on chiral selectors has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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4
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Gallo M, Onida B, Manna L, Banchero M. Silica-Cyclodextrin Hybrid Materials: Two Possible Synthesis Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1108. [PMID: 38256180 PMCID: PMC10816945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cyclodextrin (CD) and porous silica possess interesting properties of adsorption and release. A silica-CD hybrid, therefore, could synergically merge the properties of the two components, giving rise to a material with appealing properties for both environmental and pharmaceutical applications. With this aim, in the present study, a first hybrid is obtained through one-pot sol-gel synthesis starting from CD and tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) as a silica precursor. In particular, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (bMCD) is selected for this purpose. The obtained bMCD-silica hybrid is a dense material containing a considerable amount of bMCD (45 wt.%) in amorphous form and therefore represents a promising support. However, since a high specific surface area is desirable to increase the release/adsorption properties, an attempt is made to produce the hybrid material in the form of an aerogel. Both the synthesis of the gel and its drying in supercritical CO2 are optimized in order to reach this goal. All the obtained samples are characterized in terms of their physico-chemical properties (infra-red spectroscopy, thermogravimetry) and structure (X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy) in order to investigate their composition and the interaction between the organic component (bMCD) and the inorganic one (silica).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mauro Banchero
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.G.); (B.O.); (L.M.)
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Liu R, Gu B, Chen M, Ye J, Chu Q. Deep eutectic solvents combined with beta-cyclodextrin derivatives for chiral separation of typical adrenergic receptor agonists by capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115748. [PMID: 37757546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Enantioseparation has always been one of the research hotspots and difficulties in the field of modern separation science. In this work, a binary chiral electrophoretic separation system was constructed using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) coupled with beta-cyclodextrin derivatives based on capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection system, and five groups of typical adrenergic receptor agonists (adrenaline, salbutamol, isoproterenol, norepinephrine and terbutaline) were selected as the model enantiomers. The effects of additive types and contents of DESs and cyclodextrins, and the pH value and concentration of the running buffer on the resolution of the selected chiral compounds were investigated in detail. The mechanism of DESs improving separation was explored preliminarily by means of UV spectrophotometry, which was further verified based on the comparison of single and mixed components of choline chlorine-urea DES. Under the optimum conditions, the relative standard deviations for inter-day and intra-day repeatability of the migration time, peak area and resolution for adrenaline and salbutamol were within 8.7%, and the limits of detection reached 0.030 μg mL-1 (S/N = 3). The recovery data were in the range of 96.3-118.7%. The developed methods have been applied for the analyses of (+)-adrenaline hydrochloride injection and (±)-salbutamol aerosol. This binary chiral electrophoretic separation system by CE-AD has high detection sensitivity and low analytical cost, providing an alternative for the separation and analysis of chiral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Boning Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meijun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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6
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Liu H, Wu Z, Chen J, Wang J, Qiu H. Recent advances in chiral liquid chromatography stationary phases for pharmaceutical analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464367. [PMID: 37714014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a common phenomenon in nature. Different enantiomers of chiral drug compounds have obvious differences in their effects on the human body. Therefore, the separation of chiral drugs plays an extremely important role in the safe utilization of drugs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an effective tool for the separation and analysis of compounds, in which the chromatographic packing plays a key role in the separation. Chiral pharmaceutical separation and analysis in HPLC rely on chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Thus, various CSPs are being developed to meet the needs of chiral drug separation and analysis. In this review, recent developments in CSPs, including saccharides (cyclodextrin, cellulose, amylose and chitosan), macrocycles (macrocyclic glycopeptides, pillar[n]arene and polyamide) and porous organic materials (metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and porous organic cages), for pharmaceutical analysis in HPLC were summarized, the advantages and disadvantages of various stationary phases were introduced, and their development prospects were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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7
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Liu H, Chen J, Chen M, Wang J, Qiu H. Recent development of chiral ionic liquids for enantioseparation in liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1274:341496. [PMID: 37455089 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs), which are salts in a molten state below 100 °C, have become a hot topic of research in various fields because of their negligible vapour pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable viscosity. Chiral ionic liquids (CILs) can be applied in chromatography and capillary electrophoresis fields to improve the performance of enantiomeric separation, such as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and mobile phase additives in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); CSPs in gas chromatography (GC); and background electrolyte additives (BGE), chiral ligands and chiral selectors (CSs) in capillary electrophoresis (CE). This review focuses on the applications of CILs in HPLC and CE for the separation of enantiomers in the past five years. The mechanism for separating enantiomers was explained, and the prospect of the application of CILs in chiral liquid chromatography (LC) and CE analysis was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Mingli Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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8
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Ibrahim AE, El Gohary NA, Aboushady D, Samir L, Karim SEA, Herz M, Salman BI, Al-Harrasi A, Hanafi R, El Deeb S. Recent advances in chiral selectors immobilization and chiral mobile phase additives in liquid chromatographic enantio-separations: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464214. [PMID: 37506464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
For decades now, the separation of chiral enantiomers of drugs has been gaining the interest and attention of researchers. In 1991, the first guidelines for development of chiral drugs were firstly released by the US-FDA. Since then, the development in chromatographic enantioseparation tools has been fast and variable, aiming at creating a suitable environment where the physically and chemically identical enantiomers can be separated. Among those tools, the immobilization of chiral selectors (CS) on different stationary phases and the chiral mobile phase additives (CMPA) which have been progressed and studied extensively. This review article highlights the major advances in immobilization of CS together with their different recognition mechanisms as well as CMPA as a cheaper and successful alternative for chiral stationary phases. Moreover, the role of molecular modeling tool as a pre-step in the choice of CS for evaluating possible interactions with different ligands has been pointed up. Illustrations of reported methods and updates for immobilized CS and CMPA have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nesrine Abdelrehim El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboushady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Liza Samir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ekram Abdel Karim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Magy Herz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Baher I Salman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rasha Hanafi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38092, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Ma Z, Shang P, Liu D, Nie Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Wei B, Bai L, Qiao X. Preparation and chromatographic performance of chiral peptide-based stationary phases for enantiomeric separation. Chirality 2023; 35:636-644. [PMID: 36951148 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development of three new chiral stationary phases. They are based on silica modified with peptides containing phenylalanine and proline. Successful analyses and characterizations were conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectra, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. After this, the enantioselective performance of the three chiral peptide-based columns was evaluated. The evaluation used 11 racemic compounds under normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography mode. Optimized enantiomeric separation conditions were established. Under these conditions, the enantiomers of flurbiprofen and naproxen were successfully separated on CSP-1 column: the separation factor of these was 1.27 and 1.21, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility of the CSP-1 column was also investigated. The results of the investigation illustrated that the stationary phases have good reproducibility (RSD = 0.73%, n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Panpan Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Delu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Benben Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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10
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Zhao S, Miao P, Zhang J, Gan J, Du Y, Chen C, Sun X, Feng Z, Ma X, Ma M, Xi Y, Ding W. Polydopamine Coating Doped with Graphene Oxide Enhances Enantioseparation of Capillary Column. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:699-704. [PMID: 35397163 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
How to improve the enantiomer separation efficiency of drugs is a hot topic. In this paper, polydopamine (PDA) coating doped with graphene oxide (GO) by physical adsorption was used to modify the capillary column to enhance the enantioseparation efficiency of the drugs. In the capillary electrochromatography (CEC) system, the novel capillary column with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) as a chiral selector has completed the enantioseparation of four basic drugs (propranolol, metoprolol, amlodipine and chlorpheniramine). The optimum separation conditions were obtained by optimizing the pH of the buffer, the concentration of organic modifier, the concentration of the chiral selector and the voltage, and the resolution and peak shape were significantly improved compared with uncoated bare-fused column. The stability and reproducibility of the new capillary column were satisfactory and the relative standard deviation of intra-day and inter-day was <3.2%, and of column-to-column was <4.8%. The rich functional groups of GO are key factors to improve the enantioseparation efficiency, which also indicates that nanomaterials with easy modification of functional groups and large specific surface area are excellent resources for capillary modification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Panden Miao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Gan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Mingxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xi
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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Sofia Almeida A, Cardoso T, Cravo S, Elizabeth Tiritan M, Remião F, Fernandes C. Binding studies of synthetic cathinones to human serum albumin by high-performance affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1227:123836. [PMID: 37494753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The binding affinity to human serum albumin (HSA) of a series of fourteen synthetic cathinones, new psychoactive substances widely abused, was investigated by high-performance affinity chromatography (HPAC). Zonal elution experiments were conducted to measure the retention times of each synthetic cathinone on an HSA column, which enabled the calculation of the percentage of the drug bound. For some synthetic cathinones, enantioselectivity on HSA was found. To gather information on the HSA binding sites and better understand the chiral recognition mechanisms, enantioresolution of selected cathinones was carried out at a milligram scale through liquid chromatography (LC) with carbamate polysaccharide-based columns. This work was followed by zonal displacement chromatography using known competitors with specific binding sites on HSA, namely (S)-ibuprofen and warfarin. Competition was observed between the tested drugs and both competitors (except for pentedrone with warfarin), which is consistent with an allosteric competition involving a non-cooperative binding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tony Cardoso
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Cravo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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12
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Susanti, Riswoko A, Laksmono JA, Widiyarti G, Hermawan D. Surface modified nanoparticles and their applications for enantioselective detection, analysis, and separation of various chiral compounds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18070-18089. [PMID: 37323439 PMCID: PMC10267673 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02399k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient enantioselective detection, analysis, and separation relies significantly on molecular interaction. In the scale of molecular interaction, nanomaterials have a significant influence on the performance of enantioselective recognitions. The use of nanomaterials for enantioselective recognition involved synthesizing new materials and immobilization techniques to produce various surface-modified nanoparticles that are either encapsulated or attached to surfaces, as well as layers and coatings. The combination of surface-modified nanomaterials and chiral selectors can improve enantioselective recognition. This review aims to offer engagement insights into the production and application of surface-modified nanomaterials to achieve sensitive and selective detection, better chiral analysis, and separation of numerous chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanti
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Asep Riswoko
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Joddy Arya Laksmono
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Galuh Widiyarti
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 452 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Dadan Hermawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jenderal Soedirman University (UNSOED) Indonesia
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13
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Liu C, Quan K, Chen J, Shi X, Qiu H. Chiral metal-organic frameworks and their composites as stationary phases for liquid chromatography chiral separation: A minireview. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1700:464032. [PMID: 37148566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal organic frameworks (CMOFs) are a kind of crystal porous framework material that has attracted increasing attention due to the customizable combination of metal nodes and organic ligands. In particular, the highly ordered crystal structure and rich adjustable chiral structure make it a promising material for developing new chiral separation material systems. In this review, the progress of CMOFs and their different types of composites used as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in liquid chromatography for enantioseparation are discussed. The characteristics of CMOFs and their composites are summarized, aiming to provide new ideas for the development of CMOFs with better performance and further promote the application of CMOFs materials in enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Institute of Materia Medica, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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14
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Kraszni M, Ágh F, Horváth D, Mirzahosseini A, Horváth P. Effect of Substitution Degree and Homogeneity on Cyclodextrin-Ligand Complex Stability: Comparison of Fenbufen and Fenoprofen Using CD and NMR Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087544. [PMID: 37108706 PMCID: PMC10139022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The stability of host-guest complexes of two NSAID drugs with similar physicochemical properties, fenbufen and fenoprofen, was investigated by comparing induced circular dichroism and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance methods using eight cyclodextrins of different degrees of substitution and isomeric purity as guest compounds. These cyclodextrins include native β-cyclodextrin (BCyD), 2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin 50 (DIMEB50), 80 (DIMEB80) and 95% (DIMEB95) isomerically pure versions, low-methylated CRYSMEB, randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RAMEB) and 4.5 and 6.3 average substitution grade hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCyD). The stability constants obtained by the two methods show good agreement in most cases. For fenbufen complexes, there is a clear trend that the stability constant increases with the degree of substitution while isomer purity has a smaller effect on the magnitude of stability constants. A significant difference was found in the case of DIMEB50 when compared to DIMEB80/DIMEB95, while the latter two are similar. In the fenbufen-fenoprofen comparison, fenbufen, with its linear axis, gives a more stable complex, while fenoprofen shows lower constants and poorly defined trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márta Kraszni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Ágh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Horváth
- ELKH-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arash Mirzahosseini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 9, 1092 Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Gao L, Wang Y, Qin Y, Sun Y, He L, Zhang S, Zhao W. Preparation and characterization of glucose-based covalent organic polymer coated silica as stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463876. [PMID: 36857980 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate is a renewable, sustainable, hydrophilic, and biodegradable natural product, which is widely used in the field of adsorption. In this study, a glucose-based covalent organic polymer (COP) coated silica was fabricated by facile solvent knitting reaction between tetrabenzylglucose and silica-phenyl with anhydrous aluminum trichloride as catalyst, forming a core-shell stationary phase (donated as SiO2@COPBn-glu) for high performance liquid chromatography. The prepared SiO2@COPBn-glu was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption experiments. Owing to the coexistence of benzene units and alkyl, hydroxyl and ether groups in the skeleton of COPBn-glu shell, the developed chromatographic packing exhibited reversed-phase/hydrophilic interaction mixed-mode with multiple retention mechanisms, such as hydrophobic, π-π, hydrogen bonding, and electron donor-acceptor interactions. The results revealed that the SiO2@COPBn-glu column demonstrated excellent selectivity and retention behavior for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds with good repeatability and stability. Meanwhile, the chromatographic performance of the prepared SiO2@COPBn-glu column was compared with a C18 column to assess the role of the coating COPBn-glu shell. Therefore, the development of the SiO2@COPBn-glu stationary phase expands the potential application of COPs in separation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Qin
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for modern analysis and gene sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Chao H, Qiu L, Zhou X, Cui P, Wang C, Hu H, Jiang P, Shi H, Xuan Y, Wang J. Separation of ofloxacin enantiomers by CE with fluorescence detection using DNA oligonucleotides as chiral selectors. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2699-2707. [PMID: 35544319 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study used CE with fluorescence detection- and partial-filling mode-based method for chiral separation of ofloxacin. The DNA oligonucleotides with different base sequences were studied as potential chiral selectors including DNA tetrahedron, G-quadruplex, and G-riched double-strand DNA. Under the optimized conditions, all the DNA chiral selectors exhibited excellent chiral separation capabilities with a resolution higher than 1.5. The electrophoretic behavior of the ofloxacin enantiomer might result from the intermediate conjugate with different stabilities between chiral selectors and analytes by a combination of the hydrogen bond and spatial recognition structure. Moreover, satisfactory repeatability regarding run-to-run and interday repeatability was obtained, and all the RSD values of migration times and resolutions were below 4% (n = 6). Conclusively, both spatial structure and arrangement of the G bases potentiated the chiral separation capability of DNA for ofloxacin enantiomer. This work offered a stepping stone for enantioseparation using DNA as chiral selectors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufei Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Xinpei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Huaanzi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Pengju Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Honglei Shi
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China.,The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xuan
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116600, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
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17
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Yamagishi A, Yamamoto S, Takimoto K, Tamura K, Kamon M, Sato F, Sato H. Clay Column Chromatography for Optical Resolution: A Series of Derivatized Amino Acids. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Yamagishi
- Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
- National Institute of Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Takimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- National Institute of Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masumi Kamon
- National Institute of Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Fumi Sato
- Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Hisako Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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18
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Pu J, Wang H, Huang C, Bo C, Gong B, Ou J. Progress of molecular imprinting technique for enantioseparation of chiral drugs in recent ten years. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1668:462914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Saleh B, Ding T, Wang Y, Zheng X, Liu R, He L. Analytical Separation of Closantel Enantiomers by HPLC. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237288. [PMID: 34885866 PMCID: PMC8659055 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Closantel is an antiparasitic drug marketed in a racemic form with one chiral center. It is meaningful to develop a method for separating and analyzing the closantel enantiomers. In this work, two enantiomeric separation methods of closantel were explored by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The influences of the chiral stationary phase (CSP) structure, the mobile phase composition, the nature and proportion of different mobile phase modifiers (alcohols and acids), and the column temperature on the enantiomeric separation of closantel were investigated in detail. The two enantiomers were successfully separated on the novel CSP of isopropyl derivatives of cyclofructan 6 and n-hexane-isopropanol-trifluoroacetic acid (97:3:0.1, v/v/v) as a mobile phase with a resolution (Rs) of about 2.48. The enantiomers were also well separated on the CSP of tris-carbamates of amylose with a higher Rs (about 3.79) when a mixture of n-hexane-isopropanol-trifluoroacetic acid (55:45:0.1, v/v/v) was used as mobile phase. Thus, the proposed separation methods can facilitate molecular pharmacological and biological research on closantel and its enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Saleh
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
- Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, General Organization of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Port Said 42511, Egypt
| | - Tongyan Ding
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Xiantong Zheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Rong Liu
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Limin He
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85280237; Fax: +86-20-85284896
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20
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Estrada-Valenzuela D, Ramos-Sánchez VH, Zaragoza-Galán G, Espinoza-Hicks JC, Bugarin A, Chávez-Flores D. Lipase Assisted ( S)-Ketoprofen Resolution from Commercially Available Racemic Mixture. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14100996. [PMID: 34681221 PMCID: PMC8541352 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketoprofen is a commercially available drug sold as a racemic mixture that belongs to the family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs known as profens. It has been demonstrated (in vitro) that (S)-ketoprofen is around 160 times more potent than its enantiomer (R)-ketoprofen, while accumulation of (R)-ketoprofen can cause serious side effects, such as dyspepsia, gastrointestinal ulceration/bleeding, pain, salt and fluid retention, and hypertension. In this work, four commercially available lipases were systematically assessed. Parameters such as conversion, enantiomeric excess, and enantioselectivity were considered. Among them, and by evaluating lipase load, temperature, solvent, and alcohol, Candida rugosa lipase exhibited the best results in terms of enantioselectivity E = 185 ((S)-enantiopreference) with esterification conversions of c = 47% (out of 50%) and enantiomeric excess of 99%. The unreacted (R)-enantiomer was recovered by liquid-liquid extraction and racemized under basic media, which was recycled as starting material. Finally, the (S)-alkyl ketoprofen ester was successfully enzymatically hydrolyzed to the desired (S)-ketoprofen with c = 98.5% and 99% ee. This work demonstrated the benefit and efficiency of using Candida rugosa lipase to kinetically resolve racemic ketoprofen by an environmentally friendly protocol and with the recycling of the undesired (R)-ketoprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Estrada-Valenzuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; (D.E.-V.); (V.H.R.-S.); (G.Z.-G.); (J.C.E.-H.)
| | - Víctor H. Ramos-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; (D.E.-V.); (V.H.R.-S.); (G.Z.-G.); (J.C.E.-H.)
| | - Gerardo Zaragoza-Galán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; (D.E.-V.); (V.H.R.-S.); (G.Z.-G.); (J.C.E.-H.)
| | - Jose C. Espinoza-Hicks
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; (D.E.-V.); (V.H.R.-S.); (G.Z.-G.); (J.C.E.-H.)
| | - Alejandro Bugarin
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (D.C.-F.)
| | - David Chávez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; (D.E.-V.); (V.H.R.-S.); (G.Z.-G.); (J.C.E.-H.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (D.C.-F.)
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