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Evolutionary Morphogenesis of Sexual Fruiting Bodies in Basidiomycota: Toward a New Evo-Devo Synthesis. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2021; 86:e0001921. [PMID: 34817241 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00019-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of sexual fruiting bodies is one of the most complex morphogenetic processes in fungi. Mycologists have long been fascinated by the morphological and developmental diversity of fruiting bodies; however, evolutionary developmental biology of fungi still lags significantly behind that of animals or plants. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on fruiting bodies of mushroom-forming Basidiomycota, focusing on phylogenetic and developmental biology. Phylogenetic approaches have revealed a complex history of morphological transformations and convergence in fruiting body morphologies. Frequent transformations and convergence is characteristic of fruiting bodies in contrast to animals or plants, where main body plans are highly conserved. At the same time, insights into the genetic bases of fruiting body development have been achieved using forward and reverse genetic approaches in selected model systems. Phylogenetic and developmental studies of fruiting bodies have each yielded major advances, but they have produced largely disjunct bodies of knowledge. An integrative approach, combining phylogenetic, developmental, and functional biology, is needed to achieve a true fungal evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) synthesis for fungal fruiting bodies.
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2
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Cho HJ, Park KH, Park MS, Cho Y, Kim JS, Seo CW, Oh SY, Lim YW. Determination of Diversity, Distribution and Host Specificity of Korean Laccaria Using Four Approaches. MYCOBIOLOGY 2021; 49:461-468. [PMID: 34803434 PMCID: PMC8583908 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2021.1940747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales) plays an important role in forest ecosystems as an ectomycorrhizal fungus, contributing to nutrient cycles through symbiosis with many types of trees. Though understanding Laccaria diversity and distribution patterns, as well as its association with host plants, is fundamental to constructing a balanced plant diversity and conducting effective forest management, previous studies have not been effective in accurately investigating, as they relied heavily on specimen collection alone. To investigate the true diversity and distribution pattern of Laccaria species and determine their host types, we used four different approaches: specimen-based analysis, open database search (ODS), NGS analysis, and species-specific PCR (SSP). As a result, 14 Laccaria species have been confirmed in Korea. Results regarding the species distribution pattern were different between specimen-based analysis and SSP. However, when both were integrated, the exact distribution pattern of each Laccaria species was determined. In addition, the SSP revealed that many Laccaria species have a wide range of host types. This study shows that using these four different approaches is useful in determining the diversity, distribution, and host of ECM fungi. Furthermore, results obtained for Laccaria will serve as a baseline to help understand the role of ECM fungi in forest management in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Wild Plants and Seed Conservation Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun, Korea
| | - Ki Hyeong Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonhee Cho
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Seon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Wan Seo
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Oh
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Cho HJ, Lee H, Park MS, Park KH, Park JH, Cho Y, Kim C, Lim YW. Two New Species of Laccaria (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2020; 48:288-295. [PMID: 32952411 PMCID: PMC7476507 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2020.1786961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Species of Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales, and Basidiomycota) are well-known ectomycorrhizal symbionts of a broad range of hosts. Laccaria species are characterized by brown, orange, or purple colored basidiocarps, and globose or oblong, echinulate and multinucleate basidiospores. While some Laccaria species are easily identified at the species level using only the morphological characteristics, others are hard to distinguish at the species level due to small differences in morphology. Heretofore, ten Laccaria species have been reported in Korea. While studying the fungal diversity in the National Parks of Korea, two new Laccaria species were discovered. Species identification was done based on molecular analyses (ITS, 28S rDNA, rpb2, and tef1), then were confirmed by their corresponding morphologies. The two newly discovered Laccaria species are proposed here as Laccaria macrobasidia and Laccaria griseolilacina. The unique morphological characters of L. macrobasidia that distinguish it from its closely related species are orange-brown colored basidiocarp, long basidia and the absence of cheilocystidia. L. griseolilacina is characterized by a light grayish lavender-colored pileus and the absence of cheilocystidia. Two new species are described and illustrated in the present paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
- Wild Plant Industrialization Research
Division, Wild Plants and Seed Conversation Department, Baekdudaegan National
Arboretum, Bonghwa, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
- Taxonomy Research Lab, Forest Biodiversity
Division, Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-do,
Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ki Hyeong Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yoonhee Cho
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Changmu Kim
- Microorganism Resources Division, National
Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of
Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul,
Korea
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4
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Eberhardt U, Beker HJ, Schütz N, Pedersen OS, Sysouphanthong P, Læssøe T. Adventurous cuisine in Laos: Hebeloma parvisporum, a new species in Hebeloma section Porphyrospora. Mycologia 2020; 112:172-184. [PMID: 31900082 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2019.1680220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hebeloma parvisporum is described as new and placed within H. sect. Porphyrospora. This mushroom is sold as an edible in markets of Laos under the local name "wai khom." Hebeloma sect. Porphyrospora is discussed and expanded to include the species formerly included in the genus Anamika and recently transferred to Hebeloma. Hebeloma sect. Porphyrospora currently comprises 16 species, 14 of which are known only from the western Pacific and Indian subcontinent. All species in this section share the character of having red-brown spores when fresh, atypical for other sections of Hebeloma, which causes the lamellae to be red-brown. However, this red-brown color fades when the material is dried. The close links, morphologically and molecularly, between H. parvisporum and other members of H. sect. Porphyrospora, particularly H. victoriense, are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Eberhardt
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henry J Beker
- Rue Père de Deken 19, B-1040 Bruxelles, Belgium; Royal Holloway College, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom; Plantentuin Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, B-1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Nicole Schütz
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Phongeun Sysouphanthong
- Ecology Division, Biotechnology and Ecology Institute, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2279, Vientiane Capital, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Thomas Læssøe
- Department of Biology/Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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5
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He MQ, Zhao RL, Hyde KD, Begerow D, Kemler M, Yurkov A, McKenzie EHC, Raspé O, Kakishima M, Sánchez-Ramírez S, Vellinga EC, Halling R, Papp V, Zmitrovich IV, Buyck B, Ertz D, Wijayawardene NN, Cui BK, Schoutteten N, Liu XZ, Li TH, Yao YJ, Zhu XY, Liu AQ, Li GJ, Zhang MZ, Ling ZL, Cao B, Antonín V, Boekhout T, da Silva BDB, De Crop E, Decock C, Dima B, Dutta AK, Fell JW, Geml J, Ghobad-Nejhad M, Giachini AJ, Gibertoni TB, Gorjón SP, Haelewaters D, He SH, Hodkinson BP, Horak E, Hoshino T, Justo A, Lim YW, Menolli N, Mešić A, Moncalvo JM, Mueller GM, Nagy LG, Nilsson RH, Noordeloos M, Nuytinck J, Orihara T, Ratchadawan C, Rajchenberg M, Silva-Filho AGS, Sulzbacher MA, Tkalčec Z, Valenzuela R, Verbeken A, Vizzini A, Wartchow F, Wei TZ, Weiß M, Zhao CL, Kirk PM. Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota. FUNGAL DIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-019-00435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly published, currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document. An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided, which includes 1928 currently used genera names, with 1263 synonyms, which are distributed in 241 families, 68 orders, 18 classes and four subphyla. We provide brief notes for each accepted genus including information on classification, number of accepted species, type species, life mode, habitat, distribution, and sequence information. Furthermore, three phylogenetic analyses with combined LSU, SSU, 5.8s, rpb1, rpb2, and ef1 datasets for the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are conducted, respectively. Divergence time estimates are provided to the family level with 632 species from 62 orders, 168 families and 605 genera. Our study indicates that the divergence times of the subphyla in Basidiomycota are 406–430 Mya, classes are 211–383 Mya, and orders are 99–323 Mya, which are largely consistent with previous studies. In this study, all phylogenetically supported families were dated, with the families of Agaricomycotina diverging from 27–178 Mya, Pucciniomycotina from 85–222 Mya, and Ustilaginomycotina from 79–177 Mya. Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system, and also provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.
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Li Q, Yang L, Xiang D, Wan Y, Wu Q, Huang W, Zhao G. The complete mitochondrial genomes of two model ectomycorrhizal fungi (Laccaria): features, intron dynamics and phylogenetic implications. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 145:974-984. [PMID: 31669472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Laccaria amethystine and L. bicolor have served as model species for studying the life history and genetics of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, the characterizations and variations of their mitogenomes are still unknown. In the present study, the mitogenomes of the two Laccaria species were assembled, annotated, and compared. The two mitogenomes of L. amethystine and L. bicolor comprised circular DNA molecules, with the sizes of 65,156 bp and 95,304 bp, respectively. Genome collinearity analysis revealed large-scale gene rearrangements between the two Laccaria species. Comparative mitogenome analysis indicated the introns of cox1 genes in Agaricales experienced frequent lost/gain eveants, which promoted the organization and size variations in Agaricales mitogenomes. Evolutionary analysis indicated the core protein-coding genes in the two mitogenomes were subject to strong pressure of purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis using the Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum likelihood (ML) methods based on a combined mitochondrial gene set resulted in identical and well-supported tree topologies, wherein the two Laccaria species were most closely related to Coprinopsis cinerea. This study severed as the first study on the mitogenomes of Laccaria species, which promoted a comprehensive understanding of the genetics and evolution of the model ectomycorrhizal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Luxi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Schrey H, Spiteller P. E- and Z-Proxamidines, Unprecedented 1,3-Diazacyclooct-1-ene Alkaloids from Fruiting Bodies of Laccaria proxima. Chemistry 2019; 25:8035-8042. [PMID: 31033066 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fruiting bodies of Laccaria proxima were screened for the presence of new secondary metabolites by means of HPLC-UV and LC-HR-(+)-ESIMS. Thus, two isomeric alkaloids with a highly unusual core structure, E-proxamidine and its Z-isomer, were isolated from Laccaria proxima. The proxamidines consist of an eight-membered heterocyclic ring system with a formamidine unit. The structures were established by 2D NMR spectroscopic methods, HR-(+)-ESIMS, and HR-(+)-ESIMS/MS. The proxamidines are probably biosynthetically derived from tryptophan, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and S-adenosylmethionine and the eight-membered ring of the proxamidines is likely to be generated by a rearrangement of the tryptophan sceleton. Metabolic profiling of fruiting bodies of some other Laccaria species revealed that the proxamidines appear in significant amounts only in L. proxima making the compounds suitable as chemotaxonomic markers. E-Proxamidine exhibits herbicidal activity against Lepidium sativum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedda Schrey
- Institut für Organische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Peter Spiteller
- Institut für Organische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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8
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Cho HJ, Park MS, Lee H, Oh SY, Wilson AW, Mueller GM, Lim YW. A systematic revision of the ectomycorrhizal genus Laccaria from Korea. Mycologia 2018; 110:948-961. [PMID: 30240340 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1507542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Species of Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Basidiomycota) are important in forest ecosystems as ectomycorrhizal fungi. Nine of the 75 described Laccaria species worldwide been reported from Korea. Most of these have European and North American names, and their identities are based solely on morphological features. To evaluate the taxonomy of Korean Laccaria, we used 443 specimens collected between 1981 and 2016 in a phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data from nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA (ITS) region, nuc 28S rDNA (28S), RNA polymerase II subunit 2 (rpb2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Ten Laccaria species were identified. Three of these were previously reported from Korea: L. bicolor, L. tortilis, and L. vinaceoavellanea. Laccaria alba, L. japonica, and L. murina are confirmed as new reports from Korea. Lastly, four new Laccaria species are described: L. araneosa, L. parva, L. torosa, and L. versiforma. This study supports the general contention that Asian species of ectomycorrhizal fungi may not be conspecific with morphologically similar species from Europe and North America. Furthermore, identification based on morphology alone is often unreliable in Laccaria due to considerable overlap of characters among species. Thus, use of molecular methods is necessary for effective identification. Illustrations of the four newly described species and a taxonomic key to species of Laccaria in Korea are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Cho
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Oh
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew W Wilson
- b Sam Mitchel Herbarium of Fungi, Denver Botanic Gardens , 909 York Street, Denver , Colorado 80206
| | - Gregory M Mueller
- c Plant Science and Conservation , Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe , Illinois 60022
| | - Young Woon Lim
- a School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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9
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Ramos A, Bandala VM, Montoya L. A new species and a new record of Laccaria (Fungi, Basidiomycota) found in a relict forest of the endangered Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana. MycoKeys 2017:77-94. [PMID: 29559819 PMCID: PMC5804296 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.27.21326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Two species of Laccaria discovered in relicts of Fagusgrandifoliavar.mexicana forests in eastern Mexico are described based on the macro- and micromorphological features, and their identity supported by molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal RNA gene. The phylogeny obtained here showed that one of the Mexican species is nested in an exclusive clade which in combination with its striking morphological features, infers that it represents a new species, while the other species is placed as a member in the Laccariatrichodermophora clade. This is the first report in Mexico of Laccaria with Fagusgrandifoliavar.mexicana trees, with which the reported species may form ectomycorrhizal association. Descriptions are accompanied with illustrations of macro- and micromorphological characters and a discussion of related taxa are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Ramos
- Red Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., P.O. Box 63, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, Mexico
| | - Victor M Bandala
- Red Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., P.O. Box 63, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, Mexico
| | - Leticia Montoya
- Red Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., P.O. Box 63, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, Mexico
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10
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Nuske S, Vernes K, May T, Claridge A, Congdon B, Krockenberger A, Abell S. Redundancy among mammalian fungal dispersers and the importance of declining specialists. FUNGAL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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11
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Wilson AW, Hosaka K, Mueller GM. Evolution of ectomycorrhizas as a driver of diversification and biogeographic patterns in the model mycorrhizal mushroom genus Laccaria. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 213:1862-1873. [PMID: 28164331 PMCID: PMC5324586 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A systematic and evolutionary ecology study of the model ectomycorrhizal (ECM) genus Laccaria was performed using herbarium material and field collections from over 30 countries covering its known geographic range. A four-gene (nrITS, 28S, RPB2, EF1α) nucleotide sequence dataset consisting of 232 Laccaria specimens was analyzed phylogenetically. The resulting Global Laccaria dataset was used for molecular dating and estimating diversification rates in the genus. Stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen was used to evaluate the origin of Laccaria's ECM ecology. In all, 116 Laccaria molecular species were identified, resulting in a near 50% increase in its known diversity, including the new species described herein: Laccaria ambigua. Molecular dating indicates that the most recent common ancestor to Laccaria existed in the early Paleocene (56-66 million yr ago), probably in Australasia. At this time, Laccaria split into two lineages: one represented by the new species L. ambigua, and the other reflecting a large shift in diversification that resulted in the remainder of Laccaria. L. ambigua shows a different isotopic profile than all other Laccaria species. Isotopes and diversification results suggest that the evolution of the ECM ecology was a key innovation in the evolution of Laccaria. Diversification shifts associated with Laccaria's dispersal to the northern hemisphere are attributed to adaptations to new ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Wilson
- Chicago Botanic GardenPlant Science and Conservation1000 Lake Cook RoadGlencoeIL60022USA
- Sam Mitchel Herbarium of FungiDenver Botanic Gardens909 York StreetDenverCO80206USA
| | - Kentaro Hosaka
- Department of BotanyNational Museum of Nature and ScienceTsukubaIbaraki305‐0005Japan
| | - Gregory M. Mueller
- Chicago Botanic GardenPlant Science and Conservation1000 Lake Cook RoadGlencoeIL60022USA
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12
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Overview of Phylogenetic Approaches to Mycorrhizal Biogeography, Diversity and Evolution. BIOGEOGRAPHY OF MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56363-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Popa F, Jimenéz SYC, Weisenborn J, Donges K, Rexer KH, Piepenbring M. A new Laccaria species from cloud forest of Fortuna, Panama. Mycol Prog 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Montoya L, Bandala VM, Baroni TJ, Horton TR. A new species of Laccaria in montane cloud forest from eastern Mexico. MYCOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Balasundaram SV, Engh IB, Skrede I, Kauserud H. How many DNA markers are needed to reveal cryptic fungal species? Fungal Biol 2015; 119:940-945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Sanjuan TI, Franco-Molano AE, Kepler RM, Spatafora JW, Tabima J, Vasco-Palacios AM, Restrepo S. Five new species of entomopathogenic fungi from the Amazon and evolution of neotropical Ophiocordyceps. Fungal Biol 2015; 119:901-916. [PMID: 26399185 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The neotropical biogeographic zone is a 'hot spot' of global biodiversity, especially for insects. Fungal pathogens of insects appear to track this diversity. However, the integration of this unique component of fungal diversity into molecular phylogenetic analyses remains sparse. The entomopathogenic fungal genus Ophiocordyceps is species rich in this region with the first descriptions dating to the early nineteenth century. In this study, material from various ecosystems throughout Colombia and Ecuador was examined. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of five nuclear loci including SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB1, and RPB2 were conducted alongside a morphological evaluation. Thirty-five specimens were examined representing fifteen different species of Ophiocordyceps, and five new species, Ophiocordyceps blattarioides, Ophiocordyceps tiputini, Ophiocordyceps araracuarensis, Ophiocordyceps fulgoromorphila, and Ophiocordyceps evansii, were described. An accurate identification of the host allowed us to conclude that host identity and host habitat are positively correlated with phylogenetic species of Ophiocordyceps and are probably strong drivers for speciation of neotropical entomopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana I Sanjuan
- Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Hongos, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53 - 108, A.A. 1226 Medellín, Colombia; Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra 1 Nº 18A- 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia.
| | - Ana E Franco-Molano
- Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Hongos, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53 - 108, A.A. 1226 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ryan M Kepler
- Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, USDA, Bldg 011A Rm 212 BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Joseph W Spatafora
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Javier Tabima
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Aída M Vasco-Palacios
- Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Hongos, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53 - 108, A.A. 1226 Medellín, Colombia; Fundacion Biodiversa Colombia, Carrera 22 N° 41 - 80 Apto. 004, 111311 Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Silvia Restrepo
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra 1 Nº 18A- 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Sheedy EM, Van de Wouw AP, Howlett BJ, May TW. Population genetic structure of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria sp . A resembles that of its host tree Nothofagus cunninghamii. FUNGAL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Merényi Z, Varga T, Geml J, Orczán ÁK, Chevalier G, Bratek Z. Phylogeny and phylogeography of the Tuber brumale aggr. MYCORRHIZA 2014; 24 Suppl 1:S101-S113. [PMID: 24604084 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-014-0566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Tuber brumale (winter truffle) is a black truffle reported from most European countries, belonging to the Melanosporum group. Its significance in the economy is ambivalent as the winter truffle has been shown to be a frequent contaminant species in the orchards of the Perigord truffle and occasionally in those of the summer truffle, yet owing to its delicate fragrance, its trade is worthy of note. The phylogeny and phylogeography of economically important truffles are relatively well-explored; however, no thorough research has been published on these aspects of the winter truffle. Therefore, here, we report the first phylogeographic analyses based on samples representing the entire distribution of the species. ITS sequences were used in this survey for haplotype and coalescent analyses, while phylogenetic analyses were based on the ITS, LSU and PKC loci. According to all loci, the samples clustered into two big clades imply the existence of two phylogenetic species. Based on our results, one of these appears to be endemic to the Carpathian Basin. In the other more widespread species, two main phylogeographic groups can be distinguished that show east-west separation with a zone of overlap in the Carpathian Basin, suggesting that they survived the latest glacial period in separate refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Merényi
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Sheedy EM, Van de Wouw AP, Howlett BJ, May TW. Mitochondrial microsatellite markers for the Australian ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria sp. A (Hydnangiaceae). APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2014; 2:apps1300086. [PMID: 25202611 PMCID: PMC4103105 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1300086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Microsatellite loci were developed for the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria sp. A to investigate the population genetic structure of this fungal symbiont across its fragmented distribution in southeastern Australia. • METHODS AND RESULTS A partial genome sequence from an individual collection of Laccaria sp. A was obtained by 454 genome sequencing. Eight microsatellite markers were selected from 66 loci identified in the genome. The selected markers were highly polymorphic (4-19 alleles per locus, average 13 alleles) and amplified reproducibly from collections made across the distribution of this species. Five of these markers also amplified reproducibly in the sister species Laccaria sp. E (1). All eight of the selected microsatellite loci were from the mitochondrial genome. • CONCLUSIONS The highly polymorphic markers described here will enable population structure of Laccaria sp. A to be determined, contributing to research on mycorrhizal fungi from a novel distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tom W. May
- Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Private Bag 2000, South Yarra, Victoria 3141, Australia
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Stefani FOP, Jones RH, May TW. Concordance of seven gene genealogies compared to phenotypic data reveals multiple cryptic species in Australian dermocyboid Cortinarius (Agaricales). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 71:249-60. [PMID: 24185043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to delimit species of Australian dermocyboid fungi (Cortinarius, Agaricales) using genealogical concordance on well-characterised phenotypic species and to assess the utility of seven loci for DNA barcoding Australian Cortinarius taxa. Eighty-six collections of dermocyboid Cortinarius were sampled from across southern Australia. Phenotypic species were first recognised by performing clustering analyses on a comprehensive phenotypic dataset including morphological, colour and pigment data. Then phylogenetic species were delimited from the concordance of seven locus genealogies (ITS, nLSU, gpd, mcm7, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1). Seventeen phenotypic species were recognised while the concordance of gene genealogies recovered 35 phylogenetic species. All loci except for LSU recovered most phylogenetic species, although only rpb1 correctly identified all phylogenetic species. The ITS region is confirmed as an effective barcode for Cortinarius and a standard pairwise distance threshold of 2.0% is proposed to DNA barcode Australian Cortinarius taxa. Australian dermocyboid fungi belong in separate clades to the boreal clade Dermocybe, mostly in the clade Splendidi. This study provides a solid foundation for future ecological, taxonomic and systematic research on one of the most diverse genera of mushrooms worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck O P Stefani
- Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Ave, South Yarra, Victoria 3141, Australia
| | - Rodney H Jones
- School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia(2)
| | - Tom W May
- Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Ave, South Yarra, Victoria 3141, Australia.
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