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Baikousi M, Gioti C, Vasilopoulos KC, Drymiskianaki A, Papadakis VM, Viskadourakis Z, Ntaflos A, Moschovas D, Paipetis AS, Kenanakis G, Karakassides MA. Carbonaceous Shape-Stabilized Octadecane/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Materials for Enhanced Energy Storage and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. Molecules 2024; 29:4363. [PMID: 39339358 PMCID: PMC11434077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing materials for efficient energy storage and effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is crucial in modern technology. This study explores the synthesis and characterization of carbonaceous shape-stabilized octadecane/MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotube) composites, utilizing activated carbon, expanded graphite or ceramic carbon foam, as shape stabilizers for phase change materials (PCMs) to enhance thermal energy storage and EMI shielding, for energy-efficient and advanced applications. The integration of octadecane, a phase change material (PCM) with carbonaceous stabilizers ensures the material's stability during phase transitions, while MWCNTs contribute to improved thermal storage properties and EMI shielding capabilities. The research aims to develop novel composites with dual functionality for thermal storage and EMI shielding, emphasizing the role of carbon matrices and their MWCNT composites. SEM and CT microtomography analyses reveal variations in MWCNT incorporation across the matrices, influenced by surface properties and porosity. Leaching tests, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirm the composite's stability and high latent heat storage. The presence of nanotubes enhances the thermal properties of octadecane and ΔH values almost reached their theoretical values. EMI shielding effectiveness measurements indicate that the composites show improved electric properties in the presence of MWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Baikousi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Christina Gioti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Konstantinos C. Vasilopoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Argyri Drymiskianaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.D.); (V.M.P.); (Z.V.); (G.K.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Crete, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis M. Papadakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.D.); (V.M.P.); (Z.V.); (G.K.)
- Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, GR-12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharias Viskadourakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.D.); (V.M.P.); (Z.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Angelos Ntaflos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - Alkiviadis S. Paipetis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
| | - George Kenanakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.D.); (V.M.P.); (Z.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Michael A. Karakassides
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.G.); (K.C.V.); (A.N.); (D.M.); (A.S.P.)
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Sun W, Hou Y, Zhang X. Bi-Functional Paraffin@Polyaniline/TiO 2/PCN-222(Fe) Microcapsules for Solar Thermal Energy Storage and CO 2 Photoreduction. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:2. [PMID: 35009951 PMCID: PMC8746944 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel type of bi-functional microencapsulated phase change material (MEPCM) microcapsules with thermal energy storage (TES) and carbon dioxide (CO2) photoreduction was designed and fabricated. The polyaniline (PANI)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/PCN-222(Fe) hybrid shell encloses phase change material (PCM) paraffin by the facile and environment-friendly Pickering emulsion polymerization, in which TiO2 and PCN-222(Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) were used as Pickering stabilizer. Furthermore, a ternary heterojunction of PANI/(TiO2)/PCN-222(Fe) was constructed due to the tight contact of the three components on the hybrid shell. The results indicate that the maximum enthalpy of MEPCMs is 174.7 J·g-1 with encapsulation efficiency of 77.2%, and the thermal properties, chemical composition, and morphological structure were well maintained after 500 high-low temperature cycles test. Besides, the MEPCM was employed to reduce CO2 into carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) under natural light irradiation. The CO evolution rate reached up to 45.16 μmol g-1 h-1 because of the suitable band gap and efficient charge migration efficiency, which is 5.4, 11, and 62 times higher than pure PCN-222(Fe), PANI, and TiO2, respectively. Moreover, the CO evolution rate decayed inapparently after five CO2 photoreduction cycles. The as-prepared bi-functional MEPCM as the temperature regulating building materials and air purification medium will stimulate a potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xu Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-22-6020-0443
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Park JJ, Kim Y, Lee C, Kim D, Choi W, Kwon H, Kim JH, Hwang KS, Lee JY. Morphological Analysis of PSMA/PEI Core-Shell Nanoparticles Synthesized by Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081958. [PMID: 34443787 PMCID: PMC8402240 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emulsion polymerization presents the disadvantage that the physical properties of polymer particles are altered by surfactant adsorption. Therefore, in the soap-free emulsion polymerization method, a hydrophilic initiator is utilized while inducing repulsion among particles on the polymer particle surface, resulting in stable polymer particle production. In this study, we developed a methodology wherein spherical and uniform poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) core–shell nanoparticles were prepared. Further, their morphology was analyzed. During PSMA polymerization, the addition of up to 30% maleic anhydride (MA) resulted in stable polymerization. In PSMA/PEI nanoparticle fabrication, the number of reactants increased with increased initial monomer feed amounts; consequently, the particle size increased, and as the complete monomer consumption time increased, the particle distribution widened. The styrene (St) copolymer acted as a stabilizer, reducing particle size and narrowing particle distribution. Furthermore, the monomers were more rapidly consumed at high initiator concentrations, irrespective of the initiator used, resulting in increased particle stability and narrowed particle distribution. The shell thickness and particle size were PEI feed ratio dependent, with 0.08 being the optimal PEI-to-MA ratio. The fabricated nanoparticles possess immense potential for application in environmental science and in chemical and health care industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Jung Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120749, Korea; (J.-J.P.); (D.K.); (W.C.); (H.K.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Chanmin Lee
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120749, Korea; (J.-J.P.); (D.K.); (W.C.); (H.K.); (J.-H.K.)
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Wonjun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120749, Korea; (J.-J.P.); (D.K.); (W.C.); (H.K.); (J.-H.K.)
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Hyukjun Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120749, Korea; (J.-J.P.); (D.K.); (W.C.); (H.K.); (J.-H.K.)
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120749, Korea; (J.-J.P.); (D.K.); (W.C.); (H.K.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Ki-Seob Hwang
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-41-5898-424 (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-41-5898-424 (J.-Y.L.)
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