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Prochazkova P, Sonka K, Roubalova R, Jezkova J, Nevsimalova S, Buskova J, Merkova R, Dvorakova T, Prihodova I, Dostalova S, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H. Investigation of anti-neuronal antibodies and disparity in central hypersomnias. Sleep Med 2024; 113:220-231. [PMID: 38056084 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Microbial antigens can elicit an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with autoantigens. Still, their clinical significance in human sera in the context of brain diseases is unclear. Therefore, assessment of natural autoantibodies reacting with their neuropeptides may elucidate the autoimmune etiology of central hypersomnias. The study aims to determine whether serum autoantibody levels differ in patients with different types of central hypersomnias (narcolepsy type 1 and 2, NT1 and NT2; idiopathic hypersomnia, IH) and healthy controls and if the differences could suggest the participation of autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis. METHODS Sera from 91 patients with NT1, 27 with NT2, 46 with IH, and 50 healthy controls were examined for autoantibodies against assorted neuropeptides. Participants were screened using questionnaires related to sleep disorders, quality of life, and mental health conditions. In addition, serum biochemical parameters and biomarkers of microbial penetration through the intestinal wall were determined. RESULTS A higher prevalence of autoantibodies against neuropeptides was observed only for alpha-melanocytes-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine (NEI), which differed slightly among diagnoses. Patients with both types of narcolepsy exhibited signs of microbial translocation through the gut barrier. According to the questionnaires, patients diagnosed with NT2 or IH had subjectively worse life quality than patients with NT1. Patients displayed significantly lower levels of bilirubin and creatinine and slightly higher alkaline phosphatase values than healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Overall, serum anti-neuronal antibodies prevalence is rare, suggesting that their participation in the pathophysiology of concerned sleep disorders is insignificant. Moreover, their levels vary slightly between diagnoses indicating no major diagnostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Prochazkova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Sonka
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Janet Jezkova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Nevsimalova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Buskova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radana Merkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Dvorakova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Prihodova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Dostalova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Jia Z, Wang P, Xu Y, Feng G, Wang Q, He X, Song Y, Liu P, Chen J. Trypsin inhibitor LH011 inhibited DSS-induced mice colitis via alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986510. [PMID: 36238566 PMCID: PMC9551103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one type of inflammatory bowel disease, characterized by inflammation with infiltration and activation of macrophages in colonic tissue. LH011 is a trypsin inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory effect. Purpose: Here, we aim to assay the effects of LH011 on UC and further investigate the potential mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 3.5%, w/v) was used to induce UC, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. LH011 was administrated to mice in vivo or to RAW 264.7 cells in vitro at different concentrations. The cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and the changes of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways were detected. Results: The results showed that LH011 improved DSS-induced mice colitis, including loss of weight, disease activity index (DAI), and colonic pathological damage. In addition, LH011 inhibited the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and strengthened the anti-oxidative capacity. Mechanically, LH011 downregulated the nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 and upregulated the protein expression of Nrf2. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that LH011 alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress during UC by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmao Jia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Guodong Feng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun He
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Song
- Guangzhou Link Health Group, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
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Guo M, Liu X, Tan Y, Kang F, Zhu X, Fan X, Wang C, Wang R, Liu Y, Qin X, Jiang M, Wang X. Sucralose enhances the susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis in mice with changes in gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:9380-9390. [PMID: 34606537 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sucralose is one of the most widely used artificial sweeteners, free of nutrients and calories. Its approval and uses correlate with many of the worldwide epidemiological changes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple animal studies by us and others showed that sucralose exacerbated ileitis in SAMP1/YitFc mice and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. In this study, we further investigated the effect of sucralose on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and the associated mechanisms. Male C57BL/6 mice received 1.5 mg ml-1 sucralose in drinking water for 6 weeks. Then, 2.5% DSS was added to drinking water for 7 days to induce ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that, compared with the DSS group, administration of sucralose exacerbated the severity of colitis as indicated by the further decrease in body weight, increase in disease activity index (DAI) and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the activation of the TLR5-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and the disturbances of intestinal barrier function, along with changes in the intestinal microbiota. Our findings indicate that sucralose may increase the susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis through causing dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and damage to the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Yiwei Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Fangyuan Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Xinghua Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Xingguo Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | | | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
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De bruyn M, Ceuleers H, Hanning N, Berg M, De Man JG, Hulpiau P, Hermans C, Stenman UH, Koistinen H, Lambeir AM, De Winter BY, De Meester I. Proteolytic Cleavage of Bioactive Peptides and Protease-Activated Receptors in Acute and Post-Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10711. [PMID: 34639054 PMCID: PMC8509398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome has been studied extensively using synthetic fluorogenic substrates targeting specific sets of proteases. We explored activities in colonic tissue from a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis rat model by investigating the cleavage of bioactive peptides. Pure trypsin- and elastase-like proteases on the one hand and colonic tissue from rats with TNBS-induced colitis in the acute or post-inflammatory phase on the other, were incubated with relevant peptides to identify their cleavage pattern by mass spectrometry. An increased cleavage of several peptides was observed in the colon from acute colitis rats. The tethered ligand (TL) sequences of peptides mimicking the N-terminus of protease-activated receptors (PAR) 1 and 4 were significantly unmasked by acute colitis samples and these cleavages were positively correlated with thrombin activity. Increased cleavage of β-endorphin and disarming of the TL-sequence of the PAR3-based peptide were observed in acute colitis and linked to chymotrypsin-like activity. Increased processing of the enkephalins points to the involvement of proteases with specificities different from trypsin- or chymotrypsin-like enzymes. In conclusion, our results suggest thrombin, chymotrypsin-like proteases and a set of proteases with different specificities as potential therapeutic targets in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle De bruyn
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (M.D.b.); (A.-M.L.)
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
| | - Hannah Ceuleers
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nikita Hanning
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Maya Berg
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
| | - Joris G. De Man
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Center (BiKC), Howest University of Applied Sciences, 8000 Bruges, Belgium; (P.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Cedric Hermans
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Center (BiKC), Howest University of Applied Sciences, 8000 Bruges, Belgium; (P.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Ulf-Håkan Stenman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (U.-H.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (U.-H.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Anne-Marie Lambeir
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (M.D.b.); (A.-M.L.)
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
| | - Benedicte Y. De Winter
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (M.D.b.); (A.-M.L.)
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (H.C.); (N.H.); (M.B.); (J.G.D.M.); (B.Y.D.W.)
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Zhan GF, Wang Y, Yang N, Luo AL, Li SY. Digestive system involvement of infections with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: Clinical manifestations and potential mechanisms. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:561-575. [PMID: 33642829 PMCID: PMC7901047 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i7.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although coronavirus (CoV) infection is often characterized by respiratory symptoms, the virus can also result in extrapulmonary symptoms, especially the symptoms related to the digestive system. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently the world’s most pressing public health threat and has a significant impact on civil societies and the global economy. The occurrence of digestive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 is closely related to the development and prognosis of the disease. Moreover, thus far, there are no specific antiviral drug or vaccine approved for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. Therefore, we elaborate on the effects of CoVs on the digestive system and the potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ai-Lin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shi-Yong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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Hao H, Guo H, Ma RL, Yan YZ, Hu YH, Ma JL, Zhang XH, Wang XP, Wang K, Mu LT, Song YP, Zhang JY, He J, Guo SX. Association of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin content with metabolic syndrome among Kazakhs in Xinjiang. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:110. [PMID: 32698889 PMCID: PMC7376964 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-00563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have shown that a high level of bilirubin is a protective factor against metabolic syndrome (MS), while a high level of transaminase is a risk factor for MS. However, the existing results are inconsistent and few cohort studies have been published. METHODS Using an ambispective cohort study, 565 Kazakhs from Xinjiang, China were selected as the study subjects. The baseline serum bilirubin and transaminase levels of the subjects were divided into quartiles and the relationship between these values and the incidence of MS was analyzed. The definition of MS was based on the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) diagnostic criteria. RESULTS The average follow-up time for the subjects was 5.72 years. The cumulative incidence of MS was 36.11% (204 of the 565 subjects), and the incidence density was 63.10/1000 person-years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the levels of total bilirubin (TBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were negatively correlated with the occurrence of MS, Compared to the lowest quartile level (Q1), the hazard ratios of MS the TBIL levels at the Q2-Q4 quartiles were: 0.47 (0.31-0.71), 0.53 (0.35-0.79), and 0.48 (0.32-0.72), respectively, while IBIL levels at the Q2-Q4 quartiles showed an MS hazard ratio of 0.48 (0.32-0.72), 0.54(0.36-0.81), and 0.52 (0.35-0.77), respectively, all at a 95% confidence level. However, no relationship was found between transaminase levels and the incidence of MS. CONCLUSION Serum TBIL and IBIL levels were negatively correlated with the incidence of MS in a Kazakh population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hao
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ru-Lin Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Yan
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yun-Hua Hu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiao-Long Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - La-Ti Mu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan-Peng Song
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Shu-Xia Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Li X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li X, Liu X, Guo M, Tan Y, Qin X, Wang X, Jiang M. Sucralose Promotes Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Murine Model Along With Changes in Microbiota. Front Oncol 2020; 10:710. [PMID: 32582527 PMCID: PMC7286428 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucralose is a calorie-free high-intensity artificial sweetener that is widely used in thousands of foods and beverages all over the world. Although it was initially regarded as a safe, inert food additive, its adverse effect on gut microbiota and health has drawn more and more attention as evidence accumulates. Studies by us and others revealed that sucralose exacerbated gut damage and inflammation in animal models for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including those for both ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Our study demonstrated that sucralose greatly aggravated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis along with causing changes in gut microbiota, the gut barrier and impaired inactivation of digestive proteases mediated by deconjugated bilirubin. It is well-documented that IBD greatly increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), the globally third-most-common cancer, which, like IBD, has a high rate in the developed countries. Azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS has been the most commonly used animal model for CRC. In this study, we further explored the effect of sucralose on tumorigenesis and the possible mechanism involved using the AOM/DSS mouse model. First, 1.5 mg/ml sucralose was included in the drinking water for 6 weeks to reach a relatively stable phase of impact on gut microbiota. Then, 10 mg/kg AOM was administered through intraperitoneal injection. Seven days later, 2.5% DSS was put in the drinking water for 5 days, followed by 2 weeks without DSS. The 5 days of DSS was then repeated, and the mice were sacrificed 6 weeks after AOM injection. The results showed that sucralose caused significant increases in the number and size of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal tumors along with changes in other parameters such as body and spleen weight, pathological scores, mortality, fecal β-glucuronidase and digestive proteases, gut barrier molecules, gut microbiota, inflammatory cytokines and pathways (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling), and STAT3/VEGF tumor-associated signaling pathway molecules. These results suggest that sucralose may increase tumorigenesis along with dysbiosis of gut microbiota, impaired inactivation of digestive protease, damage to the gut barrier, and exacerbated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengru Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiwei Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofa Qin
- GI Biopharma Inc., Westfield, NJ, United States
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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He Y, Li X, Yu H, Ge Y, Liu Y, Qin X, Jiang M, Wang X. The Functional Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:393. [PMID: 31803633 PMCID: PMC6873233 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly studies revealed that dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has drawn more and more attention and become an important therapeutic approach. This study aims to examine the facts about the effective components and look into potential mechanisms of FMT. Colitis was induced by 3% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. Colitis mice were administered by oral gavage with fecal suspension, fecal supernatant, fecal bacteria, or boiling-killed fecal bacteria from healthy controls and the disease activity index was monitored daily. On the seventh day, mice were euthanized. The length, histological score, parameters related to inflammation, gut barrier functions of the colon, activities of digestive protease and β-glucuronidase in feces were measured. All of the four fecal components showed certain degree of efficacy in DSS-induced colitis, while transplantation of fecal suspension showed the most potent effect as demonstrated by less body weight loss, lower disease activity scores, more expression of tight junction proteins and TRAF6 and IκBα, less expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TLR-4, and MyD88 in gut tissue, as well as restoration of fecal β-glucuronidase and decreases in fecal digestive proteases. These results provide a novel insight into the possible mechanism of FMT and may help to improve and optimize clinical use of FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yixuan Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofa Qin
- GI Biopharma Inc., Westfield, NJ, United States
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Correlations between the serum bilirubin level and ulcerative colitis: a case-control study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:992-997. [PMID: 31205128 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze whether the bilirubin level is a protective factor in ulcerative colitis (UC) and the predictive value of the bilirubin level. PATIENTS AND METHODS We compared the bilirubin levels of 100 UC patients and 140 healthy controls as well as those of the subgroups of patients with different UC severities and then analyzed the correlation between the bilirubin level and UC and the correlations among the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level, UC severity, and bilirubin level. The predictive value of the bilirubin level for UC was determined by constructing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS The mean levels of the total bilirubin (TBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) in the UC were lower in comparison with the mean TBIL and IBIL levels in the control group, and the TBIL and IBIL levels were significantly higher in the mild activity subgroup than in the moderate and severe activity subgroups (P<0.05). TBIL (P<0.001, 95% confidence interval: 0.794-0.918) and especially IBIL (P<0.001, 95% confidence interval: 0.646-0.809) were independent protective factors for UC. There were also significant differences in the serum ESR and hs-CRP levels between the patients with different UC severities (ESR=χ: 23.975; hs-CRP=χ: 26.626, P<0.001), and there was a positive correlation between these two parameters (ESR=r: 0.472; hs-CRP=r: 0.495, P<0.001). However, the TBIL and IBIL levels were correlated negatively with the ESR (rtotal=-0.429, rindirect=-0.461, P<0.001) and hs-CRP (rtotal=-0.289, rindirect=-0.25, P<0.05) levels. The ROC curve showed that the threshold values of TBIL and IBIL were 8.87 and 6.735 µmol/l, the areas under the maximum ROC curve were 0.664 and 0.716, the sensitivities were 0.450 and 0.61, and the specificities were 0.800 and 0.786, respectively. CONCLUSION TBIL and especially IBIL may be independent protective factors for UC because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. A low level of IBIL has a moderate predictive value for UC, and an IBIL level less than 6.735 µmol/l can be used as a defining index for predicting UC.
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Zheng JD, He Y, Yu HY, Liu YL, Ge YX, Li XT, Li X, Wang Y, Guo MR, Qu YL, Qin XF, Jiang MS, Wang XH. Unconjugated bilirubin alleviates experimental ulcerative colitis by regulating intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:1865-1878. [PMID: 31057300 PMCID: PMC6478610 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i15.1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and organisms and how it influences immune responses remain unresolved.
AIM To investigate the role of UCB in intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation in mice with dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis.
METHODS Acute colitis was induced by 3% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium salt in drinking water for 6 d followed by untreated water for 2 d. Concurrently, mice with colitis were administered 0.2 mL UCB (400 μmol/L) by intra-gastric gavage for 7 d. Disease activity index (DAI) was monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The length of the colon and weight of the spleen were recorded. Serum level of D-lactate, intestinal digestive proteases activity, and changes to the gut flora were analyzed. In addition, colonic specimens were analyzed by histology and for expression of inflammatory markers and proteins.
RESULTS Mice treated with UCB had significantly relieved severity of colitis, including lower DAI, longer colon length, and lower spleen weight (colon length: 4.92 ± 0.09 cm vs 3.9 ± 0.15 cm; spleen weight: 0.33 ± 0.04 vs 0.74 ± 0.04, P < 0.001). UCB administration inactivated digestive proteases (chymotrypsin: 18.70 ± 0.69 U/g vs 44.81 ± 8.60 U/g; trypsin: 1.52 ± 0.23 U/g vs 9.05 ± 1.77 U/g, P < 0.01), increased expression of tight junction (0.99 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.03, P < 0.001), decreased serum level of D-lactate (31.76 ± 3.37 μmol/L vs 54.25 ± 1.45 μmol/L, P < 0.001), and lowered histopathological score (4 ± 0.57 vs 7 ± 0.57, P < 0.001) and activity of myeloperoxidase (46.79 ± 2.57 U/g vs 110.32 ± 19.19 U/g, P < 0.001). UCB also regulated the intestinal microbiota, inhibited expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin 1β (TNF-α: 52.61 ± 7.81 pg/mg vs 105.04 ± 11.92 pg/mg, interleukin 1β: 13.43 ± 1.68 vs 32.41 ± 4.62 pg/mg, P < 0.001), decreased expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (0.61 ± 0.09 vs 1.07 ± 0.03, P < 0.001) and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (0.73 ± 0.08 vs 1.01 ± 0.07, P < 0.05), and increased expression of TNF-receptor-associated factor 6 (0.79 ± 0.02 vs 0.43 ± 0.09 P < 0.05) and inhibitor of kappa B α (0.93 ± 0.07 vs 0.72 ± 0.07, P < 0.05) in the colon.
CONCLUSION UCB can protect intestinal barrier function, regulate normal intestinal homeostasis, and suppress inflammation via the Toll-like receptor 4/ nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dong Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Heng-Yuan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuan-Li Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue-Ting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Meng-Ru Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Lin Qu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fa Qin
- Founder, GI Biopharma Inc., Westfield, NJ 07090, United States
| | - Ming-Shan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
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He Y, Yu H, Ge Y, Li X, Jiang M, Liu Y, Li X, Wang Y, Guo M, Qin X, Wang X. Bacterial β-glucuronidase alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice: A possible crucial new diagnostic and therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:426-433. [PMID: 30967260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are devastating diseases of the gut. At present, all the treatments are mainly targeting symptoms like inflammation. The disease remains regarded as incurable, largely due to lacking of knowledge on its etiology. Our previous studies suggested that impaired inactivation of digestive proteases by deconjugated bilirubin in experimental colitis, thus bacterial β-glucuronidase for catalyzing the reaction, may have played critical role in the pathogenesis of IBD. METHODS We first analyzed β-glucuronidase activity in gut tissue and feces of mice by a colitis model. Then the effect of β-glucuronidase on experimental colitis was investigated in detail by administration of β-glucuronidase (from E. coli) and fecal material transplantation to mice with 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. RESULTS Mice with colitis showed unchanged activity of β-glucuronidase in colon tissue but decreased activity in feces. Treatment with bacterial β-glucuronidase at 100 U or above alleviated DSS-induced colitis as demonstrated by the less body weight loss, less disease activity score, increased expression of tight junction proteins and decreased gut permeability, decreases in MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR-4 and MyD88, and increase in IL-10 and IκBα in gut, restored fecal β-glucuronidase and gut microbiota along with decreases in fecal digestive proteases. Transplantation of fecal material from control to colitis mice showed similar effects as treatment with β-glucuronidase. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial β-glucuronidase showed strong inhibition on colitis along with the reduction in fecal digestive proteases, which may be a crucial diagnostic and therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yixuan Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengru Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofa Qin
- GI Biopharma Inc., Westfield, NJ, 07090, USA.
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team in Higher Education Institutes for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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12
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Weaver L, Hamoud AR, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Biliverdin reductase and bilirubin in hepatic disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G668-G676. [PMID: 29494209 PMCID: PMC6032063 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00026.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The buildup of fat in the liver (hepatic steatosis) is the first step in a series of incidents that may drive hepatic disease. Obesity is the leading cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in which hepatic steatosis progresses to liver disease. Chronic alcohol exposure also induces fat accumulation in the liver and shares numerous similarities to obesity-induced NAFLD. Regardless of whether hepatic steatosis is due to obesity or long-term alcohol use, it still may lead to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, or possibly hepatocellular carcinoma. The antioxidant bilirubin and the enzyme that generates it, biliverdin reductase A (BVRA), are components of the heme catabolic pathway that have been shown to reduce hepatic steatosis. This review discusses the roles for bilirubin and BVRA in the prevention of steatosis, their functions in the later stages of liver disease, and their potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Weaver
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Abdul-rizaq Hamoud
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio
| | - David E. Stec
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Terry D. Hinds
- 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio
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