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Ruiz-Galea M, Kremer C, Friero E, Hernández I. Tolerant Epitypes of Elicited Holm Oak Somatic Embryos Could Be Revealed by Challenges in Dual Culture with Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3056. [PMID: 37687303 PMCID: PMC10489650 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Holm oaks (Quercus ilex L.) can suffer severe infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands; the production of more tolerant plants is, therefore, required. Embryo formation is a key period in the establishment of epigenetic memory. Somatic embryos from three holm oak genotypes were elicited, either over 3 days or 60 days, with methyl-jasmonate, salicylic acid (SA), β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), or benzothiadiazole (all at 50 μM and 100 μM), or 10% and 30% of a filtered oomycete extract (FILT10 and FILT30) to activate plant immune responses. The number of embryos produced and conversion rate under all conditions were recorded. Some elicited embryos were then exposed to P. cinnamomi in dual culture, and differential mycelial growth and the progression of necrosis were measured. The same was performed with the roots of germinated embryos. Within genotypes, significant differences were seen among the elicitation treatments in terms of both variables. Embryos and roots of 60-day BABA, SA, or FILT10 treatments inhibited mycelium growth. The 3-day BABA (either concentration) and 60-day FILT10 induced the greatest inhibition of necrosis. Mycelium and necrosis inhibition were compared with those of tolerant trees. Both inhibitions might be a defense response maintained after primed embryo germination, thus increasing the likelihood of tolerance to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Ruiz-Galea
- Department of Agroenvironmental Research, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain; (C.K.); (E.F.); (I.H.)
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2
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Pérez-Oliver MA, González-Mas MDC, Renau-Morata B, Arrillaga I, Sales E. Heat-Priming during Somatic Embryogenesis Increased Resilience to Drought Stress in the Generated Maritime Pine ( Pinus pinaster) Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119299. [PMID: 37298255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is becoming the most important factor of global warming in forests, hampering the production of reproductive material with improved resilience. Previously, we reported that heat-priming maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) megagametophytes during SE produced epigenetic changes that generated plants better adapted to subsequent heat stress. In this work, we tested, in an experiment performed under greenhouse conditions, whether heat-priming will produce cross-tolerance to mild drought stress (30 days) in 3-year-old priming-derived plants. We found that they maintain constitutive physiological differences as compared to controls, such as higher proline, abscisic acid, starch, and reduced glutathione and total protein contents, as well as higher ΦPSII yield. Primed plants also displayed a constitutive upregulation of the WRKY transcription factor and the Responsive to Dehydration 22 (RD22) genes, as well as of those coding for antioxidant enzymes (APX, SOD, and GST) and for proteins that avoid cell damage (HSP70 and DHNs). Furthermore, osmoprotectants as total soluble sugars and proteins were early accumulated in primed plants during the stress. Prolongated water withdrawal increased ABA accumulation and negatively affected photosynthesis in all plants but primed-derived plants recovered faster than controls. We concluded that high temperature pulses during somatic embryogenesis resulted in transcriptomic and physiological changes in maritime pine plants that can increase their resilience to drought stress, since heat-primed plants exhibit permanent activation of mechanisms for cell protection and overexpression of stress pathways that pre-adapt them to respond more efficiently to soil water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Amparo Pérez-Oliver
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute and Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen González-Mas
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute and Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Renau-Morata
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute and Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Arrillaga
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute and Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ester Sales
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, High Polytechnic School, Ctra. Cuarte s/n, 22197 Huesca, Spain
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Bondarenko V, Geras'kin S, Bondarenko E, Yoschenko V, Bondarenko S, Khanova A, Garbaruk D, Nanba K. Comparative analysis of epigenetic variability in two pine species exposed to chronic radiation in the chernobyl and fukushima affected zones. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121799. [PMID: 37169241 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of epigenetic variability in two pine species affected as a result of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents is presented. The absorbed dose rate within the affected Chernobyl sites varies over a wider range (1.5-24.6 μGy/h) than within the Fukushima sites (3.5-6.5 μGy/h). It was shown that chronic irradiation can change the level of whole genome methylation in pine populations, but in different ways. The genomes of Japanese red pines are hypomethylated, and the degree of methylation and hydroxymethylation decreases with an increase in the level of radiation exposure. In contrast, the percentages of genome methylation and hydroxymethylation in Scots pine populations exceed the reference levels. The observed discrepancy in the patterns of genome-wide DNA methylation can be attributed partly to the design of the study (differences in the climate, radiation dose, age and species of the pines) which could affect the results. In the frame of IRAP analysis, a larger number of different bands was observed in the Chernobyl populations compared to the Japanese populations. Both the Japanese and Chernobyl populations are characterized by significant genetic variability. However, the main part of this variability is observed within populations. The dendrograms, based on presence/absence of IRAP fragments and Nei's genetic distances, revealed subdivisions of the Chernobyl and Japanese populations according to the level of radioactive contamination. Analysis of the results presented will improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the responses of pine trees to chronic radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Bondarenko
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe Shosse, 109 Km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249032, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe Shosse, 109 Km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249032, Russian Federation.
| | - Ekaterina Bondarenko
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe Shosse, 109 Km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249032, Russian Federation
| | - Vasyl Yoschenko
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity of Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Sergey Bondarenko
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe Shosse, 109 Km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249032, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya Khanova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe Shosse, 109 Km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249032, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitriy Garbaruk
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618, Tereshkovoy Str. 7, Khoyniki, Belarus
| | - Kenji Nanba
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity of Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
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Pereira C, Castander-Olarieta A, Montalbán IA, Mendes VM, Correia S, Pedrosa A, Manadas B, Moncaleán P, Canhoto J. Proteomic and Metabolic Analysis of Pinus halepensis Mill. Embryonal Masses Induced under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087211. [PMID: 37108380 PMCID: PMC10139065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the physiological and molecular adjustments occurring during tree stress response is of great importance for forest management and breeding programs. Somatic embryogenesis has been used as a model system to analyze various processes occurring during embryo development, including stress response mechanisms. In addition, "priming" plants with heat stress during somatic embryogenesis seems to favor the acquisition of plant resilience to extreme temperature conditions. In this sense, Pinus halepensis somatic embryogenesis was induced under different heat stress treatments (40 °C for 4 h, 50 °C for 30 min, and 60 °C for 5 min) and its effects on the proteome and the relative concentration of soluble sugars, sugar alcohols and amino acids of the embryonal masses obtained were assessed. Heat severely affected the production of proteins, and 27 proteins related to heat stress response were identified; the majority of the proteins with increased amounts in embryonal masses induced at higher temperatures consisted of enzymes involved in the regulation of metabolism (glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid biosynthesis and flavonoids formation), DNA binding, cell division, transcription regulation and the life-cycle of proteins. Finally, significant differences in the concentrations of sucrose and amino acids, such as glutamine, glycine and cysteine, were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Pereira
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Vera M Mendes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- InnovPlantProtect CoLAb, Estrada de Gil Vaz, 7350-478 Elvas, Portugal
| | - Ana Pedrosa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, 01192 Arkaute, Spain
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Molecular and epigenetic basis of heat stress responses and acclimatization in plants. THE NUCLEUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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6
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Castander-Olarieta A, Pereira C, Mendes VM, Correia S, Manadas B, Canhoto J, Montalbán IA, Moncaleán P. Thermopriming-associated proteome and sugar content responses in Pinus radiata embryogenic tissue. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111327. [PMID: 35696927 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving the capacity of plants to face adverse environmental conditions requires a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing stress response and adaptation. Proteomics, combined with metabolic analyses, offers a wide resource of information to be used in plant breeding programs. Previous studies have shown that somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. is a suitable tool not only to investigate stress response processes but also to modulate the behaviour of somatic plants. Based on this, the objective of this study was to analyse the protein and soluble sugar profiles of Pinus radiata embryonal masses after the application of high temperatures to unravel the mechanisms involved in thermopriming and memory acquisition at early stages of the somatic embryogenesis process. Results confirmed that heat provokes deep readjustments in the life cycle of proteins, together with a significant reduction in the carbon-flux of central-metabolism pathways. Heat-priming also promotes the accumulation of proteins involved in oxidative stress defence, in the synthesis of specific amino acids such as isoleucine, influences cell division, the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell-walls, and modifies the levels of free soluble sugars like glucose or fructose. All this seems to be regulated by proteins linked with epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cátia Pereira
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, Arkaute, Spain; Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vera M Mendes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Kalanchoë Species during Plantlet Formation. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131643. [PMID: 35807595 PMCID: PMC9268976 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Few species in the Kalanchoë genus form plantlets on their leaf margins as an asexual reproduction strategy. The limited molecular studies on plantlet formation show that an organogenesis ortholog, SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) and embryogenesis genes, such as LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) and FUSCA3 are recruited during plantlet formation. To understand the mechanisms of two Kalanchoë plantlet-forming species with different modes of plantlet formation, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed. Differentially expressed genes between the developmental stages were clustered in K. daigremontiana (Raym.-Hamet and H. Perrier) and K. pinnata (Lam. Pers.), respectively. Of these gene clusters, GO terms that may be involved in plantlet formation of both species, such as signaling, response to wounding, reproduction, regulation of hormone level, and response to karrikin were overrepresented. Compared with the common GO terms, there were more unique GO terms overrepresented during the plantlet formation of each species. A more in-depth investigation is required to understand how these pathways are participating in plantlet formation. Nonetheless, this transcriptome analysis is presented as a reliable basis for future studies on plantlet formation and development in two Kalanchoë plantlet-forming species.
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Epigenetic Marks, DNA Damage Markers, or Both? The Impact of Desiccation and Accelerated Aging on Nucleobase Modifications in Plant Genomic DNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111748. [PMID: 35681443 PMCID: PMC9179523 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifications of DNA nucleobases are present in all forms of life. The purpose of these modifications in eukaryotic cells, however, is not always clear. Although the role of 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in epigenetic regulation and the maintenance of stability in plant genomes is becoming better understood, knowledge pertaining to the origin and function of oxidized nucleobases is still scarce. The formation of 5-hydroxymetylcytosine (hm5C) in plant genomes is especially debatable. DNA modifications, functioning as regulatory factors or serving as DNA injury markers, may have an effect on DNA structure and the interaction of genomic DNA with proteins. Thus, these modifications can influence plant development and adaptation to environmental stress. Here, for the first time, the changes in DNA global levels of m5C, hm5C, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) measured by ELISA have been documented in recalcitrant embryonic axes subjected to desiccation and accelerated aging. We demonstrated that tissue desiccation induces a similar trend in changes in the global level of hm5C and 8-oxoG, which may suggest that they both originate from the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our study supports the premise that m5C can serve as a marker of plant tissue viability whereas oxidized nucleobases, although indicating a cellular redox state, cannot.
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Changing Temperature Conditions during Somatic Embryo Maturation Result in Pinus pinaster Plants with Altered Response to Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031318. [PMID: 35163242 PMCID: PMC8835971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the global warming scenario, obtaining plant material with improved tolerance to abiotic stresses is a challenge for afforestation programs. In this work, maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) plants were produced from somatic embryos matured at different temperatures (18, 23, or 28 °C, named after M18, M23, and M28, respectively) and after 2 years in the greenhouse a heat stress treatment (45 °C for 3 h/day for 10 days) was applied. Temperature variation during embryo development resulted in altered phenotypes (leaf histology, proline content, photosynthetic rates, and hormone profile) before and after stress. The thickness of chlorenchyma was initially larger in M28 plants, but was significantly reduced after heat stress, while increased in M18 plants. Irrespective of their origin, when these plants were subjected to a heat treatment, relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates were not significantly affected, although M18 plants increased net photosynthesis rate after 10 days recovery (tR). M18 plants showed proline contents that increased dramatically (2.4-fold) when subjected to heat stress, while proline contents remained unaffected in M23 and M28 plants. Heat stress significantly increased abscisic acid (ABA) content in the needles of maritime pine plants (1.4-, 3.6- and 1.9-fold in M18, M23, and M28 plants, respectively), while indole-3-acetic acid content only increased in needles from M23 plants. After the heat treatment, the total cytokinin contents of needles decreased significantly, particularly in M18 and M28 plants, although levels of active forms (cytokinin bases) did not change in M18 plants. In conclusion, our results suggest that maturation of maritime pine somatic embryos at lower temperature resulted in plants with better performance when subjected to subsequent high temperature stress, as demonstrated by faster and higher proline increase, lower increases in ABA levels, no reduction in active cytokinin, and a better net photosynthesis rate recovery.
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Abstract
Among the different in vitro culture techniques, somatic embryogenesis has been one of the most important developments for plant tissue culture; it has enabled mass propagation and the development of biotechnological tools to enhance the productivity and quality of plantation forestry. This propagation technique together with cryopreservation is the base of multivarietal forestry.The development of somatic embryogenesis in forest trees dates from 1985, and in the last years several studies have focused on the development and optimization of the conifer somatic embryogenesis process to make it more efficient in terms of both the quantity and the characteristics of the plants obtained. However, these advances are not sufficiently refined to be implemented commercially for many Pinus spp. due to the high cost of the process derived from hand labor. Nowadays, trying to add value to the plants produced to compensate the high costs of the process, different studies are being developed in order to obtain Pinus somatic plants with better adaptation to environmental stresses prompted by the current situation of climate change.In this chapter, a summary of the recent somatic embryogenesis systems developed to achieve Pinus spp. high quality plants is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Department of Forestry, NEIKER-BRTA. Arkaute Centre, Álava, Spain
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Pereira C, Castander-Olarieta A, Sales E, Montalbán IA, Canhoto J, Moncaleán P. Heat Stress in Pinus halepensis Somatic Embryogenesis Induction: Effect in DNA Methylation and Differential Expression of Stress-Related Genes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112333. [PMID: 34834696 PMCID: PMC8622292 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current context of climate change, plants need to develop different mechanisms of stress tolerance and adaptation to cope with changing environmental conditions. Temperature is one of the most important abiotic stresses that forest trees have to overcome. Recent research developed in our laboratory demonstrated that high temperatures during different stages of conifer somatic embryogenesis (SE) modify subsequent phases of the process and the behavior of the resulting ex vitro somatic plants. For this reason, Aleppo pine SE was induced under different heat stress treatments (40 °C for 4 h, 50 °C for 30 min, and 60 °C for 5 min) in order to analyze its effect on the global DNA methylation rates and the differential expression of four stress-related genes at different stages of the SE process. Results showed that a slight decrease of DNA methylation at proliferating embryonal masses (EMs) can correlate with the final efficiency of the process. Additionally, different expression patterns for stress-related genes were found in EMs and needles from the in vitro somatic plants obtained; the DEHYDRATION INDUCED PROTEIN 19 gene was up-regulated in response to heat at proliferating EMs, whereas HSP20 FAMILY PROTEIN and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE [Cu-Zn] were down-regulated in needles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Pereira
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, 01080 Arkaute, Spain; (A.C.-O.); (I.A.M.)
| | | | - Ester Sales
- Departament of Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Escuela Politécnica Superior, 22071 Huesca, Spain;
| | - Itziar A. Montalbán
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, 01080 Arkaute, Spain; (A.C.-O.); (I.A.M.)
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, 01080 Arkaute, Spain; (A.C.-O.); (I.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (P.M.)
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Pérez-Oliver MA, Haro JG, Pavlović I, Novák O, Segura J, Sales E, Arrillaga I. Priming Maritime Pine Megagametophytes during Somatic Embryogenesis Improved Plant Adaptation to Heat Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030446. [PMID: 33652929 PMCID: PMC7996847 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, forest tree research should be addressed to provide genotypes with increased resilience to high temperature events. These improved plants can be obtained by heat priming during somatic embryogenesis (SE), which would produce an epigenetic-mediated transgenerational memory. Thereby, we applied 37 °C or 50 °C to maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) megagametophytes and the obtained embryogenic masses went through the subsequent SE phases to produce plants that were further subjected to heat stress conditions. A putative transcription factor WRKY11 was upregulated in priming-derived embryonal masses, and also in the regenerated P37 and P50 plants, suggesting its role in establishing an epigenetic memory in this plant species. In vitro-grown P50 plants also showed higher cytokinin content and SOD upregulation, which points to a better responsiveness to heat stress. Heat exposure of two-year-old maritime pine plants induced upregulation of HSP70 in those derived from primed embryogenic masses, that also showed better osmotic adjustment and higher increases in chlorophyll, soluble sugars and starch contents. Moreover, ϕPSII of P50 plants was less affected by heat exposure. Thus, our results suggest that priming at 50 °C at the SE induction phase is a promising strategy to improve heat resilience in maritime pine.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Amparo Pérez-Oliver
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute, Universidad de Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.-O.); (J.G.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Juan Gregorio Haro
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute, Universidad de Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.-O.); (J.G.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Iva Pavlović
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (O.N.)
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Division of MoLecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.P.); (O.N.)
| | - Juan Segura
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute, Universidad de Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.-O.); (J.G.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Ester Sales
- Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, High Polytechnic School, Ctra. Cuarte s/n, 22071 Huesca, Spain;
| | - Isabel Arrillaga
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BiotecMed) Institute, Universidad de Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.P.-O.); (J.G.H.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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do Nascimento AMM, Polesi LG, Back FP, Steiner N, Guerra MP, Castander-Olarieta A, Moncaleán P, Montalbán IA. The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:771464. [PMID: 34899795 PMCID: PMC8663641 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.771464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL-1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL-1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL-1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL-1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Giacomolli Polesi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Franklin Panato Back
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Neusa Steiner
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Miguel Pedro Guerra
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Neiker-BRTA, Centro de Arkaute, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Arkaute, Spain
- *Correspondence: Paloma Moncaleán,
| | - Itziar Aurora Montalbán
- Neiker-BRTA, Centro de Arkaute, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Arkaute, Spain
- Itziar Aurora Montalbán,
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Castander-Olarieta A, Pereira C, Montalbán IA, Mendes VM, Correia S, Suárez-Álvarez S, Manadas B, Canhoto J, Moncaleán P. Proteome-Wide Analysis of Heat-Stress in Pinus radiata Somatic Embryos Reveals a Combined Response of Sugar Metabolism and Translational Regulation Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:631239. [PMID: 33912202 PMCID: PMC8072280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.631239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is the process by which bipolar structures with no vascular connection with the surrounding tissue are formed from a single or a group of vegetative cells, and in conifers it can be divided into five different steps: initiation, proliferation, maturation, germination and acclimatization. Somatic embryogenesis has long been used as a model to study the mechanisms regulating stress response in plants, and recent research carried out in our laboratory has demonstrated that high temperatures during initial stages of conifer somatic embryogenesis modify subsequent phases of the process, as well as the behavior of the resulting plants ex vitro. The development of high-throughput techniques has facilitated the study of the molecular response of plants to numerous stress factors. Proteomics offers a reliable image of the cell status and is known to be extremely susceptible to environmental changes. In this study, the proteome of radiata pine somatic embryos was analyzed by LC-MS after the application of high temperatures during initiation of embryonal masses [(23°C, control; 40°C (4 h); 60°C (5 min)]. At the same time, the content of specific soluble sugars and sugar alcohols was analyzed by HPLC. Results confirmed a significant decrease in the initiation rate of embryonal masses under 40°C treatments (from 44 to 30.5%) and an increasing tendency in the production of somatic embryos (from 121.87 to 170.83 somatic embryos per gram of embryogenic tissue). Besides, heat provoked a long-term readjustment of the protein synthesis machinery: a great number of structural constituents of ribosomes were increased under high temperatures, together with the down-regulation of the enzyme methionine-tRNA ligase. Heat led to higher contents of heat shock proteins and chaperones, transmembrane transport proteins, proteins related with post-transcriptional regulation (ARGONAUTE 1D) and enzymes involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, specific compatible sugars (myo-inositol) and cell-wall carbohydrates. On the other hand, the protein adenosylhomocysteinase and enzymes linked with the glycolytic pathway, nitrogen assimilation and oxidative stress response were found at lower levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cátia Pereira
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER, Arkaute, Spain
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Vera M. Mendes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER, Arkaute, Spain
- *Correspondence: Paloma Moncaleán,
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