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Cichoń-Woźniak J, Ostapiuk-Karolczuk J, Cieślicka M, Dziewiecka H, Basta P, Maciejewski D, Skarpańska-Stejnborn A. Effect of 2 weeks rest-pause on oxidative stress and inflammation in female basketball players. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14578. [PMID: 38918542 PMCID: PMC11199628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense exercise leads to increased production of free radicals, resulting in an inflammatory response in athletes. For this reason, it was decided to investigate whether a single intensive exercise until exhaustion applied after a 2-week rest period would result in a violation of the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance. Twenty-seven trained female basketball players (age: 16.55 ± 0.96 years, body mass: 66.40 ± 13.68 kg, height: 173.45 ± 5.14 cm) were enrolled to the study following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study was conducted at the end of the competitive training phase. Participants underwent incremental treadmill exercise, with blood samples collected before the test, immediately post-exercise, and after a 3-h restitution period. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels increased significantly after exercise and remained unchanged after 3 h. Concentration of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and creatine kinase (CK) significantly increased after exercise and then decreased. Concentration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) was significantly reduced immediately and 3 h after exercise, while interleukin-13 (IL-13), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and tryptophan (TRP) decreased 3 h after exercise. No significant changes were observed in other biochemical parameters. Obtained results show an increased antioxidant capacity which reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in response to intense exercise indicating that rested athletes have a high adaptation and elevated tolerance to effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Cichoń-Woźniak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland.
| | - Joanna Ostapiuk-Karolczuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Mirosława Cieślicka
- Department of Human Physiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Hanna Dziewiecka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Piotr Basta
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Dariusz Maciejewski
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
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Pinoșanu EA, Surugiu R, Burada E, Pîrșcoveanu D, Stănciulescu CE, Sandu RE, Pisoschi C, Albu CV. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Concurrent COVID-19 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16790. [PMID: 38069113 PMCID: PMC10706234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains a debilitating cerebrovascular condition associated with oxidative stress, while COVID-19 has emerged as a global health crisis with multifaceted systemic implications. This study investigates the hypothesis that patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke alongside COVID-19 exhibit elevated oxidative stress markers and altered antioxidant defense mechanisms compared to those with acute ischemic stroke. We conducted a single-center prospective cross-sectional study to investigate oxidative stress balance through oxidative damage markers: TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level) and PCARB (protein carbonyls); antioxidant defense mechanisms: TAC (total antioxidant capacity), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), GSH (reduced glutathione), CAT (catalase), and SOD (superoxide dismutase); as well as inflammatory response markers: NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), CRP (C-reactive protein), and ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Statistical analyses and correlation models were employed to elucidate potential associations and predictive factors. Our results revealed increased oxidative stress, predominantly indicated by elevated levels of TBARS in individuals experiencing ischemic stroke alongside a concurrent COVID-19 infection (p < 0.0001). The Stroke-COVID group displayed notably elevated levels of GSH (p = 0.0139 *), GPx (p < 0.0001 ****), SOD (p = 0.0363 *), and CAT (p = 0.0237 *) activities. Multivariate analysis found a significant association for TBARS (p < 0.0001 ****), PCARB (p = 0.0259 *), and GPx activity (p < 0.0001 ****), together with NLR (p = 0.0220 *) and CRP (p = 0.0008 ***). Notably, the interplay between stroke and COVID-19 infection appears to amplify oxidative damage, potentially contributing to exacerbated neurological deficits and poorer outcomes. This study highlights the intricate relationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and concurrent health conditions. Understanding these interactions may open avenues for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at ameliorating oxidative damage in patients with acute ischemic stroke and COVID-19, ultimately improving their prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Anca Pinoșanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania
| | - Roxana Surugiu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (R.S.); (C.E.S.)
| | - Emilia Burada
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Denisa Pîrșcoveanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Camelia Elena Stănciulescu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (R.S.); (C.E.S.)
| | - Raluca Elena Sandu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (R.S.); (C.E.S.)
| | - Cătălina Pisoschi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (R.S.); (C.E.S.)
| | - Carmen Valeria Albu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
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Matei MN, Popa PȘ, Covaci AM, Chipirliu O, Earar K, Stoica G, Zaharia AE, Maftei NM, Gurău G, Lisă EL, Zaharescu A. The Impact of Competitive Sports on Oral Health: Exploring Their Relationship with Salivary Oxidative Stress in Children. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2927. [PMID: 37998419 PMCID: PMC10671230 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This article explores the correlation between salivary biomarkers, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and their association with oral health for children in competitive sports. Saliva has emerged as a valuable resource for evaluating physiological and pathological conditions due to its non-invasive collection method and easy storage. This study examines the potential of GPX, TAC, and SOD as salivary biomarkers for assessing the impact of competitive sports on children's oral health. It discusses the potential implications of increased oxidative stress due to intense physical activity and the role of antioxidant defense mechanisms in maintaining oral health. In total, 173 children aged between 6 and 17 were divided into three groups, 58 hockey players, 55 football players, and 60 in the control group, and examined to assess their oral hygiene and dental and periodontal health. Saliva was collected, centrifuged, and the supernatant was analyzed for the relevant biomarkers. The findings seem to suggest that salivary biomarkers, like GPX, TAC, and SOD, might serve as indicators of the physiological response to competitive sports in children, as well as indicators of oral health, especially dental cavities, and periodontal disease. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the groups, with better values for athletes, regardless of age, sex, or activity type. Understanding the relationship between salivary biomarkers and competitive sports in children can have significant implications for monitoring and optimizing the health and performance of young athletes. Further research is needed to establish the specific associations between these biomarkers and the effects of several types and intensities of sports activities on oral health in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Șerban Popa
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunărea de Jos University of Galați, 800181 Galați, Romania
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Redox Biomarkers Assessment after Oral Administration of Wine Extract and Grape Stem Extract in Rats and Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041574. [PMID: 36838560 PMCID: PMC9965357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine and by-products of the winemaking process, such as grape stems, are rich in bioactive polyphenolic compounds that might be beneficial for animal and human health. In recent years, the administration of dietary polyphenols with strong antioxidant and cytoprotective properties has constituted an emerging line of research interest toward disease prevention. However, in scientific literature, only a limited number of studies have investigated the safety and the toxicological risks of polyphenolic compounds in vivo. Based on the above, the purpose of the present study was two-fold: first, to examine the effects of oral administration of a grape stem extract, derived from the Greek red wine Mavrodaphne, on mice redox biomarkers; and second, to investigate the biological effects of oral administration of a wine extract, derived from the emblematic Greek red wine Xinomavro, on rats. Toward this purpose, body weight, growth rate, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters, as well as a panel of redox biomarkers, were examined. According to our results, the administration of Mavrodaphne grape stem extract in mice induced alterations in redox homeostasis, preventing mice from the adverse effects of lipid peroxidation. Contrariwise, the administration of Xinomavro wine extract induced both beneficial and harmful outcomes on rat redox status determined by the examined tissue. Collectively, our study reports that the Mavrodaphne grape stem extract, a serious pollutant when disposed in environmental matrices, is an important source of bioactive polyphenolic compounds that could protect from oxidative damage and improve animal and human health. Finally, the Xinomavro wine extract exerts tissue-specific changes in redox balance, which are indicative of the complexity that characterizes the biological systems.
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Bojarczuk A, Dzitkowska-Zabielska M. Polyphenol Supplementation and Antioxidant Status in Athletes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010158. [PMID: 36615815 PMCID: PMC9823453 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants in sports exercise training remain a debated research topic. Plant-derived polyphenol supplements are frequently used by athletes to reduce the negative effects of exercise-induced oxidative stress, accelerate the recovery of muscular function, and enhance performance. These processes can be efficiently modulated by antioxidant supplementation. The existing literature has failed to provide unequivocal evidence that dietary polyphenols should be promoted specifically among athletes. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge regarding polyphenols' bioavailability, their role in exercise-induced oxidative stress, antioxidant status, and supplementation strategies in athletes. Overall, we draw attention to the paucity of available evidence suggesting that most antioxidant substances are beneficial to athletes. Additional research is necessary to reveal more fully their impact on exercise-induced oxidative stress and athletes' antioxidant status, as well as optimal dosing methods.
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Skaperda Z, Kyriazis ID, Tekos F, Alvanou MV, Nechalioti PM, Makri S, Argyriadou A, Vouraki S, Kallitsis T, Kourti M, Irene V, Arsenos G, Kouretas D. Determination of Redox Status in Different Tissues of Lambs and Kids and Their in-between Relationship. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102065. [PMID: 36290788 PMCID: PMC9598356 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the resting values of the physiological oxidative stress exhibited by lambs and kids reared in Greece, and the potential correlations between redox biomarker levels in blood and other tissues (liver, diaphragm, quadriceps, psoas major muscle). For this purpose, lambs and kids at different developmental stages (d.s.) were used. The latter corresponded to four live weight categories (LWC), each representing 25%, 35%, 70% and 100% of mature body weight. In each of the above tissues, the levels of five common redox biomarkers were determined: glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (CARBS). The results revealed that lambs and kids belonging to the 35% LWC had weaker endogenous antioxidant pools, while animals in the 70% and 100% LWC had elevated intrinsic antioxidant defense systems. Blood redox biomarkers were associated with the respective ones measured in the diaphragm, liver, quadriceps, and psoas major of both species. Importantly, TBARS levels in blood of animals in the 25% and 100% LWC are correlated with the TBARS levels in all other tissues tested. Blood antioxidant parameters might be used as potential biomarkers to predict the antioxidant status of tissues that affect meat quality. The latter would facilitate quality assessment prior to slaughter, allowing for timely nutritional interventions that can improve meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis D. Kyriazis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria V. Alvanou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Paraskevi-Maria Nechalioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Angeliki Argyriadou
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sotiria Vouraki
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Kallitsis
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Kourti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Valasi Irene
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43131 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Georgios Arsenos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2410-565277
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Estimation of Redox Status in Military Pilots during Hypoxic Flight-Simulation Conditions—A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071241. [PMID: 35883732 PMCID: PMC9312332 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
At high altitude conditions, the low-pressure atmospheric oxygen reduces the generation of energy, thus inducing a decrease in oxygen availability. As a result, endurance flights evoke imbalance in redox signaling, posing a safety risk for the pilots involved. The aim of the present study was to assess changes in the redox status of military pilots during flight simulation conditions according to their flight hours (experts vs. novice). A total of seven expert pilots and an equal number of novice pilots (trainees) were recruited from the Center for Airforce Medicine of the Greek Military Airforce. Glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase activity (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation through the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and protein oxidative damage through the assay of protein carbonyls (PCs) levels were assessed at two time points, once prior to and once immediately post a scheduled flight simulation. In the experienced pilots’ arms, GSH was significantly increased post-flight simulation, with TAC being simultaneously reduced. On the other hand, in the trainees’ arms, CAT and TAC were both increased post-flight. No differences were noted with regard to the TBARS and PCs post-simulation. When the two groups were compared, TAC and PCs were significantly lower in the trainees compared to the experienced pilots. The present study provides useful insight into the physiological redox status adaptations to hypobaric hypoxic flight conditions among pilots. In a further detail, an increase in GSH response post-flight simulation is being evoked in more experienced pilots, indicating an adaptation to the extreme flight conditions, as they battle oxidative stress.
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Pinto G, Militello R, Amoresano A, Modesti PA, Modesti A, Luti S. Relationships between Sex and Adaptation to Physical Exercise in Young Athletes: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020358. [PMID: 35206972 PMCID: PMC8871996 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the redox, hormonal, metabolic, and lipid profiles of female and male basketball players during the seasonal training period, compared to their relative sedentary controls. 20 basketball players (10 female and 10 male) and 20 sedentary controls (10 female and 10 male) were enrolled in the study. Oxidative stress, adiponectin level, and metabolic profile were determined. Male and female athletes showed an increased antioxidant capacity (27% for males; 21% for females) and lactate level (389% for males; 460% for females) and reduced salivary cortisol (25% for males; 51% for females) compared to the sedentary controls. Moreover, a peculiar metabolite (in particular, amino acids and urea), hormonal, and lipidic profile were highlighted in the two groups of athletes. Female and male adaptations to training have several common traits, such as antioxidant potential enhancement, lactate increase, and activation of detoxifying processes, such as the urea cycle and arachidonic pathways as a response to inflammation. Moreover, we found different lipid and amino acid utilization related to sex. Deeper investigation could help coaches in developing training programs based on the athletes’ sex in order to reduce the drop-out rate of sporting activity by girls and fight the gender stereotypes in sport that also have repercussions in social fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.A.)
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Consorzio Interuniversitario, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Militello
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.A.)
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Consorzio Interuniversitario, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Amedeo Modesti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Modesti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Simone Luti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.M.); (A.M.)
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Escribano-Ott I, Calleja-González J, Mielgo-Ayuso J. Ergo-Nutritional Intervention in Basketball: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:638. [PMID: 35276997 PMCID: PMC8839588 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using nutritional supplements is a widespread strategy among basketball players to ensure the appropriate provision of energy and nutrients to avoid certain complaints. Particularly in basketball, there is no consensus on the type, quantity or form of use in which these supplements should be administered. Therefore, the main aim of this systematic review is to highlight the ergo-nutritional aids that may be effective in basketball. A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA®) guidelines in the Medline/PubMed and Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases until 31 December 2021; no year restriction was applied to the search strategy. There were no filters applied to the basketball players' level, gender, race, or age to increase the power of the analysis. The results of this systematic review have shown that the effective dose of caffeine to enhance anaerobic performance and the feeling of vigorousness and energy ranges from 3 to 6 mg·kg-1, showing more positive effects when is supplemented 60-75 min before exercise in the morning and in test-based task. On the other hand, vitamin E (ranging from 200 to 268 mg), vitamin D (10,000 IU) and EPA (2 g) may have a potential role in recovery and wellness. The primary limitation of this study is the scarcity of studies related to nutritional supplementation in basketball players. However, a major strength is that this is the first systematic review describing what ergo-nutritional aids may be specifically helpful for basketball. Despite the need for future studies, certain nutritional supplements may have promising advantages for basketball (long-term supplementation of nitrates for recovery), whereas others (β-alanine, sodium bicarbonate, and acute nitrate supplementation) might theoretically be regarded as not interesting for basketball, or even not recommended by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as bovine colostrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Escribano-Ott
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, 01007 Vitoria, Spain;
| | - Julio Calleja-González
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, 01007 Vitoria, Spain;
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
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Redox Biomarker Baseline Levels in Cattle Tissues and Their Relationships with Meat Quality. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060958. [PMID: 34203695 PMCID: PMC8232099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle breeds or crossbreds with high productivity traits have been developed to meet a growing demand for food. When intensive farming practices are followed, animals face several challenges which can result in poor performance, compromised welfare and the reduced quality of their products. Our study aims to highlight the resting values of the physiological oxidative stress that three cattle breeds exhibit, and their potential relationship with meat quality. For this purpose, we determined the levels of five common redox biomarkers (glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (CARBS)) in the tissues of three commonly used beef cattle breeds (Charolais (CHA), Limousin (LIM) and Simmental (SIM)) and their association with specific meat quality traits that depend on color, pH and texture. The results revealed that LIM cattle breed animals have elevated intrinsic antioxidant defense systems in comparison to CHA and SIM cattle breed animals. In addition, the meat quality parameters were associated with the redox biomarkers. We propose that the determination of specific antioxidant parameters in the blood might be used as potential biomarkers to predict meat quality. This would allow farmers to nutritionally intervene to improve the quality of their products.
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Pomacu MM, Trașcă MD, Pădureanu V, Bugă AM, Andrei AM, Stănciulescu EC, Baniță IM, Rădulescu D, Pisoschi CG. Interrelation of inflammation and oxidative stress in liver cirrhosis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:602. [PMID: 33936259 PMCID: PMC8082585 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the trend of research has been focused on the role of hematological indicators in assessing the activities of various diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the usefulness of such hematological indicators for assessment of the relationship between inflammation and oxidative stress in order to provide new predictive tools for a non-invasive investigation of disease outcome for liver cirrhosis patients. A total of 35 subjects with compensated or decompensated liver cirrhosis and 10 age-matched healthy volunteers were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, patients with toxic metabolic cirrhosis due to ethanol consumption; group 2, patients with liver cirrhosis following hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Using hematological data obtained after the complete counting of peripheral blood cells, the monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios as well as systemic immune inflammation biomarkers were determined. The erythrocyte sedimentation ratio (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen and biochemical parameters related to liver function were also registered. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl content (PCARB), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also investigated in the peripheral blood samples of healthy subjects and liver cirrhosis patients. The results revealed that NLR, MLR and PLR were significantly increased in group 2. PLR was significantly increased in group 1 compared with that noted in the control group. TBARS and PCARB were increased in patients from group 1 compared to patients from group 2 and the control group. However, no difference in TAC was found between the liver cirrhosis groups and the control. We showed that the pro-inflammatory status of liver cirrhosis patients can be easily appreciated by NLR, MLR but not PLR. However, the increase in these ratios was not significantly associated with a decrease in the antioxidant capacity and an augmentation of oxidative stress markers for the patients diagnosed with cirrhosis included in the two groups of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea Marian Pomacu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,4th Department-Medical Specialties, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Clinical City Hospital 'Filantropia', University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Maria Diana Trașcă
- 4th Department-Medical Specialties, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Clinical City Hospital 'Filantropia', University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, County Hospital of Craiova, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Bugă
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Marina Andrei
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Ileana Monica Baniță
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dumitru Rădulescu
- Department of General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Abstract
Introduction Introduction: very few works offer a practical solution to understand the nutritional requirements of current basketball. This work offers a theoretical-practical proposal. Objectives: to analyze the fatigue produced during a basketball game and offer a practical solution to accelerate recovery through nutrition. Methods: a search of the PubMed bibliographic database for reviews from the last 15 years and original articles from the last 5 years on basketball. Results: type of nutrient and food supplements are essential for a quicker recovery, in addition to their timing and dose. Conclusions: nutrition before, during and after a game or a high-intensity training session plays a fundamental role in the recovery of the basketball player.
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Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111065. [PMID: 33143147 PMCID: PMC7693221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling.
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Hovsepian A, Esfarjani F, Bambaeichi E, Zolaktaf V. The effect of high intensity functional training on the oxidative status, muscle damage and performance of basketball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:188-198. [PMID: 32674538 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10 weeks of two different in-season training programs on the oxidative status and muscle damage and performance of professional basketball players. We hypothesized that high intensity functional training (HIFT) induces more redox sensitive adaptations than common strength and conditioning training (CSCT). METHODS Twenty professional basketball players of Iran national women's basketball league (age 21.95±2.45, years of experience 7.15±1.7), were divided into two equal training groups; HIFT and CSCT (in average of 80-150 and 180-240 minutes per week respectively). Blood samples and performance tests including VO<inf>2max</inf>, basketball simulated performance (BEST), anaerobic power, agility and vertical jump were taken before and after training. Oxidative status and tissue damage were assessed through xanthine oxidase, total antioxidant capacity, pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and creatine kinase. Data were analyzed through repeated measure mixed ANOVA. RESULTS BEST, average power and Fatigue Index significantly improved in HIFT group (α<0.05). VO<inf>2max</inf> and agility t-test improved significantly in both groups (α<0.05), with no significant difference between the two groups. Lateral agility and vertical jump did not change significantly in neither of the groups. No significant group × time interaction was observed in the biochemical factors. XO increased, TAC and CK decreased significantly in both groups (α<0.05), with no significant change in PAB in neither of the groups after training. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study showed no oxidative stress and tissue damage in none of the training groups, recommending the implication of more time-efficient HIFT method into the in-season training of team sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Hovsepian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Esfarjani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran -
| | - Efat Bambaeichi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vahid Zolaktaf
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Mititelu RR, Pădureanu R, Băcănoiu M, Pădureanu V, Docea AO, Calina D, Barbulescu AL, Buga AM. Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers-Mirror Tools in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E125. [PMID: 32429264 PMCID: PMC7277871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease, associated with significant morbidity, mainly due to progressive damage and consequent disability. Oxidative stress is an important part of RA pathophysiology, as in autoimmune disease the interaction between immune response and endogenous/exogenous antigens subsequently induce the production of reactive oxygen species. The oxidative stress process seems to be positively strongly correlated with inflammation and accelerated joint destruction. We were asking ourselves if the oxidative stress biomarkers are the mirror tools of disease activity, outcome, and inflammation level in a group of RA patients under standard or biological therapy compared to healthy age-matched controls. In order to do this, the oxidative stress damage biomarkers (lipids peroxide and protein carbonyl level), antioxidant defense capacity, and pro-inflammatory status of plasma were quantified. In this study, we took into account the complete picture of RA diseases and assessed, for the first time, the inflammatory level in correlation with the oxidative stress level and antioxidant capacity of RA patients. Our results revealed that protein oxidation through carbonylation is significantly increased in RA groups compared to controls, and both protein carbonyl Pcarb and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) are reliable markers of ROS damage. Therefore, it is unanimous that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio ( MLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PltLR) correlated with Pcarb, and TBARS can provide a view of the complex phenomenon represented by proteins/lipids damage, key contributors to disease outcome, and an increased awareness should be attributed to these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Răzvan Mititelu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.R.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Rodica Pădureanu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.R.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Manuela Băcănoiu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Andreea Lili Barbulescu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Buga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.R.M.); (R.P.)
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Peserico CS, D’Almeida V, Cavalcante-Silva V, Yamamoto JJUS, Machado FA. Effects of photobiomodulation associated with endurance running training on oxidative stress in untrained men. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Padureanu R, Albu CV, Mititelu RR, Bacanoiu MV, Docea AO, Calina D, Padureanu V, Olaru G, Sandu RE, Malin RD, Buga AM. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Interdependence in Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111815. [PMID: 31683787 PMCID: PMC6912446 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to explore the oxidative status related to inflammation in peripheral blood of stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with low disability. In this study, 31 people were included and divided into two groups: an MS group in which 16 relapsing-remitting MS patients with a low disability level (age 38.9 ± 7.08, EDSS median 2.5) were included and a control group that contains 15 healthy volunteers of similar age to the MS group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl level (PCO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as oxidative stress markers, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were analyzed in the peripheral blood sample of the healthy and the MS patients to establish the oxidative stress/inflammatory level using conventional plasma markers. In this study, we showed that the pro-inflammatory status of the relapse-remitting stage of diseases can be easily and accurately appreciated by NLR. An increased NLR is associated with a decreased antioxidant capacity, even in the early stage of neuronal damage. Oxidative stress associated with inflammation aggravates the functional outcome, potentiates neuronal damage, and can accelerate the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Padureanu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Carmen Valeria Albu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Radu Razvan Mititelu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Manuela Violeta Bacanoiu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Vlad Padureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Gabriela Olaru
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, University of Craiova, 200207 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Raluca Elena Sandu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Ramona Denise Malin
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Ana-Maria Buga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
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18
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[Influence of soccer training on parameters of oxidative stress in erythrocytes]. NUTR HOSP 2019; 36:926-930. [PMID: 31192692 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the situations of stress among which physical exercise is included imply the possibility of an excessive production of free radicals and, by their action, an oxidative stress in the cells. To combat these effects, cells have defense mechanisms called antioxidant systems. Objectives: the objective of this study is to analyze the possible physiological changes in relation to parameters related to oxidative stress (MDA) and antioxidant activity (vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E) in the erythrocytes of professional soccer players, in comparison with untrained subjects. Methods: forty-two men divided into 21 soccer players (SG) (24.95 ± 3.03 years) and 21 sedentary students (CG) (23.71 ± 2.42 years) participated in the study. Their basal levels of MDA, vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin E in erythrocytes, as well as their anthropometric characteristics and VO2max, were evaluated. Results: significant differences were observed in the anthropometric characteristics (p < 0.05) and VO2max (p > 0.01). SG presented statistically lower levels of MDA (p > 0.01), vitamin C (p > 0.05), vitamin E (p > 0.05) and vitamin A (p > 0.01). Conclusions: there is higher oxidative stress in soccer players than in sedentary players and it may be necessary to supplement with antioxidants in this group.
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19
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Nocella C, Cammisotto V, Pigozzi F, Borrione P, Fossati C, D'Amico A, Cangemi R, Peruzzi M, Gobbi G, Ettorre E, Frati G, Cavarretta E, Carnevale R. Impairment between Oxidant and Antioxidant Systems: Short- and Long-term Implications for Athletes' Health. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1353. [PMID: 31208096 PMCID: PMC6627820 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and antioxidants, has been described in several patho-physiological conditions, including cardiovascular, neurological diseases and cancer, thus impacting on individuals' lifelong health. Diet, environmental pollution, and physical activity can play a significant role in the oxidative balance of an organism. Even if physical training has proved to be able to counteract the negative effects caused by free radicals and to provide many health benefits, it is also known that intensive physical activity induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and free radical-mediated muscle damage. Indeed, variations in type, intensity, and duration of exercise training can activate different patterns of oxidant-antioxidant balance leading to different responses in terms of molecular and cellular damage. The aim of the present review is to discuss (1) the role of oxidative status in athletes in relation to exercise training practice, (2) the implications for muscle damage, (3) the long-term effect for neurodegenerative disease manifestations, (4) the role of antioxidant supplementations in preventing oxidative damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Nocella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Speciality Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Borrione
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cangemi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Parma, Ospedale Maggiore, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Evaristo Ettorre
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy.
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy.
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Ibragimova MI, Chushnikov AY, Cherepnev GV, Yu Petukhov V. Comparison of EPR Fe3+-Transferrin Versus Approved Clinical Chemistry Test for Serum Iron Measurements in Professional Ice Hockey Players and Nonathletic Controls. BIONANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-018-0587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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A battery of translational biomarkers for the assessment of the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant action of plant polyphenolic compounds: The biomarker issue. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Antonioni A, Fantini C, Dimauro I, Caporossi D. Redox homeostasis in sport: do athletes really need antioxidant support? Res Sports Med 2018; 27:147-165. [PMID: 30596287 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1563899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supplementation with antioxidants received interest as suitable tool for preventing or reducing exercise-related oxidative stress possibly leading to improvement of sport performance in athletes. To date, it is difficult to reach a conclusion on the relevance of antioxidants supplementation in athletes and/or well-trained people. The general picture that emerges from the available data indicates that antioxidants requirement can be covered by dosage equal or close to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) provided by consumption of a balanced, well-diversified diet. Nevertheless, it remains open the possibility that in specific context, such as in sports characterized by high intensity and/or exhaustive regimes, supplementation with antioxidants could be appropriated to avoid or reduce the damaging effect of these type of exercise. This review will discuss the findings of a number of key studies on the advantages and/or disadvantages for athletes of using antioxidants supplementation, either individually or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Antonioni
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences , University of Rome "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Cristina Fantini
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences , University of Rome "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Ivan Dimauro
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences , University of Rome "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- a Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences , University of Rome "Foro Italico" , Rome , Italy
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Bjugstad KB, Gutowski P, Pekarek J, Bourg P, Mains CW, Bar-Or D. Redox Changes in Amateur Race Car Drivers Before and After Racing. Sports Med Int Open 2018; 1:E212-E219. [PMID: 30539110 PMCID: PMC6226088 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-119065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the unique opportunity race car driving provides to study exercise in extreme conditions, the sport of racing is under-represented. A better understanding of how racing changes physiological measures combined with driver demographics may help reduce driver risks and expand the field of driver science. This study charted the changes in heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, static oxidation reduction potential (sORP), and antioxidant capacity in drivers before and after racing (n=23). The interaction between racing and driver characteristics on physiological variables were evaluated. Heart rate, body temperature, and sORP were elevated after racing (P<0.05). Age, cockpit temperature, experience, and speed did not correlate with physiological or oxidative measures (P>0.05). Elevated post-race sORP values were associated with higher pre-race systolic blood pressure and lower antioxidant capacity (P<0.05). We conclude that racing alters the redox response in drivers and that drivers' pre-race systolic blood pressure and antioxidant capacity can further alter it. A better understanding of the physical and oxidative changes which result from racing may help minimize the unique risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Gutowski
- St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research, Lakewood, United States
| | | | - Pamela Bourg
- St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research, Lakewood, United States
| | - Charles W Mains
- St. Anthony Hospital, Trauma Research, Lakewood, United States
| | - David Bar-Or
- Swedish Medical Center, Trauma Research, Englewood, United States
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Resistance-Trained Individuals Are Less Susceptible to Oxidative Damage after Eccentric Exercise. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6857190. [PMID: 30116488 PMCID: PMC6079342 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6857190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that exercise-induced oxidative stress and adaptations are dependent on training status. In this study, we examined the effects of training background on free radical generation and adaptations after eccentric exercise. Forty volunteers were divided into two groups (trained and untrained) and were asked to perform eccentric exercise. Then, their blood samples were collected pre, 24, 48, and 72 hours postexercise. Biomarkers indicating oxidative damage and the antioxidant profiles of the participants were measured in plasma and erythrocyte lysate both spectrophotometrically and chromatographically. The results revealed that the untrained group depicted more severe oxidative damage (protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde), weaker antioxidant status (reduced glutathione, static and capacity oxidation-reduction potential), and weaker radical-scavenging activity (superoxide radical scavenging and reducing power) compared to the trained participants. Our findings show that trained individuals are less susceptible to oxidative damage and suggest that generalized nutritional recommendations regarding recovery after exercise should be avoided.
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Sahin K, Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Sahin N, Erten F, Juturu V. Capsaicinoids improve consequences of physical activity. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:598-607. [PMID: 29854630 PMCID: PMC5977905 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids (CAPs) are active compounds in Capsicum fruits. CAPs have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. CAPs with regular exercise may enhance lipid metabolism. CAPs down-regulate muscle SREBP-1c, LXRs, ACLY, FAS in exercised rats.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of capsaicinoids (CAPs) on lipid metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant status and the changes in gene products involved in these metabolic functions in exercised rats. A total of 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7) (i) No exercise and no CAPs, (ii) No exercise + CAPs (iii) Regular exercise, (iv) Regular exercise + CAPs. Rats were administered as 0.2 mg capsaicinoids from 10 mg/kg BW/day Capsimax® daily for 8 weeks. A significant decrease in lactate and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increase in activities of antioxidant enzymes were observed in the combination of regular exercise and CAPs group (P < 0.0001). Regular exercise + CAPs treated rats had greater nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels in muscle than regular exercise and no exercise rats (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, regular exercise + CAPs treated had lower nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and IL-10 levels in muscle than regular exercise and control rats (P < 0.001). Muscle sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), liver X receptors (LXR), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) levels in the regular exercise + CAPs group were lower than all groups (P < 0.05). However, muscle PPAR-γ level was higher in the regular exercise and CAPs alone than the no exercise rats. These results suggest CAPs with regular exercise may enhance lipid metabolism by regulation of gene products involved in lipid and antioxidant metabolism including SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, and Nrf2 pathways in rats.
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Key Words
- ACLY, ATP-citrate lyase
- ACS, acetyl-CoA synthetase
- AMPK, phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase
- ARE, antioxidant response element
- CAPs, capsaicinoids
- Capsaicinoid
- Exercise
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase
- HO-1, heme-oxygenase 1
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- LXR-s, liver X receptor-s
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- Nrf2
- Nrf2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2
- PGC-la, peroxisomal proliferator activator receptor c coactivator
- PPAR-γ
- PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- SREBP-1c
- SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein1c
- TC, total serum cholesterol
- TG, triglyceride
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1
- Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor A
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
- Corresponding author: Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fusun Erten
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Vijaya Juturu
- Research and Development, Clinical Affairs, OmniActive Health Technologies Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA
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Priftis A, Angeli-Terzidou AE, Veskoukis AS, Spandidos DA, Kouretas D. Cell‑specific and roasting‑dependent regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway by coffee extracts. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:8325-8331. [PMID: 29693701 PMCID: PMC5984008 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a popular beverage that contains various bioactive compounds. However, its molecular mechanism of action is not fully elucidated. In this context, two previously characterized coffee extracts, a lightly roasted and the corresponding green one, were investigated for their effect on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target gene expression in myoblasts and endothelial cells using quantitative PCR. The tested concentrations were non-cytotoxic and led to improved redox cell status, as was evident by increased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. In both cell lines, the roasted extract upregulated gene expression more readily than its green counterpart leading to increased NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and γ-glutamyl cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, among others. The green extract had a mixed effect on the endothelial cells, while, as regards the myoblasts it caused the downregulation of some Nrf-target genes. Therefore, a potential dose- and roasting-dependent mechanism is proposed in the current study, accounting for coffee's antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Maturu P, Wei-Liang Y, Androutsopoulos VP, Jiang W, Wang L, Tsatsakis AM, Couroucli XI. Quercetin attenuates the hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal mice: Implications for Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:23-33. [PMID: 29432836 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin (QU) is one of the most common flavonoids that are present in a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, and beverages. This compound possesses potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Supplemental oxygen is routinely administered to premature infants with pulmonary insufficiency. However, hyperoxia is one of the major risk factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is also termed chronic lung disease in premature infants. Currently, no preventive approaches have been reported against BPD. The treatment of BPD is notably limited to oxygen administration, ventilatory support, and steroids. Since QU has been shown to be effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in various disease models, we hypothesized that the postnatal QU treatment of newborn mice will protect against hyperoxic lung injury by the upregulation of the phase I (CYP1A/B) and/or phase II, NADPH quinone reductase enzymes. Newborn C57BL/6J mice within 24 h of birth with the nursing dams were exposed to either 21% O2 (air) and/or 85% O2 (hyperoxia) for 7 days. The mice were treated, intraperitoneally (i.p.) once every other day with quercetin, at a concentration of 20 mg/kg, or saline alone from postnatal day (PND) 2-6. The mice were sacrificed on day 7, and lung and liver tissues were collected. The expression levels of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NQO1 proteins and mRNA as well as the levels of MDA-protein adducts were analyzed in lung and liver tissues. The findings indicated that QU attenuated hyperoxia-mediated lung injury by reducing inflammation and improving alveolarization with decreased number of neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. The attenuation of this lung injury correlated with the upregulation of CYP1A1/CYP1B1/NQO1 mRNA, proteins and the down regulation of NF-kB levels and MDA-protein adducts in lung and liver tissues. The present study demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of quercetin in the prevention and/or treatment of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramahamsa Maturu
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanhong Wei-Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasilis P Androutsopoulos
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Medical School, Voutes, Heraklion 71409, Crete, Greece
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Medical School, Voutes, Heraklion 71409, Crete, Greece
| | - Xanthi I Couroucli
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Muñoz Marín D, Barrientos G, Alves J, Grijota FJ, Robles MC, Maynar M. Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation indexes and antioxidant vitamins in long and middle distance athletes during a sport season. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2017; 58:1713-1719. [PMID: 29072036 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.17.07887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study was to observe any changes and possible adaptations produced in MDA and antioxidants vitamins on plasma and erythrocytes in endurance male athletes among an athletic season (12 months). METHODS Twenty three long and middle distance male athletes participated in this study. Basal MDA on plasma and antioxidant vitamins in plasma and erythrocytes were measured at four moments along the season (0, 3, 6 and 9 months). Fatty acid concentrations in erythrocytes were obtained to determine lipid peroxidation indexes. RESULTS In plasma, vitamin C suffered significant decreases at 3 and 6 months compared with the begin (P<0.01), and an increase at 9 months, compared with 3 months. On the other hand, vitamin A level was significantly lower at 9 months compared with the other periods (P<0.01 compared with 0 and 6 months; P<0.05 compared with 3 months). In erythrocytes, significant decreases were observed in vitamin E among the season at 6 months and an increase from 6 to 9 months (P<0.05). Vitamin A suffers a significant decrease in both for competitive periods, at 3 and 9 months, compared with the beginning of the season. The most of changes in lipid peroxidation indexes were produced along the firsts 3 months. CONCLUSIONS 1) Physical training improves the antioxidant systems in order to reduce lipid peroxidation in trained athletes along the season; 2) PUFA/SFA ratios seem more reliable than MDA to observe oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Muñoz Marín
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain -
| | - Gema Barrientos
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Alves
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco J Grijota
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria C Robles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Marcos Maynar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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29
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Bjugstad KB, Lalama J, Rael LT, Salottolo K, Dauber I, Bar-Or D. Poor acute outcome in congestive heart failure is associated with increases in the plasma static oxidation-reduction potentials (sORP) in men but not in women. Redox Rep 2017; 22:534-541. [PMID: 28845739 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1369644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In congestive heart failure (CHF), men are younger, more likely to have reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF), and to be diabetic compared to women. Despite this, sex differences in oxidative stress have yet to be explored in CHF. METHODS Data from 67 males and 63 females hospitalized for CHF were collected. Static oxidation-reduction potential (sORP), a relative indicator of oxidative stress, and capacity ORP (icORP), a relative indicator of antioxidant capacity, were measured from plasma samples. We examined whether sex modified the relationship between ORP and hospital discharge disposition (poor outcome: death, hospice), along with other demographics, medications, and diagnostic parameters. RESULTS Males with poor outcomes had higher sORP and icORP values than females (P < 0.05). For those with a good outcome, there were no differences between the sexes (P > 0.05). Males were younger and more likely to have HF-rEF and diabetes. Controlling for these variables did not account for the sex differences in ORP measures. Regardless of sex, higher creatinine was related to higher sORP and icORP, while lower magnesium and potassium were related to higher sORP and icORP, respectively. DISCUSSION Increases in sORP during CHF are partially affected by sex and acute outcomes, but are also related to variables without sexual biases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey Lalama
- b Regis University , Denver , CO , USA.,c Swedish Medical Center , Englewood , CO , USA
| | - Leonard T Rael
- a Swedish Medical Center Trauma Research Lab , Englewood , CO , USA
| | | | - Ira Dauber
- c Swedish Medical Center , Englewood , CO , USA.,d South Denver Cardiology , Littleton , CO , USA
| | - David Bar-Or
- a Swedish Medical Center Trauma Research Lab , Englewood , CO , USA.,c Swedish Medical Center , Englewood , CO , USA.,e Department of Trauma Research , St. Anthony Hospital , Lakewood , CO , USA.,f Department of Biomedical Sciences , Rocky Vista University , Aurora , CO , USA.,g Penrose-St. Francis Health Services , Colorado Springs , CO , USA
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30
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Mello R, Mello R, Gomes D, Paz GA, Nasser I, Miranda H, Salerno VP. Oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarker responses after a moderate-intensity soccer training session. Res Sports Med 2017; 25:322-332. [PMID: 28656783 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2017.1345738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of a moderate-intensity soccer training session on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant capacity in athletes along with the biomarkers creatine kinase and transaminases for lesions in muscle and liver cells. Twenty-two male soccer players participated in this study. Blood samples were collected 5 min before and after a moderate-intensity game simulation. The results showed a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) from an elevation in the production of ROS that maintained the redox homeostasis. Although the session promoted an elevated energy demand, observed by an increase in lactate and glucose levels, damage to muscle and/or liver cells was only suggested by a significant elevation in the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT). Of the two biomarkers analysed, the results suggest that measurements of the ALT levels could be adopted as a method to monitor recovery in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Mello
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Mello
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Diego Gomes
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Gabriel Andrade Paz
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,b Biodynamic laboratory of Exercise, Health, and Performance , Castelo Branco University , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Igor Nasser
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Humberto Miranda
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Verônica P Salerno
- a School of Physical Education and Sports , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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31
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Spanidis Y, Priftis A, Stagos D, Stravodimos GA, Leonidas DD, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Kouretas D. Oxidation of human serum albumin exhibits inter-individual variability after an ultra-marathon mountain race. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2382-2390. [PMID: 28565852 PMCID: PMC5443265 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the oxidation of human serum albumin (HSA) caused by oxidative stress following exhaustive and demanding exercise, such as an ultra-marathon race. For this purpose, blood samples from 12 adult runners who underwent a 103 km mountain ultra-marathon race were collected before the race, and also at 24, 48 and 72 h post-race. HSA was partially purified using affinity chromatography and consequently subjected to western blot analysis in order to determine the levels of disulfide dimers indicating oxidation. For reasons of comparison, the results were correlated with those from a previous study, in which the same samples were analyzed using different oxidative stress markers. The results revealed a good correlation between albumin dimers and protein carbonyls at all time points, while there was also a significant correlation with static oxidation reduction potential at 24 h, and a negative correlation with capacity oxidation reduction potential at 24 and 48 h. In addition, an individual analysis of albumin dimers exhibited great inter-individual differences, indicating the variation of HSA oxidation between different athletes. Namely, in some athletes, HSA seemed to be the main oxidation target of serum proteins, while in other athletes, there was even a reduction of HSA. This inter-individual variability in the oxidation of HSA may suggest that different interventions (e.g., through diet) may be required in order to confront the effects on athletes following strenuous exercise. On the whole, this study suggests the importance of the assessment of albumin dimers as a predictive marker for exercise-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ypatios Spanidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Alexandros Priftis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - George A Stravodimos
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
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32
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Kara M, Ozcagli E, Fragkiadaki P, Kotil T, Stivaktakis PD, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Alpertunga B. Determination of DNA damage and telomerase activity in stanozolol-treated rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:614-618. [PMID: 28352339 PMCID: PMC5348646 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are performance-enhancing drugs commonly abused by atheletes. Stanozolol is a synthetic testosterone-derived anabolic steroid. Although it is well known that AAS have several side-effects, there are only few toxicological studies available on the toxic effects and mechanisms of action of stanozolol. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of stanozolol and to determine its effects on telomerase activity in Sprague-Dawley male rats. For this purpose, 34 male rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: i) the control group (n=5); ii) the propylene glycol (PG)-treated group (n=5); iii) the stanozolol-treated group (n=8); iv) the PG-treated group subjected to exercise (n=8); and v) the stanozolol-treated group subjected to exercise (n=8). PG is used as a solvent control in our study. Stanozolol (5 mg/kg) and PG (1 ml/kg) were injected subcutaneously 5 days/week for 28 days. After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed, and DNA damage evaluation (comet assay) and telomerase activity assays were then performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Telomerase activity was measured by using the TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA PLUS kit. The results of this study revealed that stanozolol treatment induced DNA damage, while exercise exerted a protective effect. Stanozolol treatment without exercise stimulation was associated with a significant increase in telomerase activity in the PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - Eren Ozcagli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Center of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Tugba Kotil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
| | | | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristides M. Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Buket Alpertunga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
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33
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Oxidation-Reduction Potential as a Biomarker for Severity and Acute Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6974257. [PMID: 27642494 PMCID: PMC5014948 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6974257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There are few reliable markers for assessing traumatic brain injury (TBI). Elevated levels of oxidative stress have been observed in TBI patients. We hypothesized that oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) could be a potent biomarker in TBI. Two types of ORP were measured in patient plasma samples: the static state of oxidative stress (sORP) and capacity for induced oxidative stress (icORP). Differences in ORP values as a function of time after injury, severity, and hospital discharge were compared using ANOVAs with significance at p ≤ 0.05. Logit regression analyses were used to predict acute outcome comparing ORP, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Antioxidant capacity (icORP) on day 4 was prognostic for acute outcomes (p < 0.05). An odds ratio of 4.08 was associated with poor acute outcome when icORP > 7.25 μC. IcORP was a better predictor than ISS, AIS, or GCS scores. sORP increased in those with the highest ISS values (p < 0.05). Based on these findings ORP is useful biomarker for severity and acute outcome in TBI patients. Changes in ORP values on day 4 after injury were the most prognostic, suggesting that patients' response to brain injury over time is a factor that determines outcome.
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Spanidis Y, Mpesios A, Stagos D, Goutzourelas N, Bar-Or D, Karapetsa M, Zakynthinos E, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Leon G, Kouretas D. Assessment of the redox status in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes reveals great variations. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:895-903. [PMID: 26998009 PMCID: PMC4774368 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of a new redox status marker, the static oxidation reduction potential (sORP), for assessing oxidative stress in 75 patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). A total of 35 normal subjects were used as the controls. Moreover, conventional markers of oxidative stress were assessed, such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, the total antioxidant capacity in plasma, glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity in erythrocytes. The results revealed that sORP was significantly higher (by 13.4%) in the patients with MetS and T2D compared to the controls, indicating an increase in oxidative stress. This finding was also supported by the significantly lower levels (by 27.7%) of GSH and the higher levels (by 23.3%) of CAT activity in the patients with MetS and T2D compared to the controls. Moreover, our results indicated a great variation in oxidative stress markers between the different patients with MetS and T2D, particarly as regards the GSH levels. Thus, the patients with MetS and T2D were divided into 2 subgroups, one with low GSH levels (n=31; GSH <3 µmol/g Hb) and another with high GSH levels (n=35; GSH >4 µmol/g Hb). The comparison of the markers between the 2 subgroups indicated that in the low GSH group, the GSH levels were significantly lower (by 51.7 and 52.9%) than those in the high GSH group and the controls, respectively. Furthermore, sORP in the low GSH group was significantly higher (by 8.1%) compared to the high GSH group, suggesting its sensitivity for assessing oxidative stress in patients wtih MetS and T2D. Moreover, this variation in oxidative stress levels between the different patients with T2D suggests that the assessment of the redox status may be important in prediabetic conditions, since there is evidence indicating that differences in the redox status in pre-diabetes may result in different outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ypatios Spanidis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | - Anastasios Mpesios
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
| | - David Bar-Or
- Department of Trauma Research, St. Anthony Hospital, Lakewood, CO 80228, USA; Department of Trauma Research, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO 80113, USA; Department of Trauma Research, Medical Center of Plano, Plano, TX 75075, USA; Luoxis Diagnostics, Inc., Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Maria Karapetsa
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Thessaly Biopolis, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Zakynthinos
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Thessaly Biopolis, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - George Leon
- Standard Centre of Bioassays, 'Hartografoi Hygeias', Athens 15124, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41221, Greece
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