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Gurumallu SC, Aqeel T, Bhaskar A, Chandramohan K, Javaraiah R. Synergistic hepatoprotective effects of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids from Indian flax and sesame seed oils against CCl 4-induced oxidative stress-mediated liver damage in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022; 45:2221-2232. [PMID: 35260009 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1917496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Flaxseed (FS) and sesame seed (SS) are traditional and functional foods in traditional Indian medicine for treating various disorders. The present study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of bioactive-fatty acids (FAs) from FS and SS against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in rats. Pre and post-treatments for 28 consecutive days significantly increased the activities of in vivo antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POX), whereas, lipid peroxidation (LPO) activity was markedly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in liver and kidneys. A significant reduction was observed in the hematological parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin in the serum of post-treated animals compared to the negative control. The results were confirmed histopathologically. The results suggested that the ω-3 and ω-6 FAs from flaxseed oil (FSO) and sesame seed oil (SSO), respectively, showed potential synergistic hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects that were mediated mainly by ω-3 and ω-6 FAs present in the respective seed oils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tareq Aqeel
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Ashwini Bhaskar
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Kannan Chandramohan
- Department of Zoology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Rajesha Javaraiah
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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Teixeira N, Melo JC, Batista LF, Paula-Souza J, Fronza P, Brandão MG. Edible fruits from Brazilian biodiversity: A review on their sensorial characteristics versus bioactivity as tool to select research. Food Res Int 2019; 119:325-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lee Y, Cho IJ, Kim JW, Lee M, Ku SK, Choi J, Lee H. Hepatoprotective effects of blue honeysuckle on CCl 4-induced acute liver damaged mice. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:322-338. [PMID: 30680187 PMCID: PMC6341158 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of blue honeysuckle (BH) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatic damage in mice. The experiment used a total of 60 ICR mice, which were divided into six groups. Except for the intact control groups, all groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 after a 7 day pre-treatment period with distilled water, BH extracts, or silymarin. Twenty-four hours after the CCl4 injection, the following observations, representative of classical oxidative stress-mediated centrolobular necrotic acute liver injuries, were observed: decreased body weight; small nodule formation and enlargement on the gross inspections with related liver weight increase; elevation of serum AST and ALT, increases in hepatic lipid peroxidation and related depletion of endogenous antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes; centrolobular necrosis; increases in apoptotic markers, lipid peroxidation markers, and oxidative stress markers. However, liver damage was significantly inhibited by the pre-treatment with BH extracts. The present study demonstrated that oral administration of BH extracts prior to exposure to CCl4 conferred favorable hepatoprotective effects. These results demonstrated that BHe possessed suitable properties for use as a potent hepatoprotective medicinal food.
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Affiliation(s)
- You‐Suk Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionCollege of BioNano TechnologyGachon UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Il Je Cho
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal FormulationDepartment of Herbal FormulationCollege of Oriental MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan‐siGyeongdanuk‐doKorea
| | | | - Min‐Ki Lee
- Department of Physical EducationKongju National UniversityKongju‐siChngcheongnam‐doKorea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and HistologyCollege of Korean MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan‐siGyeongdanuk‐doKorea
| | - Jae‐Suk Choi
- Division of BioindustryCollege of Medical and Life SciencesSilla UniversityBusanKorea
| | - Hae‐Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionCollege of BioNano TechnologyGachon UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doKorea
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ARCANJO NMDO, NERI-NUMA IA, BEZERRA TKA, SILVA FLHD, PASTORE GM, MADRUGA MS. Quality evaluation of red wines produced from the Isabella and Ives cultivar (Vitis labrusca): physicochemical parameters, phenolic composition and antioxidant activity. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.16516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cascaes MM, Guilhon GMSP, de Aguiar Andrade EH, das Graças Bichara Zoghbi M, da Silva Santos L. Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Myrcia (Myrtaceae): A Review of an Aromatic and Medicinal Group of Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23881-904. [PMID: 26473832 PMCID: PMC4632730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrcia is one of the largest genera of the economically important family Myrtaceae. Some of the species are used in folk medicine, such as a group known as “pedra-hume-caá” or “pedra-ume-caá” or “insulina vegetal” (insulin plant) that it is used for the treatment of diabetes. The species are an important source of essential oils, and most of the chemical studies on Myrcia describe the chemical composition of the essential oils, in which mono- and sesquiterpenes are predominant. The non-volatile compounds isolated from Myrcia are usually flavonoids, tannins, acetophenone derivatives and triterpenes. Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities have been described to Myrcia essential oils, while hypoglycemic, anti-hemorrhagic and antioxidant activities were attributed to the extracts. Flavonoid glucosides and acetophenone derivatives showed aldose reductase and α-glucosidase inhibition, and could explain the traditional use of Myrcia species to treat diabetes. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory are some of the activities observed for other isolated compounds from Myrcia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Moraes Cascaes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil.
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Vetvicka V, Garcia-Mina JM, Yvin JC. Prophylactic effects of humic acid-glucan combination against experimental liver injury. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2015; 4:249-55. [PMID: 26401416 PMCID: PMC4579487 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20150519103113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Despite intensive research, liver diseases represent a significant health problem and current medicine does not offer a substance able to significantly inhibit the hepatotoxicity leading to various stages of liver disease. Based on our previously published studies showing the protective effects of a glucan-humic acid (HA) combination, we focused on the hypothesis that the combination of these two natural molecules can offer prophylactic protection against experimentally induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Lipopolysaccharide, carbon tetrachloride, and ethanol were used to experimentally damage the liver. Levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde, known to correspond to the liver damage, were assayed. Results: Using three different hepatotoxins, we found that in all cases, some samples of HA and most of all the glucan-HA combination, offer strong protection against liver damage. Conclusion: Glucan-HA combination is a promising agent for use in liver protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Jose Maria Garcia-Mina
- Department of Chemistry and Soil Chemistry, Agricultural Chemistry and Biology Group, University of Navarra, Spain
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Shebaby WN, Daher CF, El-Sibai M, Bodman-Smith K, Mansour A, Karam MC, Mroueh M. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the oil fractions from wild carrot (Daucus carota ssp. carota). PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1285-1294. [PMID: 25856705 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.976349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Wild carrot, Daucus carota L. ssp. carota (Apiacae), is widely distributed throughout the world and has various uses in traditional medicine in Lebanon. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to fractionate and analyze the chemical composition of the Daucus carota oil extract (DCOE) fractions and to evaluate their antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS DCOE was chromatographed on silica gel column to produce four fractions: pentane (F1), 50:50 pentane:diethyl ether (F2), diethyl ether (F3), and 93:7 chloroform: methanol (F4). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of oil fractions were performed by GC-MS and HPLC techniques. The in vitro antioxidant properties were assessed using DPPH, FIC, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The hepatoprotective property was determined by examining the levels of serum markers (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and hepatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) enzymes in CCl4-intoxicated mice pretreated with intraperitoenal 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg b.w. of the oil fractions for 5 d. RESULTS GCMS analysis of F2 revealed the presence of 2-himachalen-6-ol (61.4%) which is reported for the first time in Daucus carota species. F3 and F4 were rich in phenolics and flavonoids and demonstrated significant DPPH activity (IC50 = 0.29 and 0.38 mg/ml, respectively) and high FRAP values (225.11 and 437.59 µmol FeSO4/g, respectively). The sesquiterpene-rich fraction F1 had the highest FIC ability (IC50 = 0.28 mg/ml). Pretreatment with F1 and F4 reversed the CCl4-induced decrease in SOD, CAT, and GST levels and reduced significantly hepatic damage. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The current results suggested that wild carrot oil fractions exhibited a unique chemical composition and possessed significant antioxidant activities as well as hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim N Shebaby
- Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , UK
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Yusufoglu HS. Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and nephritic effects of the aerial parts of Pulicaria arabica (Family: Compositae) on rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7S1:S583-90. [PMID: 25312187 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, hepatic and nephritic effects of Pulicaria arabica (P. arabica) in several experimental models. METHODS For analgesic effect hot plate and writhing method were used, while for antipyretic and anti-inflammatory rectal temperature and carrageenan induced hind paw edema were used respectively. CCl4 intoxication method was used for hepatic and nephritic protective activity. RESULTS The results of the present studies revealed that P. arabica has potent analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory with the significant hepatic and nephritic protecting actions. The CCl4 intoxication changed the normal malondialdehyde and nonprotein sulfhydryls levels in both liver and kidney. These changes were normalized with P. arabica indicating the antioxidant nature of this plant. CONCLUSIONS The results of present study indicated that P. arabica can be used in analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory conditions even in hepatic and nephritic conditions. More supportive studies are required before clinical recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Soliman Yusufoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Antioxidant activity of extract and its major constituents from okra seed on rat hepatocytes injured by carbon tetrachloride. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:341291. [PMID: 24719856 PMCID: PMC3955651 DOI: 10.1155/2014/341291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activities and protective effects of total phenolic extracts (TPE) and their major components from okra seeds on oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rat hepatocyte cell line were investigated. The major phenolic compounds were identified as quercetin 3-O-glucosyl (1 → 6) glucoside (QDG) and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (QG). TPE, QG, and QDG from okra seeds exhibited excellent reducing power and free radical scavenging capabilities including α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anions, and hydroxyl radical. Overall, DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power of QG and QDG were higher than those of TPE while superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of QG and TPE were higher than those of QDG. Furthermore, TPE, QG, and QDG pretreatments significantly alleviated the cytotoxicity of CCl4 on rat hepatocytes, with attenuated lipid peroxidation, increased SOD and CAT activities, and decreased GPT and GOT activities. The protective effects of TPE and QG on rat hepatocytes were stronger than those of QDG. However, the cytotoxicity of CCl4 on rat hepatocytes was not affected by TPE, QG, and QDG posttreatments. It was suggested that the protective effects of TPE, QG, and QDG on rat hepatocyte against oxidative stress were related to the direct antioxidant capabilities and the induced antioxidant enzymes activities.
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Ghafoory S, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Li Q, Scholl C, Dooley S, Wölfl S. Zonation of nitrogen and glucose metabolism gene expression upon acute liver damage in mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78262. [PMID: 24147127 PMCID: PMC3798318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zonation of metabolic activities within specific structures and cell types is a phenomenon of liver organization and ensures complementarity of variant liver functions like protein production, glucose homeostasis and detoxification. To analyze damage and regeneration of liver tissue in response to a toxic agent, expression of liver specific enzymes was analyzed by in situ hybridization in mouse over a 6 days time course following carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injection. CCl4 mixed with mineral oil was administered to BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal injection, and mice were sacrificed at different time points post injection. Changes in the expression of albumin (Alb), arginase (Arg1), glutaminase 2 (Gls2), Glutamine synthetase (Gs), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pc), glycogen synthase 2 (Gys2), Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphat-Dehydrogenase (Gapdh), Cytochrom p450 2E1 (Cyp2e1) and glucagon receptor (Gcgr) genes in the liver were studied by in situ hybridization and qPCR. We observed significant changes in gene expression of enzymes involved in nitrogen and glucose metabolism and their local distribution following CCl4 injury. We also found that Cyp2e1, the primary metabolizing enzyme for CCl4, was strongly expressed in the pericentral zone during recovery. Furthermore, cells in the damaged area displayed distinct gene expression profiles during the analyzed time course and showed complete recovery with strong albumin production 6 days after CCl4 injection. Our results indicate that despite severe damage, liver cells in the damaged area do not simply die but instead display locally adjusted gene expression supporting damage response and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrouz Ghafoory
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology - Alcohol Associated Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology - Alcohol Associated Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Catharina Scholl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology - Alcohol Associated Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Gris E, Mattivi F, Ferreira E, Vrhovsek U, Filho D, Pedrosa R, Bordignon-Luiz M. Phenolic profile and effect of regular consumption of Brazilian red wines on in vivo antioxidant activity. J Food Compost Anal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Verma SK, Rastogi S, Javed K, Akhtar M, Arora I, Samim M. Nanothymoquinone, a novel hepatotargeted delivery system for treating CCl4 mediated hepatotoxicity in rats. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2956-2966. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20379d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jain M, Kapadia R, Jadeja RN, Thounaojam MC, Devkar RV, Mishra S. Amelioration of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats by standardized Feronia limonia. Linn leaf extracts. EXCLI JOURNAL 2012; 11:250-9. [PMID: 27418903 PMCID: PMC4941808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective potential of standardized Feronia limonia (Family, Rutaceae) methanolic extract (FL-7) and chloroform soluble fraction (FL-9) were assessed against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats treated with CCl4 recorded significant elevation in plasma markers of hepatic injury, alteration in hepatic antioxidant status and histopathological damages. However, rats pretreated with FL-7 (200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) and FL-9 (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days and later administered CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg, i.p.) recorded lowered indices of the above mentioned parameters and minimal histological damage in a dose dependent manner. These results were comparable to that of CCl4+silymarin treated rats. The results obtained with FL-7 and FL-9 are attributable to their free radical scavenging potential due to high contents of polyphenols and flavonols recorded herein. Overall, this study establishes the efficacy of FL-7 and FL-9 as hepatoprotective agents against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Jain
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan- 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India,Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara-390001, Gujarat, India,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Mahendra Jain, Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan- 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India, M. +919355488868, E-mail:
| | - Rakhee Kapadia
- Novel Drug Delivery System Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara-390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja
- Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat, India
| | - Menaka C. Thounaojam
- Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat, India
| | - Ranjitsinh V. Devkar
- Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Gujarat, India
| | - S.H. Mishra
- Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara-390001, Gujarat, India
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