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Huang Z, Ma K, Yin X, Li Z, Chen M, Duan Y, Li L, Hu Y. The associations of fatty acids related dietary patterns with overweight and obesity among Chinese children. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:54. [PMID: 38654346 PMCID: PMC11036597 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood overweight and obesity is becoming an emerging face of malnutrition. The aims of this study were to develop fatty acid (FAs) related dietary patterns and explored the associations of FAs related dietary patterns with overweight and obesity among Chinese children. METHODS An observational study was conducted on 435 children aged 4 to 7 years old in South Central China. Erythrocyte FAs composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Diet was collected by food frequency questionnaires and dietary patterns were evaluated by reduced rank regression. The logistic regression analysis was used to exploring the association of dietary patterns with overweight and obesity. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and overweight or obesity were 6.52, 4.59, and 11.11% in Chinese children, respectively. Twenty five types of FAs were detected in erythrocyte of children and four FAs related dietary patterns were identified. The dietary pattern positively correlated with n-3 PUFAs, but negatively with SFAs,was characterized by high intake of fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish, leaf-off vegetable, nuts, and tubers, which have a significantly decreased overweight risk (OR = 0.580, 95%CI: 0.375 ∼ 0.895, P = 0.014).The pattern positively strong associated with n-6 PUFAs, but negatively strong with n-3 PUFAs, had high intake of snacks, leaf-off vegetable, fresh beans, and coarse cereals, which have a significantly decreased obesity risk (OR = 0.518, 95%CI: 0.325 ∼ 0.827, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Four FAs related dietary patterns were identified. The dietary pattern with high intake of fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish decreased overweight risk by increasing n-3 PUFAs, and decreasing SFAs. The dietary pattern with high intake of plant food, decreased obesity risk by providing an balanced n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- School of Public Health and Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Jinxi Road No.492, 418000, Huaihua, China
| | - Keyu Ma
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Changsheng West Road No.28, 421001, Hengyang, China
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochen Yin
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Ziming Li
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Chen
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Duan
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China
| | - Yuming Hu
- The department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No.450, 410005, Changsha, China.
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Laamanen SE, Eloranta AM, Haapala EA, Sallinen T, Schwab U, Lakka TA. Associations of diet quality and food consumption with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in Finnish children: the PANIC study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:623-637. [PMID: 38127151 PMCID: PMC10899368 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations of overall diet quality and dietary factors with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in a general population of children. METHODS We studied 194 girls and 209 boys aged 6-8 years participating in the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study. Food consumption was assessed by 4-day food records and diet quality was quantified by the Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI). Fasting serum fatty acids, amino acids, apolipoproteins, as well as lipoprotein particle sizes were analyzed with high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, and body fat percentage. RESULTS FCHEI was directly associated with the ratio of polyunsaturated (PUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) (PUFA/SFA), the ratio of PUFA to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (PUFA/MUFA), the ratio of PUFA to total fatty acids (FA) (PUFA%), the ratio of omega-3-fatty acids to total FA (omega-3 FA%), and inversely associated with the ratio of MUFA to total FA (MUFA%), alanine, glycine, histidine and very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle size. Consumption of vegetable oils and vegetable-oil-based margarine (≥ 60% fat) was directly associated with PUFA/SFA, PUFA/MUFA, PUFA%, the ratio of omega-6 FA to total FA (omega-6 FA%), and inversely associated with SFA, MUFA, SFA to total FA (SFA%), MUFA%, alanine and VLDL particle size. Consumption of high-fiber grain products directly associated with PUFA/SFA, PUFA/MUFA, omega-3 FA%, omega-6 FA%, PUFA% and inversely associated with SFA and SFA%. Fish consumption directly related to omega-3 FA and omega-3 FA%. Consumption of sugary products was directly associated with histidine and VLDL particle size. Vegetable, fruit, and berry consumption had direct associations with VLDL particle size and the ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1. Consumption of low fat (< 1%) milk was directly associated with phenylalanine. A higher consumption of high-fat (≥ 1%) milk was associated with lower serum MUFA/SFA and higher SFA%. Sausage consumption was directly related to SFA% and histidine. Red meat consumption was inversely associated with glycine. CONCLUSIONS Better diet quality, higher in intake of dietary sources of unsaturated fat and fiber, and lower in sugary product intake were associated with more favorable levels of serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism independent of adiposity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01803776, registered March 3, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi E Laamanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Aino-Maija Eloranta
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eero A Haapala
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taisa Sallinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
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Bai J, Tan X, Tang S, Liu X, Shao L, Wang C, Huang L. Citrus p-Synephrine Improves Energy Homeostasis by Regulating Amino Acid Metabolism in HFD-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:248. [PMID: 38257140 PMCID: PMC10818793 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
p-Synephrine is a common alkaloid widely distributed in citrus fruits. However, the effects of p-synephrine on the metabolic profiles of individuals with energy abnormalities are still unclear. In the study, we investigated the effect of p-synephrine on energy homeostasis and metabolic profiles using a high fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model. We found that p-synephrine inhibited the gain in body weight, liver weight and white adipose tissues weight induced by HFD. p-Synephrine supplementation also reduced levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but not to a statistically significant degree. Histological analysis showed that HFD induced excessive lipid accumulation and glycogen loss in the liver and adipocyte enlargement in perirenal fat tissue, while p-synephrine supplementation reversed the changes induced by HFD. Moreover, HFD feeding significantly increased mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and reduced the mRNA expression level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) compared to the control group, while p-synephrine supplementation significantly reversed these HFD-induced changes. Liver and serum metabolomic analysis showed that p-synephrine supplementation significantly altered small molecule metabolites in liver and serum in HFD mice and that the changes were closely associated with improvement of energy homeostasis. Notably, amino acid metabolism pathways, both in liver and serum samples, were significantly enriched. Our study suggests that p-synephrine improves energy homeostasis probably by regulating amino acid metabolism in HFD mice, which provides a novel insight into the action mechanism of p-synephrine modulating energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Linzi Shao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Chen Wang
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Linhua Huang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China; (J.B.)
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
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Callegari MA, Damatto RL, Santos PPD. Saturated Fatty Acids and Implications for Cardiovascular Disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20230612. [PMID: 37909536 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Augusto Callegari
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Botucatu - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP - Brasil
- Escola Universitária de Botucatu e Região, Botucatu, SP - Brasil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Damatto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Botucatu - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP - Brasil
- Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Agrárias de Itapeva, Itapeva, SP - Brasil
| | - Priscila Portugal Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Botucatu - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP - Brasil
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Šarac I, Debeljak-Martačić J, Takić M, Stevanović V, Milešević J, Zeković M, Popović T, Jovanović J, Vidović NK. Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1065578. [PMID: 37545582 PMCID: PMC10397414 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1065578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fatty acids (FAs) composition and desaturase activities can be altered in different metabolic conditions, but the adiposity-independent associations with clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations of FAs composition and estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical cardiometabolic risk indicators in non-diabetic Serbian women, and to investigate if these associations were independent of the level of adiposity and other confounders. Methods In 76 non-diabetic, otherwise healthy Serbian women, aged 24-68 years, with or without metabolic syndrome or obesity (BMI=23.6±5.6 kg/m2), FA composition in erythrocyte phospholipids was measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase activities were estimated from product/precursor FAs ratios (D9D:16:1n-7/16:0; D6D:20:3n-6/18:2n-6; D5D:20:4n-6/20:3n-6). Correlations were made with anthropometric, biochemical (serum glucose, triacylglycerols, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, and their ratios) and clinical (blood pressure) indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Linear regression models were performed to test the independence of these associations. Results Estimated desaturase activities and certain FAs were associated with anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators of cardiometabolic risk: D9D, D6D, 16:1n-7 and 20:3n-6 were directly associated, while D5D and 18:0 were inversely associated. However, the associations with clinical and biochemical indicators were not independent of the associations with the level of adiposity, since they were lost after controlling for anthropometric indices. After controlling for multiple confounders (age, postmenopausal status, education, smoking, physical activity, dietary macronutrient intakes, use of supplements, alcohol consumption), the level of adiposity was the most significant predictor of desaturase activities and aforementioned FAs levels, and mediated their association with biochemical/clinical indicators. Vice versa, desaturase activities predicted the level of adiposity, but not other components of cardiometabolic risk (if the level of adiposity was accounted). While the associations of anthropometric indices with 16:1n-7, 20:3n-6, 18:0 and D9D and D6D activities were linear, the associations with D5D activity were the inverse U-shaped. The only adiposity-independent association of FAs profiles with the indicators of cardiometabolic risk was a positive association of 20:5n-3 with ALT/AST ratio, which requires further exploration. Discussion Additional studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Stevanović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nevena Kardum Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Group for Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Eroshchenko NN, Veselov VV, Pirogov AV, Danilova EY, Kirushin AN, Paravyan AL, Cravotto G. Development and validation of a HPLC-MS/MS method for the analysis of fatty acids - in the form of FAME ammonium adducts - in human whole blood and erythrocytes to determine omega-3 index. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1227:123799. [PMID: 37379757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent scientific studies in the field of health and nutrition have unanimously affirmed the importance of consuming the omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), because of their cardioprotective properties. Fatty acid profiling in erythrocyte membranes allows the omega-3 index, which is a recognized indicator of the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, to be calculated. One consequence of the upward trend in healthy lifestyles and longevity is an increase in the number of studies into the omega-3 index, which requires a reliable method for the quantitative analysis of fatty acids. This article describes the development and validation of a sensitive and reproducible liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the quantitative analysis of 23 fatty acids (in the form of fatty acid methyl esters, FAMEs) in 40 µl of whole blood and erythrocytes. The list of acids includes saturated, omega-9 unsaturated, omega-6 unsaturated and omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids as well as their trans-isomers. The limit of quantitation was 250 ng ml-1 for C12:0, C16:0 and C18:0; and 62.5 ng ml-1 for other FAMEs, including EPA, DHA and trans-isomers of FAME C16:1, C18:1 and C18:2 n-6. Sample preparation for fatty acid (FA) esterification/methylation with boron trifluoride-methanol (BF3) has been optimized. Chromatographic separation has been carried out on a C8 column in gradient mode using a mixture of acetonitrile, isopropanol and water with the addition of 0.1% formic acid and 5 mM ammonium formate. As a result, the problem of separating the cis- and trans-isomers of FAME C16:1, C18:1 and C18:2 n-6 has been solved. The electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) detection of FAMEs, in the form of ammonium adducts, has been optimized for the first time, which has made the method more sensitive that when the protonated species are used. This method has been applied to 12 samples from healthy subjects that consumed omega-3 supplements and has proven to be a reliable tool for determining the omega-3 index.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Eroshchenko
- Biomedical Science and Technology Park, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya ul, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - V V Veselov
- Biomedical Science and Technology Park, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya ul, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Pirogov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenih Hills, d. 1, str. 3., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E Y Danilova
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenih Hills, d. 1, str. 3., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Kirushin
- Biomedical Science and Technology Park, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya ul, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A L Paravyan
- Biomedical Science and Technology Park, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8 Trubetskaya ul, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Dupont J, Wauters E, Dedeyne L, Vercauteren L, Amini N, Lapauw L, Matthys C, Verschueren S, Tournoy J, Koppo K, Gielen E. Are dietary intake and nutritional status of specific polyunsaturated fatty acids correlated with sarcopenia outcomes in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia? - Exploratory results from ENHANce. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:272. [PMID: 37147574 PMCID: PMC10161444 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the relationship between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake, nutritional PUFAs status and sarcopenia outcomes in sarcopenic older adults. METHODS The Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) is an ongoing 5-armed triple blinded randomized controlled trial, in sarcopenic older adults (> 65y) aiming to assess the effect of combined anabolic interventions (protein, omega-3 supplement and exercise) on physical performance in these adults, compared to single/placebo interventions. Baseline data were used for a secondary, exploratory, cross-sectional analysis. Dietary PUFAs intake was assessed with 4-day food records, status with RBC membrane fatty acids profiles. Spearman's rho(ρ) correlation coefficients were calculated to explore associations of PUFAs intake and status with sarcopenia-defining parameters (muscle strength, mass and physical performance), physical activity (step count) and quality of life (SF-36, SarQoL). RESULTS In total, 29 subjects (9♂/20♀, mean age 76.3 ± 5.4y) were included. Total omega-3 intake of participants (1.99 ± 0.99 g/d) was below the recommended intake (♂:2.8-5.6 g/d; ♀:2.2-4.4 g/d). Intake and status of PUFAs were not correlated. Regarding correlations with outcomes, α-linolenic acid status was inversely associated with appendicular lean mass (aLM) (ρ:-0.439; p = 0.017), whereas docosahexaenoic acid status was positively associated with aLM (ρ:0.388; p = 0.038). Some omega-3 PUFAs intake and status markers were positively associated with step count, SF-36 and SarQoL scores, whereas gamma-linolenic acid status was inversely associated with SF-36 physical component summary score (ρ = -0.426; p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Although intake of omega-3 and omega-6 was low, the present exploratory study generated new hypotheses for potential correlations of PUFAs intake and status with sarcopenia outcomes in older adults with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolan Dupont
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Eva Wauters
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lenore Dedeyne
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Vercauteren
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nadjia Amini
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lapauw
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Matthys
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Verschueren
- Research Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabillitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Gielen
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Redruello-Requejo M, Samaniego-Vaesken MDL, Puga AM, Montero-Bravo A, Ruperto M, Rodríguez-Alonso P, Partearroyo T, Varela-Moreiras G. Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intakes, Determinants and Dietary Sources in the Spanish Population: Findings from the ANIBES Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030562. [PMID: 36771269 PMCID: PMC9920307 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The multiple roles of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in growth and general health are well documented. However, available intake data for the Spanish population are limited and lack gender and age considerations. Therefore, our goal was to assess dietary intake adequacy of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA, their determinants and their major food sources among the Spanish population. Due to their influence on various beneficial functions attributed to omega-3 PUFA, combined intake adequacy with folic acid (FA), vitamin B₁₂ and choline was also assessed. Intake data were obtained from the ANIBES cross-sectional study on a representative sample of the Spanish population (9-75 years; n = 2009), where dietary intake was analysed with a three-day dietary record. Median intake of total omega-3 PUFA stood at 0.81 g/day (0.56-1.19 g/day), with α-linolenic acid (ALA) at 0.61 g/day (0.45-0.85 g/day), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at 0.03 g/day (0.01-0.12 g/day) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at 0.06 g/day (0.0-0.20 g/day). Accordingly, 65% of the Spanish population showed insufficient intakes for total omega-3 PUFA; 87% for ALA, and 83% for combined EPA and DHA. Inadequate intakes were significantly higher in children, adolescents, and younger women of childbearing age (18-30 years). In contrast, inadequacy due to excessive intakes was almost negligible. Regarding omega-6 PUFA, total intake was 10.1 g/day (7.0-14.0 g/day), 10.0 g/day (6.9-13.9 g/day) for linoleic acid (LA) and 0.08 g/day (0.05-0.13 g/day) for arachidonic acid (AA). Non-compliance due to either insufficient or excessive intakes of LA stood at around 5% of the sample, with the elderly showing significantly higher degrees of inadequacy due to insufficient intakes (10%; p ≤ 0.05). Median omega-6 to omega-3 ratio was 12:1, and significantly higher in men compared to women (p ≤ 0.05); in children, adolescents and adults compared to the elderly (p ≤ 0.05); and in younger women of childbearing age compared to the older group (31-45 years) (p ≤ 0.001). Oils and fats and meat and meat products were the main dietary sources for the essential fatty acids LA and ALA, respectively. Meat and meat products were as well the main providers of AA, while fish and shellfish were almost exclusively the only sources of EPA and DHA. However, main food sources identified showed important differences across age groups. Finally, the total combined degree of inadequacy observed for omega-3 PUFA, FA, vitamin B₁₂ and choline reached 21.3% of the ANIBES population. The observed degree of inadequacy of omega-3 PUFA intakes among the Spanish population makes it urgent to increase its consumption and to consider the need for supplementation. This should also be the main strategy for the optimization of the omega-6/omega-3 ratio, as the adequacy observed for omega-6 intakes is relatively acceptable. Additional improvement of the dietary intake of FA, vitamin B12 and choline could contribute to the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Redruello-Requejo
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - María de Lourdes Samaniego-Vaesken
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana M. Puga
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Bravo
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Mar Ruperto
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Paula Rodríguez-Alonso
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), c/General Álvarez de Castro 20, 1 apta, 28010 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Partearroyo
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Grupo USP-CEU de Excelencia “Nutrición Para la Vida (Nutrition for Life)”, Ref: E02/0720, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-372-47-26
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9
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Fatty-Acid-Based Membrane Lipidome Profile of Peanut Allergy Patients: An Exploratory Study of a Lifelong Health Condition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010120. [PMID: 36613559 PMCID: PMC9820545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut allergy is a lifelong, increasingly prevalent, and potentially life-threatening disease burdening families and communities. Dietary, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), intakes can exert positive effects on immune and inflammatory responses, and the red blood cell (RBC) membrane lipidome contains stabilized metabolic and nutritional information connected with such responses. The fatty-acid-based membrane lipidome profile has been exploratorily evaluated in a small cohort of patients (eight males and one female, age range 4.1−21.7 years old, body mass index BMI < 25) with angioedema and/or anaphylaxis after peanut ingestion. This analysis was performed according to an ISO 17025 certified robotic protocol, isolating mature RBCs, extracting membrane lipids, and transforming them to fatty acid methyl esters for gas chromatography recognition and quantification. Comparison with a group of age- and BMI-matched healthy individuals and with benchmark interval values of a healthy population evidenced significant differences, such as higher levels of ω-6 (arachidonic acid), lower values of ω-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), together with an increased ω-6/ω-3 ratio in allergic patients. A significant inverse correlation was also found between specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and ω-6 di-homo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and total PUFAs. Results of this preliminary study encourage screenings in larger cohorts, also in view of precision nutrition and nutraceuticals strategies, and stimulate interest to expand basic and applied research for unveiling molecular mechanisms that are still missing and individuating treatments in chronic allergic disorders.
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10
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Yang Y, Li G, Wang Y, Sun Y, Xu C, Wei Z, Zhang S, Gao L, Liu S, Zhao J. Facile discovery of red blood cell deformation and compromised membrane/skeleton assembly in Prader-Willi syndrome. Front Med 2022; 16:946-956. [PMID: 36385596 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare congenital disease with genetic alterations in chromosome 15. Although genetic disorders and DNA methylation abnormalities involved in PWS have been investigated to a significant degree, other anomalies such as those in erythrocytes may occur and these have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we uncovered slight anemia in children with PWS that was associated with increased red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW) and contrarily reduced hematocrit (HCT) values. Intriguingly, the increased ratio in RDW to HCT allowed sufficient differentiation between the PWS patients from the healthy controls and, importantly, with individuals exhibiting conventional obesity. Further morphologic examinations revealed a significant deformity in erythrocytes and mild hemolysis in PWS patients. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations unveiled compromised membrane skeletal assembly and membrane lipid composition, and revealed a reduced F-actin/G-actin ratio in PWS patients. We ascribed these phenotypic changes in erythrocytes to the observed genetic defects, including DNA methylation abnormalities. Our collective data allowed us to uncover RBC deformation in children with PWS, and this may constitute an auxiliary indicator of PWS in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashuang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Medical Social Work Office, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China.
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11
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Docosahexaenoic Acid as the Bidirectional Biomarker of Dietary and Metabolic Risk Patterns in Chinese Children: A Comparison with Plasma and Erythrocyte. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153095. [PMID: 35956271 PMCID: PMC9370652 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to measure docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both the plasma and erythrocyte of a child population and compares them with respect to their associations with dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a total of 435 children ages 5−7 years old were recruited. Diet information was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The physical indicators, blood pressure, and glycolipid metabolic indicators were determined. The plasma and erythrocyte DHA were analyzed using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Multivariate regression analyses were used to investigate the associations of DHA status with dietary and metabolic risk patterns. Results: A significant correlation between plasma and the erythrocyte DHA concentration was found (r = 0.232, p < 0.001). A diversified dietary pattern characterized that a high intake of diversified foods had a positive association with the plasma DHA level (β = 0.145, 95% CI: 0.045~0.244, p = 0.004). Children of obesity risk patterns with a high weight, pelvis breadth, BMI, upper arm circumference, and chest circumference had lower plasma DHA concentrations (OR = 0.873, 95% CI: 0.786~0.969, p = 0.011). Children with higher plasma and erythrocyte DHA concentrations were adhered to blood lipid risk patterns with high CHOL and LDL-C levels. The plasma DHA (OR = 1.271, 95% CI: 1.142~1.415, p < 0.001) had a stronger association with a blood lipid risk pattern than erythrocyte (OR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.002~1.086, p = 0.040). Conclusions: The diversified dietary pattern had a higher plasma DHA concentration. Lower levels of plasma DHA were positively associated with obesity in children. DHA in plasma appears to be more strongly associated with blood lipid metabolism than erythrocyte. Plasma DHA may be a more sensitive bidirectional biomarker to evaluate the recently comprehensive diet intake and metabolic risk of children.
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12
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Syrén ML, Turolo S, de Marco EA, De Cosmi V, Risé P, Marangoni F, Minoli DG, Manzoni G, Agostoni C. Whole blood fatty acid profile of young subjects and adherence to the Mediterranean diet: an observational cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:23. [PMID: 35177087 PMCID: PMC8851752 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Relatively little is known about the physiological whole blood fatty acid composition in young people. Likewise, few studies have addressed the question of correlations between Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and blood fatty acids in childhood. Methods The fatty acid profile in whole blood from subjects, 46 days-19 years old (n = 152), without acute, chronic, or inflammatory diseases was analysed by gas chromatography. Dietary data was extracted from a 24-h recall in a subgroup of subjects (n = 60) into a modified Diet Quality Index for Children (KIDMED) questionnaire to evaluate MedDiet adherence. The cohort was divided into three age groups: < 2, 2- < 10, and 10–19 years. Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to check for age group fatty acid differences. For correlations, Spearman’s correlation coefficient and partial Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used. Results Linoleic acid, EPA, DHA, palmitic acid, and total saturated fatty acids were stable over age groups. Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA), total polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA), and total omega-6 PUFA increased from age group < 2 years; alpha-linolenic acid, total omega-3 PUFA, oleic acid, and total monounsaturated FAs decreased. Adherence to the MedDiet was at low-medium level in 91.7% of the subjects. In the age group 2- < 10 yrs., the degree of adherence correlated positively with total MUFA and PUFA balance, negatively with total PUFA, total n6-PUFA, AA/DHA, AA/EPA, and n6/n3. Age did not influence the correlations as to PUFA balance and AA/EPA. Conclusions Increased FA proportions with age were seen in the n6-series of PUFA. The n3-FA species decreased or were stable. The vast majority of the subjects with dietary data, 92%, obtained a KIDMED score indicative of low-medium adherence to the MedDiet. The score correlated negatively with various n6-species, i.e. the MedDiet suppressed circulating n6-PUFA. Whole blood may be used to investigate FAs and MedDiet adherence correlations which may be applied in the study of health issues in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Syrén
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Turolo
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Adalgisa de Marco
- Pediatric Urology unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina De Cosmi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Intermediate Care unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Risé
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 13, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Marangoni
- NFI, Nutrition Foundation of Italy, Viale Tunisia 38, 20124, Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Guido Minoli
- Pediatric Urology unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Manzoni
- Pediatric Urology unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Intermediate Care unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
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13
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Sot J, García-Arribas AB, Abad B, Arranz S, Portune K, Andrade F, Martín-Nieto A, Velasco O, Arana E, Tueros I, Ferreri C, Gaztambide S, Goñi FM, Castaño L, Alonso A. Erythrocyte Membrane Nanomechanical Rigidity Is Decreased in Obese Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031920. [PMID: 35163842 PMCID: PMC8836476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work intends to describe the physical properties of red blood cell (RBC) membranes in obese adults. The hypothesis driving this research is that obesity, in addition to increasing the amount of body fat, will also modify the lipid composition of membranes in cells other than adipocytes. Forty-nine control volunteers (16 male, 33 female, BMI 21.8 ± 5.6 and 21.5 ± 4.2 kg/m2, respectively) and 52 obese subjects (16 male and 36 female, BMI 38.2± 11.0 and 40.7 ± 8.7 kg/m2, respectively) were examined. The two physical techniques applied were atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the force spectroscopy mode, which allows the micromechanical measurement of penetration forces, and fluorescence anisotropy of trimethylammonium diphenylhexatriene (TMA-DPH), which provides information on lipid order at the membrane polar–nonpolar interface. These techniques, in combination with lipidomic studies, revealed a decreased rigidity in the interfacial region of the RBC membranes of obese as compared to control patients, related to parallel changes in lipid composition. Lipidomic data show an increase in the cholesterol/phospholipid mole ratio and a decrease in sphingomyelin contents in obese membranes. ω-3 fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid) appear to be less prevalent in obese patient RBCs, and this is the case for both the global fatty acid distribution and for the individual major lipids in the membrane phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Moreover, some ω-6 fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid) are increased in obese patient RBCs. The switch from ω-3 to ω-6 lipids in obese subjects could be a major factor explaining the higher interfacial fluidity in obese patient RBC membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Sot
- Instituto BIOFISIKA (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (J.S.); (A.B.G.-A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Aritz B. García-Arribas
- Instituto BIOFISIKA (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (J.S.); (A.B.G.-A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Beatriz Abad
- SGIKER, Servicios Generales de Investigación (SGiker), Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Kevin Portune
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Alicia Martín-Nieto
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Olaia Velasco
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Eunate Arana
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Carla Ferreri
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sonia Gaztambide
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Félix M. Goñi
- Instituto BIOFISIKA (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (J.S.); (A.B.G.-A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Luis Castaño
- Biocruces Bizkaia, Hospital Universitario Cruces, CIBERDEM, CIBERER, Endo-ERN, UPV-EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (F.A.); (A.M.-N.); (O.V.); (E.A.); (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Instituto BIOFISIKA (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (J.S.); (A.B.G.-A.); (F.M.G.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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The Associations of Erythrocyte Fatty Acids with Whole Blood Mineral Elements in Children. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030618. [PMID: 35276976 PMCID: PMC8838319 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Minerals play important biological roles in lipid metabolism. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationships between erythrocyte fatty acids (FAs) levels with whole blood mineral elements concentrations among Chinese children. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 435 children aged 4−7 years were recruited. Whole blood mineral elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and erythrocyte FAs composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Results. There were direct correlations between Zn and C18:2n-6 (FDR corrected p = 0.019), total n-6 PUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.034), and total PUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.034). Direct correlations were found between whole blood Zn and C18:1n-9 (FDR corrected p = 0.035), C24:1n-9 (FDR corrected p = 0.023), total MUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.023), and C18:2n-6 (FDR corrected p = 0.048) in the Cu < P50 group. In the Cu ≥ P50 group, Mg was inversely related to most FAs (All FDR corrected p < 0.05). In the Zn < P50 group, Cu was directly related to C24:1n-9, total MUFAs, C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, total n-3 PUFAs, C20:4n-6, total n-6 PUFAs, total PUFAs, and total FAs (All FDR corrected p < 0.05). Conclusions. Whole blood Cu and Zn levels were directly linked to several FAs levels in the erythrocytes of children. The interactions of Mg, Cu, and Zn with fatty acids may affect FA metabolism, in which Mg influences FA absorption.
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15
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Anti-Inflammatory Function of Fatty Acids and Involvement of Their Metabolites in the Resolution of Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312803. [PMID: 34884621 PMCID: PMC8657960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in many lung functions. Disorders of lipid metabolism are part of the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lipids are involved in numerous cross-linkages with inflammation. Recent studies strongly support the involvement of fatty acids as participants in inflammation. They are involved in the initiation and resolution of inflammation, including acting as a substrate for the formation of lipid mediators of inflammation resolution. Specialized pro-inflammatory mediators (SPMs) belonging to the classes of lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins, which are formed enzymatically from unsaturated fatty acids, are now described. Disorders of their production and function are part of the pathogenesis of COPD. SPMs are currently the subject of active research in order to find new drugs. Short-chain fatty acids are another important participant in metabolic and immune processes, and their role in the pathogenesis of COPD is of great clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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16
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Potential of Erythrocyte Membrane Lipid Profile as a Novel Inflammatory Biomarker to Distinguish Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Children. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050337. [PMID: 33922764 PMCID: PMC8145511 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has been described as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, without metabolic disorders traditionally associated with obesity. Beyond this definition, a standardized criterion, for adults and children, has not been established yet to explain the absence of those metabolic disorders. In this context, biomarkers of inflammation have been proposed as suitable candidates to describe MHO. The use of mature red blood cell fatty acid (RBC FA) profile is here proposed since its membrane lipidome includes biomarkers of pro- and anti-inflammatory conditions with a strict relationship with metabolic and nutritional status. An observational study was carried out in 194 children (76 children with obesity and 118 children with normal weight) between 6 and 16 years old. RBC FAs were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). An unsupervised hierarchical clustering method was conducted on children with obesity, based on the RBC FA profile, to isolate the MHO cluster. The MHO cluster showed FA levels similar to children with normal weight, characterized by lower values of arachidonic acid, (total ω-6 FA, ω6/ω3 FA ratios and higher values for EPA, DHA, and total ω-3 FA) (for all of them p ≤ 0.01) compared to the rest of the children with obesity (obese cluster). The MHO cluster also presented lipid indexes for higher desaturase enzymatic activity and lower SFA/MUFA ratio compared to the obese cluster. These differences are relevant for the follow-up of patients, also in view of personalized protocols providing tailored nutritional recommendations for the essential fatty acid intakes.
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Jauregibeitia I, Portune K, Gaztambide S, Rica I, Tueros I, Velasco O, Grau G, Martín A, Castaño L, Larocca AV, Di Nolfo F, Ferreri C, Arranz S. Molecular Differences Based on Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Profile to Personalize Dietary Strategies between Adults and Children with Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:43. [PMID: 33435565 PMCID: PMC7827034 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As the obesity epidemic continues to grow inexorably worldwide, the need to develop effective strategies to prevent and control obesity seems crucial. The use of molecular tools can be useful to characterize different obesity phenotypes to provide more precise nutritional recommendations. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid (FA) profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes, together with the evaluation of their dietary intake and biochemical parameters, of children and adults with obesity. An observational study was carried out on 196 children (113 with normal weight and 83 with obesity) and 91 adults (30 with normal weight and 61 with obesity). Mature RBC membrane phospholipids were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dietary habits were evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Children with obesity presented higher levels of ω-6 polyunsaturated FAs (mainly linoleic acid, p = 0.01) and lower values of ω-3 FAs (mainly DHA, p < 0.001) compared with adults. Regarding blood biochemical parameters, children with obesity presented lower levels of glucose, LDL cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase compared with adults with obesity. These lipidomic differences could be considered to provide specific nutritional recommendations for different age groups, based on an adequate fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Jauregibeitia
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Kevin Portune
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Sonia Gaztambide
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Itxaso Rica
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Olaia Velasco
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Gema Grau
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Alicia Martín
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Luis Castaño
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Anna Vita Larocca
- Lipidomic Laboratory, Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (A.V.L.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Federica Di Nolfo
- Lipidomic Laboratory, Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (A.V.L.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISOF, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
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