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Wu X, Zhou Y, Xi Y, Zhou H, Tang Z, Xiong L, Qin D. Polyphenols: Natural Food-Grade Biomolecules for the Treatment of Nervous System Diseases from a Multi-Target Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:775. [PMID: 38931442 PMCID: PMC11206395 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are the most prevalent naturally occurring phytochemicals in the human diet and range in complexity from simple molecules to high-molecular-weight polymers. They have a broad range of chemical structures and are generally categorized as "neuroprotective", "anti-inflammatory", and "antioxidant" given their main function of halting disease onset and promoting health. Research has shown that some polyphenols and their metabolites can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and hence increase neuroprotective signaling and neurohormonal effects to provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Therefore, multi-targeted modulation of polyphenols may prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for difficult-to-treat neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, multi-target modulation of polyphenols has the potential to prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for such nervous system diseases. Herein, we review the therapeutic benefits of polyphenols on autism-spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and sleep disorders, along with in vitro and ex vivo experimental and clinical trials. Although their methods of action are still under investigation, polyphenols are still seldom employed directly as therapeutic agents for nervous system disorders. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations and large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trials are required to properly evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and side effects of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yujiang Xi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Lei Xiong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
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2
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Wang M, Guo W, Chen JF. Caffeine: a potential mechanism for anti-obesity. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10022-1. [PMID: 38802651 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity refers to the excessive accumulation of fat caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Over recent years, obesity has become a major public health challenge. Caffeine is a natural product that has been demonstrated to exert anti-obesity effects; however, the mechanisms responsible for the effect of caffeine on weight loss have yet to be fully elucidated. Most obesity-related deaths are due to cardiovascular disease. Recent research has demonstrated that caffeine can reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease; thus, it can be hypothesized that caffeine may represent a new therapeutic agent for weight loss. In this review, we synthesize data arising from clinical and animal studies over the last decade and discuss the potential mechanisms by which caffeine may induce weight loss, focusing particularly on increasing energy consumption, suppressing appetite, altering lipid metabolism, and influencing the gut microbiota. Finally, we summarize the major challenges associated with caffeine and anti-obesity research and highlight possible directions for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- International Joint Research Center on Purinergic Signaling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Wei Guo
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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3
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Zhang X, Cao R, Li C, Zhao H, Zhang R, Che J, Xie J, Tang N, Wang Y, Liu X, Zheng Q. Caffeine Ameliorates Age-Related Hearing Loss by Downregulating the Inflammatory Pathway in Mice. Otol Neurotol 2024; 45:227-237. [PMID: 38320571 PMCID: PMC10922330 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also known as presbycusis, is a debilitating sensory impairment that affects the elderly population. There is currently no ideal treatment for ARHL. Long-term caffeine intake was reported to have anti-aging effects in many diseases. This study is to identify whether caffeine could ameliorate ARHL in mice and analyze its mechanism. METHODS Caffeine was administered in drinking water to C57BL/6J mice from the age of 3 months to 12 months. The body weight, food intake and water intake of the mice were monitored during the experiment. The metabolic indicators of serum were detected by ELISA. The function of the hearing system was evaluated by ABR and hematoxylin and eosin staining of the cochlea. Genes' expression were detected by Q-PCR, immunofluorescencee and Western blot. RESULTS The results showed that the ARHL mice exhibited impaired hearing and cochlear tissue compared with the young mice. However, the caffeine-treated ARHL mice showed improved hearing and cochlear tissue morphology. The expression of inflammation-related genes, such as TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB, and IL-1β, was significantly increased in the cochleae of ARHL mice compared with young mice but was down-regulated in the caffeine-treated cochleae. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation is involved in ARHL of mice, and long-term caffeine supplementation could ameliorate ARHL through the down-regulation of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammation pathway. Our findings provide a new idea for preventing ARHL and suggest new drug targets for ARHL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ruijuan Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Changye Li
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Hongchun Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Juan Che
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Xie
- Shandong Binzhou Animal science and veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China, 256600
| | - Na Tang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal science and veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China, 256600
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Qingyin Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Case Western Reserve University
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4
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Luo Q, Luo L, Zhao J, Wang Y, Luo H. Biological Potential and Mechanisms of Tea's Bioactive Compounds in Tea: An Updated Review. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00378-8. [PMID: 38056775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea (Camellia sinensis) has a rich history and is widely consumed across many countries, and is categorized into green tea, white tea, oolong tea, yellow tea, black tea, and dark tea based on the level of fermentation. Based on a review of previous literature, the commonly recognized bioactive substances in tea include tea polyphenols, amino acids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, macro minerals, trace elements, and vitamins, which have been known to have various potential health benefits, such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and anti-obesity properties, cardiovascular protection, immune regulation, and control of the intestinal microbiota. Most studies have only pointed out the characteristics of tea's bioactivities, so a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms of tea's bioactivities and their use risks are vital. AIM of Review The aim of this paper is to summarize the bioactive substances of tea and their pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for the application of bioactive substances in tea and outlining future research directions for the study of bioactive substances in tea. Key Scientific Concepts of Review This review summarizes the main biologically active substances, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms and discusses the potential risks. It may help researchers to grasp more comprehensive progress in the study of tea bioactive substances to further promote the application of tea as a natural bioactive substance in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxian Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Longbiao Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China.
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Pérez-Jiménez J, Agnant K, Lamuela-Raventós RM, St-Onge MP. Dietary polyphenols and sleep modulation: Current evidence and perspectives. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 72:101844. [PMID: 37659249 PMCID: PMC10872761 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are plant compounds with several biological activities. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the potential role of polyphenols in modulating sleep. A total of 28 preclinical studies, 12 intervention studies and four observational studies exploring the role of polyphenol intake on sleep were identified. From animal studies, 26 out of the 28 studies found beneficial effects of polyphenols on sleep architecture. Three out of four human observational studies found a beneficial association between polyphenol intake and sleep parameters. And, among clinical intervention studies, eight from a total of 12 studies found some beneficial effect of polyphenol intake on various sleep parameters, although some discrepancies between studies were found. Overall, emerging evidence suggests a benefit of polyphenol intake on sleep. Several mechanisms of action have been suggested, ranging from effects on neurotransmitters to an action through the gut-brain axis. However, more research in this field is needed, emphasizing the use of nutritional doses in mechanistic studies and interventions targeting participants with sleep problems. This would allow to elucidate whether an additional biological effect of polyphenols is modulation of sleep, a behavior associated with adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Dept. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disease (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kaitha Agnant
- Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Dept. Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Weerawatanakorn M, He S, Chang CH, Koh YC, Yang MJ, Pan MH. High Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Oolong Tea Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders in Mice. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33997-34007. [PMID: 37744823 PMCID: PMC10515172 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are associated with an increasing risk of developing health conditions and chronic non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, musculoskeletal problems, respiratory problems, and mental health, and its prevalence is rising. Diet is one of three primary lifestyle interventions. Many bioactive components in tea especially oolong tea, including flavonoids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and caffeine were reported to show related effects in reducing the risk of obesity. However, the effects of GABA oolong tea extracts (OTEs) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity are still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether the intervention of GABA OTEs can prevent HFD-induced obesity and decipher its underlying mechanisms using male C57BL/6 J mice. The result indicated that GABA OTEs reduced leptin expression in epididymal adipose tissue and showed a protective effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. It promoted thermogenesis-related protein of uncoupling protein-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α), boosted lipid metabolism, and promoted fatty acid oxidation. It also reduced lipogenesis-related protein levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase and inhibited hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels. These data suggest that regular drinking of GABA oolong tea has the potential to reduce the risk of being overweight, preventing obesity development through thermogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monthana Weerawatanakorn
- Department
of Agro-Industry, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Mueang, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sang He
- Institute
of Food Sciences and Technology, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chang
- Institute
of Food Sciences and Technology, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute
of Food Sciences and Technology, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ju Yang
- Taiwan
Tea Research and Extension Station, Taoyuan 326011, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute
of Food Sciences and Technology, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department
of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
- Department
of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia
University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
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Park J, Nurkolis F, Won H, Yang J, Oh D, Jo H, Choi J, Chung S, Kurniawan R, Kim B. Could Natural Products Help in the Control of Obesity? Current Insights and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2023; 28:6604. [PMID: 37764380 PMCID: PMC10534927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global issue faced by many individuals worldwide. However, no drug has a pronounced effect with few side effects. Green tea, a well-known natural product, shows preventive effects against obesity by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing fat oxidation and antioxidant capacity. In contrast, other natural products are known to contribute to obesity. Relevant articles published on the therapeutic effect of natural products on obesity were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search was conducted by entering keywords such as "obesity", "natural product", and "clinical trial". The natural products were classified as single compounds, foods, teas, fruits, herbal medicines-single extract, herbal medicines-decoction, and herbal medicines-external preparation. Then, the mechanisms of these medicines were organized into lipid metabolism, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, appetite loss, and thermogenesis. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and mechanisms of effective natural products in managing obesity. Several clinical studies reported that natural products showed antiobesity effects, including Coffea arabica (coffee), Camellia sinensis (green tea), Caulerpa racemosa (green algae), Allium sativum (garlic), combined Ephedra intermedia Schrenk, Thea sinensis L., and Atractylodes lancea DC extract (known as Gambisan), Ephedra sinica Stapf, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Coicis semen, Cinnamomi cortex, Paeoniae radix alba, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis (known as Euiiyin-tang formula). Further studies are expected to refine the pharmacological effects of natural products for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Hyunji Won
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Oh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Jo
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Chung
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee Myungbo Clinic of Korean Medicine, Hwaseong-si 18466, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudy Kurniawan
- Diabetes Connection Care, Eka Hospital Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang 15321, Indonesia
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Pepe RB, Lottenberg AM, Fujiwara CTH, Beyruti M, Cintra DE, Machado RM, Rodrigues A, Jensen NSO, Caldas APS, Fernandes AE, Rossoni C, Mattos F, Motarelli JHF, Bressan J, Saldanha J, Beda LMM, Lavrador MSF, Del Bosco M, Cruz P, Correia PE, Maximino P, Pereira S, Faria SL, Piovacari SMF. Position statement on nutrition therapy for overweight and obesity: nutrition department of the Brazilian association for the study of obesity and metabolic syndrome (ABESO-2022). Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:124. [PMID: 37296485 PMCID: PMC10251611 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease resulting from multifactorial causes mainly related to lifestyle (sedentary lifestyle, inadequate eating habits) and to other conditions such as genetic, hereditary, psychological, cultural, and ethnic factors. The weight loss process is slow and complex, and involves lifestyle changes with an emphasis on nutritional therapy, physical activity practice, psychological interventions, and pharmacological or surgical treatment. Because the management of obesity is a long-term process, it is essential that the nutritional treatment contributes to the maintenance of the individual's global health. The main diet-related causes associated with excess weight are the high consumption of ultraprocessed foods, which are high in fats, sugars, and have high energy density; increased portion sizes; and low intake of fruits, vegetables, and grains. In addition, some situations negatively interfere with the weight loss process, such as fad diets that involve the belief in superfoods, the use of teas and phytotherapics, or even the avoidance of certain food groups, as has currently been the case for foods that are sources of carbohydrates. Individuals with obesity are often exposed to fad diets and, on a recurring basis, adhere to proposals with promises of quick solutions, which are not supported by the scientific literature. The adoption of a dietary pattern combining foods such as grains, lean meats, low-fat dairy, fruits, and vegetables, associated with an energy deficit, is the nutritional treatment recommended by the main international guidelines. Moreover, an emphasis on behavioral aspects including motivational interviewing and the encouragement for the individual to develop skills will contribute to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Therefore, this Position Statement was prepared based on the analysis of the main randomized controlled studies and meta-analyses that tested different nutrition interventions for weight loss. Topics in the frontier of knowledge such as gut microbiota, inflammation, and nutritional genomics, as well as the processes involved in weight regain, were included in this document. This Position Statement was prepared by the Nutrition Department of the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), with the collaboration of dietitians from research and clinical fields with an emphasis on strategies for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bressan Pepe
- Grupo de Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Lottenberg
- Laboratório de Lipides (LIM10), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP Brazil
- Nutrition Department of the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), Rua Mato Grosso 306 – cj 1711, Sao Paulo, SP 01239-040 Brazil
| | - Clarissa Tamie Hiwatashi Fujiwara
- Grupo de Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Mônica Beyruti
- Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Centro de Estudos em Lipídios e Nutrigenômica – CELN – University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Roberta Marcondes Machado
- Liga Acadêmica de Controle de Diabetes do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Alessandra Rodrigues
- Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Natália Sanchez Oliveira Jensen
- Liga Acadêmica de Controle de Diabetes do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | | | - Ariana Ester Fernandes
- Grupo de Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Carina Rossoni
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Mattos
- Programa de Obesidade e Cirurgia Bariátrica do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - João Henrique Fabiano Motarelli
- Núcleo de Estudos e Extensão em Comportamento Alimentar e Obesidade (NEPOCA) da Universidade de São Paulo - FMRP/USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | | | - Lis Mie Masuzawa Beda
- Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Maria Sílvia Ferrari Lavrador
- Liga Acadêmica de Controle de Diabetes do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Mariana Del Bosco
- Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO), São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cruz
- Grupo de Obesidade e Sindrome Metabolica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Maximino
- Instituto PENSI - Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setúbal, Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setúbal, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Silvia Pereira
- Núcleo de Saúde Alimentar da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Potential of Polyphenols for Improving Sleep: A Preliminary Results from Review of Human Clinical Trials and Mechanistic Insights. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051257. [PMID: 36904255 PMCID: PMC10005154 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Global epidemiologic evidence supports an interrelationship between sleep disorders and fruits and vegetable ingestion. Polyphenols, a broad group of plant substances, are associated with several biologic processes, including oxidative stress and signaling pathways that regulate the expression of genes promoting an anti-inflammatory environment. Understanding whether and how polyphenol intake is related to sleep may provide avenues to improve sleep and contribute to delaying or preventing the development of chronic disease. This review aims to assess the public health implications of the association between polyphenol intake and sleep and to inform future research. The effects of polyphenol intake, including chlorogenic acid, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, and catechins, on sleep quality and quantity are discussed to identify polyphenol molecules that may improve sleep. Although some animal studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of polyphenols on sleep, the paucity of trials, especially randomized controlled trials, does not allow for conducting a meta-analysis to reach clear conclusions about the relationships among these studies to support the sleep-improving effects of polyphenols.
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10
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The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 69:101764. [PMID: 36870101 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of caffeine in response to insufficient sleep may impair the onset and maintenance of subsequent sleep. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of caffeine on the characteristics of night-time sleep, with the intent to identify the time after which caffeine should not be consumed prior to bedtime. A systematic search of the literature was undertaken with 24 studies included in the analysis. Caffeine consumption reduced total sleep time by 45 min and sleep efficiency by 7%, with an increase in sleep onset latency of 9 min and wake after sleep onset of 12 min. Duration (+6.1 min) and proportion (+1.7%) of light sleep (N1) increased with caffeine intake and the duration (-11.4 min) and proportion (-1.4%) of deep sleep (N3 and N4) decreased with caffeine intake. To avoid reductions in total sleep time, coffee (107 mg per 250 mL) should be consumed at least 8.8 h prior to bedtime and a standard serve of pre-workout supplement (217.5 mg) should be consumed at least 13.2 h prior to bedtime. The results of the present study provide evidence-based guidance for the appropriate consumption of caffeine to mitigate the deleterious effects on sleep.
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Research progress on the lipid-lowering and weight loss effects of tea and the mechanism of its functional components. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109210. [PMID: 36395969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity caused by poor eating habits has become a great challenge faced by public health organizations worldwide. Optimizing dietary intake and ingesting special foods containing biologically active substances (such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes) is a safe and effective dietary intervention to prevent the occurrence and development of obesity. Tea contains several active dietary factors, and daily tea consumption has been shown to have various health benefits, especially in regulating human metabolic diseases. Here, we reviewed recent advances in research on tea and its functional components in improving obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, and gut microbiota homeostasis and related clinical research. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms by which the functional components of tea could promote lipid-lowering and weight-loss effects by regulating fat synthesis/metabolism, glucose metabolism, gut microbial homeostasis, and liver function were summarized. The research results showing a "positive effect" or "no effect" objectively evaluates the lipid-lowering and weight-loss effects of the functional components of tea. This review provides a new scientific basis for further research on the functional ingredients of tea for lipid lowering and weight loss and the development of lipid-lowering and weight-loss functional foods and beverages derived from tea.
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Hu Y, Huang P, Wang Y, Sun J, Wu Y, Kang Z. Determination of Tibetan Tea Quality by Hyperspectral Imaging Technology and Multivariate Analysis. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Li A, Wang J, Kou R, Chen M, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xing X, Peng B, Wang S. Polyphenol-rich oolong tea alleviates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:937279. [PMID: 35967777 PMCID: PMC9366432 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.937279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide. Oolong tea (OT), which is partially fermented from Camellia sinensis leaves, has proven health benefits and potential preventive applications in multiple studies. However, research on the role of OT in obesity prevention and potential mechanisms is still limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulatory effects of OT intervention on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis using an obese mouse model. Our results showed that 8-week OT supplementation with 93.94% polyphenols significantly decreased body weight gain, adipose tissue mass, and serum levels of triglyceride (2.60 mmol/L), cholesterol (5.49 mmol/L), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.61 mmol/L) in HFD-fed mice. Meanwhile, OT intervention was observed to improve fat accumulation, hepatic damage, glucose intolerance, and endotoxemia and alleviate inflammation by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. OT also upregulated the expression of genes including Srebf1, Ppara, Lxra, Pgc1a, and Hsl and downregulated the expression of genes including Leptin, Il-6, and Il-1b. In addition, the gut dysbiosis characterized by decreased flora diversity and increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in obese mice was recovered by OT intervention. Certain differentially abundant microbes caused by HFD feeding, including Enterococcus, Intestinimonas, Blautia, and Bilophila, were also improved by OT treatment. This study demonstrated that OT, as a novel resource of dietary polyphenols, exhibited a protective effect on HFD-induced obesity and gut microbiota disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixin Kou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Hu S, Luo L, Zeng L. Tea combats circadian rhythm disorder syndrome via the gut-liver-brain axis: potential mechanisms speculated. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7126-7147. [PMID: 35187990 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is an intrinsic mechanism developed by organisms to adapt to external environmental signals. Nowadays, owing to the job and after-work entertainment, staying up late - Circadian rhythm disorders (CRD) are common. CRD is linked to the development of fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, and chronic gastroenteritis, which affecting the body's metabolic and inflammatory responses via multi-organ crosstalk (gut-liver-brain axis, etc.). However, studies on the mechanisms of multi-organ interactions by CRD are still weak. Current studies on therapeutic agents for CRD remain inadequate, and phytochemicals have been shown to alleviate CRD-induced syndromes that may be used for CRD-therapy in the future. Tea, a popular phytochemical-rich beverage, reduces glucolipid metabolism and inflammation. But it is immature and unclear in the mechanisms of alleviation of CRD-mediated syndrome. Here, we have analyzed the threat of CRD to hosts and their offspring' health from the perspective of the "gut-liver-brain" axis. The potential mechanisms of tea in alleviating CRD were further explored. It might be by interfering with bile acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and G protein-coupled receptors, with FXR, AHR, and GPCR as potential targets. We hope to provide new perspectives on the role of tea in the prevention and mitigation of CRD.HighlightsThe review highlights the health challenges of CRD via the gut-liver-brain axis.CRD research should focus on the health effects on healthy models and its offspring.Tea may prevent CRD by regulating bile acid, tryptophan, and GPCR.Potential targets for tea prevention and mitigation of CRD include FXR, AHR and GPCR.A comprehensive assessment mechanism for tea in improving CRD should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Hu Y, Kang Z. The Rapid Non-Destructive Detection of Adulteration and Its Degree of Tieguanyin by Fluorescence Hyperspectral Technology. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041196. [PMID: 35208985 PMCID: PMC8876823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tieguanyin is one of the top ten most popular teas and the representative of oolong tea in China. In this study, a rapid and non-destructive method is developed to detect adulterated tea and its degree. Benshan is used as the adulterated tea, which is about 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the total weight of tea samples, mixed with Tieguanyin. Taking the fluorescence spectra from 475 to 1000 nm, we then established the 2-and 6-class discriminant models. The 2-class discriminant models had the best evaluation index when using SG-CARS-SVM, which can reach a 100.00% overall accuracy, 100.00% specificity, 100% sensitivity, and the least time was 1.2088 s, which can accurately identify pure and adulterated tea; among the 6-class discriminant models (0% (pure Tieguanyin), 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%), with the increasing difficulty of adulteration, SNV-RF-SVM had the best evaluation index, the highest overall accuracy reached 94.27%, and the least time was 0.00698 s. In general, the results indicated that the two classification methods explored in this study can obtain the best effects. The fluorescence hyperspectral technology has a broad scope and feasibility in the non-destructive detection of adulterated tea and other fields.
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Abstract
Known as metabolic flexibility, oxidized substrate is selected in response to changes in the nutritional state. Sleep imposes an extended duration of fasting, and oxidized substrates during sleep were assumed to progressively shift from carbohydrate to fat, thereby gradually decreasing the respiratory quotient (RQ). Contrary to this assumption, whole-room indirect calorimetry with improved time resolution revealed that RQ re-ascended prior to awakening, and nadir of RQ in non-obese young adults occurred earlier in women than men after bedtime. The transient decrease in RQ during sleep was blunted in metabolically inflexible men with smaller amplitude of diurnal rhythm in RQ. Similarly, the effect of 10 years difference in age on RQ became significant during sleep; the decrease in RQ during sleep was blunted in older subjects. Inter-individual difference in RQ become apparent during sleep, and it might serve as a window to gain insight into the early-stage pathogenesis of metabolic inflexibility.
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Goldenshluger A, Constantini K, Goldstein N, Shelef I, Schwarzfuchs D, Zelicha H, Yaskolka Meir A, Tsaban G, Chassidim Y, Gepner Y. Effect of Dietary Strategies on Respiratory Quotient and Its Association with Clinical Parameters and Organ Fat Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072230. [PMID: 34209600 PMCID: PMC8308467 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The relation between changes in respiratory quotient (RQ) following dietary interventions and clinical parameters and body fat pools remains unknown. In this randomized controlled trial, participants with moderate abdominal obesity or/and dyslipidemia (n = 159) were randomly assigned to a Mediterranean/low carbohydrate (MED/LC, n = 80) or a low fat (LF, n = 79) isocaloric weight loss diet and completed a metabolic assessment. Changes in RQ (measured by indirect calorimeter), adipose-tissue pools (MRI), and clinical measurements were assessed at baseline and after 6 months of intervention. An elevated RQ at baseline was significantly associated with increased visceral adipose tissue, hepatic fat, higher levels of insulin and homeostatic insulin resistance. After 6 months, body weight had decreased similarly between the diet groups (−6 ± 6 kg). However, the MED/LC diet, which greatly improved metabolic health, decreased RQ significantly more than the LF diet (−0.022 ± 0.007 vs. −0.002 ± 0.008, p = 0.005). Total cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure were independently associated with RQ changes (p = 0.045). RQ was positively associated with increased superficial subcutaneous-adipose-tissue but decreased renal sinus, pancreatic, and intramuscular fats after adjusting for confounders. Fasting RQ may reflect differences in metabolic characteristics between subjects affecting their potential individual response to the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Goldenshluger
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 96678, Israel; (A.G.); (K.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Keren Constantini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 96678, Israel; (A.G.); (K.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Nir Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 96678, Israel; (A.G.); (K.C.); (N.G.)
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Radiology Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel;
| | - Dan Schwarzfuchs
- Emergency Medicine Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel;
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (H.Z.); (A.Y.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (H.Z.); (A.Y.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Gal Tsaban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (H.Z.); (A.Y.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Yoash Chassidim
- Industrial and Management Department, Sapir College, Sderot 79165, Israel;
| | - Yftach Gepner
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 96678, Israel; (A.G.); (K.C.); (N.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-733-804427
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