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Avellaneda LL, Johnson DT, Gutierrez R, Thompson L, Sage KA, Sturm SA, Houston RM, LaRue BL. Development of a novel five-dye panel for human identification insertion/deletion (INDEL) polymorphisms. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:814-824. [PMID: 38291825 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
DNA analysis of forensic case samples relies on short tandem repeats (STRs), a key component of the combined DNA index system (CODIS) used to identify individuals. However, limitations arise when dealing with challenging samples, prompting the exploration of alternative markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion/deletion (INDELs) polymorphisms. Unlike SNPs, INDELs can be differentiated easily by size, making them compatible with electrophoresis methods. It is possible to design small INDEL amplicons (<200 bp) to enhance recovery from degraded samples. To this end, a set of INDEL Human Identification Markers (HID) was curated from the 1000 Genomes Project, employing criteria including a fixation index (FST) ≤ 0.06, minor allele frequency (MAF) >0.2, and high allele frequency divergence. A panel of 33 INDEL-HIDs was optimized and validated following the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) guidelines, utilizing a five-dye multiplex electrophoresis system. A small sample set (n = 79 unrelated individuals) was genotyped to assess the assay's performance. The validation studies exhibited reproducibility, inhibition tolerance, ability to detect a two-person mixture from a 4:1 to 1:6 ratio, robustness with challenging samples, and sensitivity down to 125 pg of DNA. In summary, the 33-loci INDEL-HID panel exhibited robust recovery with low-template and degraded samples and proved effective for individualization within a small sample set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio L Avellaneda
- Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
| | - Damani T Johnson
- Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan Gutierrez
- Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
| | - Lindsey Thompson
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly A Sage
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah A Sturm
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel M Houston
- Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
| | - Bobby L LaRue
- Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
- Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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Szabo R, Nagy C, Gaspar A. Direct Injection Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) Analysis of Proteins with High Matrix Content:Utilizing Taylor-Aris Dispersion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318225. [PMID: 38294363 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
This is the first work demonstrating the utility of the Taylor-Aris (TA) dispersion in avoiding serious interference issues commonly occurring in the electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) determination of therapeutic protein pharmaceuticals undergoing no pre-separation or sample purification. It was also pointed out that the TA dispersion conditions and its analytical utilization for proteomics can be easily accomplished in a commercial CE-MS instrument. In the proposed Taylor-Aris dispersion-assisted mass spectrometry (TADA-MS) analysis 0.5 μL sample is injected into a 65 cm long 50 μm i.d. capillary and pumped with 1 bar toward the MS. The procedure is efficient for the direct injection analysis of components having low diffusion coefficients (proteins) that are present in complex matrices of small organic and inorganic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Szabo
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Cynthia Nagy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Attila Gaspar
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
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Erdmann L, Santos PI, Rieper P, Klafki HW, Beutner D, Wiltfang J, Outeiro TF, Setz C. Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Immunoblot for the Detection of Alpha-Synuclein in Mouse Tissue. J Parkinsons Dis 2024:JPD230379. [PMID: 38578903 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a key player in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies, or multiple system atrophy. aSyn is expressed throughout the brain, and can also be detected in various peripheral tissues. In fact, initial symptoms of PD are non-motoric and include autonomic dysfunction, suggesting that the periphery might play an important role in early development of the disease. aSyn is expressed at relatively low levels in non-central tissues, which brings challenges for its detection and quantification in different tissues. Objective Our goal was to assess the sensitivity of aSyn detection in central and peripheral mouse tissues through capillary electrophoresis (CE) immunoblot, considering the traditional SDS-PAGE immunoblot as the current standard. Methods Tissues from central and non-central origin from wild type mice were extracted, and included midbrain, inner ear, and esophagus/stomach. aSyn detection was assessed through immunoblotting using Simple Western size-based CE and SDS-PAGE. Results CE immunoblots show a consistent detection of aSyn in central and peripheral tissues. Through SDS-PAGE, immunoblots revealed a reliable signal corresponding to aSyn, particularly following membrane fixation. Conclusion Our results suggest a reliable detection of aSyn in central and peripheral tissues using the CE Simple Western immunoblot system. These observations can serve as preliminary datasets when aiming to formally compare CE with SDS-PAGE, as well as for further characterization of aSyn using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Erdmann
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrícia I Santos
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Petra Rieper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans W Klafki
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Beutner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Inner Ear Lab, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cristian Setz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Inner Ear Lab, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Göttingen, Germany
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Niaei N, Hassanpour S, Petr J. Chiral resolution of cationic piperazine derivatives by capillary electrophoresis using sulfated β-cyclodextrin. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38576224 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This research focuses on the development and validation of a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the chiral separation of three H1-antihistamine drugs chlorcyclizine, norchlorcyclizine, and neobenodine using sulfated β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD) as the chiral selector. The study explores various factors influencing the separation efficiency, including CD concentration, organic modifier content, voltage application, and buffer pH. Optimal conditions were identified as a 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) with 34 mg mL-1 S-β-CD and 40% (v/v) methanol. The method demonstrated excellent linearity in calibration curves, with coefficients of determination exceeding 0.99 for each enantiomer. Precision studies revealed good intra- and inter-day precision for migration times and peak areas. The limits of detection and quantification for the analytes were within the ranges of 5.9-11.4 and 18-34.6 µmol L-1, respectively. Overall, the developed CE method offers a robust and precise approach for the chiral separation of H1-antihistamine drugs, holding promise for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Niaei
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Petr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Long W, You M, Li J, Wang Y, Wang D, Tao X, Rao L, Xia Z, Fu Q. Sulfonic Functionalized Polydopamine Coatings with pH-Independent Surface Charge for Optimizing Capillary Electrophoretic Separations. Molecules 2024; 29:1600. [PMID: 38611879 PMCID: PMC11013714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the pH-independence and controlling the magnitude of electroosmotic flow (EOF) are critical for highly efficient and reproducible capillary electrophoresis (CE) separations. Herein, we present a novel capillary modification method utilizing sulfonated periodate-induced polydopamine (SPD) coating to achieve pH-independent and highly reproducible cathodic EOF in CE. The SPD-coated capillaries were obtained through post-sulfonation treatment of periodate-induced PDA (PDA-SP) coatings adhered on the capillary inner surface. The successful immobilization of the SPD coating and the substantial grafting of sulfonic acid groups were confirmed by a series of characterization techniques. The excellent capability of PDA-SP@capillary in masking silanol groups and maintaining a highly robust EOF mobility was verified. Additionally, the parameters of sulfonation affecting the EOF mobilities were thoroughly examined. The obtained optimum SPD-coated column offered the anticipated highly pH-independent and high-strength cathodic EOF, which is essential for enhancing the CE separation performance and improving analysis efficiency. Consequently, the developed SPD-coated capillaries enabled successful high-efficiency separation of aromatic acids and nucleosides and rapid cyclodextrin-based chiral analysis of racemic drugs. Moreover, the SPD-coated columns exhibited a long lifetime and demonstrated good intra-day, inter-day, and column-to-column repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mingyue You
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jieli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xueping Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Li Rao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Fan Y, Yu R, Waterhouse GIN, Wang R, Sun Y, Xu Z. Development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on magnetic solid-phase extraction for simultaneous and sensitive detection of eight biogenic amines in foods. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3256-3264. [PMID: 38087413 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biogenic amines (BAs) in high concentrations are toxic and may cause a series of health symptoms. A sensitive measurement of BA levels is essential for human health. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has emerged for the separation of eight BAs due to simple sample preparation and highly efficient separation. However, an important drawback for CE is low sensitivity. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) has become a technique of interest owing to its brief operation and low solvent consumption. Hence, MSPE as a pretreatment has great potential to improve CE sensitivity for the analysis of BAs in complex food. RESULTS Results showed that the Pt-Co-MWCNTs-COOH possessed strong magnetism, good reusability, and high adsorptive ability toward eight biogenic amines based on the hydrogen bonding between the -COOH of Pt-Co-MWCNTs-COOH and -NH2 groups of BAs. Using it as an adsorbent, a magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis (MSPE-CE) method was developed to effectively extract and sensitively analyze eight BAs. Under optimal conditions, the MSPE-CE method has wide linearities (10.0-1000.0 μg L-1 ) and low limits of detection (1.0-6.1 μg L-1 ). The accuracy of the developed method yielded recovery values from 82.07% to 102.58%. Meanwhile, the BAs contents in two samples were analyzed using the MSPE-CE method, with the results consistent with those detected by a high-performance liquid chromatography method. CONCLUSION Given those advantages, the established MSPE-CE method promises the practical guidance of monitoring a variety of BAs and provides a foundation for the detection of other food hazards. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Healthy in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P. R. China
| | - Runze Yu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Healthy in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P. R. China
| | | | - Ruiqiang Wang
- Shandong Cayon Testing Co., Ltd, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Healthy in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Healthy in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P. R. China
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Štěpánová S, Andris E, Gutten O, Buděšínský M, Dejmek M, Břehová P, Rulíšek L, Kašička V. Acidity constants and protonation sites of cyclic dinucleotides determined by capillary electrophoresis, quantum chemical calculations, and NMR spectroscopy. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:687-705. [PMID: 38059733 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are important second messengers in bacteria and eukaryotes. Detailed characterization of their physicochemical properties is a prerequisite for understanding their biological functions. Herein, we examine acid-base and electromigration properties of selected CDNs employing capillary electrophoresis (CE), density functional theory (DFT), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to provide benchmark pKa values, as well as to unambiguously determine the protonation sites. Acidity constants (pKa) of the NH+ moieties of adenine and guanine bases and actual and limiting ionic mobilities of CDNs were determined by nonlinear regression analysis of the pH dependence of their effective electrophoretic mobilities measured by CE in aqueous background electrolytes in a wide pH range (0.98-11.48), at constant temperature (25°C), and constant ionic strength (25 mM). The thermodynamic pKa values were found to be in the range 3.31-4.56 for adenine and 2.28-3.61 for guanine bases, whereas the pKa of enol group of guanine base was in the range 10.21-10.40. Except for systematic shifts of ∼2 pKa, the pKa values calculated by the DFT-D3//COSMO-RS composite protocol that included large-scale conformational sampling and "cross-morphing" were in a relatively good agreement with the pKas determined by CE and predict N1 atom of adenine and N7 atom of guanine as the protonation sites. The protonation of the N1 atom of adenine and N7 atom of guanine in acidic background electrolytes (BGEs) and the dissociation of the enol group of guanine in alkaline BGEs was confirmed also by NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Andris
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Gutten
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Dejmek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Břehová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Schairer J, Plathe F, Hudelmaier S, Belau E, Pengelley S, Kruse L, Neusüß C. Ion mobility in gas and liquid phases: How much orthogonality is obtained in capillary electrophoresis-ion mobility-mass spectrometry? Electrophoresis 2024; 45:735-742. [PMID: 38085142 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) is an ever-evolving tool to separate ions in the gas phase according to electrophoretic mobility with subsequent mass determination. CE is rarely coupled to IM-MS, possibly due to similar separation mechanisms based on electrophoretic mobility. Here, we investigate the orthogonality of CE and ion mobility (IM) by analyzing a complex peptide mixture (tryptic digest of HeLa proteins) with trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry (TIMS-MS). Using the nanoCEasy interface, excellent sensitivity was achieved by identifying thousands of peptides and achieving a peak capacity of 7500 (CE: 203-323 in a 150 cm long capillary, IM: 27-31). Plotting CE versus mass and CE versus (inverse) mobility, a clear grouping in curved striped patterns is observed according to the charge-to-size and mass-to-charge ratios. The peptide charge in the acidic background electrolyte can be estimated from the number of basic amino acids, with a few exceptions where neighboring effects reduce the positive charge. A surprisingly high orthogonality of CE and IM is observed, which is obviously caused by solvation effects leading to different charges and sizes in the liquid phase compared to the gas phase. A high orthogonality of CE and ion mobility is expected to be observed for other peptide samples as well as other substance classes, making CE-IM-MS a promising tool for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Schairer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Aalen, Germany
- Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Lena Kruse
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Aalen, Germany
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Chenyakin Y, Chen DDY. Numerical modeling and experimental optimization of Taylor dispersion analysis with and without an electric field. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38506142 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Numerical modeling of Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics to facilitate better and faster optimization of the experimental conditions. Parameters, such as pressure, electric field, diameter, and length of capillary on the TDA conditions, were examined for particles with hydrodynamic radius (Rh ) of 2.5-250 Å. The simulations were conducted using 25, 50, and 100 cm length tubes with diameters of 25, 50, and 100 µm. It was shown that particles with larger diffusion coefficients gave more accurate results at higher velocities, and in longer and wider columns; particles with smaller diffusion coefficients gave more accurate results at smaller velocities, and in shorter and thinner columns. Moreover, the effect of electric field on the validity and the applicability of TDA was studied using TDA in conjunction with capillary electrophoresis. Diffusion coefficients were obtained using a pressure and the TDA equation and compared with those obtained with a pressure in combination of an electric field for fluorescein, FD4, FD20, FD70, and FD500. We found that TDA can be used with the presence of moderate electrophoretic migration and electroosmotic flow, when appropriate conditions were met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Chenyakin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Alavi S, Mohammadimoghaddam S, Najmabadi H, Maghsoudlou S. The First Iranian Case of Unstable Hemoglobin Santa Ana. Hemoglobin 2024:1-4. [PMID: 38500334 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2024.2330554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In this report, we describe a 6-year-old girl with a medical history of pallor, mild icterus, anemia, blood transfusion and abnormal hemoglobin variant analysis on capillary electrophoresis. She was referred for further analysis. DNA sequencing of the proband revealed a de novo mutation in Codon 88 (CTG > CCG) of the β-globin gene (HBB: c.266T > C) in a heterozygous state compatible with hemoglobin Santa Ana, an unstable hemoglobin. This is the first case of Hb Santa Ana from Iran associated with moderate to severe anemia who underwent splenectomy with clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Alavi
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soha Mohammadimoghaddam
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Department of Genetics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Maghsoudlou
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Stellwagen E, Stellwagen NC. Flanking AT base pairs affect the localization of monovalent cations in DNA A-tracts. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:528-536. [PMID: 38087830 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis has been used to measure the free solution mobilities of a series of 26-base pair (bp) DNA oligomers containing two phased A4T1in-tracts embedded in flanking sequences containing 0 to 11 additional AT bps. A random-sequence 26-bp oligomer with 12 isolated AT bps was used as the reference. Mobility ratios (A-tract/reference) were measured in background electrolytes (BGEs) containing mixtures of small monovalent cations and tetrabutylammonium (TBA+ ) or tetrapropylammonium (TPA+ ) ions. The mobility ratios observed in 0.3 M TBA+ were >1.00, suggesting that the TBA+ ions had formed electrostatic contact pairs with the AT bp in the reference and in the A-tract flanking sequences, decreasing the mobilities of both oligomers. The TBA-AT pairing interactions could be eliminated by increasing the concentration of small monovalent cations in the BGE. In 0.3 M TPA+ , electrostatic contact pairs were formed with the AT bps in the flanking sequences and in the A-tracts. Interestingly, the shapes of the mobility ratio profiles observed for the A4T1in-tract oligomers depended on the total number of A + T residues in the oligomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earle Stellwagen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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12
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Yao Y, Ji Q, Li Z, Zhou Z, Qian J, Ji L, Sun K, Xie J. Development of a 39 MM-InDel multiplex assay for the forensic application. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:505-516. [PMID: 38037287 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels) are a category of highly prevalent markers in the human genome, characterized by their distinctive attributes, including short amplicon sizes and low mutation rates, which have shown great potential in forensic applications. Multi-allelic InDel and multi-InDel markers, collectively abbreviated as MM-InDels, were developed to enhance polymorphism by the introduction of novel alleles. Nevertheless, the relatively low mutation rates of InDels, coupled with the founder effect, result in distinct allele frequency distributions among populations. The divergent characteristics of InDels in different populations also pose challenges to the establishment of universally efficient InDel multiplex assays. To enhance the system efficiency of the InDel assay and its applicability across diverse populations, 39 MM-InDels with high polymorphism in five different ancestry superpopulations were selected from the 1000 Genomes Project dataset and combined with an amelogenin gender marker to construct a multiplex assay (named MMIDplex). The combined power of discrimination and the cumulative probability of exclusion of 39 MM-InDels were 1 - 1.3 × 10-23 and 1 - 9.83 × 10-6 in the Chinese Han population, and larger than 1-10-19 and 1-10-4 in the reference populations, relatively. These results demonstrate that the MMIDplex assay has the potential to obtain sufficient power for individual identification and paternity test in global populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Yao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Ji
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhihan Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jinglei Qian
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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13
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Gordon O, Gibbons J, Lamp J, Lantz AW. Sorting and simultaneous quantitation of intact mixed-cell samples via capillary isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:537-547. [PMID: 37946590 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A great need currently exists for rapid, inexpensive, and accurate methods for microbial analysis in the medical, food, industrial, and water quality fields. Here, a novel capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) method is presented for the focusing, sorting, and quantitation of intact cells in mixed samples based on their electrophoretic mobility ranges. Using a series of ion spacers dissolved in the sample, this technique results in several efficient cell peaks in the electropherogram corresponding to specific cell electrophoretic mobility ranges. The concentrations of different species in mixed-cell samples are determined from the cell peak areas and the known peak response factors for the cell species using a series of linear equations. Method design and optimization are discussed, including the choice of running buffer, pH, and ion spacers. Mixed-cell samples of up to four different species were focused and quantified as a proof-of-principle of the method. When sample cell concentrations were toward the middle of the linear response range, accuracies between 1% and 11% and relative standard deviations of 1%-14% were obtained, depending on the number of cell species in the mixture. This work provides a useful basis for future studies of cell quantitation using CITP, which could be potentially applied to a variety of fields including cell growth studies, microbial contamination testing, and sterility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
| | - Joshua Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
| | - Jared Lamp
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew W Lantz
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
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14
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Elbashir AA, Osman A, Elawad M, Ziyada AK, Aboul-Enein HY. Application of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively contactless conductivity detection for biomedical analysis. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:400-410. [PMID: 38100198 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The coupling of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4 D) has become convenient analytical method for determination of small molecules that do not possess chromogenic or fluorogenic group. The implementations of CE with C4 D in the determination of inorganic and organic ions and amino acids in biomedical field are demonstrated. Attention on background electrolyte composition, sample treatment procedures, and the utilize of multi-detection systems are described. A number of tables summarizing highly developed CE-C4 D methods and the figures of merit attained are involved. Lastly, concluding remarks and perspectives are argued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla A Elbashir
- Department, of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abdelbagi Osman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elawad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Abobakr K Ziyada
- Department of General Studies, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Gouyon J, Clavié M, Raquel GC, Ngo G, Dumy P, Etienne P, Martineau P, Pugnière M, Ahmad M, Subra G, Perrin C, Ladner Y. A bioinspired approach for the modulation of electroosmotic flow and protein-surface interactions in capillary electrophoresis using silylated amino-amides blocks and covalent grafting. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:557-572. [PMID: 38161236 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We explore a bioinspired approach to design tailored functionalized capillary electrophoresis (CE) surfaces based on covalent grafting for biomolecules analysis. First, the approach aims to overcome well-known common obstacles in CE protein analysis affecting considerably the CE performance (asymmetry, resolution, and repeatability) such as the unspecific adsorption on fused silica surface and the lack of control of electroosmotic flow (EOF). Then, our approach, which relies on new amino-amide mimic hybrid precursors synthesized by silylation of amino-amides (Si-AA) derivatives with 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, aims to recapitulate the diversity of protein-protein interactions (π-π stacking, ionic, Van der Waals…) found in physiological condition (bioinspired approach) to improve the performance of CE protein analysis (electrochromatography). As a proof of concept, these silylated Si-AA (tyrosinamide silylation, serinamide silylation, argininamide silylation, leucinamide silylation, and isoglutamine silylation acid) have been covalently grafted in physiological conditions in different amount on bare fused silica capillary giving rise to a biomimetic coating and allowing both the modulation of EOF and protein-surface interactions. The analytical performances of amino-amide functionalized capillaries were assessed using lysozyme, cytochrome C and ribonuclease A and compared to traditional capillary coatings poly(ethylene oxide), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), and sodium poly(styrenesulfonate). EOF, protein adsorption rate, protein retention factor k, and selectivity were determined for each coating. All results obtained showed this approach allowed to modulate the EOF, reduce unspecific adsorption, and generate specific interactions with proteins by varying the nature and the amount of Si-AA in the functionalization mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Gouyon
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Margaux Clavié
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Giang Ngo
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Dumy
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Etienne
- l2C, CNRS UMR 5221, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Martineau
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Pugnière
- IRCM, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mehdi Ahmad
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Subra
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Perrin
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yoann Ladner
- IBMM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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16
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Chen L, Li X. Simultaneous identification and enantioseparation of ofloxacin and duloxetine without the single standard and computational calculation of their inclusion complexes. Chirality 2024; 36:e23661. [PMID: 38454837 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Given the markedly different pharmacological activities between enantiomeric isomers, it is crucial to encourage the stereoselective determination of chiral drugs in the biological and pharmaceutical fields, and the combination of drugs makes this analysis more complicated and challenging. Herein, a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the enantioseparation of ofloxacin and duloxetine was established, enabling the simultaneous identification of four isomers in nonracemic mixtures with enantiomeric excess (ee%) values exceeding 5%. This was achieved through the integration of theoretical simulation and electron circular dichroism (ECD), all without reliance on individual standards. Molecular modeling explained and verified the migration time differences of these isomers in electrophoretic separation. Moreover, the correlation coefficients (R2 ) between the enantiomeric peak area differentials and ee% were both above 0.99. Recovery rates were quantified using bovine serum as the matrix, with results ranging from 93.32% to 101.03% (RSD = 0.030) and 92.69% to 100.52% (RSD = 0.028) for these two chiral drugs at an ee value of 23.1%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou, China
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17
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Dierig L, Kunz SN, Wiegand P. Comparison of massively parallel sequencing to capillary electrophoresis for short tandem repeat genotyping of trace DNA. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:451-462. [PMID: 38085164 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In forensic genetics, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) offers several advantages over the current golden standard, capillary electrophoresis (CE): additional sequence information, shorter amplicon lengths, and the simultaneous analysis of many markers. These benefits result in a reduced number of reactions necessary while improving the amount of data obtained, thereby conserving valuable sample extracts. This proves particularly advantageous for the analysis of trace DNA. This study assessed the suitability of MPS for short tandem repeat (STR) typing of low template samples compared with results obtained through CE. The MPS genotypes showed higher concordance to reference genotypes, with donor alleles being more frequently assigned to be the major contributor, meeting the requirements for database entry. However, the MPS workflow is more time-consuming and associated with higher costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dierig
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Peter Wiegand
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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18
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Ivanov AV, Popov MA, Aleksandrin V, Pudova PA, Galdobina MP, Metelkin AA, Kruglova MP, Maslennikov RA, Silina EV, Stupin VA, Kubatiev AA. Simultaneous determination of cystine and other free aminothiols in blood plasma using capillary electrophoresis with pH-mediated stacking. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:411-419. [PMID: 38084469 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
We developed a method of sensitive capillary electrophoresis using UV detection for the determination of certain free aminothiols (reduced cysteinylglycine (rCysGly), cysteine (rCys), glutathione (rGln), and cystine (CysS) in human blood plasma. The reduced thiols were derivatized with N-ethylmaleimide. The plasma was purified from proteins via ultrafiltration. Electrophoretic separation was performed using 115 mM Na phosphate with 7.5% (v/v) polyethylene glycol 600, pH 2.3. The in-capillary concentration of the analytes was achieved with a pH gradient created via the preinjection of triethanolamine and postinjection of phosphoric acid. The separation was carried out using a silica capillary (50 µm i.d.; total/effective separation length 42/35 cm) at a 25 kV voltage. The total analysis/regeneration time was 18 min. The quantification limits varied from 1.3 µM (rCysGly) to 5.4 µM (CysS). The accuracy was 95%-99%, and the repeatability and reproducibility were approximately 1.8%-3.8% and 1.9%-5.0%, respectively. An analysis of plasma samples from healthy volunteers (N = 41) showed that the mean levels of rCysGly, rCys, rGln, and CysS were 1.64, 10.6, 2.58, and 46.2 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vladimirovich Ivanov
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
| | | | - ValeryVasil'evich Aleksandrin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Alexandrovna Pudova
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Pavlovna Galdobina
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady Andreevich Metelkin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Petrovna Kruglova
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Vladimirovna Silina
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Aslan Amirkhanovich Kubatiev
- Department of Molecular and Cell Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology', Moscow, Russia
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19
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Satthakarn S, Panyasai K, Phasit A, Panyasai S. Reliability of hemoglobin A 2 value as measured by the Premier Resolution system for screening of β-thalassemia carriers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:453-463. [PMID: 37845805 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate quantification of hemoglobin (Hb) A2 is vital for diagnosing β-thalassemia carriers. This study aimed to assess the precision and diagnostic utility of HbA2 measurements using the new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, Premier Resolution, in comparison to capillary electrophoresis (CE). METHODS We analyzed 418 samples, previously identified as A2A by CE, using Premier Resolution-HPLC. We compared the results, established correlations, and determined an optimal HbA2 cutoff value for β-thalassemia screening. Additionally, we prospectively evaluated the chosen cutoff value in 632 samples. Mutations in the β- and α-globin genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques and DNA sequencing. RESULTS HbA2 levels were consistently higher with Premier Resolution, yet there was a significant correlation with CE in all samples (bias, -0.33; r, 0.991), β-thalassemia (bias, -0.27; r, 0.927), and non-β-thalassemia carriers (bias, -0.36; r, 0.928). An HbA2 cutoff value of ≥4.0 % for β-thalassemia screening achieved 100 % sensitivity and 99.6 % specificity. Further validation yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 97.3 , 99.8, 97.3, 99.8, and 99.7 %, respectively. We also identified a rare β-Hb variant, Hb La Desirade [HBB:c.389C>T], associated with β-thalassemia and co-inherited with a single α-globin gene. CONCLUSIONS The Premier Resolution HPLC is a reliable and accurate method for routine β-thalassemia carrier screening, aligning with existing CE methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surada Satthakarn
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Kesorn Panyasai
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Lampang Hospital, Lampang, Thailand
| | - Amphai Phasit
- Department of Medical Technology, Lampang Hospital, Lampang, Thailand
| | - Sitthichai Panyasai
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Muang Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
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20
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Abrams AS, Eden A, Coy BC, Huber DE, Pennathur S. Electrokinetic transport of CTAB induces multiphasic behavior during capillary adsorption and desorption. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38342679 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Cationic surfactant coatings (e.g., CTAB) are commonly used in CE to control EOF and thereby improve separation efficiencies. However, our understanding of surfactant adsorption and desorption dynamics under EOF conditions is limited. Here, we apply automated zeta potential analysis to study the adsorption and desorption kinetics of CTAB in a capillary under different transport conditions: diameter, length, voltage alternation pattern and frequency, and applied pressure. In contrast to other studies, we observe slower kinetics at distinct capillary wall zeta potential ranges. Within these ranges, which we call "stagnant regimes," the EOF mobility significantly counteracts the electrophoretic (EP) mobility of CTA+ and hinders the net transport. By constructing a numerical model to compare with our experiments and recasting our experimental data in terms of the net CTA+ transport volume normalized by surface area, we reveal that the EP mobility of CTA+ and the capillary surface-area-to-volume ratio dictate the zeta potential range and the duration of the stagnant regime and thereby govern the overall reaction kinetics. Our results indicate that further transport-oriented studies can significantly aid in the understanding and design of electrokinetic systems utilizing CTAB and other charged surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin S Abrams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Alexander Eden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Bennett C Coy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - David E Huber
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Sumita Pennathur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
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21
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Manzi SJ, Ranzuglia GA, Centres PM, Pereyra VD. Relevance of the calculation of the diffusion coefficient in a capillary electrophoresis experiment. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:300-309. [PMID: 37946567 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of the diffusion coefficient in the movement of analytes that can reversibly react with a selector given a product in the presence of drift. The problem mimics the movement of enantiomers in a capillary electrophoresis experiment. As is well known, the signal in the capillary must be sharp enough to make a good determination of the effective mobility of the analytes being analyzed. The essence of the technique is based on fast interconversion rates. Therefore, the effective diffusion coefficient must be negligible during the experiment. In the present work, an exact expression for both the apparent mobility and the diffusion coefficient is obtained. This is done by writing the rate equations governing the process and solving them using the generating function technique. The effective mobility coincides with the Wren and Rowe equation, whereas the diffusion coefficient allows us to determine the values of the parameters to be taken into account so that this quantity is minimal or close to zero. On the other hand, the numerical solution of the kinetic equations and Monte Carlo simulations allow us to follow the signal in the capillary and to determine its space-time evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Manzi
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Ranzuglia
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Paulo M Centres
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Víctor D Pereyra
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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22
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Avigo L, Furman C, Ghinet A, Sandu T, Wynendaele E, Wielgomas B, De Spiegeleer B, Lipka E. Evaluation of greenness and analytical performances of separative methods for chiral separation of novel lactam-based P2RX7-antagonists. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:218-233. [PMID: 37794622 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a preparative supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method was first developed to separate a series of chiral compounds evaluated as lactam-based P2RX7 antagonists. Subsequently, high-performance liquid chromatography, SFC, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) were comparatively investigated as QC tools to determine the enantiomeric purity of the separated isomers, including analytical performance and greenness. The screening of the best conditions was carried out in liquid and SFC on the nine derivatives and the amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase was found to be highly efficient. The same screening was carried out in CE and very different conditions, either in acidic or basic background electrolyte and different cyclodextrins used as chiral selectors, allowed the separation of six of the nine derivatives. 1-((3,4-Dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (compound 1) was chosen as a probe, and its semi-preparative separation by SFC and enantiomeric verification using the three techniques are presented. Its limit of detection and limit of quantification are calculated for each method. Finally, the greenness of each quality control method was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Avigo
- Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Inserm U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Inserm U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alina Ghinet
- Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Inserm U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Teodora Sandu
- Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Inserm U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bartosz Wielgomas
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Inserm U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular, Université de Lille, Lille, France
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23
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Zhang S, Wang Q, Ning J, Wang W. Nucleic acid strand displacement for indirect determination of foodborne bacteria by capillary electrophoresis and its application in antagonism and bacteriostasis studies. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:318-326. [PMID: 37824215 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne bacteria threaten human's health. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful separation means for the determination of bacteria. Direct separation of bacteria suffers from the shortages of low resolution, channel adsorption, and bacterial aggregation. In this work, a method of nucleic acid strand displacement was developed to indirect separate the bacteria by CE. DNA complexes, consisting of probes and aptamers, were mixed with the three bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aptamers could specifically bond with bacteria and release the probes. Through the separation of the probes, the bacteria could be indirectly determined by CE. This method avoided the shortages of direct separation of bacteria. Under the optimized conditions, the three probes for the bacteria could be separated and detected within 2.5 min by high-speed CE with laser-induced fluorescence detection. The limits of detection for the bacteria were in the range 4.20 × 106 to 1.75 × 107 CFU/mL. Finally, the developed method was applied on the study of antagonism of the coexistent bacteria to reveal the relationship between them. Furthermore, the efficiency of bacteriostasis of three traditional Chinese medicines, Coptis chinensis, Schisandra chinensis, and honeysuckle, was also studied by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ning
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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24
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Ma X, Fan Z, Tang Z, Cai L. Investigation on improvement of enantioseparation based on clindamycin phosphate by chiral deep eutectic solvents in capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300847. [PMID: 38356235 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the potential synergetic effect between deep eutectic solvents and an antibiotic chiral selector (clindamycin phosphate) for enantioseparation was investigated in capillary electrophoresis. We synthesized a series of deep eutectic solvents with choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor and three α-hydroxyl acids (l-lactic acid, l-malic acid, and l-tartaric acid) as hydrogen bond donors. Compared to the single clindamycin phosphate separation system, significantly improved separations of model drugs were observed in several synergetic systems. Compared to deep eutectic solvents with a single hydrogen bond donor, deep eutectic solvents with mixed-type hydrogen bond donors were superior. The influences of several key parameters including the type and proportion of organic modifier, clindamycin phosphate concentrations, deep eutectic solvents concentrations, and buffer pH were investigated in detail. The mechanism of the enhanced separations in deep eutectic solvents systems was investigated by means of electroosmotic flow analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and molecular modeling. It was the first time that the synergetic systems between deep eutectic solvents and antibiotic chiral selector were established in capillary electrophoresis, and these deep eutectic solvents were demonstrated to have a good synergetic effect with clindamycin phosphate for enantioseparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
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25
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Melicherová N, Gloser V, Skalák J, Trtílek M, Lavická J, Foret F. A new device for online nanoscale sampling and capillary electrophoresis analysis of plant sap composition. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:310-317. [PMID: 37880866 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an online sampling of plant xylem sap combined with an efficient (CE)-based method was developed and applied to study the kinetics of changes in the sap composition and to assess plant fitness under stress conditions comprehensively. A laboratory-built CE device was developed to provide online sampling and CE analysis of various ionogenic species in the sap during plant stress response. The rapid online sampling and short CE analysis time allow for real-time monitoring of changes in sap constituents in the living plant during the stress response. The developed device was successfully used to analyze chloride, nitrate, and sulfate ions in the plant xylem during the salt stress or stress caused by nitrate deficiency within short time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Melicherová
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Gloser
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Skalák
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Trtílek
- PSI (Photon Systems Instruments), spol. s.r.o., Průmyslová, Drásov, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Lavická
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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26
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Peluso P, Sechi B, Jibuti G. Enantioseparation of organometallic compounds by electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38279597 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Over time, chiral organometallic compounds have attracted great interest in several fields, with applications going across several disciplines of chemical, biological, medical, and material sciences. In the last decades, due to advancements in molecular design and computational modeling, the chemistry of chiral transition metal complexes had a remarkable flowering, with the development of new structures for applications in asymmetric synthesis, bioinorganic chemistry, and molecular recognition. In these fields, fast chiral analysis to determine the enantiomeric purity of organometallic structures prepared by asymmetric synthesis, and for high-throughput screening of analytes, catalysts, and reactions, is very important. Capillary electrophoresis and related techniques proved to be extremely versatile for chiral analysis, showing unsurpassed advantages compared to chromatography like low consumption of materials, production of limited amounts of waste, fast equilibration, and possibility to replace easily type and concentration of the chiral selector, among others. Furthermore, electromigration techniques may be useful to gain details about the stereochemistry of the enantiomers of new compounds and to study analyte-selector noncovalent interactions at molecular level. On this basis, this short review aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive view on the enantioseparation of organometallic compounds by electromigration techniques, examining the topic from the historical perspective and showing what was made in this field so far, an essential know-how for developing new and advanced applications in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Barbara Sechi
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giorgi Jibuti
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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27
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Yang SM, Kim JS, Kim E, Kim HY. Rapid and Simultaneous Authentication of Six Laver Species Using Capillary Electrophoresis-Based Multiplex PCR. Foods 2024; 13:363. [PMID: 38338499 PMCID: PMC10855616 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lavers are typically consumed in dried or seasoned forms. However, commercially processed lavers can lead to seafood fraud because it is impossible to authenticate the original species based on morphological characteristics alone. In this study, we developed a capillary electrophoresis-based multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to authenticate six different laver species. The species-specific primer sets to target the chloroplast rbcL or rbcS genes were newly designed. We successfully established both singleplex and multiplex conditions, which resulted in specific amplicons for each species (N. dentata, 274 bp; N. yezoensis, 211 bp; N. seriata, 195 bp; N. tenera, 169 bp; N. haitanensis, 127 bp; P. suborbiculata, 117 bp). Moreover, the assays were sensitive enough to detect DNA ranging from 10 to 0.1 pg of DNA. The optimized capillary electrophoresis-based multiplex PCR was successfully applied to 40 commercial laver products. In addition to detecting the laver species as stated on the commercial label, the assay discovered cases where less expensive species were mixed in. With its advantageous properties, such as short amplicon size, high specificity, and superior sensitivity, this assay could be used for the authentication of the six laver species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hae-Yeong Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.Y.); (J.-S.K.); (E.K.)
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28
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Chen D, Tan M, Xue J, Wu M, Song J, Wu Q, Liu G, Zheng Y, Xiao Y, Lv M, Liao M, Qu S, Liang W. Optimizing Analytical Thresholds for Low-Template DNA Analysis: Insights from Multi-Laboratory Negative Controls. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:117. [PMID: 38255006 PMCID: PMC10815623 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
When analyzing challenging samples, such as low-template DNA, analysts aim to maximize information while minimizing noise, often by adjusting the analytical threshold (AT) for optimal results. A potential approach involves calculating the AT based on the baseline signal distribution in electrophoresis results. This study investigates the impact of reagent kits, testing quarters, environmental conditions, and amplification cycles on baseline signals using historical records and experimental data on low-template DNA. Variations in these aspects contribute to differences in baseline signal patterns. Analysts should remain vigilant regarding routine instrument maintenance and reagent replacement, as these may affect baseline signals. Prompt analysis of baseline status and tailored adjustments to ATs under specific laboratory conditions are advised. A comparative analysis of published methods for calculating the optimal AT from a negative signal distribution highlighted the efficiency of utilizing baseline signals to enhance forensic genetic analysis, with the exception of extremely low-template samples and high-amplification cycles. Moreover, a user-friendly program for real-time analysis was developed, enabling prompt adjustments to ATs based on negative control profiles. In conclusion, this study provides insights into baseline signals, aiming to enhance genetic analysis accuracy across diverse laboratories. Practical recommendations are offered for optimizing ATs in forensic DNA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Chen
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Mengyu Tan
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Jiaming Xue
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Mengna Wu
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Jinlong Song
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Qiushuo Wu
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Guihong Liu
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Yazi Zheng
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Meili Lv
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Miao Liao
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
- West China Forensics Center, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengqiu Qu
- West China Forensics Center, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weibo Liang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.C.); (M.T.)
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Brier L, Furman C, Charton J, Deprez B, Lipka E. Capillary electrokinetic chromatography for chiral separation of potential SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitors. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38225719 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a capillary electrophoresis method was developed as a quality control tool to determine the enantiomeric purity of a series of five chiral compounds evaluated as potential severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 3CL protease inhibitors. The first cyclodextrin tested, that is, highly sulfated-β-cyclodextrin, at 6% (m/v) in a 25 mM phosphate buffer, using a capillary dynamically coated with polyethylene oxide, at an applied voltage of 15 kV and a temperature of 25°C, was found to successfully separate the five derivatives. The limits of detection and quantification were calculated together with the greenness score of the method in order to evaluate the method in terms of analytical and environmental performance. In addition, it is noteworthy that simultaneously high-performance liquid chromatography separation of the enantiomers of the same compounds with two different columns, the amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-coated and the cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate)-immobilized on silica stationary phases, was studied. Neither the former stationary phase nor the latter was able to separate all derivatives in a mobile phase consisting of n-heptane/propan-2-ol 80/20 (v/v).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Brier
- University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Julie Charton
- University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, Lille, France
| | - Benoit Deprez
- University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- University of Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-related Diseases, Lille, France
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30
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Smolkova D, Moravcova D, Lavicka J. Evaluation of solid-phase extraction sorbents for purification of oligosaccharides and glycans derivatized by positively charged labels followed by capillary electrophoretic analysis. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300705. [PMID: 38095448 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The sample preparation including labeling and clean-up represents a key analytical step in the analysis of oligosaccharides and glycans by either chromatographic or electrophoretic separation methods. Although the majority of labeling has been performed by neutral and/or negatively charged tags, the introduction of a positive charge into the saccharide molecule can significantly improve the analysis, especially with mass spectrometry detection. In this work, we present the evaluation of five solid-phase extraction sorbents differing in extraction chemistry for the clean-up and concentration of positively labeled maltooligosaccharides from the reaction mixtures. Maltooligosaccharides containing four to seven glucose units were labeled by cationic tags (2-aminoethyl)trimethylammonium chloride and (carboxymethyl)trimethylammonium chloride hydrazide and the extraction conditions were optimized followed by electrophoretic analysis with conductivity detection. The effects of the solid-phase extraction sorbent chemistry, extraction conditions, and sample composition are discussed. All tested sorbents were capable of cleaning up maltooligosaccharides from the reaction mixtures to some extent after optimization of the solid-phase extraction procedure (51.9%-98.9% recovery). The best-rated amide-based sorbent was used to process the sample of N-linked glycans enzymatically released from ribonuclease B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Smolkova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Moravcova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Lavicka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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31
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Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2021-mid-2023). Electrophoresis 2024; 45:165-198. [PMID: 37670208 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This review article brings a comprehensive survey of developments and applications of high-performance capillary and microchip electromigration methods (zone electrophoresis in a free solution or in sieving media, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography) for analysis, micropreparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides in the period from 2021 up to ca. the middle of 2023. Progress in the study of electromigration properties of peptides and various aspects of their analysis, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, electroosmotic flow regulation, and detection, are presented. New developments in the particular capillary electromigration methods are demonstrated, and several types of their applications are reported. They cover qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic or isolated peptides and determination of peptides in complex biomatrices, peptide profiling of biofluids and tissues, and monitoring of chemical and enzymatic reactions and physicochemical changes of peptides. They include also amino acid and sequence analysis of peptides, peptide mapping of proteins, separation of stereoisomers of peptides, and their chiral analyses. In addition, micropreparative separations and physicochemical characterization of peptides and their interactions with other (bio)molecules by the above CE methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Stefanik O, Majerova P, Kovac A, Mikus P, Piestansky J. Capillary electrophoresis in the analysis of therapeutic peptides-A review. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:120-164. [PMID: 37705480 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic peptides are a growing class of innovative drugs with high efficiency and a low risk of adverse effects. These biomolecules fall within the molecular mass range between that of small molecules and proteins. However, their inherent instability and potential for degradation underscore the importance of reliable and effective analytical methods for pharmaceutical quality control, therapeutic drug monitoring, and compliance testing. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has long time been the "gold standard" conventional method for peptide analysis, but capillary electrophoresis (CE) is increasingly being recognized as a complementary and, in some cases, superior, highly efficient, green, and cost-effective alternative technique. CE can separate peptides composed of different amino acids owing to differences in their net charge and size, determining their migration behavior in an electric field. This review provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic peptides that have been used in the clinical environment for the last 25 years. It describes the properties, classification, current trends in development, and clinical use of therapeutic peptides. From the analytical point of view, it discusses the challenges associated with the analysis of therapeutic peptides in pharmaceutical and biological matrices, as well as the evaluation of CE as a whole and the comparison with LC methods. The article also highlights the use of microchip electrophoresis, nonaqueous CE, and nonconventional hydrodynamically closed CE systems and their applications. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of developing new CE-based analytical methods to ensure the high quality, safety, and efficacy of therapeutic peptides in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Stefanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Geraldo PA, Velasco AWDC, Berlande BM, Souza JCQD, Candido JMB, Adriano LHC, Brito MADAE, do Nascimento MP, Moreira OBDO, de Oliveira MAL. Fatty acids analysis by capillary electrophoresis: Fundamentals, advantages and applications. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:35-54. [PMID: 37946578 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This review covers the know-how of the Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria regarding the analysis of fatty acids by capillary electrophoresis acquired over its 20 years of existence. Therefore, the fundamentals, advantages, and applications of this technique for analyzing different fatty acids in samples such as food, oils, cosmetics, and biological matrices are presented and discussed. Capillary electrophoresis is, thus, shown as an interesting and valuable separation technique for the target analysis of these analytes as an alternative to the gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection, as it offers advantages over the latter such as low analysis times, low sample and reagent consumption, the use of a nondedicated column, and simpler sample preparation. In addition, the methods shown in this literature review can be useful for quality control, adulteration, and health-related research by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Abranches Geraldo
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur Woyames de Castro Velasco
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marchiori Berlande
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Cordeiro Queiroz de Souza
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Beraldo Candido
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Cantarino Adriano
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Domingues Assad E Brito
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Patrícia do Nascimento
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olívia Brito de Oliveira Moreira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria-GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics-INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nie L, Qin H, Li S, Yu Z, Huang W, Zhang L, Zhao J. The establishment of a multiplex fluorescent polymerase chain reaction coupled with capillary electrophoresis analysis technology enables the simultaneous detection of 16 genotypes of human papillomavirus. J Clin Lab Anal 2024; 38:e24996. [PMID: 38131260 PMCID: PMC10829687 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection and accurate genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is critical for preventing and effectively treating cervical cancer. METHODS A multiplex fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with a capillary electrophoresis method was developed for the simultaneous detection of the 16 most prevalent HPV genotypes. Twenty-five pairs of primers were ultimately selected to ensure that both E and L regions of nine HPV genotypes, as well as the E regions of seven HPV genotypes could be accurately amplified. RESULTS This method enables the simultaneous detection and differentiation of 16 HPV genotypes in a single closed-tube reaction, accurately distinguishing products with molecular weight differences >1 bp through capillary electrophoresis. This method demonstrated exceptional accuracy, specificity, and repeatability with a detection limit of 10 copies/μL for all 16 HPV genotypes. Furthermore, 152 cervical swab specimens were obtained to compare the disparities between this approach and Cobas 4800 HPV detection method. The concordance rate and κ value were 90.1% and 0.802, respectively, indicating a high level of agreement. The established detection method was successfully applied to cervical swab specimens for determining HPV genotypes across all levels of cervical lesions, HPV52, 56, 16, and 59 were found to be most prevalent with infection rates of 10.8%, 9.1%, 6.5%, and 6.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study has successfully established a detection method capable of simultaneously identifying 16 HPV genotypes. This approach can be further applied to HPV vaccine research and surveillance, with the potential for broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Nie
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex‐transmitted Virus VaccinesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Haiyang Qin
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex‐transmitted Virus VaccinesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Sisi Li
- Suzhou YueMicro Gene Technology Co. LtdSuzhouChina
| | - Zailiang Yu
- Suzhou YueMicro Gene Technology Co. LtdSuzhouChina
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex‐transmitted Virus VaccinesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex‐transmitted Virus VaccinesNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
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do Nascimento MP, Marchiori Berlande B, Guedes Fraga Lopes M, Cardoso de Lima MF, Teodoro de Souza C, Leal de Oliveira MA. Malondialdehyde Analysis in Biological Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis: The State of Art. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38147303 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2296948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation occurs when substances, such as reactive oxygen species, attack lipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are the main targets. Several products are formed, including primary products such as lipid hydroperoxides and secondary products such as malondialdehyde (MDA), the most used lipid peroxidation biomarker. As MDA levels are elevated in several diseases, MDA is an essential indicator for assessing pathological states. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay is the most widely used method for MDA determination. However, it lacks specificity. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is a separation technique that has been used to quantify MDA in biological samples. This technique has advantages such as the low amount of biological sample required, absence or low volume of organic solvent, short analysis time, separation of interferents, sample preparation step with only protein precipitation, and the possibility of direct detection of the MDA, without derivatization. To our knowledge, this review article is the first to show the CE background for analyzing MDA in biological samples. Therefore, given the potential of MDA in evaluating pathological states, this article demonstrates the potential of CE to become a reference method for MDA determination in clinical analysis laboratories, which will play a significant role in diagnosing and monitoring diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Patrícia do Nascimento
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marchiori Berlande
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marina Guedes Fraga Lopes
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Mário Flávio Cardoso de Lima
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Claudio Teodoro de Souza
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics - INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Zhang J, Li Y, Chen L, Zheng Z, Liu C. Screening of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors by Capillary Electrophoresis with Oriented-Immobilized Enzyme Microreactors Based on Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules 2023; 29:118. [PMID: 38202701 PMCID: PMC10780009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A facial and efficient method for the screening of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors by capillary electrophoresis was developed. Based on the specific affinity of concanavalin A (Con A) for binding to the glycosyl group of AChE, enzyme molecules were oriented-immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@Con A@AChE). Then, these modified nanoparticles were bounded to the capillary inlet (about 1.0 cm) by electrostatic self-assembly to obtain the oriented-immobilized enzyme microreactor (OIMER). Compared to an IMER with a free enzyme, the peak area of the product obtained by the OIMER increased by 52.6%. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) was as low as (0.061 ± 0.003) mmol/L. The method exhibits good repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.3% for 100 consecutive runs. The system was successfully applied to detect the IC50 values of donepezil and four components from Chinese medicinal plants. This work demonstrates the potential of this method as a low cost, simple, and accurate screening method for other enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Institute of Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Institute of Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Chunye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Institute of Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China
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Tang B, Wang J, Qin D, Yao C, Chen K, Liang L, Chai H, Guo H, Du L. Hb Chapel Hill or Alpha2 74(EF3) Asp>Gly, a mildly unstable variant found in a Chinese family. Hematology 2023; 28:2187154. [PMID: 36939273 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2187154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hb Chapel Hill [Alpha2 74(EF3) Asp > Gly] results from an GAC > GGC substitution at codon 74 of the HBA1 or HBA2 genes. Hb Chapel Hill has not been reported since 1986. METHODS A heterozygous mutation, HBA2: c.224A > G, was identified in the proband, her father and sister. We compared the haematological and clinical data of this family with the data reported in the limited number of individuals. RESULTS Having excluded iron deficiency, the Hb Chapel Hill was asymptomatic in heterozygous state. The cases presented here characterize cases in new techniques including capillary electrophoresis (CE). Two aberrant peaks were identified by CE, a major peak migrating in the zone 7 that correspond to Hb Chapel Hill (αChapel Hill 2β2) and a minor peak migrating in the zone 1 that correspond to Hb Chapel Hill2 (αChapel Hill 2δ2). Focusing on the variant expression, the Hb Chapel Hill plus Hb A2 variant were around 18.9-20.6% of total Hb in three members. CONCLUSION This data will be useful for providing up-to-date and high quality information on the Hb Chapel Hill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Wang
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Danqinq Qin
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuize Yao
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyi Chen
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Liang
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Chai
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Guo
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Du
- Medical Genetics Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Tseng LH, Liang PC, Chiu TC, Hsieh MM. Ultrasound and surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction prior to poly(ethylene oxide)-mediated stacking in CE for highly sensitive determination of barbiturates in human fluids. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300557. [PMID: 37803927 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a facile, highly sensitive technique for extracting and quantifying barbiturates in serum samples. This method combined ultrasound and surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with poly(ethylene oxide)-mediated stacking in capillary electrophoresis. Factors influencing the extraction and stacking performance, such as the type and volume of extraction solvents, the type and concentration of surfactant, extraction time, salt additives, sample matrix, solution pH, and composition of the background electrolyte, were carefully studied and optimized to achieve the optimal detection sensitivity. Under the optimized extraction (injecting 140 μL C2 H4 Cl2 into 1 mL of sample with pH 4 (5 mM sodium phosphate containing 0.05 mM Tween 20 and sonication for 1 min) and separation conditions (150 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-borate with pH 8.5 containing 0.5% (m/v) poly(ethylene oxide)), the limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) of five barbiturates ranged from 0.20 to 0.33 ng/mL, and the calculated sensitivity improvement ranged from 868- to 1700-fold. The experimental results revealed excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99), with relative standard deviations of 2.1%-3.4% for the migration time and 4.3%-5.7% for the peak area. The recoveries of the spiked serum samples were 97.1% -110.3%. Our proposed approach offers a rapid and practical method for quantifying barbiturates in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hsin Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chia Chiu
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Mu Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Pavlović DM, Babić S, Čizmić M, Sertić M, Pinušić T. Simultaneous determination of macrolides in water samples by solid-phase extraction and capillary electrophoresis. Acta Pharm 2023; 73:515-535. [PMID: 38147474 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE) for the determination of macrolide antibiotics (azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, tylosin) and tiamulin in water samples was described in this article. These compounds were extracted with different types of sorbents ( Oasis HLB, C18, C8, SDB, and Strata-X) and different masses of sorbents (60 mg, 200 mg, and 500 mg) using different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile) and different pH values of water samples (pH 7.00, 8.00, and 9.00). It was found that the highest extraction efficiency of the studied compounds was obtained with 200 mg/3 mL C18 cartridges with methanol as eluent at pH 9.00 of the water sample. The developed SPE-CE method for macrolide antibiotics and tiamulin was validated for linearity, precision, repeatability, the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ), and recovery. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.3-30 mg L-1 depending on the drug, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9958 in all cases except clarithromycin (0.9873). Expanded measurement uncertainties were calculated for each pharmaceutical, accounting for 20.31 % (azithromycin), 38.33 % (tiamulin), 28.95 % (clarithromycin), 26.99 % (roxithromycin), and 21.09 % (tiamulin). Uncertainties associated with precision and calibration curves contributed the most to the combined measurement uncertainty. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of production waste-water from the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Babić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Čizmić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miranda Sertić
- 2University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tea Pinušić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Modroiu A, Krait S, Hancu G, Scriba GKE. Quality by design-guided development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous chiral purity determination and impurity profiling of tamsulosin. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300604. [PMID: 37937344 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Analytical Quality by Design principles using the design of experiments were applied for the development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of enantiomeric purity and chemically related impurities of tamsulosin. From initial scouting experiments, a dual cyclodextrin (CD) system composed of sulfated β-CD and carboxymethyl-α-CD was selected as the chiral selector. A fractional factorial resolution V+ design was used for the identification of the critical process parameters, while a face-centered central composite design and Monte Carlo simulations were employed for final optimization and defining the design space of the method. The experimental conditions of the working point were: 30 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 3.0, containing 40 mg/mL sulfated β-CD and 7 mg/mL carboxymethyl-α-CD, capillary temperature 18°C, applied voltage -23 kV. Following the assessment of robustness by applying a Plackett-Burman design, the method was validated according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guideline Q2(R1). The method allowed the quantification of the chiral impurity and three other related impurities at the 0.1 % level with acceptable accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Modroiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Sulaiman Krait
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Mahmoudi A, De Francia S, Paul P. Development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of clarithromycin in pharmaceutical tablets. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300424. [PMID: 37650313 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Clarithromycin is a very important macrolide antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in human and veterinary medicine. This study reports the development and validation of cost-effective, simple, precise, accurate, and robust high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of clarithromycin (CLA) in tablets. Reversed-phase chromatography was conducted using a standard column at 55°C with ultraviolet detection at 215 nm. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -2-methyl-2-propanol -potassium phosphate buffer was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The proposed method displayed good linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and specificity. The present HPLC was compared with capillary electrophoresis and bioassay methods and the results indicated that there was no significant difference between these methods. Moreover, the obtained results demonstrated the validity of the isocratic HPLC, which allows reliable quantitation of CLA in pharmaceutical samples. Thus, it can be used as a substitute alternative methodology for the routine quality control of this medicine, in situations where other methods are less accessible in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelghani Mahmoudi
- Research Laboratory on Bioactive Products and Biomass Valorization (LRPBVB), Ecole Normale Supérieure-Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia De Francia
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Prasanta Paul
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and System Biology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Gao Z, Li Z, Hutchins Z, Zhang Q, Zhong W. Enhancing Extracellular Vesicle Analysis by Integration of Large-Volume Sample Stacking in Capillary Electrophoresis with Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15778-15785. [PMID: 37795969 PMCID: PMC10947528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in cell-cell communication and pathological development. Cargo profiling for the EVs present in clinical specimens can provide valuable insights into their functions and help discover effective EV-based markers for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the highly abundant and complex matrix components pose significant challenges for specific identification of low-abundance EV cargos. Herein, we combine asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) with large-volume sample stacking and capillary electrophoresis (LVSS/CE), to attain EVs with high purity for downstream protein profiling. This hyphenated system first separates the EVs from the contamination of smaller serum proteins by AF4, and second resolves the EVs from the coeluted, nonvesicular matrix components by CE following LVSS. The optimal LVSS condition permits the injection of 10-fold more EVs into CE compared to the nonstacking condition without compromising separation resolution. Collection and downstream analysis of the highly pure EVs after CE separation were demonstrated in the present work. The high EV purity yields a much-improved labeling efficiency when detected by fluorescent antibodies compared to those collected from the one-dimension separation of AF4, and permits the identification of more EV-specific cargos by LC-MS/MS compared to those isolated by ultracentrifugation (UC), the exoEasy Maxi Kit, and AF4. Our results strongly support that AF4-LVSS/CE can improve EV isolation and cargo analysis, opening up new opportunities for understanding EV functions and their applications in the biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | - Zongbo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | - Zachary Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | - Quanqing Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
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Choi SB, Vatan T, Alexander TA, Zhang C, Mitchell SM, Speer CM, Nemes P. Microanalytical Mass Spectrometry with Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals a Proteome Transition During Development of the Brain's Circadian Pacemaker. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15208-15216. [PMID: 37792996 PMCID: PMC10728713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
During brain development, neuronal proteomes are regulated in part by changes in spontaneous and sensory-driven activity in immature neural circuits. A longstanding model for studying activity-dependent circuit refinement is the developing mouse visual system where the formation of axonal projections from the eyes to the brain is influenced by spontaneous retinal activity prior to the onset of vision and by visual experience after eye-opening. The precise proteomic changes in retinorecipient targets that occur during this developmental transition are unknown. Here, we developed a microanalytical proteomics pipeline using capillary electrophoresis (CE) electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) in the discovery setting to quantify developmental changes in the chief circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), before and after the onset of photoreceptor-dependent visual function. Nesting CE-ESI with trapped ion mobility spectrometry time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (TimsTOF PRO) doubled the number of identified and quantified proteins compared to the TOF-only control on the same analytical platform. From 10 ng of peptide input, corresponding to <∼0.5% of the total local tissue proteome, technical triplicate analyses identified 1894 proteins and quantified 1066 proteins, including many with important canonical functions in axon guidance, synapse function, glial cell maturation, and extracellular matrix refinement. Label-free quantification revealed differential regulation for 166 proteins over development, with enrichment of axon guidance-associated proteins prior to eye-opening and synapse-associated protein enrichment after eye-opening. Super-resolution imaging of select proteins using STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) corroborated the MS results and showed that increased presynaptic protein abundance pre/post eye-opening in the SCN reflects a developmental increase in synapse number, but not presynaptic size or extrasynaptic protein expression. This work marks the first development and systematic application of TimsTOF PRO for CE-ESI-based microproteomics and the first integration of microanalytical CE-ESI TimsTOF PRO with volumetric super-resolution STORM imaging to expand the repertoire of technologies supporting analytical neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam B. Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Tarlan Vatan
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Chenghang Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | | | - Colenso M. Speer
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Peter Nemes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Xu R, Chang Z, Wen D, Liu Y, Wang C, Qu W, Tang X, Jia H, Li J, Cai J, Li G, Jiang B, Zha L. A preliminary exploration for co-detecting RNA virus and STR type on capillary electrophoresis in forensic practice. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1579-1587. [PMID: 37528696 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
RNA virus infection such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection shows severe respiratory symptoms on human and could be an obvious individual characteristic for investigations in forensic science. As for biological samples suspected to contain RNA virus in forensic casework, it requires respective detection of viral RNA and human DNA: reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and DNA type (short tandem repeat [STR] analysis). Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been shown to be a versatile technique and used for a variety of applications, so we preliminarily explored the co-detection of RNA virus and STR type on CE by developing a system of co-detecting SARS-CoV-2 and STR type under ensuring both the efficiency of forensic DNA analysis and safety of the laboratory. This study investigated the development and validation of the system, including N and ORF1ab primer designs, polymerase chain reaction amplification, allelic ladder, CE detection, thermal cycling parameters, concordance, sensitivity, species specificity, precision, and contrived and real SARS-CoV-2 sample studies. Final results showed the system could simultaneously detect SARS-CoV-2 and STR type, further indicating that CE has possibilities in the multi-detection of RNA viruses/STR type to help to prompt individual characteristics (viral infection) and narrow the scope of investigation in forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Xu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhaorui Chang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Qu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Jia
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jienan Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jifeng Cai
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Guanlin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bowei Jiang
- The first Research Institute of the Ministry of public security P.R.C, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lagabaiyila Zha
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Pinheiro KMP, Sako AVF, Rodrigues MF, Vaz BG, Medeiros Junior I, Carvalho RM, Coltro WKT. Analysis of naphthenic acids in produced water samples by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300442. [PMID: 37582647 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
A capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry method was used to analyze naphthenic acids in produced water samples. It was possible to detect cyclopentanecarboxylic, benzoic, cyclohexanebutyric, 1-naphthoic, decanoic, 3,5-dimethyladamantane-1-carboxylic, 9-anthracenecarboxylic, and pentadecanoic acids within ca. 13 min using a buffer composed of 40 mmol/L ammonium hydroxide, 32 mmol/L acetic acid and 20% v/v isopropyl alcohol, pH 8.6. The proposed method showed good repeatability, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 6.6% for the sum of the peak areas and less than 2% for the analysis time. In the interday analysis, the RSD values for the sum of the peak areas and migration time were 10.3% and 10%, respectively. The developed method demonstrated linear behavior in the concentration range between 5 and 50 mg/L for benzoic, decanoic, 3,5-dimethyladamantane-1-carboxylic and 9-anthracenecarboxylic acids, and between 10 and 50 mg/L for cyclopentanecarboxylic, cyclohexanebutyric, 1- naphthoic, and pentadecanoic acids. The detection limits values ranged from 0.31 to 1.64 mg/L. Six produced water samples were analyzed and it was possible to identify and quantify cyclopentanecarboxylic, benzoic, cyclohexanebutyric, and decanoic acids. The concentrations varied between 4.8 and 98.9 mg/L, proving effective in the application of complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alysson V F Sako
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Boniek G Vaz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Iris Medeiros Junior
- Centro de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello (CENPES), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogerio M Carvalho
- Centro de Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello (CENPES), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, Campinas, Brazil
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46
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Dushkov A, Vosáhlová Z, Tzintzarov A, Kalíková K, Křížek T, Ugrinova I. Analysis of the Ibotenic Acid, Muscimol, and Ergosterol Content of an Amanita Muscaria Hydroalcoholic Extract with an Evaluation of Its Cytotoxic Effect against a Panel of Lung Cell Lines In Vitro. Molecules 2023; 28:6824. [PMID: 37836667 PMCID: PMC10574166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungus Amanita muscaria is universally recognizable for its iconic appearance; it is also widely regarded as poisonous, inedible, and even deadly. In spite of that, there have been documented cases of use of A. muscaria-containing preparations against various diseases, including cancer, to no apparent ill effect. The search for compounds that can be used to treat cancer among various plants and fungi has been intensifying in recent years. In light of this, we describe an HPLC HILIC analytical method for the evaluation of the content of the anticancer compound ergosterol (ERG) and the neuroactive alkaloids ibotenic acid (IBO) and muscimol (MUS) that contribute significantly to the unpleasant physiological syndrome associated with A. muscaria consumption. A 'homemade' A. muscaria tincture made using 80-proof rye vodka as the solvent, an A. muscaria extract made with a standardized water-ethanol solution as the solvent, and fractions obtained from the second extract via liquid-liquid extraction with nonpolar solvents were analyzed. The study also presents the results of capillary zone electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and UHPLC-MS/MS analyses of the IBO and MUS content of the two native A. muscaria extracts and an evaluation of the standardized extract's cytotoxic effect against a small panel of lung cell cultures in vitro. Our results show that the standardized extract has a significant cytotoxic effect and does not contain the compounds of interest in any significant quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dushkov
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria (A.T.)
| | - Zuzana Vosáhlová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic (K.K.)
| | - Alexander Tzintzarov
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria (A.T.)
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic (K.K.)
| | - Tomáš Křížek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria (A.T.)
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47
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Krebs F, Zagst H, Stein M, Ratih R, Minkner R, Olabi M, Hartung S, Scheller C, Lapizco-Encinas BH, Sänger-van de Griend C, García CD, Wätzig H. Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications-Updated and completely revised edition. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1279-1341. [PMID: 37537327 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. "Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications," pointing out which fundamentals are still valid and at the same time showing the enormous achievements in the last 25 years. The structures of both reviews are widely similar, in order to facilitate their simultaneous use. Focusing on pharmaceutical and biological applications, the successful use of CE is now demonstrated by more than 600 carefully selected references. Many of those are recent reviews; therefore, a significant overview about the field is provided. There are extra sections about sample pretreatment related to CE and microchip CE, and a completely revised section about method development for protein analytes and biomolecules in general. The general strategies for method development are summed up with regard to selectivity, efficiency, precision, analysis time, limit of detection, sample pretreatment requirements, and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finja Krebs
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Holger Zagst
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Matthias Stein
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Ratih Ratih
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Robert Minkner
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Mais Olabi
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Sophie Hartung
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Christin Scheller
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Blanca H Lapizco-Encinas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Cari Sänger-van de Griend
- Kantisto BV, Baarn, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carlos D García
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
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48
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Stellwagen E, Stellwagen NC. Monovalent cation localization in DNA A-tracts with different sequences. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1414-1422. [PMID: 37354056 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The free solution mobilities of 26-base pair (bp) DNA oligomers containing A-tracts with and without internal ApT steps have been measured by capillary electrophoresis, using the mobility of a 26-bp random-sequence oligomer as a reference. The background electrolytes (BGEs) contained mixtures of Li+ and tetrapropylammonium (TPA+ ) ions, keeping the total cation concentration constant at 0.3 M. The mobility ratios equaled 1.00 in 0.3 M TPA+ , indicating that the A-tract and reference oligomers had the same B-form conformation in this BGE. With increasing [Li+ ], the mobility ratio decreased as Li+ ions became localized in the A-tract minor groove, suggesting that the A-tract was now in the B* conformation. If the A-tract contained an internal ApT step and the oligomer contained less than ∼50% A + T, the mobility ratio reached a reduced plateau value that remained constant as the [Li+ ] increased to 0.3 M. However, for A-tracts without an internal ApT step and for A-tracts embedded in oligomers containing more than 50% A + T, the mobility ratios increased again at high [Li+ ], eventually reaching a plateau value of 1.00. Hence, DNA A-tracts in solution appear to exist as mixtures of the B and B* conformations, with the fractional concentration of each conformer depending on the [Li+ ], the A-tract sequence, and the total A + T content of the oligomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earle Stellwagen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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49
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Gao W, Qin Y, Zang Y, Zhu J, Chen W, Tong S, Zeng Y, Chu C. Miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion and solid-phase clear-up combined with capillary electrophoresis for efficient determination of trace bioactive components in complicated sample matrix: Take Wubi Shanyao Pill as an example. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300164. [PMID: 37387568 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate quantitative analysis of trace analytes in a complicated matrix is a challenge in modern analytical chemistry. An appropriate analytical method is considered to be one of the most common gaps during the whole process. In this study, a green and efficient strategy based on miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion and solid-phase extraction combined with capillary electrophoresis was first proposed for extracting, purifying and determining target analytes from complicated matrix, using Wubi Shanyao Pill as an example. In detail, 60 mg of samples were dispersed on MCM-48 to obtain high yields of analytes, then the extract was purified with a solid-phase extraction cartridge. Finally, four analytes in the purified sample solution were determined by capillary electrophoresis. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of matrix solid-phase dispersion, purification efficiency of solid-phase extraction and separation effect of capillary electrophoresis were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, all analytes demonstrated satisfactory linearity (R2 >0.9983). What's more, the superior green potential of the developed method for the determination of complex samples was confirmed by the Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach. The established method was successfully applied in the accurate determination of target analytes in Wubi Shanyao Pill and thus provided reliable, sensitive, and efficient strategy support for its quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Zang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modern Research, Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modern Research, Hangzhou Huqingyutang Pharmaceutical Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuqun Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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50
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Bílek J, Koval D, Sázelová P, Šolínová V, Severa L, Gutiérrez PER, Teplý F, Kašička V. The separation of the enantiomers of diquats by capillary electrophoresis using randomly sulfated cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300417. [PMID: 37528727 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Diquats, derivatives of the widely used herbicide diquat, represent a new class of functional organic molecules. A combination of their special electrochemical properties and axial chirality could potentially result in their important applications in supramolecular chemistry, chiral catalysis, and chiral analysis. However, prior to their practical applications, the diquats have to be prepared in enantiomerically pure forms and the enantiomeric purity of their P- and M-isomers has to be checked. Hence, a chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) method has been developed and applied for separation of P- and M-enantiomers of 11 new diquats. Fast and better than baseline CE separations of enantiomers of all 11 diquats within a short time 5-7 min were achieved using acidic buffer, 22 mM NaOH, 35 mM H3 PO4 , pH 2.5, as a background electrolyte, and 6 mM randomly sulfated α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. The most successful selector was sulfated γ-cyclodextrin, which baseline separated the enantiomers of all 11 diquats, followed by sulfated β-cyclodextrin and sulfated α-cyclodextrin, which baseline separated enantiomers of 10 and nine diquats, respectively. Using this method, a high enantiopurity degree of the isolated P- and M-enantiomers of three diquats with a defined absolute configuration was confirmed and their migration order was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bílek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Koval
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Sázelová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šolínová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Severa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Paul E Reyes Gutiérrez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Teplý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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