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Fan X, Guo J, Feng D, Li D, Hua H. Chromones and biflavonoids from Garcinia pedunculata and Garcinia nujiangensis and their anti-inflammatory activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 224:114166. [PMID: 38810815 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Plants of the Garcinia genus were rich in structurally diverse and naturally bioactive components, while limited studies have been reported for Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. and G. nujiangensis C. Y. Wu & Y. H. Li. Four previously undescribed compounds including three chromones, garpedunchromones A-C (1-3), and one biflavonoid, nujiangbiflavone A (14), along with fifteen known analogs (4-13, 15-19) were isolated from G. pedunculata and G. nujiangensis. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on their HRESIMS data, extensive NMR spectroscopic analyses, and ECD calculations. The chromone derivatives were isolated from Garcinia for the first time. Compound 14 was a rare biflavonoid with C-3─C-6″ linkage. The biological evaluation of these isolates against NO production was conducted in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, resulting in the identification of a series of potent NO inhibitors, of which garpedunchromone B (2) was the most active with an IC50 value of 18.11 ± 0.96 μM. In the network pharmacology studies, the potential targets of compounds and inflammation were obtained from PharmMapper and GeneCards database. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the overlapped targets were closely related to the major pathogenic processes linked to inflammation. Garpedunchromone B and proteins binding sites were being predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dongyan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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Yao L, Jumai A, Huang X, Lin T, Tao Z, Qiu SX. Four new isocoumarins from Cajanus cajan. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7763-7769. [PMID: 38444970 PMCID: PMC10913066 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Four novel new isocoumarins, cajanolactone B, C, D1 and D2 (1-4), were isolated from ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Cajanus cajan. The structural elucidation has been completed mainly depending on extensive spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, NMR (1D and 2D), HRESIMS and chiral analysis. Notably, all these new isocoumarins were found to exist in racemic forms, among which compounds 3 and 4 share the same planar structure. This finding suggests that at least the biosynthesis of isocoumarin in C. cajan is chiral tolerant. A plausible biogenetic pathway of compounds 1-4 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology Guangzhou 510650 China +86-20-37081190 +86-13924031914
- South China National Botanical Garden Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Aikebaier Jumai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology Guangzhou 510650 China +86-20-37081190 +86-13924031914
- South China National Botanical Garden Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology Guangzhou 510650 China +86-20-37081190 +86-13924031914
- Visiting Student from the Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison USA
| | - Tingting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology Guangzhou 510650 China +86-20-37081190 +86-13924031914
| | - Zhengguo Tao
- Guangzhou Leader Biotechnology Co., LTD Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Sheng-Xiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology Guangzhou 510650 China +86-20-37081190 +86-13924031914
- South China National Botanical Garden Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
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Ivan IM, Popovici V, Chițescu CL, Popescu L, Luță EA, Ilie EI, Brașoveanu LI, Hotnog CM, Olaru OT, Nițulescu GM, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE. Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Capsicum annuum (L.) Dry Hydro-Ethanolic Extract. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:245. [PMID: 38399299 PMCID: PMC10892411 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsicum annuum (L.) is one of the essential spices most frequently used in our daily routine and has remarkable ethnobotanical and pharmacological properties. Its fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and numerous other phenolic metabolites with a well-known antioxidant activity. Regular consumption of chili fruits may have a positive influence on human health. Therefore, we investigated a commercially available chili fruit powder in the present study, extracting it with 50% ethanol. The dried hydro-ethanolic extract (CAE) was thoroughly analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS), and 79 bioactive phenolic constituents were identified. Then, we quantified the main phenolic compounds and found a polyphenol content of 4.725 ± 1.361 mg Eq tannic acid/100 g extract and a flavonoid amount of 1.154 ± 0.044 mg Eq rutin/100 g extract. Phenolic secondary metabolites are known for their dual redox behavior as antioxidants/pro-oxidants, underlying their numerous benefits in health and disease. Thus, the antioxidant potential of CAE was evaluated using three methods; our results could explain the protective effects of chili fruits: IC50DPPH = 1.669 mg/mL, IC50ABTS = 0.200 mg/mL, and EC50FRAP = 0.561 mg/mL. The pro-oxidant potential of phenolic compounds could be a basis for CAE cytotoxicity, investigated in vitro on tumor cell lines and in vivo on Daphnia sp. Results demonstrated the dose- and time-dependent CAE's cytotoxic activity; the highest antiproliferative activity was recorded on colon (LoVo) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines after 48 h of exposure (IC50 values < 200 µg/mL). In vivo testing on Daphnia sp. reported a potent CAE cytotoxicity after 48 h and embryonic developmental delays. Extensive data analyses support our results, showing a significant correlation between the CAE's concentration, phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, exposure time, and the viability rate of different tested cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionuț Mădălin Ivan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Violeta Popovici
- “Costin C. Kiriţescu” National Institute of Economic Research—Center for Mountain Economics (INCE-CEMONT), Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra-Dornei, Romania
| | - Carmen Lidia Chițescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galați, A.I. Cuza 35, 800010 Galați, Romania;
| | - Liliana Popescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Emanuela Alice Luță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Elena Iuliana Ilie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Lorelei Irina Brașoveanu
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 285 Mihai Bravu Ave., 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (L.I.B.); (C.M.H.)
| | - Camelia Mia Hotnog
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 285 Mihai Bravu Ave., 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (L.I.B.); (C.M.H.)
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - George Mihai Nițulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.I.); (L.P.); (E.A.L.); (E.I.I.); (G.M.N.); (R.B.); (C.E.G.)
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Kaennakam S, Sukandar ER, Phasuthan P, Yahuafai J, Onsrisawat P, Mulya F, Parasuk V, Phuwapraisirisan P, Tip-Pyang S. Garcowacinols A-J, cytotoxic polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives from the twigs of Garcinia cowa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 209:113622. [PMID: 36849096 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ten undescribed polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives named garcowacinols A‒J (1-10) and four known analogues (11-14) were isolated from the twigs of Garcinia cowa. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis (1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS), and their absolute configurations were established based on NOESY and ECD data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five types of human cancer cells (KB, HeLa S3, MCF-7, Hep G2, and HT-29) as well as Vero cells by MTT colorimetric assay. Garcowacinol C was significantly active against all the five cancer cells with IC50 values in the range of 0.61-9.50 μM. Selective proliferative inhibitions were observed on garcowacinol F and 7-epiclusianone against KB cells, and guttiferone Q toward MCF-7 cells with IC50 values less than 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutin Kaennakam
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, 10800, Thailand.
| | - Edwin R Sukandar
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattama Phasuthan
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Jantana Yahuafai
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Prayumat Onsrisawat
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Fadjar Mulya
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vudhichai Parasuk
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Santi Tip-Pyang
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Kaennakam S, Sukandar ER, Rassamee K, Siripong P. Cytotoxic Polyprenylated Benzoylphloroglucinol Derivatives from the Branches of Garcinia schomburgkiana. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:508-515. [PMID: 35500601 DOI: 10.1055/a-1841-0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives (1: - 5: ), named garschomcinols A - E, and five known analogues (6: - 10: ) were isolated from the branches of Garcinia schomburgkiana. Their structures were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS analyses. The absolute configuration of the bicyclo [3.3.1]nonane core structure of the polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinols was assigned by comparison of its experimental electronic circular dichroism data with that of related compounds. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity in vitro against five cancer cell lines. Compound 6: showed potent cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines including KB, HeLa S3, HT-29, MCF-7, and Hep G2 with IC50 values in the range of 5.05 - 7.03 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutin Kaennakam
- Department of Agro-Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Edwin Risky Sukandar
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitiya Rassamee
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongpun Siripong
- Natural Products Research Section, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kauffmann AC, Castro VS. Phenolic Compounds in Bacterial Inactivation: A Perspective from Brazil. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040645. [PMID: 37107007 PMCID: PMC10135396 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are natural substances that are produced through the secondary metabolism of plants, fungi, and bacteria, in addition to being produced by chemical synthesis. These compounds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, among others. In this way, Brazil represents one of the most promising countries regarding phenolic compounds since it has a heterogeneous flora, with the presence of six distinct biomes (Cerrado, Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Pantanal, and Pampa). Recently, several studies have pointed to an era of antimicrobial resistance due to the unrestricted and large-scale use of antibiotics, which led to the emergence of some survival mechanisms of bacteria to these compounds. Therefore, the use of natural substances with antimicrobial action can help combat these resistant pathogens and represent a natural alternative that may be useful in animal nutrition for direct application in food and can be used in human nutrition to promote health. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) evaluate the phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties isolated from plants present in Brazil, (ii) discuss the compounds across different classes (flavonoids, xanthones, coumarins, phenolic acids, and others), and (iii) address the structure-activity relationship of phenolic compounds that lead to antimicrobial action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinicius Silva Castro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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