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Gupta N, Leapman MS, Loeb S. Plant-based diets, animal agriculture, and the connection with urological and planetary health. Curr Opin Urol 2024:00042307-990000000-00161. [PMID: 38832408 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarize the latest evidence regarding the impact of plant-based diets on urological and planetary health to facilitate patient counseling and research regarding dietary intervention. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have highlighted the association of plant-based diets with a lower risk of multiple urological conditions including prostate cancer, erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and nephrolithiasis, as well as benefits for planetary health. SUMMARY Plant-based diets are associated with numerous benefits that co-promote urological and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Gupta
- Department of Urology
- Department of Population Health, New York University
- Department of Surgery/Urology, Manhattan Veterans Affairs, Manhattan, New York
| | - Michael S Leapman
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stacy Loeb
- Department of Urology
- Department of Population Health, New York University
- Department of Surgery/Urology, Manhattan Veterans Affairs, Manhattan, New York
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Montgomery DR, Rabinowitz P, Sipos Y, Wheat EE. Soil health: A common focus for one health and planetary health interventions. One Health 2024; 18:100673. [PMID: 38283832 PMCID: PMC10820383 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Proponents of both the One Health and Planetary Health paradigms have acknowledged that current methods of agricultural food production are driving many environmental changes with negative human health consequences, including climate change, deforestation, and the emergence of zoonotic disease and antimicrobial resistance. Currently, the training of human health, veterinary, and public health professionals typically does not include aspects of soil health. Much of the resultant discussion in One Health and Planetary Health circles regarding interventions to address the health impact of agricultural practices has focused on measures such as advocating for dietary change toward plant based diets and increasing food safety, biosecurity, disease surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship. A greater understanding of soil health and its relationship to agricultural practices could prove foundational to many of the problems that the One Health and Planetary Health perspectives aim to address, including antimicrobial resistance, zoonotic disease emergence, food security, and climate change. A consequent global focus on the health of soils offers a promise of specific opportunities for preventive interventions and a greater convergence between the One Health and Planetary Health approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Montgomery
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Peter Rabinowitz
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Yona Sipos
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Eli E. Wheat
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, United States of America
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Babich JS, McMacken M, Correa L, Polito-Moller K, Chen K, Adams E, Morgenstern S, Katz M, Long TG, Joshi S, Wallach AB, Shah S, Boas R. Advancing Lifestyle Medicine in New York City's Public Health Care System. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2024; 8:279-292. [PMID: 38828080 PMCID: PMC11141270 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and much of this burden can be attributed to lifestyle and behavioral risk factors. Lifestyle medicine is an approach to preventing and treating lifestyle-related chronic disease using evidence-based lifestyle modification as a primary modality. NYC Health + Hospitals, the largest municipal public health care system in the United States, is a national pioneer in incorporating lifestyle medicine systemwide. In 2019, a pilot lifestyle medicine program was launched at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue to improve cardiometabolic health in high-risk patients through intensive support for evidence-based lifestyle changes. Analyses of program data collected from January 29, 2019 to February 26, 2020 demonstrated feasibility, high demand for services, high patient satisfaction, and clinically and statistically significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors. This pilot is being expanded to 6 new NYC Health + Hospitals sites spanning all 5 NYC boroughs. As part of the expansion, many changes have been implemented to enhance the original pilot model, scale services effectively, and generate more interest and incentives in lifestyle medicine for staff and patients across the health care system, including a plant-based default meal program for inpatients. This narrative review describes the pilot model and outcomes, the expansion process, and lessons learned to serve as a guide for other health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Babich
- NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY
- Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Michelle McMacken
- NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Kevin Chen
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
| | - Eric Adams
- 110th Mayor of the City of New York, New York, NY
| | - Samantha Morgenstern
- Sodexo, Healthcare, Sodexo USA, Gaithersburg, MD
- Food & Nutrition Services, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
| | | | - Theodore G. Long
- NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Shivam Joshi
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Orlando, FL
| | - Andrew B. Wallach
- NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
| | - Sapana Shah
- NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca Boas
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, NY
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Drewnowski A. Perspective: The Place of Pork Meat in Sustainable Healthy Diets. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100213. [PMID: 38508316 PMCID: PMC11035016 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The food systems sustainability framework has 4 domains: nutrition, economics, environment, and society. To qualify as sustainable, individual foods and total diets need to be nutrient-rich, affordable, environmentally friendly, and socially acceptable. Pork is the most consumed meat globally, providing high-quality protein and several priority micronutrients. With research attention focused on plant-based diets, it is time to assess the place of pork meat protein in the global sustainability framework. First, not all proteins are equal. The United States Department of Agriculture category of protein foods includes meat, poultry and fish, eggs, beans and legumes, and nuts and seeds. These protein sources have different protein digestibility profiles, different per-calorie prices, and different environmental footprints, measured in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Second, most analyses of animal-source proteins combine beef, pork, and lamb into a single category of red meat. Beef, pork, and lamb have different nutrient profiles, different protein costs, and different impacts on the environment. Future analyses of nutrient density and monetary and carbon costs of alternative diets would do well to separate pork from beef, lamb, and chicken. There are also different profiles of global food demand. Prior analyses of global Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database food balance sheets joined with World Bank country incomes have consistently shown that rising incomes across lower- and middle-income countries (LMIC) create a growing demand for meat to replace traditional plant proteins. Most of the observed increase has been for pork and chicken rather than beef. This ongoing LMIC protein transition toward more animal proteins may be irreversible as long as incomes grow. The present analyses explore the place of pork in sustainable healthy diets worldwide, given the need for high-quality protein and the predictable patterns of global food demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Drewnowski
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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Kraak VI, Aschemann-Witzel J. The Future of Plant-Based Diets: Aligning Healthy Marketplace Choices with Equitable, Resilient, and Sustainable Food Systems. Annu Rev Public Health 2024; 45:253-275. [PMID: 38772624 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-060722-032021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The future of plant-based diets is a complex public health issue inextricably linked to planetary health. Shifting the world's population to consume nutrient-rich, plant-based diets is among the most impactful strategies to transition to sustainable food systems to feed 10 billion people by 2050. This review summarizes how international expert bodies define sustainable diets and food systems and describes types of sustainable dietary patterns. It also explores how the type and proportion of plant- versus animal-source foods and alternative proteins relate to sustainable diets to reduce diet-related morbidity and mortality. Thereafter, we synthesize evidence for current challenges and actions needed to achieve plant-based sustainable dietary patterns using a conceptual framework with principles to promote human health, ecological health, social equity, and economic prosperity. We recommend strategies for governments, businesses, and civil society to encourage marketplace choices that lead to plant-rich sustainable diets within healthy, equitable, and resilient agroecological food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivica I Kraak
- 1Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA;
| | - Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
- 2MAPP Centre, Department of Management, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Reger C, Leitzmann MF, Rohrmann S, Kühn T, Sedlmeier AM, Jochem C. Sustainable diets and risk of overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13707. [PMID: 38343095 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable diets are gaining interest as a possible approach to tackle climate change and the global extent of obesity. Yet, the association between sustainable diets and adiposity remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, calculating summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We pooled maximally adjusted risk estimates, assessed heterogeneity and publication bias, calculated the E-value, and evaluated the risk of bias across the included studies. A total of eight studies were eligible for analysis. Comparing the highest versus the lowest levels of adherence to sustainable diets, the pooled effect estimate was 0.69 (95% CI = 0.62-0.76) for overweight and 0.61 (95% CI = 0.47-0.78) for obesity. These results suggest that sustainable diets may decrease the risk of overweight/obesity and therefore could serve as enablers for improving both public and planetary health. An agreed-upon clear definition of sustainable diets would enhance the comparability of future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Reger
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael F Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anja M Sedlmeier
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Translational Oncology, University Hospital, Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Jochem
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Oncina-Cánovas A, Vioque J, Riutort-Mayol G, Soler-Blasco R, Irizar A, Barroeta Z, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A, Vrijheid M, Guxens M, Carey M, Meharg C, Ralphs K, McCreanor C, Meharg A, Signes-Pastor AJ. Pro-vegetarian dietary patterns and essential and heavy metal exposure in children of 4-5-years from the INfancia y medio Ambiente cohort (INMA). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 257:114344. [PMID: 38430670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Dietary patterns provide a comprehensive assessment of food consumption, including essential nutrients and potential exposure to environmental contaminants. While pro-vegetarian (PVG) dietary patterns have shown health benefits in adults, their effects on children are less well studied. This study aims to explore the association between children's adherence to the most common PVG dietary patterns and their exposure to metals, assessed through urine concentration. In our study, we included a population of 723 children aged 4-5-years from the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) cohort in Spain. We calculated three predefined PVG dietary patterns, namely general (gPVG), healthful (hPVG), and unhealthful (uPVG), using dietary information collected through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Urinary concentrations of various essential and heavy metals (Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Pb, and Cd) were measured using mass spectrometry. Additionally, urinary arsenic speciation, including arsenobetaine (AsB), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and inorganic arsenic (iAs), was measured. The sum of urinary MMA and iAs was used to assess iAs exposure. We estimated primary (PMI) and secondary iAs methylation (SMI) indices. To explore the association between PVG dietary patterns in quintiles and metal exposure, we utilized multiple-adjusted linear regression models and the quantile g-computation approach. Compared with the lowest quintile, participants in the highest quintile of gPVG showed a 22.7% lower urinary Co (95% confidence interval (CI): -38.7; -1.98) and a 12.6% lower Se (95%CI: -22.9; -1.00) concentrations. Second quintile of adherence to hPVG was associated with a 51.7% lower urinary iAs + MMA concentrations (95%CI: -74.3; -8.61). Second quintile of adherence to an uPVG was associated with a 13.6% lower Se levels (95%CI: -22.9; -2.95) while the third quintile to this pattern was associated with 17.5% lower Mo concentrations (95%CI: -29.5; -2.95). The fourth quintile of adherence to gPVG was associated with a 68.5% higher PMI and a 53.7% lower SMI. Our study showed that adherence to a gPVG dietary pattern in childhood may modestly reduce the intakes of some essential metals such as Co and Se. Further investigations are warranted to explore any potential health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Riutort-Mayol
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Health Research Institute, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ziortza Barroeta
- Health Research Institute, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manus Carey
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Caroline Meharg
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kathryn Ralphs
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Coalain McCreanor
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew Meharg
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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Wang X, Yin Z, Yang Y, Fu X, Guo C, Pu K, Zang S. Association of plant-based dietary patterns with depression and anxiety symptoms in Chinese older adults: A nationwide study. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:838-846. [PMID: 38278327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of plant-based dietary patterns with depression and anxiety symptoms among older adults have not been extensively studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine these associations in Chinese older adults. METHODS Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was employed in the present study. The simplified food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CES-D-10) was used to evaluate depression symptoms, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. This study employed logistic regression and linear regression to examine the associations between plant-based dietary patterns and symptoms of depression and anxiety. RESULTS This study included 11,971 older adults, with a mean age of 83.23 ± 11.10 years. The results indicated that PDI and hPDI were negative associated with depression symptoms (adjusted β -0.09, 95 % CI -0.11, -0.07) (adjusted β -0.09, 95 % CI -0.11, -0.07) and anxiety symptoms (adjusted β -0.03, 95 % CI -0.04, -0.02) (adjusted β -0.04, 95 % CI -0.05, -0.02), while uPDI was positive associated with depression symptoms (adjusted β 0.09, 95 % CI 0.07, 0.11) and anxiety symptoms (adjusted β 0.04, 95 % CI 0.03, 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study have the potential to promote healthy dietary patterns in older adults, and may have implications for the prevention and management of depression and anxiety in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Library of China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Huangdao District Central Hospital, No. 9 Huangpujiang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266555, China
| | - Chaowei Guo
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Keping Pu
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110122, China.
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9
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Ronto R, Alves Lopes CV, Bogueva D, Davis B, Bhatti AJ, Navarrete P, Chau JY. Exploring Australian News Media Portrayals of Sustainable and Plant-Based Diets. Nutrients 2024; 16:996. [PMID: 38613028 PMCID: PMC11013140 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dietary behaviour transformation is imperative for the attainment of more sustainable food systems, including an increased intake of plant-based foods and lower consumption of red meat and highly processed foods. The influence of news media coverage on public opinion regarding dietary behaviours is significant. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how sustainable/plant-based diets have been portrayed in Australian news media. (2) Methods: The Factiva global news database was used to search news articles published in Australia between 2018 and 2020. Relevant news articles were selected if they included keywords relating to sustainable diets, plant-based diets, and meat alternatives. We used a coding protocol to extract key information, such as date of publication, article topic, and any health, environmental and economic impacts. Then, we performed a framing and thematic analysis of the data. (3) Results: From 357 included articles, more than half of the articles encouraged increasing the intake of plant-based foods (53.5%) and reducing animal-derived food intake (55.2%). Several reasons for such shift from animal protein centric Australian diets were identified throughout the articles such as health benefits (15.4%), environmental impacts (11.2%), animal welfare (4.8%), seasonality and local food intake (5.3%), avoiding overconsumption (4.5%) and food wastage (4.5%). (4) Conclusions: The predominant frame in Australian news coverage about sustainable diets has been about consumption, more plant- and less animal-based products, with little nuance about the complex interplay of diet quality and environment in influencing food choices. Australian news media should broaden its coverage of sustainable diets to include health, environmental, and economic factors to improve public understanding and facilitate informed and sustainable food choices. Further research is needed to enhance comprehension of how the audience perceives media coverage on this topic, which will provide a more thorough understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carla Vanessa Alves Lopes
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Diana Bogueva
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute (CUSP), Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Barbara Davis
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alexandra J. Bhatti
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Priscilla Navarrete
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
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Goldman DM, Warbeck CB, Waterfall TJ, Sud A, Quarshie M, Craddock JC. Plant-based and Early Time-restricted Eating for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Narrative Review. Can J Diabetes 2024:S1499-2671(24)00058-3. [PMID: 38513822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant public health challenge for which effective lifestyle interventions are needed. A growing body of evidence supports the use of both plant-based eating patterns and early time-restricted eating (eTRE) for the prevention and treatment of T2D, but research has not yet explored the potential of these dietary strategies in combination. In this narrative review we assessed the evidence by which plant-based diets, in conjunction with eTRE, could support T2D care. The electronic databases MEDLINE and the Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published throughout the last decade. Observational research has shown that healthy plant-based eating patterns and eTRE are associated with reductions in T2D risk. Interventional trials demonstrated that plant-based diets promote improvements in glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, glycemic control, and cardiometabolic risk factors. These changes may be mediated, in part, by reductions in oxidative stress, dietary acid load, and hepatocellular and intramyocellular lipids. The eTRE strategies were also shown to improve insulin resistance and glycemic control, and mechanisms of action included enhanced regulation of circadian rhythm and increased metabolic flexibility. Integrating these dietary strategies may produce additive benefits, mediated by reduced visceral adiposity and beneficial shifts in gut microbiota composition. However, potential barriers to concurrent implementation of these interventions may exist, including social challenges, scheduling constraints, and tolerance. Prospective trials are needed to examine their acceptability and clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassandra B Warbeck
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Adam Sud
- Plant-Based for Positive Change, Austin, Texas, United States
| | | | - Joel C Craddock
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Saraswati CM, Judge MA, Weeda LJZ, Bassat Q, Prata N, Le Souëf PN, Bradshaw CJA. Net benefit of smaller human populations to environmental integrity and individual health and wellbeing. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1339933. [PMID: 38504675 PMCID: PMC10949988 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The global human population is still growing such that our collective enterprise is driving environmental catastrophe. Despite a decline in average population growth rate, we are still experiencing the highest annual increase of global human population size in the history of our species-averaging an additional 84 million people per year since 1990. No review to date has accumulated the available evidence describing the associations between increasing population and environmental decline, nor solutions for mitigating the problems arising. Methods We summarize the available evidence of the relationships between human population size and growth and environmental integrity, human prosperity and wellbeing, and climate change. We used PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify all relevant peer-reviewed and gray-literature sources examining the consequences of human population size and growth on the biosphere. We reviewed papers describing and quantifying the risks associated with population growth, especially relating to climate change. Results These risks are global in scale, such as greenhouse-gas emissions, climate disruption, pollution, loss of biodiversity, and spread of disease-all potentially catastrophic for human standards of living, health, and general wellbeing. The trends increasing the risks of global population growth are country development, demographics, maternal education, access to family planning, and child and maternal health. Conclusion Support for nations still going through a demographic transition is required to ensure progress occurs within planetary boundaries and promotes equity and human rights. Ensuring the wellbeing for all under this aim itself will lower population growth and further promote environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melinda A. Judge
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Lewis J. Z. Weeda
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Quique Bassat
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Paediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ndola Prata
- Bixby Center for Population Health and Sustainability, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Peter N. Le Souëf
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Corey J. A. Bradshaw
- Global Ecology | Partuyarta Ngadluku Wardli Kuu, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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12
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Williamson E, Ross IL, Wall BT, Hankamer B. Microalgae: potential novel protein for sustainable human nutrition. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:370-382. [PMID: 37690907 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
To support a global population of ~10 billion people in 2050, dietary protein demand is forecast to increase 32-78% compared to 2017, requiring significantly higher planetary resources. Microalgae are an attractive sustainable protein source compared with current plant and animal sources. Benefits include mass scalability, low CO2 emissions, and significantly reduced land and freshwater use per unit protein. Microalgae are already used as food products and numerous species exhibit high total protein contents and well-balanced essential amino acid (EAA) compositions for human dietary requirements. Microalgae proteins are also bioavailable for human digestion, and downstream processing steps are likely to further enhance protein digestibility. Species, cultivation, and process/product optimisation are actively being developed to enhance their nutritional, social, and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Williamson
- Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ian L Ross
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Wall
- Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Benjamin Hankamer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Jaeger SR, Dupas de Matos A, Frempomaa Oduro A, Hort J. Sensory characteristics of plant-based milk alternatives: Product characterisation by consumers and drivers of liking. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114093. [PMID: 38395562 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Like other plant-based (PB) product categories, PB milk alternatives (PBMA) are in ascendency as part of the green consumer transition and a greater focus on personal health. However, consumption remains far below that for cow's milk, and among multiple barriers to uptake, inferior sensory properties is one problem, nutritional inadequacies another. While exceptions exist in both instances, a general need for improved products remains. The present research is situated in this nexus, and its primary aim was to contribute new consumer-centric insight regarding the sensory drivers of liking/disliking in the PBMA category. This was achieved through a central location study with adult New Zealanders (n = 143, not regular PBMA consumers) who tasted 18 different PBMA samples spanning a broad range of PB ingredients (soy, oat, coconut, almond, rice, cashew, peanut, macadamia, lentil, hemp, sesame) in different product types (single PB source, blends, barista style) with varying nutritional profiles. The most liked sample (6.5/9), which was made from soy, had the nutritional profile that most approximated cow's milk (3 g/100 mL protein), as well as a milky appearance and taste. Its mouthfeel was smooth, and this sensory characteristic was also paramount for barista-style PBMAs being well-liked (>5.9/9) regardless of their constituent PB ingredient (oat, almond, coconut). Opportunities for product innovation within this type of PBMA was identified including for using barista-style beyond hot beverages, as these samples received positive liking scores on average. The same applied to blends as multiple-source PBMAs can facilitate improved nutritional composition, and significant scope seemed to exist to identify more liked vs less liked PB ingredient combinations (e.g., almond/rice vs coconut/sesame). By identifying, through penalty/lift analysis that positive sensory drivers of PBMA liking span all sensory modalities (appearance, taste, flavour, texture and mouthfeel), it becomes easier to appreciate that products in this category are complex and challenging to optimise. A second minor research aim was focused on the modulating influence of PBMA consumption frequency on product liking and the sensory drivers of liking. The key result was a positive association between liking and higher consumption frequency, and greater appreciation of sweet, coconut, nutty and cereal/oaty characteristics of PBMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Jaeger
- Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Amanda Dupas de Matos
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand; Food Experience and Sensory Testing (Feast) Lab, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ama Frempomaa Oduro
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand; Food Experience and Sensory Testing (Feast) Lab, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Joanne Hort
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand; Food Experience and Sensory Testing (Feast) Lab, Massey University, 4410 Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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14
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Shen X, Tilves C, Kim H, Tanaka T, Spira AP, Chia CW, Talegawkar SA, Ferrucci L, Mueller NT. Plant-based diets and the gut microbiome: findings from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:628-638. [PMID: 38218318 PMCID: PMC10972708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence indicates that although some plant-based diets are healthful, others are not. Changes in the gut microbiome and microbiome-dependent metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), may explain differential health effects of plant-based diets. However, human data are sparse on whether qualitatively distinct types of plant-based diets differentially affect gut microbiome diversity, composition, particularly at the species level, and/or metabolites. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine cross-sectional associations of different plant-based indices with adult gut microbiome diversity, composition, and the metabolite TMAO. METHODS We studied 705 adults in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging with data for diet, fecal microbiome (shotgun metagenomic sequencing), and key covariates. We derived healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) using data from food frequency questionnaires. We examined plant-based diet indices with microbiome α-diversity (richness and evenness measures), β-diversity (Bray-Curtis and UniFrac measures), composition (species level), and plasma TMAO. We used regression models to determine associations before and after adjustment for age, sex, education, physical activity, smoking status, body mass index, and total energy intake. RESULTS The analytic sample (mean age, 71.0 years, SD = 12.8 years) comprised 55.6% female and 67.5% non-Hispanic White participants. hPDI was positively and uPDI negatively associated with microbiome α-diversity, driven by microbial evenness (Pielou P < 0.05). hPDI was also positively associated with relative abundance of 3 polysaccharide-degrading bacterial species (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium eligens, and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) and inversely associated with 6 species (Blautia hydrogenotrophica, Doreasp CAG 317, Eisenbergiella massiliensis, Sellimonas intestinalis, Blautia wexlerae, and Alistipes shahii). Furthermore, hPDI was inversely associated with TMAO. Associations did not differ by age, sex, or race. CONCLUSIONS Greater adherence to a healthful plant-based diet is associated with microbiome features that have been linked to positive health; adherence to an unhealthful plant-based diet has opposing or null associations with these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Curtis Tilves
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Adam P Spira
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chee W Chia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sameera A Talegawkar
- Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health at the George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States.
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15
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Komati N, Vieux F, Maillot M, Darmon N, Calvarin J, Lecerf JM, Amiot MJ, Belzunces L, Tailliez D. Environmental impact and nutritional quality of adult diet in France based on fruit and vegetable intakes. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:195-207. [PMID: 37801156 PMCID: PMC10799092 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the nutritional quality and environmental impact of self-selected diets of adults in France in relation to their fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes. METHODS Estimates of food and nutrient intakes were taken from the national INCA3 Survey on food intakes carried out in France in 2014-2015. The population (n = 2121 adults) was split into five quintiles of FV intakes, in g/d (Q1 representing the lowest intake, and Q5 the highest). The nutritional quality of diets was assessed through 4 indicators: mean adequacy ratio (MAR), solid energy density, mean excess ratio (MER) and Programme National Nutrition Santé guideline score 2 (PNNS-GS2). The environmental impacts were measured with environmental footprint (EF) scores and 4 additional indicators: climate change, ozone depletion, fine particulate matter and water use. Indicators were compared between quintiles. Analysis was conducted on diets adjusted to 2000 kcal. RESULTS MAR and PNNS-GS2 increased with increased FV quintiles, while solid energy density decreased. Fibre, potassium, vitamin B9 and vitamin C densities increased with increasing FV intakes. Climate change, ozone depletion and fine particulate matter impacts of diets decreased with increasing quintiles of FV consumption. Conversely, water use impact increased. CONCLUSION Higher intake of FV is associated with higher nutritional quality of diets and lower environmental impact, except for water use. Given the benefits of fruit and vegetables for human health and the environment, their negative impact on water use could be improved by working on the agricultural upstream, rather than by changing individuals' food choices and reducing their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Komati
- Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris, France.
| | | | | | - Nicole Darmon
- MoISA, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Johanna Calvarin
- Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Lecerf
- Nutrition & Physical Activity Department, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- INRAE-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Belzunces
- INRAE, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, UR 0406 A&E, Avignon, France
| | - Delphine Tailliez
- Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris, France
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Wiśniewska K, Okręglicka KM, Nitsch-Osuch A, Oczkowski M. Plant-Based Diets and Metabolic Syndrome Components: The Questions That Still Need to Be Answered-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:165. [PMID: 38201994 PMCID: PMC10780839 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the co-occurrence of at least three of the following metabolic disorders: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high blood glucose, and hypertension. The treatment of MetS involves lifestyle changes, including following an appropriate diet. In addition to weight reduction, it is crucial to search for optimal nutritional patterns that are highly effective in optimizing other MetS markers, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, and reducing blood pressure. To date, the effects of a Mediterranean diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on MetS have been extensively evaluated. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that plant-based diets (PBDs) may be effective in treating MetS; however, there is still a lack of experimental data. This review aims to analyze the potential benefits of different PBDs on MetS determinants based on the available studies. The findings may help personalize dietary interventions and improve patient care for those with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Wiśniewska
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 3 Oczki Street, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.O.); (A.N.-O.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Małgorzata Okręglicka
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 3 Oczki Street, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.O.); (A.N.-O.)
| | - Aneta Nitsch-Osuch
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 3 Oczki Street, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.O.); (A.N.-O.)
| | - Michał Oczkowski
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Dupuis L, Varshney A, Patel J, Joshi S. Climate crisis and nephrology: a review of climate change's impact on nephrology and how to combat it. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024; 33:110-114. [PMID: 37909844 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is worsening with tangible effects on our healthcare system. This review aims to examine the repercussions of the climate change on nephrology and explore potential strategies to mitigate its impact. This review examines dialysis's environmental impact, resource recycling methods, and plant-based diets for kidney health. Recent research highlights the advantages of plant-based diets in managing and preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. Integrating these practices can significantly lessen the environmental impact of nephrology. PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study is to discuss the bidirectional relationship of climate change and kidney disease and the impact of nephrology on climate change and to discuss potential solutions. RECENT FINDINGS Each dialysis session consumes significant amounts of resource; reusing them will aid the environment. Plant-based diets slow renal disease and have a lower carbon footprint, making them ecologically friendly. SUMMARY Climate change is a growing threat to population health and healthcare. Rising temperatures raise the risk of kidney problems. Dialysis treatments also impact the environment through its high resource requirements while generating high volumes of waste and greenhouse gases. Opportunities exist to reduce the environmental impact of dialysis treatments. Plant-based diets serve to benefit both kidney disease and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Dupuis
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Aarushi Varshney
- University of Central Florida HCA Healthcare GME, Greater Orlando
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Jason Patel
- University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Shivam Joshi
- Orlando VA Medical Center, Orlando, Florida
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Yanni AE, Iakovidi S, Vasilikopoulou E, Karathanos VT. Legumes: A Vehicle for Transition to Sustainability. Nutrients 2023; 16:98. [PMID: 38201928 PMCID: PMC10780344 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes are an excellent source of protein and have been used in the human diet for centuries. Consumption of legumes has been linked to several health benefits, including a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and certain types of cancer, while legumes' high fiber content promotes digestive health. Aside from the positive health benefits, one of the most significant advantages of legumes is the low environmental footprint of their cultivation. They can be grown in a variety of climates and soil types, and they require less water and fertilizer than other crops, making them a sustainable option for farmers. Thanks to their nutritional and physicochemical properties, they are widely used by the food industry since the growing popularity of plant-based diets and the increasing demand for alternatives to meat offers the opportunity to develop legume-based meat substitutes. As the use of legumes as a source of protein becomes widespread, new market opportunities could be created for farmers and food industries, while the reduction in healthcare costs could have a potential economic impact. Achieving widespread adoption of legumes as a sustainable source of protein requires coordinated efforts by individuals, governments, and the private sector. The objective of this narrative review is to present the benefits coming from legume consumption in terms of health and environmental sustainability, and underline the importance of promoting their inclusion in the daily dietary pattern as well as their use as functional ingredients and plant-based alternatives to animal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia E. Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave, 176-71 Athens, Greece; (S.I.); (E.V.); (V.T.K.)
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Rzymski P. Avian influenza outbreaks in domestic cats: another reason to consider slaughter-free cell-cultured poultry? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1283361. [PMID: 38163084 PMCID: PMC10754994 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1283361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza causes substantial economic loss in the poultry industry and potentially threatens human health. Over recent years, the highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus has led to devastating losses in poultry flocks and wild birds. At the same time, the number of mammalian species identified to be infected with A/H5N1 is increasing, with recent outbreaks in domestic cats, including household individuals, evidenced in July 2023 in Poland, ultimately creating opportunities for the virus to adapt better to mammalian hosts, including humans. Overall, between 2003 and 2023, over 10 outbreaks in felids have been documented globally, and in six of them, feed based on raw chicken was suspected as a potential source of A/H5N1, fuelling a debate on threats posed by A/H5N1 and methods to decrease the associated risks. This article debates that technology allowing the production of slaughter-free meat, including poultry, from cell and tissue cultures could be considered as a part of a mitigation strategy to decrease the overall burden and threat of adaptation of avian influenza viruses to human hosts. By shifting poultry production to the cultured meat industry, the frequency of A/H5N1 outbreaks in farmed birds may be decreased, leading to a reduced risk of virus acquisition by wild and domesticated mammals that have direct contact with birds or eat raw poultry and have close contact with human (including domestic cats), ultimately minimizing the potential of A/H5N1 to adapt better to mammalian host, including humans. This adds to the list of other benefits of cultured meat that are also reviewed in this paper, including decreased antibiotic use, risk of microbial contamination and parasite transmission, and environmental and ethical advantages over conventional slaughtered meat. In conclusion, further development and implementation of this technology, also in the context of poultry production, is strongly advocated. Although cultured poultry is unlikely to replace the conventional process in the near future due to challenges with scaling up the production and meeting the continuously increased demand for poultry meat, it may still decrease the pressures and threats related to the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza in selected world regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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20
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Ziegler C, Muchira J. Climate Change: The Ultimate Determinant of Health. Prim Care 2023; 50:645-655. [PMID: 37866837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Climate change ubiquitously influences social determinants of health via various pathways. Disproportionately burdening communities who have contributed the least to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and benefitted the least from economic benefits obtained through high-emission activities that cause climate change, climate justice must be centered in any discussion of health equity. This article will explore how climate change contributes to health disparities in vulnerable populations, why this is a justice issue for primary care to address, and what we can do to promote equity, resilience, and adaption in our current economic system while mitigating GHG emissions, leveraging the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ziegler
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
| | - James Muchira
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. https://twitter.com/JamesMuturi5
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Tarro L, Mandracchia F, Queral J, Besora-Moreno M, Vilanova N, Valls RM, Pedret A, Solà R, Llauradó E. Impact of an Intervention on Healthy Offerings and Allergenic Food Management in Restaurants: A Parallel Randomized Controlled Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4869. [PMID: 38068728 PMCID: PMC10708017 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of out-of-home meals is increasing. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of an intervention on healthy offerings and the management of food allergies and intolerances. Ten (control group) and eight restaurants (intervention group) were randomized in a 12-month parallel controlled trial. The outcomes were changes regarding adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMed) and gluten management (SMAP) criteria, the traffic light rating category, nutrients, and gluten- and allergen-free content of dishes. After 12 months, and compared with baseline, there was an improvement of ≥25% in four items of the AMed criteria in the intervention group, whereas an increase in the offer of dairy desserts without added sugar, and a decrease in the first course offerings of vegetables and/or legumes were observed in the control group (p < 0.05). Also, after 12 months, there was an improvement of ≥50% in four SMAP criteria (p < 0.05) and in the mean average of all SMAP criteria (p = 0.021) compared with baseline in the intervention group, in which intra- and inter-group improvements for desserts in traffic light ratings, nutrients, and allergens were observed (p < 0.05). Therefore, the intervention showed beneficial effects, improving the quality of menus toward the Mediterranean diet pattern and gluten and food allergy/intolerance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Tarro
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Floriana Mandracchia
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Judit Queral
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Besora-Moreno
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Nerea Vilanova
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Valls
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Pedret
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus-Tarragona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (L.T.); (F.M.); (J.Q.); (M.B.-M.); (N.V.); (R.M.V.); (A.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus-Tarragona, Spain
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22
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Zhu Y, Zheng Q, Huang L, Jiang X, Gao X, Li J, Liu R. The effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291732. [PMID: 37792722 PMCID: PMC10550137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant health challenge. Plant-based dietary patterns are a series dietary habits that emphasized foods derived from plant sources more and from animal foods less. Now, no consensus exists on the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the incident of GDM. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the risk of developing GDM. METHODS This systematic review was conducted following the checklist of PRISMA. Six electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang, and Chinese Scientific Journals Database were searched from inception to November 20, 2022. A fixed or random effect model was used to synthesize results of included studies. Then, subgroup analysis, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were performed to assure the reliability and stability of the results. RESULTS Ten studies including 32,006 participants were identified. The results of this study showed that the better adherence to the plant-based dietary patterns was related to the lower risk of developing GDM (RR = 0.88[0.81 to 0.96], I2 = 14.8%). The slightly stronger association between plant-based diets and the risk of developing GDM was found when healthy plant-based dietary pattern index was included in pooled estimate (RR = 0.86[0.79 to 0.94], I2 = 8.3%), compared with that unhealthy one was included (RR = 0.90[0.82 to 0.98], I2 = 8.3%). CONCLUSION The plant-based dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of developing GDM. Furthermore, healthy plant-based dietary patterns are more recommended than unhealthy one. It is significant to help medical staff to guide pregnant women to choose reasonable diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - QingXiang Zheng
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - XiuMin Jiang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - XiaoXia Gao
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - JiaNing Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - RuLin Liu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
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23
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Zhang W, Peng Y, Kang X, Wang C, Chen F, He Y, Li W. Healthy and Unhealthy Plant-Based Diets and Glioma in the Chinese Population. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1401. [PMID: 37891770 PMCID: PMC10605677 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets have been suggested to help prevent various chronic diseases, including cancer. However, there are few reports on central nervous system tumors, and data on dose-response relationships are lacking. This individual-matched case-control study included 506 cases and 506 controls. The overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and the unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI) were calculated using dietary information collected through a food frequency questionnaire, with higher scores indicating better adherence. We analyzed the relationship of plant-based diets with glioma. After adequate adjustment for confounders, PDI was associated with a reduced glioma risk (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.24-0.72). Conversely, uPDI was associated with an elevated glioma risk (OR = 8.04, 95% CI: 4.15-15.60). However, hPDI was not significantly associated with glioma risk (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.48-1.45). For subgroups, PDI was not significant in analyzing young age, BMI, or any pathological subtypes. The restricted cubic spline function showed a significant dose-response relationship between PDI (p-nonlinearity< 0.0001) and uPDI (p-nonlinearity= 0.0711) and glioma. Further analysis found that refined grains had the greatest effect on gliomas in the less healthy plant-based food group. Therefore, following a plant-based diet was linked to a lower risk of glioma, especially when consuming fewer unhealthy plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (X.K.); (C.W.); (F.C.); (Y.H.)
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24
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Moustsen VA, Seddon YM, Hansen MJ. Animal board invited review: The need to consider emissions, economics and pig welfare in the transition from farrowing crates to pens with loose lactating sows. Animal 2023; 17:100913. [PMID: 37573640 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the development and implementation of housing systems for pigs, there has been a significant focus on pig welfare including loose housing of lactating sows either indoors or outdoors. However, it is equally important to consider the environmental and economic aspects of housing systems to ensure sustainability in livestock production. The aim of this work was to review the sustainability (societal and animal welfare, environmental and economic impact) of different approaches for housing farrowing and lactating sows in indoor environments. The review illustrates that like outdoor systems, indoor housing systems are challenged in meeting the three pillars of sustainability when changing the housing of lactating sows from conventional crates with permanent confinement to systems with temporary or zero-confinement. Increased space allowance increases sow welfare, but in addition, pen designs with increased space increase ammonia emission, investment and running costs. Furthermore, indoor loose lactation systems come with an increased risk for piglet mortality, which unless effectively managed, reduces animal welfare and the economic sustainability of the system. If farms retrofit existing buildings, the larger space per loose farrowing pen leads to a reduction in pen numbers and therefore herd size, reducing the farm profitability. If farmers choose to reduce herd size to meet requirements, welfare will be reduced while emissions will be increased as more sows are brought into production again in other countries, often in conventional systems with fully slatted flooring, to meet the demand for animal protein to feed the growing global population. The review indicates there are ways to house lactating sows loose indoors with increased opportunity to perform highly motivated species-specific behaviours compared to the conventional crates with continuous confinement. These systems can offer a lower risk for environmental impact and economic risk through reducing piglet mortality. Nevertheless, a trade-off for continual freedom of sow movement may be required as zero-confinement increases the risk of piglet mortality and increased emissions. It is important to raise awareness among citizens and policy makers that loose farrowing and lactating systems if applied today, come with a higher production cost and the risk of increased environmental impact. More research and development is needed in relation to the environmental and economic impact of these systems in order to give farmers the best information to invest in new and more sustainable production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Moustsen
- SEGES Innovation P/S, Agro Food Park 15, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Y M Seddon
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - M J Hansen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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25
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Flint M, Bowles S, Lynn A, Paxman JR. Novel plant-based meat alternatives: future opportunities and health considerations. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:370-385. [PMID: 36603854 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Present food systems threaten population and environmental health. Evidence suggests reduced meat and increased plant-based food consumption would align with climate change and health promotion priorities. Accelerating this transition requires greater understanding of determinants of plant-based food choice. A thriving plant-based food industry has emerged to meet consumer demand and support dietary shift towards plant-based eating. 'Traditional' plant-based diets are low-energy density, nutrient dense, low in saturated fat and purportedly associated with health benefits. However, fast-paced contemporary lifestyles continue to fuel growing demand for meat-mimicking plant-based convenience foods which are typically ultra-processed. Processing can improve product safety and palatability and enable fortification and enrichment. However, deleterious health consequences have been associated with ultra-processing, though there is a paucity of equivocal evidence regarding the health value of novel plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) and their capacity to replicate the nutritional profile of meat-equivalents. Thus, despite the health halo often associated with plant-based eating, there is a strong rationale to improve consumer literacy of PBMAs. Understanding the impact of extensive processing on health effects may help to justify the use of innovative methods designed to maintain health benefits associated with particular foods and ingredients. Furthering knowledge regarding the nutritional value of novel PBMAs will increase consumer awareness and thus support informed choice. Finally, knowledge of factors influencing engagement of target consumer subgroups with such products may facilitate production of desirable, healthier PBMAs. Such evidence-based food manufacturing practice has the potential to positively influence future individual and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Flint
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Simon Bowles
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Anthony Lynn
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Jenny R Paxman
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
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26
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Silva BM, Rato L, Vaz CV, Vinha A, Oliveira MBPP. Editorial: Fruits, vegetables and herbs: medicinal chemistry, metabolic and health effects. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1225577. [PMID: 37502718 PMCID: PMC10370271 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1225577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Rato
- (CICS-UBI) Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Cátia V. Vaz
- (CICS-UBI) Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana Vinha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Porto, Portugal
- FP-ENAS (UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit), CEBIMED (Biomedical Research Centre), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria B. P. P. Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Porto, Portugal
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27
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Irazusta-Garmendia A, Orpí E, Bach-Faig A, González Svatetz CA. Food Sustainability Knowledge, Attitudes, and Dietary Habits among Students and Professionals of the Health Sciences. Nutrients 2023; 15:2064. [PMID: 37432192 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of a sustainable diet is an emerging concept within sustainable food systems. Food systems emit 30% of greenhouse gases, which needs to change. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and habits of students and professionals in the health sciences regarding a sustainable diet, comparing these to the Spanish population. We further aimed to analyse the consistency between the knowledge and attitudes of these individuals and their dietary habits and analyse the consumption of different food groups that are typical of a sustainable diet. A survey was completed by a total of 415 participants, both university students in the health sciences and health professionals. These two groups were more knowledgeable of sustainable diets than the general population, although certain concepts are unfamiliar to both populations. A positive attitude towards sustainable food habits was also observed among the population studied. The health sector reported having better eating habits than the overall population. A significant positive correlation was observed between higher fruit and vegetable consumption and deeper knowledge and more favourable attitudes. People with less knowledge and worse attitudes reported consuming more red and processed meat. The findings of this study could inform targeted interventions for health professionals given the need to promote a healthy diet but also a healthy and sustainable diet for planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Irazusta-Garmendia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Rambla del Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Orpí
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Rambla del Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bach-Faig
- FoodLab Research Group (2921 SGR 01357), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Rambla del Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Food and Nutrition Area, Barcelona Official College of Pharmacists, 08009 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A González Svatetz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Rambla del Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
- Investigador Emérito, Unidad Nutrición y Cáncer, Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO-IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Frittitta L, Vigneri M. Climate changes and nutrition sustainibility. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-023-02071-x. [PMID: 36964870 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Frittitta
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122, Catania, Italy.
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy.
| | - M Vigneri
- Health and Environmental Group, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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29
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Messina M, Duncan AM, Glenn AJ, Mariotti F. Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Can Help Facilitate and Maintain a Lower Animal to Plant Protein Intake Ratio. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:392-405. [PMID: 36906147 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The health and environmental advantages of plant-predominant diets will likely lead to increasing numbers of consumers reducing their reliance on animal products. Consequently, health organizations and professionals will need to provide guidance on how best to make this change. In many developed countries, nearly twice as much protein is derived from animal versus plant sources. Potential benefits could result from consuming a higher share of plant protein. Advice to consume equal amounts from each source is more likely to be embraced than advice to eschew all or most animal products. However, much of the plant protein currently consumed comes from refined grains, which is unlikely to provide the benefits associated with plant-predominant diets. In contrast, legumes provide ample amounts of protein as well other components such as fiber, resistant starch, and polyphenolics, which are collectively thougt to exert health benefits. But despite their many accolades and endorsement by the nutrition community, legumes make a negligible contribution to global protein intake, especially in developed countries. Furthermore, evidence suggests the consumption of cooked legumes will not substantially increase over the next several decades. We argue here that plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) made from legumes are a viable alternative, or a complement, to consuming legumes in the traditional manner. These products may be accepted by meat eaters because they can emulate the orosensory properties and functionality of the foods they are intended to replace. PBMAs can be both transition foods and maintenance foods in that they can facilitate the transition to a plant-predominant diet and make it easier to maintain. PBMAs also have a distinct advantage of being able to be fortified with shortfall nutrients in plant-predominant diets. Whether existing PBMAs provide similar health benefits as whole legumes, or can be formulated to do so, remains to be established. Adv Nutr 2023;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Messina
- Soy Nutrition Institute Global, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Alison M Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelp, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea J Glenn
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francois Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Palaiseau, France
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30
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Gueugneau M, Capel F, Monfoulet LE, Polakof S. Metabolomics signatures of plant protein intake: effects of amino acids and compounds associated with plant protein on cardiometabolic health. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:189-194. [PMID: 36892966 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An increase in the plant-based characteristics of the diet is now recommended for human and planetary health. There is growing evidence that plant protein (PP) intake has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk. However, proteins are not consumed isolated and the protein package (lipid species, fiber, vitamins, phytochemicals, etc) may contribute, besides the protein effects per se, to explain the beneficial effects associated with PP-rich diets. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shown the potential of nutrimetabolomics to apprehend the complexity of both the human metabolism and the dietary habits, by providing signatures associated to the consumption of PP-rich diets. Those signatures comprised an important proportion of metabolites that were representative of the protein package, including specific amino acids (branched-chain amino acids and their derivates, glycine, lysine), but also lipid species (lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylcholine, plasmalogens) and polyphenol metabolites (catechin sulfate, conjugated valerolactones and phenolic acids). SUMMARY Further studies are needed to go deeper in the identification of all metabolites making part of the specific metabolomic signatures, associated to the large range of protein package constituents and their effects on the endogenous metabolism, rather than to the protein fraction itself. The objective is to determine the bioactive metabolites, as well as the modulated metabolic pathways and the mechanisms responsible for the observed effects on cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Gueugneau
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UMR1019, Unité Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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31
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Diaz CJ, Douglas KJ, Kang K, Kolarik AL, Malinovski R, Torres-Tiji Y, Molino JV, Badary A, Mayfield SP. Developing algae as a sustainable food source. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1029841. [PMID: 36742010 PMCID: PMC9892066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1029841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Current agricultural and food production practices are facing extreme stress, posed by climate change and an ever-increasing human population. The pressure to feed nearly 8 billion people while maintaining a minimal impact on the environment has prompted a movement toward new, more sustainable food sources. For thousands of years, both the macro (seaweed and kelp) and micro (unicellular) forms of algae have been cultivated as a food source. Algae have evolved to be highly efficient at resource utilization and have proven to be a viable source of nutritious biomass that could address many of the current food production issues. Particularly for microalgae, studies of their large-scale growth and cultivation come from the biofuel industry; however, this knowledge can be reasonably translated into the production of algae-based food products. The ability of algae to sequester CO2 lends to its sustainability by helping to reduce the carbon footprint of its production. Additionally, algae can be produced on non-arable land using non-potable water (including brackish or seawater), which allows them to complement rather than compete with traditional agriculture. Algae inherently have the desired qualities of a sustainable food source because they produce highly digestible proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, and are rich in essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Although algae have yet to be fully domesticated as food sources, a variety of cultivation and breeding tools exist that can be built upon to allow for the increased productivity and enhanced nutritional and organoleptic qualities that will be required to bring algae to mainstream utilization. Here we will focus on microalgae and cyanobacteria to highlight the current advancements that will expand the variety of algae-based nutritional sources, as well as outline various challenges between current biomass production and large-scale economic algae production for the food market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crisandra J. Diaz
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kai J. Douglas
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kalisa Kang
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ashlynn L. Kolarik
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Rodeon Malinovski
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasin Torres-Tiji
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - João V. Molino
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Amr Badary
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Stephen P. Mayfield
- Mayfield Lab, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,California Center for Algae Biotechnology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Stephen P. Mayfield,
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32
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Ruani MA, Reiss MJ. Susceptibility to COVID-19 Nutrition Misinformation and Eating Behavior Change during Lockdowns: An International Web-Based Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020451. [PMID: 36678321 PMCID: PMC9861671 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the susceptibility to nutrition-health misinformation related to preventing, treating, or mitigating the risk of COVID-19 during the initial lockdowns around the world, the present international web-based survey study (15 April-15 May 2020) gauged participants' (n = 3707) level of nutrition-health misinformation discernment by presenting them with 25 statements (including unfounded or unproven claims circulated at the time), alongside the influence of information sources of varying quality on the frequency of changes in their eating behavior and the extent of misinformation held, depending on the source used for such changes. Results revealed widespread misinformation about food, eating, and health practices related to COVID-19, with the 25 statements put to participants receiving up to 43% misinformed answers (e.g., 'It is safe to eat fruits and vegetables that have been washed with soap or diluted bleach'). Whereas higher quality information sources (nutrition scientists, nutrition professionals) had the biggest influence on eating behavior change, we found greater misinformation susceptibility when relying on poor quality sources for changing diet. Appropriate discernment of misinformation was weakest amongst participants who more frequently changed their eating behavior because of information from poor quality sources, suggesting disparities in the health risks/safety of the changes performed.
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Assessing dietary patterns: Capturing the complexity of a “way of life”. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2022; 83:151. [DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2022-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Légeret C, Lohmann C, Pedrini L, Sarbach L, Furlano R, Köhler H. Use of Health-Promoting Food and Supplements in Swiss Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121842. [PMID: 36553285 PMCID: PMC9776924 DOI: 10.3390/children9121842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our diet is the sum of many different influences and has visibly changed over the past decades. Since children also imitate their parents when it comes to eating habits, the aim of the study was to assess the current dietary habits in Swiss children. METHOD Cross-sectional study of children between 0 and 18 years of age in Switzerland. RESULTS A total of 1964 children participated, with an average age of 7.4 years. A total of 57.9% of participants stated to buy supplements to promote health, while fruit juices/smoothies were the most popular product (42.5%), followed by protein-enriched products (40%) and vitamins/minerals (29%). A statistically significant correlation between longer screen time, a higher socioeconomic background, and the intake of supplements was found. Over 20% of all families regularly consume plant-based drinks. DISCUSSION This Swiss cross-sectional study of over 1900 participants reveals that 58% of all participants buy supplements or special kid's food to promote the child's health. There is a correlation between higher screen time, higher parental income, and the usage of supplements. A total of 23% of participating families consume at least one plant-based drink on a regular basis. As more and more families use supplements, the pediatrician should not only focus on weight, which reflects the intake of macronutrients but should also take a history of whether children omit certain foods or take supplements to ensure the child does not have a deficiency of micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Légeret
- University Children’s Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Clarissa Lohmann
- Children’s Hospital of Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Laura Pedrini
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurin Sarbach
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Furlano
- University Children’s Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Köhler
- Children’s Hospital of Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
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Bell C, Love P. Community at the Centre of Future Food Systems. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234951. [PMID: 36500980 PMCID: PMC9738835 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Have you thought about what it is you love about food [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Bell
- Institute for Health Transformation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.L.)
| | - Penelope Love
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.L.)
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Isham A, Geusen J, Gatersleben B. The Influence of Framing Plant-Based Products in Terms of Their Health vs. Environmental Benefits: Interactions with Individual Wellbeing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911948. [PMID: 36231247 PMCID: PMC9565293 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Significant reductions in the consumption of meat and dairy products are required to limit environmental damage and meet climate targets. However, individuals choosing to adopt plant-based diets still form a minority. Whilst different types of message framings have been suggested to be a potential means of encouraging the uptake of plant-based diets, recent findings have often failed to document any differences in people's willingness to reduce their consumption of animal products based on whether messages emphasize the health or environmental benefits of plant-based diets. This research examined whether individual wellbeing might interact with health versus environmental message frames to determine people's liking and willingness to pay for plant-based products. Across two experiments with a university (Study 1) and a non-student, adult sample (Study 2), participants were exposed to different hypothetical labels for plant-based foods and asked to rate their liking and willingness to pay for each. In line with existing findings, results demonstrated a trend whereby showing health (versus environmental) information on food labels did not in itself influence participants perceptions of the food products. Higher levels of positive wellbeing were associated with greater liking and willingness to pay for the plant-based foods (B values ranging from 0.04 to 0.45). Further, there was an interaction effect whereby levels of negative affect were differentially linked to liking and willingness to pay across the health and environmental framing conditions (B values ranging from 0.03 to 0.38). In particular, negative affect appears to have a greater negative impact on the product liking and willingness to pay when environmental label framings are used. This effect was most pronounced for the product liking dependent variable (B = -0.29 in the environmental framing condition). This research therefore extends understandings of the more specific instances in which message framings can impact perceptions of plant-based foods. The implications of the findings for understanding how best to promote uptake of plant-based diets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Isham
- Centre for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity (CUSP), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Judith Geusen
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Birgitta Gatersleben
- Centre for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity (CUSP), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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Ahmad SR. Plant-based diet for obesity treatment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:952553. [PMID: 36159462 PMCID: PMC9493195 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.952553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates continue to rise, resulting in a global epidemic that shows no sign of slowing down. Our understanding of this complex disease is also constantly evolving, requiring healthcare providers to stay up to date with best practices. The application of plant-based diets (PBDs) may hold the key to a successful weight-control strategy. PBD refers to any dietary pattern that emphasizes the consumption of plant foods while excluding the consumption of most or all animal products. The purpose of this mini-review is to report on the application of PBDs as a potential treatment for obesity. PBDs have also been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of other non-communicable diseases, such as the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Many of the reported RCTs were of short duration. Longer-term studies, as well as studies focusing on strict adherence to the PBD regime, are needed. PBD is a beneficial approach to improving health, particularly in obese patients. Benefits include weight loss, improved cardiovascular health, lower blood pressure, and improved glucose metabolism.
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The Special Issue on “The Nutritional Value of Pulses and Whole Grains”: A Continued Endeavor to Delineate Their Benefits for Today and Addressing the Challenges of the Future. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163381. [PMID: 36014887 PMCID: PMC9416299 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns are increasingly focusing on the interplay between nutritional adequacy, reduction of chronic disease, and environmental sustainability [...]
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