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Park SM, Lee JY, Choi JS, Jung HY. A prospective study on EEG default mode network associated with subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder following sexual assault. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:181-191. [PMID: 38642455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women who have recently experienced sexual assault, by examining psychological and neurophysiological factors using a prospective design with resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) functional connectivity. The study enrolled 33 women who had been recently traumatized by sexual assault and conducted assessments within a month of the trauma. These survivors were evaluated for PTSD three months later and were classified into two groups: PTSD positive (n = 12) and PTSD negative (n = 21). They were compared to two control groups comprising women who had not experienced any extremely traumatic events: 25 with depression and 25 healthy controls. The evaluation focused on resting-state EEG functional connectivity within default mode network (DMN) using small-worldness (SW), based on graph theory. We also assessed self-reported levels of depression, anxiety, anger, and executive functions. The findings indicated that survivors who developed PTSD three months post-trauma exhibited higher anxiety levels and reduced DMN SW in the beta 3 frequency, compared to those who did not develop PTSD. Contrary to expectations, survivors without PTSD showed decreased executive functioning and lower prefrontal centrality compared to those with PTSD. This study underscores the importance of early assessment and intervention for sexual assault survivors at risk of developing PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Mi Park
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Hannam University, Daejoen, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Yeon Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY, Bentzon R, Di Nucci E. What Is A Family? A Constitutive-Affirmative Account. J Bioeth Inq 2024:10.1007/s11673-024-10339-x. [PMID: 38528309 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bio-heteronormative conceptions of the family have long reinforced a nuclear ideal of the family as a heterosexual marriage, with children who are the genetic progeny of that union. This ideal, however, has also long been resisted in light of recent social developments, exhibited through the increased incidence and acceptance of step-families, donor-conceived families, and so forth. Although to this end some might claim that the bio-heteronormative ideal is not necessary for a social unit to count as a family, a more systematic conceptualization of the family-the kind of family that matters morally-is relatively underexplored in the philosophical literature. This paper makes a start at developing and defending an account of the family that is normatively attractive and in line with the growing prevalence of non-conventional families and methods of family-formation. Our account, which we call a constitutive-affirmative model of the family, takes the family to be constituted by an ongoing process of relevant affective and affirmative relations between the putative family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark.
| | - R Bentzon
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark
| | - E Di Nucci
- University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, København K, Denmark
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Lee M, Im SK, Baek S, Ji M, Kim M, Lee EJ, Ji ST, Ferrando-Martinez S, Wolfarth A, Lee JY, Kim D, Choi D. rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c combination promotes an immune-stimulatory tumor microenvironment that improves antitumor efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008001. [PMID: 38471713 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant human interleukin (rhIL)-7-hyFc (efineptakin alfa; NT-I7) is a potent T-cell amplifier, with two IL-7 molecules fused to IgD/IgG4 elements. rhIL-7-hyFc promotes extensive infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor, concurrently increasing the numbers of intratumoral PD-1+CD8+ T cells. The hIL-2/TCB2 complex (SLC-3010) inhibits tumor growth by preferential activation of CD122 (IL-2Rβ)high CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, over regulatory T cells (Tregs). We investigated the underlying mechanisms of rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c antitumor activity and the potential synergistic efficacy, specifically focusing on tumor-specific CD8+ cells within the tumor and the tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLN). METHODS MC38 and CT26 tumor-bearing mice were administered with 10 mg/kg rhIL-7-hyFc intramuscularly and 0.9 mg/kg hIL-2/TCB2c intravenously. Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody was administered intraperitoneally three times at 3-day intervals at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Tumor volume was measured to assess efficacy. To compare the composition of immune cells between each monotherapy and the combination therapy, we analyzed tumors and tdLNs by flow cytometry. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that the combination of rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c increases efficacy and generates an immune-stimulatory tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is characterized by an increased infiltration of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, and a decreased frequency of CD39highTIM-3+ Treg cells. Most importantly, rhIL-7-hyFc increases infiltration of a CD62L+Ly108+ early progenitor population of exhausted CD8+ T cells (TPEX), which may retain long-term proliferation capacity and replenish functional effector CD8+ T cells. hIL-2/TCB2c induces differentiation of CD62L+Ly108+ TPEX rapidly into CD101+ terminally differentiated subsets (terminally exhausted T cell (TEX term)). Our study also demonstrates that rhIL-7-hyFc significantly enhances the proliferation rate of TPEX in the tdLNs, positively correlating with their abundance within the tumor. Moreover, rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c can overcome the limited therapeutic effectiveness of PD-1 blockade, culminating in the complete regression of tumors. CONCLUSIONS rhIL-7-hyFc can expand and maintain the progenitor pool of exhausted CD8+ T cells, whereas hIL-2/TCB2c promotes their differentiation into TEX term. Together, this induces an immune-stimulatory TME that improves the efficacy of checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Lee
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sun-Kyoung Im
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seungtae Baek
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Mankyu Ji
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seung Taek Ji
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | | | | | | | - Daeun Kim
- Selecxine, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech, Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea (the Republic of)
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Kwak S, Kim H, Kim KY, Oh DY, Lee D, Nam G, Lee JY. Neuroanatomical and neurocognitive correlates of delusion in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:89. [PMID: 38448803 PMCID: PMC10916051 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms and delusions are highly prevalent among people with dementia. However, multiple roots of neurobiological bases and shared neural basis of delusion and cognitive function remain to be characterized. By utilizing a fine-grained multivariable approach, we investigated distinct neuroanatomical correlates of delusion symptoms across a large population of dementing illnesses. METHODS In this study, 750 older adults with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease completed brain structural imaging and neuropsychological assessment. We utilized principal component analysis followed by varimax rotation to identify the distinct multivariate correlates of cortical thinning patterns. Five of the cognitive domains were assessed whether the general cognitive abilities mediate the association between cortical thickness and delusion. RESULTS The result showed that distributed thickness patterns of temporal and ventral insular cortex (component 2), inferior and lateral prefrontal cortex (component 1), and somatosensory-visual cortex (component 5) showed negative correlations with delusions. Subsequent mediation analysis showed that component 1 and 2, which comprises inferior frontal, anterior insula, and superior temporal regional thickness accounted for delusion largely through lower cognitive functions. Specifically, executive control function assessed with the Trail Making Test mediated the relationship between two cortical thickness patterns and delusions. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that multiple distinct subsets of brain regions underlie the delusions among older adults with cognitive impairment. Moreover, a neural loss may affect the occurrence of delusion in dementia largely due to impaired general cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun You Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Gieun Nam
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jung J, Kim G, Kang SW, Jeong S, Kang Y, Lee JY, Myung W, Kim H, Lee H. Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and injuries due to external causes according to intentions and mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169202. [PMID: 38097073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Although injuries are a leading cause of death and affect the life expectancy of individuals who live with disabilities globally, the potential role of air pollution exposure on injuries due to external causes has received little scientific attention, especially compared with that given to the association of air pollution and non-external causes of morbidity and mortality. We investigated the association between emergency department visits for externally caused injuries and short-term exposure to major ambient air pollutants, with focus on the intentions and mechanisms of injuries. We identified 2,049,855 injured patients in Seoul, South Korea between 2008 and 2016 using the National Emergency Database. Daily short-term exposure to air pollution including particles <10 μm (PM10) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) was estimated based on hourly concentrations. We employed a time-stratified case-crossover study design using a conditional Poisson regression model adjusted for meteorological variables, influenza epidemics, and holidays. Immediate exposure (lag 0) to most pollutants significantly increased the risk of total injuries (PM2.5, 0.42 %; NO2, 0.68 %; SO2, 1.05 %; CO, 0.57 %; O3, 1.86 % per interquartile range increment), and the associations differed according to the intention and mechanism of injury. Unintentional and assault injuries were significantly associated with air pollution exposure, whereas self-harm injuries showed no association. In mechanism-specific analyses, injuries caused by falls, blunt objects, penetration, traffic accidents, machinery, and slips were associated with specific air pollutants, even in the co-pollutant models. The associations were stronger in injured patients aged <15 years, and in males than in their counterparts. Our results suggest that short-term air pollution exposure might play a role in the risk of externally caused injuries and the association may differ depending on the intention and mechanism of injury, which provide important evidence for injury prevention and air quality strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Jung
- Clinical Trial Center, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea; Research Center for Chronic Disease and Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Gyeongchan Kim
- Department of Health Administration and Management, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Kang
- Department of Health Administration and Management, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea
| | - Subin Jeong
- Department of Health Administration and Management, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea
| | - Yoonjung Kang
- Department of Health Administration and Management, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea; Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea; Department of Software Convergence, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, South Korea.
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Chiang KS, Chang YM, Liu HI, Lee JY, Jarroudi ME, Bock CH. Survival Analysis as a Basis for Testing Hypotheses when Using Quantitative Ordinal Scale Disease Severity Data. Phytopathology 2024; 114:378-392. [PMID: 37606348 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-23-0055-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Disease severity in plant pathology is often measured by the amount of a plant or plant part that exhibits disease symptoms. This is typically assessed using a numerical scale, which allows a standardized, convenient, and quick method of rating. These scales, known as quantitative ordinal scales (QOS), divide the percentage scale into a predetermined number of intervals. There are various ways to analyze these ordinal data, with traditional methods involving the use of midpoint conversion to represent the interval. However, this may not be precise enough, as it is only an estimate of the true value. In this case, the data may be considered interval-censored, meaning that we have some knowledge of the value but not an exact measurement. This type of uncertainty is known as censoring, and techniques that address censoring, such as survival analysis (SA), use all available information and account for this uncertainty. To investigate the pros and cons of using SA with QOS measurements, we conducted a simulation based on three pathosystems. The results showed that SA almost always outperformed midpoint conversion with data analyzed using a t test, particularly when data were not normally distributed. Midpoint conversion is currently a standard procedure. In certain cases, the midpoint approach required a 400% increase in sample size to achieve the same power as the SA method. However, as the mean severity increases, fewer additional samples are needed (approximately an additional 100%), regardless of the assessment method used. Based on these findings, we conclude that SA is a valuable method for enhancing the power of hypothesis testing when analyzing QOS severity data. Future research should investigate the wider use of survival analysis techniques in plant pathology and their potential applications in the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Chiang
- Division of Biometrics, Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Y M Chang
- Department of Statistics, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - H I Liu
- Bachelor Program in Industrial Artificial Intelligence, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Statistics, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - M El Jarroudi
- University of Liège, Department of Environmental Sciences and Management, SPHERES Research Unit, Arlon, Belgium
| | - C H Bock
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008, U.S.A
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Kang JW, Jeon J, Lee JY, Jeon JH, Hong J. Surface-Wetting Characteristics of DLP-Based 3D Printing Outcomes under Various Printing Conditions for Microfluidic Device Fabrication. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 15:61. [PMID: 38258180 PMCID: PMC10820386 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, particularly a variant using digital light processing (DLP), has gained increasing fascination in the realm of microfluidic research because it has proven advantageous and expedient for constructing microscale 3D structures. The surface wetting characteristics (e.g., contact angle and contact angle hysteresis) of 3D-printed microstructures are crucial factors influencing the operational effectiveness of 3D-printed microfluidic devices. Therefore, this study systematically examines the surface wetting characteristics of DLP-based 3D printing objects, focusing on various printing conditions such as lamination (or layer) thickness and direction. We preferentially examine the impact of lamination thickness on the surface roughness of 3D-printed structures through a quantitative assessment using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The influence of lamination thicknesses and lamination direction on the contact angle and contact angle hysteresis of both aqueous and oil droplets on the surfaces of 3D-printed outputs is then quantified. Finally, the performance of a DLP 3D-printed microfluidic device under various printing conditions is assessed. Current research indicates a connection between printing parameters, surface roughness, wetting properties, and capillary movement in 3D-printed microchannels. This correlation will greatly aid in the progress of microfluidic devices produced using DLP-based 3D printing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiwoo Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.K.); (J.J.); (J.-Y.L.); (J.-H.J.)
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Hirschfeld LR, Deardorff R, Chumin EJ, Wu YC, McDonald BC, Cao S, Risacher SL, Yi D, Byun MS, Lee JY, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Nho K, Saykin AJ, Lee DY. White matter integrity is associated with cognition and amyloid burden in older adult Koreans along the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:218. [PMID: 38102714 PMCID: PMC10725037 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) microstructural changes in the hippocampal cingulum bundle (CBH) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been described in cohorts of largely European ancestry but are lacking in other populations. METHODS We assessed the relationship between CBH WM integrity and cognition or amyloid burden in 505 Korean older adults aged ≥ 55 years, including 276 cognitively normal older adults (CN), 142 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 87 AD patients, recruited as part of the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's disease (KBASE) at Seoul National University. RESULTS Compared to CN, AD and MCI subjects showed significantly higher RD, MD, and AxD values (all p-values < 0.001) and significantly lower FA values (left p ≤ 0.002, right p ≤ 0.015) after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. Most tests of cognition and mood (p < 0.001) as well as higher medial temporal amyloid burden (p < 0.001) were associated with poorer WM integrity in the CBH after Bonferroni adjustment. CONCLUSION These findings are consistent with patterns of WM microstructural damage previously reported in non-Hispanic White (NHW) MCI/AD cohorts, reinforcing existing evidence from predominantly NHW cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Hirschfeld
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Rachael Deardorff
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Evgeny J Chumin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Yu-Chien Wu
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Brenna C McDonald
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sha Cao
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, South Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
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10
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Kim KY, Ha J, Lee JY, Kim E. Weight loss and risk of dementia in individuals with versus without obesity. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5471-5481. [PMID: 37216633 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Using nationwide cohort data, we aimed to elucidate whether baseline obesity altered the relationship between loss in body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) and risk of dementia. METHODS Among 9689 participants whose BMIs and WCs were repeatedly measured over 1 year, 1:1 propensity score matching was conducted between participants with and without obesity (n = 2976 per group, mean age 70.9). For each group, we explored the association between loss in BMI, or WC, and incidence of dementia during an approximately 4-year follow-up period. RESULTS BMI loss was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease in participants without obesity; however, this association was absent in participants with obesity. WC loss was associated with decreased Alzheimer's disease risk only in participants with obesity. DISCUSSION Only unfavorable loss (loss from non-obese state) in BMI, not WC, can be a metabolic biomarker of prodromal dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun You Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kwon MJ, Lee S, Park J, Jo S, Han JW, Oh DJ, Lee JY, Park JH, Kim JH, Kim KW. Textural and Volumetric Changes of the Temporal Lobes in Semantic Variant Primary Progressive Aphasia and Alzheimer's Disease. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e316. [PMID: 37873627 PMCID: PMC10593601 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Texture analysis may capture subtle changes in the gray matter more sensitively than volumetric analysis. We aimed to investigate the patterns of neurodegeneration in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by comparing the temporal gray matter texture and volume between cognitively normal controls and older adults with svPPA and AD. METHODS We enrolled all participants from three university hospitals in Korea. We obtained T1-weighted magnetic resonance images and compared the gray matter texture and volume of regions of interest (ROIs) between the groups using analysis of variance with Bonferroni posthoc comparisons. We also developed models for classifying svPPA, AD and control groups using logistic regression analyses, and validated the models using receiver operator characteristics analysis. RESULTS Compared to the AD group, the svPPA group showed lower volumes in five ROIs (bilateral temporal poles, and the left inferior, middle, and superior temporal cortices) and higher texture in these five ROIs and two additional ROIs (right inferior temporal and left entorhinal cortices). The performances of both texture- and volume-based models were good and comparable in classifying svPPA from normal cognition (mean area under the curve [AUC] = 0.914 for texture; mean AUC = 0.894 for volume). However, only the texture-based model achieved a good level of performance in classifying svPPA and AD (mean AUC = 0.775 for texture; mean AUC = 0.658 for volume). CONCLUSION Texture may be a useful neuroimaging marker for early detection of svPPA in older adults and its differentiation from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subin Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungman Jo
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Jong Oh
- Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Hyuk Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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13
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Lee J, Kim BS, Hong JP, Cho SJ, Lee JY, Park JI, Jeon HJ, Chang SM. Temporal priority of lifetime alcohol use disorders and comorbid psychiatric disorders in adults: Results from a population-based nationwide survey in Korea. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:750-755. [PMID: 37437734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in Korea, few studies have been conducted on the temporal priority with comorbid mental disorders. We investigated the temporal priority of lifetime AUDs and comorbid mood and anxiety disorders among the general population of Korea. METHODS Data of 18,807 respondents aged 18 years or older, collected from three national epidemiological surveys comprising face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV mental disorders. For each mood or anxiety disorder, the extent to which one mental disorder precedes another was investigated by calculating the proportion of primary AUDs by that of primary mood or anxiety disorder. RESULTS Regarding alcohol dependence, dysthymic disorder is 5.6 times more likely to occur before alcohol dependence. Moreover, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and specific phobia are 3.6 times, 4.5 times, and 6.3 times more likely to occur before, respectively. Regarding alcohol abuse, specific phobia is 6.3 times more likely to occur before, whereas major depressive disorder is two times more likely to occur after. Moreover, the lag times between primary alcohol abuse and subsequent mood or anxiety disorders were longer than those between primary alcohol dependence and the latter. LIMITATIONS The age of onset might be subject to recall bias. The presence of non-respondents could have influenced the results. CONCLUSION We need to recognize that one of the mental disorders could lead to another and consider it in the management of people with AUDs or mood and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Man Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
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14
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Lee JY, Dess RT, Zelefsky MJ, Davis BJ, Horwitz EM, Cooperberg MR, Zaorsky NG, Jia AY, Sandler HM, Efstathiou JA, Pisansky TM, Hall E, Tree A, Roy S, Bolla M, Nabid A, Zapatero A, Kishan AU, Spratt DE, Sun Y. Individual Patient Data Analysis of 17 Randomized Trials vs. Real-World Data for Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e404-e405. [PMID: 37785347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Prior work has demonstrated poor correlation between the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence (RWD). However, patients enrolled in RCTs are often considered to poorly represent the real-world population. Herein, we utilize multiple large data repositories to determine differences in baseline characteristics and long-term outcomes between patients enrolled in RCTs and RWD that received radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS Meta-Analysis of Randomized trials in Cancer of the Prostate (MARCAP) Consortium was leveraged, and 17 phase III randomized trials were included. RWD were accessed through the Staging Collaboration for Cancer of the Prostate (STAR-CAP) cohort, a cohort that is comprised of >60 centers across the United States and Europe. Additionally, RWD was assessed via the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. MARCAP and STAR-CAP both contain outcomes for distant metastasis (DM), metastasis-free survival (MFS), prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), and overall survival (OS). SEER only contains PCSM and OS. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and chi-square test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was conducted, balancing for age, PSA, Gleason score, T stage, and treatment year in the three cohorts. Cox and Fine-Gray regression models were used to compare disease outcomes between RCTs vs. RWD. RESULTS Data from 10,666 patients from RCTs, 6,530 patients in STAR-CAP, and 117,586 patients in SEER were included. SEER patients were slightly younger (p<0.001, median age 68 (IQR 62-73) than those in RCTs (70, IQR 65-74) and in STAR-CAP (70, IQR 64-74). 10-year OS in RCTs was 65.4%, STAR-CAP 70.2%, SEER 64.1%. OS was superior in STAR-CAP (RCTs as reference; HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.96, p<0.0001), but there was no significant difference between SEER and RCTs (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.91-1.02, p = 0.22). 10-year PCSM cumulative incidence was 7.4% in RCTs, 8.1% in STAR-CAP, and 11.0% in SEER. There was no significant difference in PCSM between STAR-CAP RWD and RCTs (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78-1.01, p = 0.08), whereas PCSM was worse in SEER than RCTs (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.21-1.55, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in DM between STAR-CAP RWD and RCTs (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83-1.04, p = 0.2). CONCLUSION While baseline differences exist in patients enrolled on localized prostate cancer RCTs and real-world datasets, there were small if any significant relative differences in oncologic outcomes. This provides reassurance that RCT results are generally applicable to patients in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - R T Dess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M J Zelefsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - B J Davis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - E M Horwitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M R Cooperberg
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - N G Zaorsky
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Y Jia
- Weill Cornell Medical College/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - H M Sandler
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - T M Pisansky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - E Hall
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Tree
- Radiotherapy and Imaging Division, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Roy
- Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, IL
| | - M Bolla
- Department of Radiation Oncology. CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - A Nabid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - A Zapatero
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - A U Kishan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - D E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Y Sun
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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15
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Scior K, Patel M, Goldsmith-Sumner A, Hayden N, Lee JY, Lunsky Y, Osborne M, Richardson L, Stewart-Brown S, Hastings RP. Development and initial psychometric properties of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale-Intellectual Disability version. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:893-900. [PMID: 37129069 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS; Tennant et al., 2007) is yet to be validated in the intellectual disability (ID) population. The aim of this study was to report the development process and assess the psychometric properties of a newly adapted version of the WEMWBS and the Short WEMWBS for individuals with mild to moderate IDs (WEMWBS-ID/SWEMWBS-ID). METHOD The WEMWBS item wordings and response options were revised by clinicians and researchers expert in the field of ID, and a visual aid was added to the scale. The adapted version was reviewed by 10 individuals with IDs. The measure was administered by researchers online using screenshare, to individuals aged 16+ years with mild to moderate IDs. Data from three UK samples were collated to evaluate the WEMWBS-ID (n = 96). A subsample (n = 22) completed the measure again 1 to 2 weeks later to assess test-retest reliability, and 95 participants additionally completed an adapted version of the adapted Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to examine convergent validity. Additional data from a Canadian sample (n = 27) were used to evaluate the SWEMWBS-ID (n = 123). RESULTS The WEMWBS-ID demonstrated good internal consistency (ω = 0.77-0.87), excellent test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = .88] and good convergent validity with the self-esteem scale (r = .48-.60) across samples. A confirmatory factor analysis for a single factor model demonstrated an adequate fit. The SWEMWBS-ID showed poor to good internal consistency (ω = 0.36-0.74), moderate test-retest reliability (ICC = .67) and good convergent validity (r = .48-.60) across samples, and a confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit for a single factor structure. CONCLUSIONS The WEMWBS-ID and short version demonstrated promising psychometric properties, when administered virtually by a researcher. Further exploration of the scales with larger, representative samples is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Goldsmith-Sumner
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Hayden
- CEDAR, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Y Lunsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Osborne
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - L Richardson
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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16
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Lee JY. Consent and the problem of epistemic injustice in obstetric care. J Med Ethics 2023; 49:618-619. [PMID: 37344201 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn 1017, Denmark
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Heo E, Jeong Y, Heo KN, Kim H, Kang HR, Park SK, Lee JY. Impact of β-lactam allergies on antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and economic costs in patients receiving surgical prophylactic antibiotics. J Hosp Infect 2023; 139:249-250. [PMID: 37286106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Heo
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - K N Heo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Kang
- Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Park
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY. Who should provide the uterus? The ethics of live donor recruitment for uterus transplantation. J Med Ethics 2023:jme-2023-109227. [PMID: 37640534 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Uterus transplantation (UTx) is an experimental surgery likely to face the issue of organ shortage. In my article, I explore how this issue might be addressed by changing the prevailing practices around live uterus donor recruitment. Currently, women with children - often the mothers of recipients - tend to be overrepresented as donors. Yet, other potentially eligible groups who may have an interest in providing their uterus - such as transgender men, or cisgender women who do not wish to gestate or to have children - tend to be excluded as potential donors. Moving forward, I recommend that donor inclusion criteria for UTx be broadened to be more inclusive of these latter groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn 1172, Denmark
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Kim H, Kwak S, Yoo SY, Lee EC, Park S, Ko H, Bae M, Seo M, Nam G, Lee JY. Facial Expressions Track Depressive Symptoms in Old Age. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7080. [PMID: 37631616 PMCID: PMC10459725 DOI: 10.3390/s23167080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Facial expressions play a crucial role in the diagnosis of mental illnesses characterized by mood changes. The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is a comprehensive framework that systematically categorizes and captures even subtle changes in facial appearance, enabling the examination of emotional expressions. In this study, we investigated the association between facial expressions and depressive symptoms in a sample of 59 older adults without cognitive impairment. Utilizing the FACS and the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II, we analyzed both "posed" and "spontaneous" facial expressions across six basic emotions: happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust. Through principal component analysis, we summarized 17 action units across these emotion conditions. Subsequently, multiple regression analyses were performed to identify specific facial expression features that explain depressive symptoms. Our findings revealed several distinct features of posed and spontaneous facial expressions. Specifically, among older adults with higher depressive symptoms, a posed face exhibited a downward and inward pull at the corner of the mouth, indicative of sadness. In contrast, a spontaneous face displayed raised and narrowed inner brows, which was associated with more severe depressive symptoms in older adults. These findings suggest that facial expressions can provide valuable insights into assessing depressive symptoms in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Chul Lee
- Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-Gil 20, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Soowon Park
- Division of Teacher Education, College of General Education for Truth, Sincerity and Love, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Ko
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Bae
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myogyeong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Gieun Nam
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
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20
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Kwon HJ, Jang J, Koh WG, Lee JY, Hwang K. Ductile Effect of PGA/PCL Blending Plastics Using a Novel Ionic Chain Extender with Non-Covalent Bonds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3025. [PMID: 37514415 PMCID: PMC10385193 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is a promising polymer in the packaging field owing to its excellent hydrolysis, heat resistance, and gas barrier properties, but it is limited in application due to its poor toughness. For this reason, a covalently bonded chain extender is introduced to increase compatibility with flexible polymers. However, covalent bonds are unfavorable for application to degradable plastics because of the energy required for reverse reactions. Therefore, we intended to effectively control the ductility of blending plastics by using a novel ionic chain extender with a relatively weaker non-covalent bond than the existing covalent bond. Polycaprolactone (PCL), which has biodegradability and flexibility, was selected as a blending polymer. For comparison, a covalently reactive chain extender (G-CE) and a non-covalently ionic chain extender (D-CE) were synthesized and compounded with blending plastics. Each chain extender improved the compatibility between PGA and PCL, and the ductility of the PGA/PCL blending plastics was more greatly enhanced with non-covalently bonded D-CE than with covalently bonded G-CE. At this time, the ductility of the PGA/PCL(90/10) blending plastic without CE was 7.2%, the ductility of blending plastic with D-CE (10D) was 26.6%, and the ductility of blending plastic with G-CE (10G) was 18.6%. Therefore, it was confirmed that the novel ionic chain extender inducing non-covalent bonds improves the compatibility between PGA and PCL and is more advantageous in enhancing ductility through a reversible reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Jang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiseob Hwang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
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Ryu IS, Kim DH, Ro JY, Park BG, Kim SH, Im JY, Lee JY, Yoon SJ, Kang H, Iwatsubo T, Teunissen CE, Cho HJ, Ryu JH. The microRNA-485-3p concentration in salivary exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles is related to amyloid β deposition in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Clin Biochem 2023:110603. [PMID: 37355215 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive long-term memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Neuroimaging tests for abnormal amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition are considered the most reliable methods for the diagnosis of AD; however, the cost for such testing is very high and generally not covered by national insurance systems. Accordingly, it is only recommended for individuals exhibiting clinical symptoms of AD supported by clinical cognitive assessments. Recently, it was suggested that dysregulated microRNA-485-3p (miRNA-485-3p) in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid is closely related to pathogenesis of AD. However, a relationship between circulating miRNA-485-3p in salivary exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles (EE-EV) and Aβ deposition in the brain has not been observed. DESIGN & METHODS Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed miRNA-485-3p concentration in salivary EE-EV. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate its predictive value for Aβ positron emission tomography (Aβ-PET) positivity in patients with AD. RESULTS Our results showed that the miRNA-485-3p concentration in salivary EE-EV isolated from patients with AD was significantly increased compared with that in the healthy controls (p<0.0001). In the analysis of all participants, the miRNA-485-3p concentration was significantly increased in Aβ-PET-positive participants compared to Aβ-PET-negative participants (p<0.0001). Further analysis using only AD patients also showed that the miRNA-485-3p concentration was significantly increased in Aβ-PET-positive AD patients vs. Aβ-PET-negative AD patients (p=0.0063). The ROC curve analysis for differentiating Aβ-PET-positive and negative participants showed that the area under the curve for miRNA-485-3p was 0.9217. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that the miRNA-485-3p concentration in salivary EE-EV was closely related to Aβ deposition in the brain and had high diagnostic accuracy for predicting Aβ-PET positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Soo Ryu
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Kim
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Ju-Ye Ro
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Gyu Park
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Kim
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Jong-Yeop Im
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Borame Medical Center 20, Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, 95, Dunsanseo-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35233, South Korea
| | - Heeyoung Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081, Netherlands
| | - Hyun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Hyeob Ryu
- BIORCHESTRA Co. Ltd., 17, Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34013, South Korea; BIORCHESTRA US., Inc., 1 Kendall square, Building 200, Suite 2-103, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
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22
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Hyung J, Lee JY, Kim JE, Yoon S, Yoo C, Hong YS, Jeong JH, Kim TW, Jeon S, Jun HR, Jung CK, Jang JP, Kim J, Chun SM, Ahn JH. Safety and efficacy of trastuzumab biosimilar plus irinotecan or gemcitabine in patients with previously treated HER2 (ERBB2)-positive non-breast/non-gastric solid tumors: a phase II basket trial with circulating tumor DNA analysis. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101583. [PMID: 37327700 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (ERBB2)-directed agents are standard treatments for patients with HER2-positive breast and gastric cancer. Herein, we report the results of an open-label, single-center, phase II basket trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab biosimilar (Samfenet®) plus treatment of physician's choice for patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced solid tumors, along with biomarker analysis employing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing. METHODS Patients with HER2-positive unresectable or metastatic non-breast, non-gastric solid tumors who failed at least one prior treatment were included in this study conducted at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Patients received trastuzumab combined with irinotecan or gemcitabine at the treating physicians' discretion. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate as per RECIST version 1.1. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and at the time of disease progression for ctDNA analysis. RESULTS Twenty-three patients were screened from 31 December 2019 to 17 September 2021, and 20 were enrolled in this study. Their median age was 64 years (30-84 years), and 13 patients (65.0%) were male. The most common primary tumor was hepatobiliary cancer (seven patients, 35.0%), followed by colorectal cancer (six patients, 30.0%). Among 18 patients with an available response evaluation, the objective response rate was 11.1% (95% confidence interval 3.1% to 32.8%). ERBB2 amplification was detected from ctDNA analysis of baseline plasma samples in 85% of patients (n = 17), and the ERBB2 copy number from ctDNA analysis showed a significant correlation with the results from tissue sequencing. Among 16 patients with post-progression ctDNA analysis, 7 (43.8%) developed new alterations. None of the patients discontinued the study due to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab plus irinotecan or gemcitabine was safe and feasible for patients with previously treated HER2-positive advanced solid tumors with modest efficacy outcomes, and ctDNA analysis was useful for detecting HER2 amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hyung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Yoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Jeon
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - H R Jun
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | | | | | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Chun
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.
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23
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Lee S, Byun MS, Yi D, Kim MJ, Jung JH, Kong N, Jung G, Ahn H, Lee JY, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee YS, Kim YK, Lee DY. Body mass index and two-year change of in vivo Alzheimer's disease pathologies in cognitively normal older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:108. [PMID: 37312229 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low body mass index (BMI) or underweight status in late life is associated with an increased risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between late-life BMI and prospective longitudinal changes of in-vivo AD pathology has not been investigated. METHODS This prospective longitudinal study was conducted as part of the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE). A total of 194 cognitive normal older adults were included in the analysis. BMI at baseline was measured, and two-year changes in brain Aβ and tau deposition on PET imaging were used as the main outcomes. Linear mixed-effects (LME) models were used to examine the relationships between late-life BMI and longitudinal change in AD neuropathological biomarkers. RESULTS A lower BMI at baseline was significantly associated with a greater increase in tau deposition in AD-signature region over 2 years (β, -0.018; 95% CI, -0.028 to -0.004; p = .008), In contrast, BMI was not related to two-year changes in global Aβ deposition (β, 0.0002; 95% CI, -0.003 to 0.002, p = .671). An additional exploratory analysis for each sex showed lower baseline BMI was associated with greater increases in tau deposition in males (β, -0.027; 95% CI, -0.046 to -0.009; p = 0.007), but not in females. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that lower BMI in late-life may predict or contribute to the progression of tau pathology over the subsequent years in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nowon Eulji University Hospital, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeong Kong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Bae M, Seo MG, Ko H, Ham H, Kim KY, Lee JY. The efficacy of memory load on speech-based detection of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1186786. [PMID: 37333455 PMCID: PMC10272350 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1186786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aims to test whether an increase in memory load could improve the efficacy in detection of Alzheimer's disease and prediction of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Methods Speech from 45 mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease patients and 44 healthy older adults were collected using three speech tasks with varying memory loads. We investigated and compared speech characteristics of Alzheimer's disease across speech tasks to examine the effect of memory load on speech characteristics. Finally, we built Alzheimer's disease classification models and MMSE prediction models to assess the diagnostic value of speech tasks. Results The speech characteristics of Alzheimer's disease in pitch, loudness, and speech rate were observed and the high-memory-load task intensified such characteristics. The high-memory-load task outperformed in AD classification with an accuracy of 81.4% and MMSE prediction with a mean absolute error of 4.62. Discussion The high-memory-load recall task is an effective method for speech-based Alzheimer's disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Bae
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myo-Gyeong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Ko
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsun Ham
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun You Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Lim JH, Lee JY, Kim BR, Jo S, Cha DH, Lee HJ, Jung GH. Differences in Pilon Fractures According to Ipsilateral Fibular Injury Patterns: A Clinical Computed Tomography-Based Mapping Study. Clin Orthop Surg 2023; 15:358-366. [PMID: 37274505 PMCID: PMC10232312 DOI: 10.4055/cios22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preoperative verification of fracture morphology is essential for determining the definitive fixation strategy in the management of a pilon fracture. This study aimed to determine the correlation between fibular injury patterns and fracture morphologies and introduce clinical implications. Methods Computed tomography scans of 96 pilon fractures were retrospectively analyzed and divided into three types: intact fibula, simple fracture, and multifragment fracture. The principal fracture line and comminution zones were illustrated on a plafond template and diagrammatized on a 6 × 6 grid using PowerPoint software as fracture mapping. Correlations between fibular injury patterns and fracture morphologies, including comminution zones and principal fracture lines, were analyzed. Results The thickest comminution zone was most often located in the anterolateral quadrant. According to fibular injury patterns, the comminution zone of the multifragment group was placed two grids more lateral than that of other groups. Lateral exits of the principal fracture line in the multifragment group were much more concentrated within the fibular incisura. Conclusions In pilon fractures, a more complex fibular fracture pattern was related to the valgus position. Moreover, the articular fracture pattern of pilon fractures differed according to coronal angulation and fibular fracture pattern. These differences should influence the operative approach and placement of the plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hwan Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gwangju Suwan Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ba-Rom Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Suenghwan Jo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Cha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jun Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gu-Hee Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
- Medical ICT Convergence Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
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26
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Lee JY, Patel M, Scior K. Self-esteem and its relationship with depression and anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic literature review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:499-518. [PMID: 36855028 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, low self-esteem has been linked with poorer mental and physical health. This systematic literature review aimed to summarise and evaluate the findings of studies that examined self-esteem in adults with intellectual disabilities and links with mental health outcomes. METHOD A systematic search of PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies published between 1990 and 2021. The studies were appraised using the QualSyst tool. RESULTS Twenty-six articles were identified of which two studies were removed from the review due to low quality. Studies reported mixed evidence regarding levels of self-esteem compared with the general population. Engagement in activities appeared to be linked with positive self-esteem, and perception of negative interpersonal life events as having a negative impact was associated with lower self-esteem. There was evidence of co-occurrence of low self-esteem and depression, but no studies examined the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety. CONCLUSION Reviewed studies provided mixed evidence on levels of self-esteem in this population, suggesting that factors such as engagement in life were related to higher self-esteem and demonstrating the co-occurrence of low self-esteem and depression. However, clear causal links have yet to be identified, and more research is needed using longitudinal designs to answer questions about trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Patel M, Lee JY, Scior K. Psychometric properties of measures designed to assess common mental health problems and wellbeing in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:397-414. [PMID: 36808653 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple measures of mental health problems and mental wellbeing for adults with intellectual disabilities are available, but investigations into their reliability and validity are still in the early stages. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an update to previous evaluations of measures of common mental health problems and wellbeing in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (ID). METHODS A systematic search was performed across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS). The literature search was limited to the years from 2009 to 2021 and to the original English versions. Ten papers evaluating nine measures were reviewed, and the psychometric properties of these measures were discussed using the Characteristics of Assessment Instructions for Psychiatric Disorders in Persons with Intellectual Developmental Disorders as a framework. RESULTS Four measures had at least one rating of 'good' across both dimensions of reliability and at least one dimension of validity and were deemed to have promising psychometric properties: the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Learning Disabilities, Impact of Events Scale-Intellectual Disabilities, Lancaster and Northgate Trauma Scales and Self-Assessment and Intervention (self-report section). Additionally, these measures were developed through consultations with mental health professionals and/or people with IDs and thus were deemed to have good content validity. CONCLUSIONS This review informs measurement choice for researchers and clinicians while highlighting a need for continued research efforts into the quality of measures available for people with IDs. The results were limited by incomplete psychometric evaluations of measures available. A paucity of psychometrically robust measures of mental wellbeing was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patel
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Y Lee
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Scior
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Hirschfeld LR, Deardorff R, Chumin EJ, Wu YC, McDonald BC, Cao S, Risacher SL, Yi D, Byun MS, Lee JY, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Nho K, Saykin AJ, Lee DY. White matter integrity is associated with cognition and amyloid burden in older adult Koreans along the Alzheimer's disease continuum. medRxiv 2023:2023.04.05.23288147. [PMID: 37066317 PMCID: PMC10104207 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.23288147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) microstructural changes in the hippocampal cingulum bundle (CBH) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been described in cohorts of largely European ancestry but are lacking in other populations. METHODS We assessed the relationship between CBH WM integrity and cognition or amyloid burden in 505 Korean older adults aged ≥55 years, including 276 cognitively normal older adults (CN), 142 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 87 AD, recruited as part of the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's disease (KBASE) at Seoul National University. RESULTS Compared to CN, AD and MCI subjects showed decreased WM integrity in the bilateral CBH. Cognition, mood, and higher amyloid burden were also associated with poorer WM integrity in the CBH. CONCLUSION These findings are consistent with patterns of WM microstructural damage previously reported in non-Hispanic White (NHW) MCI/AD cohorts, reinforcing existing evidence from predominantly NHW cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rose Hirschfeld
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Rachael Deardorff
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Evgeny J Chumin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA, 47405
| | - Yu-Chien Wu
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Brenna C McDonald
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Sha Cao
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 03080
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, 03080
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 03080
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 03080
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, 07061
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, 07061
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, 03080
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, 03080
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA, 46202
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 03080
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, 03080
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 03080
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Kwak S, Shin SA, Ko H, Kim H, Oh DJ, Youn JH, Lee JY, Kim YK. Erratum: A Comparison Between the Performances of Verbal and Nonverbal Fluency Tests in Discriminating Between Mild Cognitive Impairments and Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Their Brain Morphological Correlates. Dement Neurocogn Disord 2023; 22:85. [PMID: 37179692 PMCID: PMC10166678 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2023.22.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article on p. 17 in vol. 21, PMID: 35154337.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seong A Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Jong Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hae Youn
- Department of Art Therapy & Counseling Psychology, CHA University, Pocheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Han S, Lee JY, Cho SI, Oh DJ, Yoon DH. Risk Factors for Various Cognitive Function Decline Trajectories in Adults Over 40 Years of Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:293-300. [PMID: 37005386 PMCID: PMC10151656 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of our study were to identify distinct trajectories of cognitive function using the group-based trajectory model. We also investigate which demographic factors act as risk factors for cognitive decline in each group. METHODS The data from the Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, from 2005 to 2019. The number of study subjects was 637. We used a group-based model to identify cognitive function trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to define risk factors for cognitive function decline. RESULTS The cognitive function trajectories among adults over 40 years of age were heterogeneous. We identified four trajectories: high (27.3%), medium (41.0%), low (22.7%), and rapid decline (9.1%). Older age, male, low educational level, bad dietary habits, diabetes mellitus, technical worker, and lower income increased the likelihood of a cognitive function decline. CONCLUSION A younger age, a higher educational level, professional worker, good dietary habits, no diabetes mellitus, and no obesity improved cognitive function. A combination of these factors can improve "cognitive reserve" and delay cognitive decline. Interventions to prevent cognitive decline are needed after identification of high-risk groups for cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Han
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jong Oh
- Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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31
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Moon SW, Byun MS, Yi D, Kim MJ, Jung JH, Kong N, Jung G, Ahn H, Lee JY, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Kim YK, Lee DY. Low Ankle-Brachial Index Relates to Alzheimer-Signature Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Cognitively Impaired Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:87-95. [PMID: 36938732 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankle-brachial index (ABI), an indicator of atherosclerosis or arterial stiffness, has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and related cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, only limited information is available regarding its contribution to brain alterations leading to cognitive decline in late-life. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship of ABI with in vivo AD pathologies and cerebrovascular injury in cognitively impaired older adults. METHODS Total 127 cognitively impaired (70 mild cognitive impairment and 57 AD dementia) individuals, who participated in an ongoing prospective cohort study, were included. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment, ABI measurement, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 genotyping, and multi-modal brain imaging including [11C] Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB)-positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F] fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, and MRI. RESULTS General linear model analysis showed significant relationship between ABI strata (low ABI: <1.00, normal ABI: 1.00-1.29, and high ABI: ≥1.30) and AD-signature region cerebral glucose metabolism (AD-CM), even after controlling age, sex, clinical dementia rating-sum of box, and APOE ɛ4 positivity (p = 0.029). Post hoc comparison revealed that low ABI had significantly lower AD-CM than middle and high ABI, while no difference of AD-CM was found between middle and high ABI. There was no significant difference of global Aβ deposition, AD-signature region cortical thickness, and white matter hyperintensity volume between the three ABI strata. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lower ABI, likely related to atherosclerosis, may contribute to the aggravation of AD-related regional neurodegeneration in cognitively impaired older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Woo Moon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeong Kong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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32
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Lee JY. Surrogacy: beyond the commercial/altruistic distinction. J Med Ethics 2023; 49:196-199. [PMID: 35314464 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, I critique the commonly accepted distinction between commercial and altruistic surrogacy arrangements. The moral legitimacy of surrogacy, I claim, does not hinge on whether it is paid ('commercial') or unpaid ('altruistic'); rather, it is best determined by appraisal of virtue-abiding conditions constitutive of the surrogacy arrangement. I begin my article by problematising the prevailing commercial/altruistic distinction; next, I demonstrate that an assessment of the virtue-abiding or non-virtue-abiding features of a surrogacy is crucial to navigating questions about the moral legitimacy of surrogacy; in the final part, I reject other moral heuristics that might be proposed as alternatives to the commercial/altruistic dichotomy, and reiterate that a virtue-ethical framework is the most suitable way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kwak S, Kim H, Oh DJ, Jeon YJ, Oh DY, Park SM, Lee JY. Lower cognitive function attenuates the convergence between self-ratings and observer ratings of depressive symptoms in late-life cognitive impairment. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2898. [PMID: 36756689 PMCID: PMC10013952 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assessment of depressive symptoms in older adults is challenging especially in the presence of risks in cognitive impairment. We aimed to examine whether the convergence between two measures of depressive symptoms (self-report and observer ratings) is affected by varying levels of cognitive function in older adults. METHODS Self-reported scale of depression, informant-based rating of affective symptoms, and global cognitive function were assessed in 2533 older adults with no impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. The strength of rank-order correlation between the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and behavioral ratings of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was examined as the metric of convergent validity. RESULTS The results showed that the strength of convergence between the two measurements gradually decreased as a function of lowered cognitive function. Overall tendency showed that diagnoses of cognitive impairment and lower levels of cognitive function were associated with lower correspondence between the two depression measurements. The loss of convergent validity is especially evident in the behavioral symptom of apathy. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing self-report scales of depression in older adults requires a cautious approach even with minimal or mild levels of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jong Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Ju Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Mi Park
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kang H, Lee EB, Lee S, Go TH, Lee JY, Lee SH, Song SA, Lim HK, Hong SP. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increase the risk of bullous pemphigoid in older patients with diabetes: A retrospective analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36799763 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - E B Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - T-H Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S A Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - H K Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-P Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Ha J, Kwak S, Kim KY, Kim H, Cho SY, Kim M, Lee JY, Kim E. Relationship Between Adipokines, Cognition, and Brain Structures in Old Age Depending on Obesity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:120-128. [PMID: 35137074 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin are associated with cognitive function. Although adiposity crucially affects adipokine levels, it remains unclear whether the relationship between adipokines and cognition is influenced by obesity. METHODS We enrolled 171 participants and divided them into participants with obesity and without obesity to explore the effect of obesity on the relationship between adipokines and cognition. In addition to plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin, multidomain cognitive functions and brain structures were assessed using neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. Association between levels of these adipokines and Alzheimer's disease (AD) was then assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS We found that cognitive function was negatively associated with leptin levels and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR). Such correlations between leptin and cognitive domains were prominent in participants with obesity but were not observed in those without obesity. Leptin levels were associated with lower hippocampal volumes in participants with obesity. A significant interaction of leptin and obesity was found mostly in the medial temporal lobe. Both leptin and LAR were positively associated with insulin resistance and inflammation markers in all participants. Of note, LAR was associated with a higher risk of AD after adjusting for demographic variables, Apolipoprotein E genotype, and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Obesity might be a factor that determines how adipokines affect brain structure and cognition. Leptin resistance might influence the relationship between adipokines and cognition. In addition, LAR rather than each adipokine levels alone may be a better indicator of AD risk in older adults with metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Pusan National University, Department of Psychology, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun You Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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36
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Yoon EJ, Lee JY, Kwak S, Kim YK. Mild behavioral impairment linked to progression to Alzheimer's disease and cortical thinning in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1051621. [PMID: 36688162 PMCID: PMC9846631 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1051621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is a neurobehavioral syndrome characterized by later life emergence of sustained neuropsychiatric symptoms, as an at-risk state for dementia. However, the associations between MBI and a risk of progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its neuroanatomical correlates in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are still unclear. Method A total 1,184 older adults with amnestic MCI was followed for a mean of 3.1 ± 2.0 years. MBI was approximated using a transformation algorithm for the Neuropsychiatric Inventory at baseline. A two-step cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups of individuals with amnestic MCI based on profiles of 5 MBI domain symptoms (decreased motivation, affective dysregulation, impulse dyscontrol, social inappropriateness, abnormal perception/thought content). A Cox regression analysis was applied to investigate differences in the risk of progression to AD between subgroups. A subset of participants (n = 202) underwent 3D T1-weighted MRI scans at baseline and cortical thickness was compared between the subgroups of amnestic MCI patients. Result The cluster analysis classified the patients into 3 groups: (1) patients without any MBI domain symptoms (47.4%, asymptomatic group); (2) those with only affective dysregulation (29.4%, affective dysregulation group); (3) those with multiple MBI domain symptoms, particularly affective dysregulation, decreased motivation and impulse dyscontrol (23.2%, complex group). Compared to the asymptomatic group, the complex group was associated with a higher risk of progression to AD (hazard ratio = 2.541 [1.904-3.392], p < 0.001), but the affective dysregulation group was not (1.214 [0.883-1.670], p = 0.232). In cortical thickness analysis, the complex group revealed cortical thinning bilaterally in the inferior parietal, lateral occipital, lateral superior temporal, and frontopolar regions compared with the affective dysregulation group. Conclusion The multiple co-occuring MBI domains in individuals with amnestic MCI are associated with a higher risk of progression to AD and cortical thinning in temporal, parietal and frontal areas. These results suggest that evaluation of MBI could be useful for risk stratification for AD and appropriate intervention in MCI individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Yoon
- Memory Network Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Yu Kyeong Kim,
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Jeon SY, Byun MS, Yi D, Jung G, Lee JY, Kim YK, Sohn CH, Kang KM, Lee YJ, Lee DY. Circadian rest-activity rhythm and longitudinal brain changes underlying late-life cognitive decline. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 77:205-212. [PMID: 36527292 PMCID: PMC10360409 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The neurobiological substrates underlying the relationship of circadian rest-activity rhythm (RAR) alteration with accelerated late-life cognitive decline are not clearly understood. In the present study, the longitudinal relationship of objectively measured circadian RAR with in vivo Alzheimer disease (AD) pathologies and cerebrovascular injury was investigated in older adults without dementia. METHODS The present study included 129 participants without dementia who participated in the KBASE (Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease) cohort. All participants underwent actigraphy at baseline and two consecutive [11 C] Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography (PET), [18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline and at a 2-year follow-up assessment. The associations of circadian RAR with annualized change in neuroimaging measures including global amyloid-beta retention, AD-signature region cerebral glucose metabolism (AD-CM), and white matter hyperintensity volume were examined. RESULTS Delayed acrophase at baseline was significantly associated with greater annualized decline of AD-CM over a 2-year period, but not with that of other neuroimaging measures. In contrast, other circadian RAR parameters at baseline had no association with annualized change of any neuroimaging measures. Annualized decline of AD-CM was also significantly positively associated with the annual change in MMSE scores. Furthermore, a mediation analysis showed that greater reduction in AD-CM mediated the effect of delayed acrophase at baseline on faster decline of MMSE score. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that delayed acrophase in late life may cause or predict hypometabolism at AD-signature brain regions, which underlies cognitive decline in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medcine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee NK, Won SJ, Lee JY, Kang SB, Yoo SY, Chang CB. Presence of Night Pain, Neuropathic Pain, or Depressive Disorder Does Not Adversely Affect Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e309. [PMID: 36345255 PMCID: PMC9641149 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable proportion of patients warranting total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have night pain, neuropathic pain, and/or depressive disorder, which may not be resolved by TKA. This prospective, longitudinal cohort study aimed to document the prevalence of night pain, neuropathic pain, and depressive disorder in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis undergoing TKA and to determine whether the specific coexisting pain and/or disorder at the time of TKA adversely affected postoperative outcomes. METHODS In this study, 148 patients undergoing TKA were longitudinally evaluated. The presence of night pain, neuropathic pain (determined using Douleur Neuropathique 4 [DN4]) and depressive disorder (determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) was determined before and 6 weeks, 3 months and 1 year after TKA. In addition, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) scores were assessed before and 1 year after TKA. Potential associations of night pain, neuropathic pain, and/or depressive disorder with pre- and postoperative WOMAC and EQ-5D scores were examined in subgroup analyses. RESULTS Preoperatively, 72% (n = 106) of patients reported night pain, and the prevalences of neuropathic pain and depressive disorder were 15% and 17%, respectively. Preoperatively, compared with patients without night pain, those with night pain had significantly poorer preoperative WOMAC scores, but no significant difference was seen between groups 1 year after TKA. Preoperatively, the WOMAC, EQ-5D, and EQ-5D health scores of patients with neuropathic pain were not significantly different from those of patients without neuropathic pain, and there was no difference in clinical outcome scores 1 year after TKA between these groups. Preoperatively, the patients with depressive disorder showed significantly poorer preoperative WOMAC, EQ-5D, and EQ-5D health scores than those without depressive disorder, but no significant differences in scores were observed 1 year after TKA between these groups. CONCLUSION This study revealed a considerable prevalence of night pain, neuropathic pain, and depressive disorder in patients undergoing TKA and that patients with these specific conditions reported poorer functional and quality of life scores preoperatively. However, such adverse effects disappeared after TKA. Our study findings suggest that TKA can provide satisfactory outcomes for patients with these specific conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Samuel Jaeyoon Won
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Baik Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Chong Bum Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim JW, Byun MS, Yi D, Lee JH, Sung K, Han D, Byeon G, Kim MJ, Jung JH, Chang YY, Jung G, Lee JY, Lee YS, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Association of low meal frequency with decreased in vivo Alzheimer’s pathology. iScience 2022; 25:105422. [PMID: 36388975 PMCID: PMC9646955 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the association between meal frequency and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in humans. We tested the hypothesis that low meal frequency (LMF) is associated with reduced in vivo AD pathology in human brain, and additionally investigated the mediation of serum ghrelin, a hunger-related hormone, for the association. A total of 411 non-demented older adults were systematically interviewed to identify their dietary patterns including meal frequency and underwent multi-modal neuroimaging for cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition, glucose metabolism, and cerebrovascular injury. LMF (less than three meals a day) was significantly associated with lower Aβ deposition compared to high meal frequency (HMF). In addition, both LMF and reduced Aβ deposition were significantly related to elevated serum ghrelin. Our findings suggest that LMF may be related to the lower risk of AD through reduced brain amyloid deposition. Additionally, ghrelin appears mediate the association between LMF and lower amyloid deposition. Low meal frequency (LMF) relates to lower brain amyloid deposition in human Ghrelin mediates the association between LMF and lower amyloid deposition LMF may decrease the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by reducing amyloid deposition This finding may be a clue for food intake-based preventive strategy against AD
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Chung H, Seo H, Choi SH, Park CK, Kim TM, Park SH, Won JK, Lee JH, Lee ST, Lee JY, Hwang I, Kang KM, Yun TJ. Cluster Analysis of DSC MRI, Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI, and DWI Parameters Associated with Prognosis in Patients with Glioblastoma after Removal of the Contrast-Enhancing Component: A Preliminary Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1559-1566. [PMID: 36175084 PMCID: PMC9731243 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE No report has been published on the use of DSC MR imaging, DCE MR imaging, and DWI parameters in combination to create a prognostic prediction model in glioblastoma patients. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning-based model to find preoperative multiparametric MR imaging parameters associated with prognosis in patients with glioblastoma. Normalized CBV, volume transfer constant, and ADC of the nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions were evaluated using K-means clustering. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 142 patients with glioblastoma who underwent preoperative MR imaging and total resection were included in this retrospective study. From the normalized CBV, volume transfer constant, and ADC maps, the parametric data were sorted using the K-means clustering method. Patients were divided into training and test sets (ratio, 1:1), and the optimal number of clusters was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were performed to identify potential parametric predictors. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was conducted to adjust for clinical predictors. RESULTS The nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions were divided into 6 clusters. The cluster (class 4) with the relatively low normalized CBV and volume transfer constant value and the lowest ADC values was most associated with predicting glioblastoma prognosis. The optimal cutoff of the class 4 volume fraction of nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions predicting 1-year progression-free survival was 9.70%, below which the cutoff was associated with longer progression-free survival. Two Kaplan-Meier curves based on the cutoff value showed a statistically significant difference (P = .037). When we adjusted for all clinical predictors, the cluster with the relatively low normalized CBV and volume transfer constant values and the lowest ADC value was an independent prognostic marker (hazard ratio, 3.04; P = .048). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed a concordance index of 0.699 for progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Our model showed that nonenhancing T2 high-signal-intensity lesions with the relatively low normalized CBV, low volume transfer constant values, and the lowest ADC values could serve as useful prognostic imaging markers for predicting survival outcomes in patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chung
- From the Seoul National University College of Medicine (H.C., H.S.), Seoul, Korea
| | - H Seo
- From the Seoul National University College of Medicine (H.C., H.S.), Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research (S.H.C.), Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering (S.H.C.), Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery (C.-K.P.), Internal Medicine
| | - T M Kim
- Cancer Research Institute (T.M.K.)
| | - S-H Park
- Departments of Pathology (S.-H.P., J.K.W.), Radiation Oncology
| | - J K Won
- Departments of Pathology (S.-H.P., J.K.W.), Radiation Oncology
| | - J H Lee
- Cancer Research Institute (J.H.L.)
| | - S-T Lee
- Neurology (S.-T.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Hwang
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K M Kang
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T J Yun
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., J.Y.L., I.H., K.M.K., T.J.Y.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JW, Byun MS, Lee JH, Yi D, Kim MJ, Jung G, Lee JY, Lee YS, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Spouse bereavement and brain pathologies: A propensity score matching study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:490-504. [PMID: 35751876 PMCID: PMC9796777 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Spouse bereavement is one of life's greatest stresses and has been suggested to trigger or accelerate cognitive decline and dementia. However, little information is available about the potential brain pathologies underlying the association between spouse bereavement and cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate that lifetime spouse bereavement is associated with in vivo human brain pathologies underlying cognitive decline. METHODS A total of 319 ever-married older adults between the ages of 61 and 90 years underwent comprehensive clinical assessments and multimodal brain imaging including [11 C] Pittsburgh compound B-positron emission tomography (PET), AV-1451 PET, [18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, and magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were classified as experiencing no spouse bereavement or spouse bereavement, and comparisons using propensity score matching (59 cases and 59 controls) were performed. RESULTS Spouse bereavement was significantly associated with higher cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume compared with no spouse bereavement. Interaction and subsequent subgroup analyses showed that spouse bereavement was significantly associated with higher WMH in the older (>75 years) subgroup and among those with no- or low-skill occupations. In addition, spouse bereavement at 60 years or older affects WMH volume compared with no spouse bereavement, whereas spouse bereavement at younger than 60 years did not. No group differences were observed in other brain pathologies between spouse bereavement categories. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the spouse bereavement may contribute to dementia or cognitive decline by increasing cerebrovascular injury, particularly in older individuals and those with no- or low-skill occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kwak S, Kim H, Oh DJ, Jeon YJ, Oh DY, Park SM, Lee JY. Clinical and biological subtypes of late-life depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 312:46-53. [PMID: 35691418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression (LDD) results from multiple psychosocial and neurobiological changes occurring in later life. The current study investigated how patterns of clinical symptoms and brain structural features are classified into LDD subtypes. METHOD Self-report scale of depression, behavioral rating of affective symptoms, and brain structural imaging of white matter change and cortical thickness were assessed in 541 older adults with no cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct subtypes of depression. RESULTS The latent profile analysis identified four classes with mild to severe depressive symptoms and two classes with minimal symptoms. While the classes primarily differed in the overall severity, the combinatory patterns of clinical symptoms and neuropathological signature distinguished the classes with similar severity. The classes were distinguished in terms of whether or not neurodegenerative risk accompanied the corresponding depressive symptoms. The presence of the negative self-scheme and cortical thinning pattern notably characterized the subtypes of LDD. LIMITATIONS The underlying etiologies of the biological subtypes are still speculative, and the current study lacks clinical history that differentiates late- and early-onset depression. CONCLUSIONS Our finding provides insight in identifying heterogeneities of depressive disorder in later life and suggests that self-report and behavioral symptom profile in combination with white matter lesion and cortical thickness effectively characterizes distinct subtypes of LDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jong Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Ju Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Mi Park
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Hannam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine & SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JY. The limitations of liberal reproductive autonomy. Med Health Care Philos 2022; 25:523-529. [PMID: 35687215 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The common liberal understanding of reproductive autonomy - characterized by free choice and a principle of non-interference - serves as a useful way to analyse the normative appeal of having certain choices open to people in the reproductive realm, especially for issues like abortion rights. However, this liberal reading of reproductive autonomy only offers us a limited ethical understanding of what is at stake in many kinds of reproductive choices, particularly when it comes to different uses of reproductive technologies and third-party reproduction. This is because the liberal framework does not fully capture who benefits from which reproductive options, the extent of the risks and harms involved in various reproductive interventions, and the reasons for why people are driven to make certain reproductive choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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44
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Kim D, Hwang KS, Koh WG, Lee C, Lee JY. Volatile Organic Compound Sensing Array and Optoelectronic Filter System using Ion-Pairing Dyes with a Wide Visible Spectrum. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2203671. [PMID: 35818108 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An ideal dye-based sensing array has essential design requirements, including facile preparation methodology, tolerance to water vapor, a broad range of color-responsive changes, and a simple readout system. Here, a brief synthetic route is developed for ion-pairing dyes exhibiting unusual chromatic changes across the entire visible spectrum. It requires only mixing and precipitation under mild conditions. The dyes are applied to a sensing array containing 12 sensing elements with different initial states. Owing to the numerous color variations of the dyes, the color map generated by the array is highly simple yet sufficiently accurate to distinguish among the different functional groups (such as amines, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids) as well as carbon chain lengths. Principle component analysis (PCA) demonstrates that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be well classified according to the color changes of the sensing array. The ion-pairing dyes are embedded into 3D stacked nanofibers via electrospinning, and function as effective harmful-gas (e.g., formaldehyde) sensors with sub-ppm theoretical detection limits (0.15 ppm). Finally, the 3D stacked nanofibers can be employed in an optoelectronic filter system that automatically checks for formaldehyde in the surroundings and also confirms the effective removal of the detected formaldehyde by the gas filter cartridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Kim
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 09722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seob Hwang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 09722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanmin Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
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45
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Han JH, Yoon JW, Yook HJ, Bang CH, Chun JH, Lee JY, Park YM, Lee SJ, Lee JH. Evaluation of Atopic Dermatitis and Cutaneous Infectious Disorders Using Sequential Pattern Mining: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123422. [PMID: 35743492 PMCID: PMC9225084 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
According to previous studies, the increased risk of cutaneous infectious disorders in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is related to impaired epidermal function, abnormal systemic immune function, and lower antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we analyzed the association between AD and cutaneous infectious disorders in the real world using sequential pattern mining (SPM). We analyzed National Health Insurance data from 2010–2013 using SPM to identify comorbid cutaneous infectious diseases and the onset durations of comorbidities. Patients with AD were at greater risk for molluscum contagiosum (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 5.273), impetigo (aOR, 2.852), chickenpox (aOR, 2.251), otitis media (aOR, 1.748), eczema herpeticum (aOR, 1.292), and viral warts (aOR, 1.105). In SPM analysis, comorbidity of 1.06% shown in molluscum contagiosum was the highest value, and the duration of 77.42 days documented for molluscum contagiosum was the shortest onset duration among all the association rules. This study suggests that AD is associated with an increased risk of cutaneous infectious disorders. In particular, care should be taken regarding its high relevance with impetigo, molluscum contagiosum, and otitis media, which may help in preventing AD from worsening through appropriately preventing and managing the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
| | - Jae-Woong Yoon
- Department of Business Management, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (J.-W.Y.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Hwa-Jung Yook
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
| | - Chul-Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
| | - Jae-Hun Chun
- Department of Business Management, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (J.-W.Y.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
| | - Young-Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
| | - Suk-Jun Lee
- Department of Business Management, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (J.-W.Y.); (J.-H.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6790 (J.-H.L.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (H.-J.Y.); (C.-H.B.); (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-M.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6790 (J.-H.L.)
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Baek HJ, Heo YJ, Kim D, Yun SY, Baek JW, Jeong HW, Choo HJ, Lee JY, Oh SI. Usefulness of Wave-CAIPI for Postcontrast 3D T1-SPACE in the Evaluation of Brain Metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:857-863. [PMID: 35618423 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High-resolution postcontrast 3D T1WI is a widely used sequence for evaluating brain metastasis, despite the long scan time. This study aimed to compare highly accelerated postcontrast 3D T1-weighted sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution by using wave-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (wave-T1-SPACE) with the commonly used standard high-resolution postcontrast 3D T1-SPACE for the evaluation of brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Among the 387 patients who underwent postcontrast wave-T1-SPACE and standard SPACE, 56 patients with suspected brain metastases were retrospectively included. Two neuroradiologists assessed the number of enhancing lesions according to lesion size, contrast-to-noise ratiolesion/parenchyma, contrast-to-noise ratiowhite matter/gray matter, contrast ratiolesion/parenchyma, and overall image quality for the 2 different sequences. RESULTS Although there was no significant difference in the evaluation of larger enhancing lesions (>5 mm) between the 2 different sequences (P = .66 for observer 1, P = .26 for observer 2), wave-T1-SPACE showed a significantly lower number of smaller enhancing lesions (<5 mm) than standard SPACE (1.61 [SD, 0.29] versus 2.84 [SD, 0.47] for observer 1; 1.41 [SD, 0.19] versus 2.68 [SD, 0.43] for observer 2). Furthermore, mean contrast-to-noise ratiolesion/parenchyma and overall image quality of wave-T1-SPACE were significantly lower than those in standard SPACE. CONCLUSIONS Postcontrast wave-T1-SPACE showed comparable diagnostic performance for larger enhancing lesions (>5 mm) and marked scan time reduction compared with standard SPACE. However, postcontrast wave-T1-SPACE showed underestimation of smaller enhancing lesions (<5 mm) and lower image quality than standard SPACE. Therefore, postcontrast wave-T1-SPACE should be interpreted carefully in the evaluation of brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Baek
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J.B.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Heo
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Yun
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Baek
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H W Jeong
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Choo
- Department of Radiology (Y.J.H., D.K., S.Y.Y., J.W.B., H.W.J., H.J.C.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine (J.Y.L), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S-I Oh
- Department of Neurology (S.-I.O.), Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Lee JY. Framing gestation: assistance, delegation, and beyond. J Med Ethics 2022; 48:medethics-2022-108405. [PMID: 35636916 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2022-108405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
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Noh EJ, Lee JY, Park SY, Park JH, Cho JY, Kim YM, Kim JS, Lee KM, Choi S, Lee SK. Salicornia herbacea Aqueous Extracts Regulate NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages and Trophoblasts. J Med Food 2022; 25:503-512. [PMID: 35561274 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicornia herbacea L. (Chenopodiaceae), an edible salt marsh plant with anti-inflammatory effects, was examined in macrophages and trophoblasts whether it modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Pretreatment and delayed treatment of S. herbacea extract (SHE) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) reduced the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate stimulation and downregulated interleukin (IL)-1β production. SHE also inhibited pyroptotic cell death, the adaptor molecule apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), oligomerization, and speck by NLRP3 inflammasome activity in BMDM. Similarly, SHE decreased the mRNA expression of NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the LPS-stimulated human trophoblast cell line, Swan 71 cells. In addition, SHE inhibited the production of IL-6 and IL-1β and decreased the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in stimulated Swan 71 cells. Finally, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA), one of the components of S. herbacea, inhibited IL-1β produced by NLRP3 inflammasome activity. In conclusion, SHE downregulated the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages and trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Jeong Noh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Seo-Ye Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki-Mo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunga Choi
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biosystems, Seongnam Campus of Korea Polytechnics, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
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Jung J, Park JY, Myung W, Lee JY, Ko H, Lee H. Association between Residential Greenness and Incidence of Parkinson's Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19063491. [PMID: 35329176 PMCID: PMC8951185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is widely known that exposure to residential greenness is beneficial for health. However, few studies have analyzed the association between greenery and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We selected 313,355 participants who matched the inclusion criteria from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, followed up from 2007 to 2015. Residential greenness, represented by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), was obtained from satellite measurements. We estimated hazard ratios of PD associated with a 0.1-unit increase in long-term greenness exposure at the district level for the previous 1 year of each year until a censoring/event occurred, using time-varying Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for individual- and area-level characteristics. During the 2,745,389 person-years of follow-up, 2621(0.8%) participants developed PD. Exposure to higher levels of residential greenness was found to be associated with a decreased risk of PD incidence (21% per 0.1-unit increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74–0.84). In subgroup analyses, stronger protective effects were observed in participants aged over 50 years, females, overweight/obese participants, non-urban residents, non-smokers, alcoholics, and those with comorbidities. Long-term exposure to greenness was beneficial to incident PD, and our findings could aid in the development of public-health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Jung
- Data Management and Statistics Institute, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10326, Korea;
- Research Center for Chronic Disease and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Jae Yoon Park
- Research Center for Chronic Disease and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10326, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea;
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hyunwoong Ko
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea
- Department of Software Convergence, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan 31538, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-530-3045; Fax: +82-41-530-3085
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Yoo SY, Han A, Park S, Lee JY. Incidence and Cognitive Decline of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementia by Apolipoprotein ε4 Allele Presence: A Community-Based Cohort Study in Korean Elderly. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:190-196. [PMID: 35232006 PMCID: PMC8958210 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele to the incidence of dementia and cognitive decline in a cohort of a Korean community. METHODS From a community-based dementia-free cohort, 357 participants were genotyped. Participants underwent 2 cognitive assessments separated by a hiatus between 6 to 7 years and were diagnosed as healthy control (n=297), Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n=44), and other dementia (n=16) at the second assessment. Incidence risk and onset age of disease according to APOE ε4 presence were analyzed in AD and other dementia. Differences in cognitive decline rate depending on APOE ε4 were also examined across all groups. RESULTS The relative risks and onset age of dementia were not different by the presence of the APOE ε4 allele. Cognitive decline was more prominent in the presence of APOE ε4 allele (score change=7.4) than non-presence (score change=3.1), and this interaction was significant only in the AD group (F=10.51, p=0.003). CONCLUSION The APOE ε4 alleles can be a critical factor in predicting cognitive change for AD in the Korean community population but not in predicting AD incidence. This finding suggest that clinicians consider the presence of APOE ε4 allele examining patients with rapid declining dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexander Han
- Department of BioSciences & Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Soowon Park
- Division of Teacher Education, College of General Education for Truth, Sincerity and Love, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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