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Sebai I, Deaconu A, Mobetty F, Nardocci M, Ing A, Batal M. Measurement of diet quality among First Nations peoples in Canada and associations with health: a scoping review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:695-708. [PMID: 37421656 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing number and the diversity of dietary quality indices used for research, and the differences between settings, there is a need to identify valid indices of dietary quality in different contexts and populations and to identify their associations with health-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this scoping review is to identify the tools used in determining dietary quality among First Nations and to describe the changes in diet. The second objective is to describe the associations identified in studies that have measured the relationship between health and dietary quality among First Nations; and the third objective is to identify factors associated with diet quality. METHODS PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Health, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2021 and updated in February 2022. Articles were included if the research subjects were First Nations, or if articles reported disaggregated subset data for First Nations. Eligible studies focused on nutrition and diet and were published in English or French. RESULTS A total of 151 articles were included in the analysis. Studies used several indicators to measure if individuals adhered to dietary guidelines. Traditional food consumption was frequently used as an indicator of diet quality (n = 96). The consumption of store-bought foods was used as an indicator in 28 studies. Some studies used other diet quality indicators such as the Healthy Eating Index (n = 5) and ultra-processed food "NOVA" classification (n = 6). A trend for decreasing traditional food intake over time was apparent, alongside an increase in store-bought food intake. This trend was accompanied with declining health status, including the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, diabetes, metabolic diseases, and dental caries. CONCLUSION This scoping review showed that diet quality among First Nations is improved when traditional foods are consumed. Reduced diet quality was associated with increased risk of noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sebai
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ana Deaconu
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabrice Mobetty
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Milena Nardocci
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amy Ing
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Malek Batal
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Raneri JE, Boedecker J, Fallas Conejo DA, Muir G, Hanley-Cook G, Lachat C. Can common dietary assessment methods be better designed to capture the nutritional contribution of neglected, forest, and wild foods to diets? Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186707. [PMID: 37485381 PMCID: PMC10357295 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Food systems are the primary cause of biodiversity loss globally. Biodiversity and specifically, the role that wild, forest and neglected and underutilised species (NUS) foods might play in diet quality is gaining increased attention. The narrow focus on producing affordable staples for dietary energy has contributed to largely homogenous and unhealthy diets. To date, evidence to quantify the nutritional contribution of these biodiverse foods is limited. A scoping review was conducted to document the methods used to quantify the contribution of wild, forest and NUS foods. We found 37 relevant articles from 22 different countries, mainly from Africa (45%), the Americas (19%), and Asia (10%). There were 114 different classifications used for the foods, 73% of these were specifically related to wild or forest foods. Most dietary assessments were completed using a single day qualitative or quantitative 24 h open recall (n = 23), or a food frequency questionnaire (n = 12). There were 18 different diet related indicators used, mainly nutrient adequacy (n = 9) and dietary diversity scores (n = 9). Often, no specific nutritionally validated diet metric was used. There were 16 studies that presented results (semi) quantitatively to measure the contribution of wild, forest or NUS foods to dietary intakes. Of these, 38% were aggregated together with broader classifications of 'traditional' or 'local' foods, without definitions provided meaning it was not possible to determine if or to what extend wild, forest of NUS foods were included (or not). In almost all studies there was insufficient detail on the magnitude of the associations between wild, forest or NUS foods and dietary energy or nutrient intakes or the (qualitative) diet recall methodologies that were used inhibited the quantification of the contribution of these foods to diets. A set of six recommendations are put forward to strengthen the evidence on the contribution of wild, NUS, and forest foods to human diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Raneri
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Senior Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture Advisor to the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, and Agricultural Development and Food Security Section, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Canberra, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Boedecker
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Food Environment and Consumer Behaviour Lever, The Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Diego A. Fallas Conejo
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Giulia Muir
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Giles Hanley-Cook
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Ratelle M, Skinner K, Ramirez Prieto M, Laird BD. Dietary Intake Estimated From a 24-Hour Recall Questionnaire in the Dene and Métis Communities of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100055. [PMID: 37273840 PMCID: PMC10235859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Food security and nutrient deficiencies are frequent issues for people living in northern remote regions of Canada. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the nutrient intake of residents living in the Dene/Métis communities of the Dehcho and Sahtú regions of the Northwest Territories. Methods A 24-h dietary recall survey was used to collect information from participants of a study completed in 9 communities during the winter seasons of January 2016 to March 2018. Intakes for food groups, vitamins, macroelements, and microelements were calculated. Nutrient intakes were compared with the available DRIs. Results In total, there were 197 participants. On average, 37% of their energy was consumed from fat, and fruit/vegetable consumption was low (2.8 servings). Some vitamin levels (i.e., folate and vitamins A, B-6, C, and D) indicated a risk of nutritional deficiency for at least half of the participants. Of the nutrients examined, the nutrients least likely to meet the DRIs, according to the age/sex category of respondents were vitamin D (6%-20%), fiber (0%-11%), and calcium (4%-30%). Males tended to have a higher rate of nutrient adequacy above the DRIs. Importantly, 52% of the childbearing age female participants appeared deficient in folate, 48% deficient in zinc, 41% deficient in B12, and 22% deficient in iron, which might affect pregnancy and children's development. Conclusions A focus on supporting a higher intake of nutrient-dense foods would benefit the health of these communities. Nutrition and health promotion programs should be implemented to improve public health efforts in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Ratelle
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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Kyoon-Achan G, Schroth RJ, DeMaré D, Sturym M, Edwards JM, Sanguins J, Campbell R, Chartrand F, Bertone M, Moffatt MEK. First Nations and Metis peoples' access and equity challenges with early childhood oral health: a qualitative study. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20:134. [PMID: 34098968 PMCID: PMC8183050 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inequities in early childhood oral health are evident amongst Indigenous peoples and communities in Manitoba, Canada. Early childhood caries (ECC) is decay in primary dentition in children under 6 years of age. A severe form of the disease occurs at a higher rate in Indigenous populations compared to the general population. ECC has been strongly associated with social determinants of health. METHODS Focus groups and sharing circles were conducted with four First Nations and Metis communities in urban and rural communities in Manitoba. There were eight groups in total of purposively sampled participants (n = 59). A grounded theory approach guided thematic analysis of audio recorded and transcribed data. RESULTS Indigenous participants experienced challenges similar to those found in the general population, such as encouraging and motivating parents and caregivers to establish regular oral hygiene routines for their children. However other challenges reported, disproportionately affect Indigenous communities. These include poor access to dental care, specifically no dental offices within 1 h driving radius and not having transportation to get there. Not having evidence-based oral health information to support good oral hygiene practices, preventing parents from making the best choices of oral hygiene products and oral health behaviours for their children. Poverty and food insecurity resulting in poor nutritional choices and leading to ECC. For example, feeding children sugary foods and beverages because those are more readily avialble than healthy options. Confusing or difficult encounters with dental professionals, highlighted as a factor that can erode trust, reduce compliance and impact continued attendance at dental offices. CONCLUSION Closing existing early childhood oral health gaps for First Nations and Metis peoples and communities requires equity-oriented healthcare approaches to address specific problems and challenges faced by these populations. Family, community and systemic level interventions that directly implement community recommendations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Kyoon-Achan
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Ongomiizwin Research – Indigenous Institute of Health and Healing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Robert J. Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Ongomiizwin Research – Indigenous Institute of Health and Healing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Daniella DeMaré
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Melina Sturym
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Julianne Sanguins
- Health & Wellness Department, Manitoba Metis Federation, 150 Henry Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 0J7 Canada
| | - Rhonda Campbell
- First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, 600-275 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2B3 Canada
| | - Frances Chartrand
- Health & Wellness Department, Manitoba Metis Federation, 150 Henry Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 0J7 Canada
| | - Mary Bertone
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
| | - Michael E. K. Moffatt
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College Of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Phillips KM, Pehrsson PR, Patterson KY. Survey of vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in traditional native Alaskan meats, fish, and oils. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ismail S, Alshmari M, Latif K, Ahmad HF. A Granular Ontology Model for Maternal and Child Health Information System. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2017; 2017:9519321. [PMID: 29065669 PMCID: PMC5450172 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9519321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In several developing countries, maternal and child health indicators trail behind the international targets set by the UN as Millennium or Sustainable Development Goals. One of the reasons is poor and nonstandardized maternal health record keeping that affects data quality. Effective decision making to improve public healthcare depends essentially on the availability of reliable data. Therefore, the aim of this research is the design and development of the standard compliant data access model for maintaining maternal and child health data to enable the effective exchange of healthcare data. The proposed model is very granular and comprehensive in contrast with existing systems. To evaluate the effectiveness of the model, a web application was implemented and was reviewed by healthcare providers and expectant mothers. User feedback highlights the usefulness of the proposed approach as compared to traditional record-keeping techniques. It is anticipated that the proposed model will lay a foundation for a comprehensive maternal and child healthcare information system. This shall enable trend analysis for policy making to help accelerate the efforts for meeting global maternal and child health targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadia Ismail
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Majed Alshmari
- College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Alahssa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Latif
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Farooq Ahmad
- College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology (CCSIT), King Faisal University, Alahssa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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