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Akash S, Bayıl I, Rahman MA, Mukerjee N, Maitra S, Islam MR, Rajkhowa S, Ghosh A, Al-Hussain SA, Zaki MEA, Jaiswal V, Sah S, Barboza JJ, Sah R. Target specific inhibition of West Nile virus envelope glycoprotein and methyltransferase using phytocompounds: an in silico strategy leveraging molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1189786. [PMID: 37455711 PMCID: PMC10338848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1189786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are the primary vector for West Nile virus, a flavivirus. The virus's ability to infiltrate and establish itself in increasing numbers of nations has made it a persistent threat to public health worldwide. Despite the widespread occurrence of this potentially fatal disease, no effective treatment options are currently on the market. As a result, there is an immediate need for the research and development of novel pharmaceuticals. To begin, molecular docking was performed on two possible West Nile virus target proteins using a panel of twelve natural chemicals, including Apigenin, Resveratrol, Hesperetin, Fungisterol, Lucidone, Ganoderic acid, Curcumin, Kaempferol, Cholic acid, Chlorogenic acid, Pinocembrin, and Sanguinarine. West Nile virus methyltransferase (PDB ID: 2OY0) binding affinities varied from -7.4 to -8.3 kcal/mol, whereas West Nile virus envelope glycoprotein affinities ranged from -6.2 to -8.1 kcal/mol (PDB ID: 2I69). Second, substances with larger molecular weights are less likely to be unhappy with the Lipinski rule. Hence, additional research was carried out without regard to molecular weight. In addition, compounds 01, 02, 03, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10 and 11 are more soluble in water than compound 04 is. Besides, based on maximum binding affinity, best three compounds (Apigenin, Curcumin, and Ganoderic Acid) has been carried out molecular dynamic simulation (MDs) at 100 ns to determine their stability. The MDs data is also reported that these mentioned molecules are highly stable. Finally, advanced principal component analysis (PCA), dynamics cross-correlation matrices (DCCM) analysis, binding free energy and dynamic cross correlation matrix (DCCM) theoretical study is also included to established mentioned phytochemical as a potential drug candidate. Research has indicated that the aforementioned natural substances may be an effective tool in the battle against the dangerous West Nile virus. This study aims to locate a bioactive natural component that might be used as a pharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Imren Bayıl
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
| | | | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Swastika Maitra
- Department of Microbiology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanchaita Rajkhowa
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Microbiology Division, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikash Jaiswal
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sanjit Sah
- Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, India
- SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kayanpur, Siraha, Nepal
| | | | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Wang J, Zhang X, Yang X, Yu H, Bu M, Fu J, Zhang Z, Xu H, Hu J, Lu J, Zhang H, Zhai Z, Yang W, Wu X, Wang Y, Tong Q. Revitalizing myocarditis treatment through gut microbiota modulation: unveiling a promising therapeutic avenue. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1191936. [PMID: 37260696 PMCID: PMC10229058 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1191936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota plays an important role in the development and treatment of different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, evidence from recent studies has shown that gut microbiota contributes to the development of myocarditis. Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease that often results in myocardial damage. Myocarditis is a common cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults. The incidence of myocarditis and its associated dilated cardiomyopathy has been increasing yearly. Myocarditis has gained significant attention on social media due to its association with both COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccinations. However, the current therapeutic options for myocarditis are limited. In addition, little is known about the potential therapeutic targets of myocarditis. In this study, we review (1) the evidence on the gut-heart axis, (2) the crosslink between gut microbiota and the immune system, (3) the association between myocarditis and the immune system, (4) the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on myocarditis, (5) current strategies for modulating gut microbiota, (6) challenges and future directions for targeted gut microbiota in the treatment of myocarditis. The approach of targeting the gut microbiota in myocarditis is still in its infancy, and this is the study to explore the gut microbiota-immune system-myocarditis axis. Our findings are expected to pave the way for the use of gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haojian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yan R, He J, Liu G, Zhong J, Xu J, Zheng K, Ren Z, He Z, Zhu Q. Drug Repositioning for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Viruses 2022; 15:75. [PMID: 36680115 PMCID: PMC9861398 DOI: 10.3390/v15010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious disease in children caused by a group of enteroviruses. HFMD currently presents a major threat to infants and young children because of a lack of antiviral drugs in clinical practice. Drug repositioning is an attractive drug discovery strategy aimed at identifying and developing new drugs for diseases. Notably, repositioning of well-characterized therapeutics, including either approved or investigational drugs, is becoming a potential strategy to identify new treatments for virus infections. Various types of drugs, including antibacterial, cardiovascular, and anticancer agents, have been studied in relation to their therapeutic potential to treat HFMD. In this review, we summarize the major outbreaks of HFMD and the progress in drug repositioning to treat this disease. We also discuss the structural features and mode of action of these repositioned drugs and highlight the opportunities and challenges of drug repositioning for HFMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jiahao He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ge Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiapeng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhendan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qinchang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
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Xu W, Du J, Wei TT, Chen LY, Yang XX, Bo T, Liu HY, Xie MZ, Zhao TS, Yang JL, Cui F, Chen WW, Lu QB. Alterations in bile acids as metabolic signatures in the patients with human adenovirus type 7 infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:896409. [PMID: 36160124 PMCID: PMC9489940 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.896409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The changes in metabolism by human adenovirus (HAdV) infection was unclear. The potential mechanism of HAdV-7 causing acute respiratory tract infection was explored. Methods Totally 35 patients with HAdV-7 infection, 32 asymptomatic cases with HAdV-7 and 14 healthy controls were enrolled from an outbreak of HAdV-7 in the army. The serum samples were analyzed by untargeted and targeted metabolomics. The effects of differential metabolites were verified on HAdV-7 replication in an A549 cell line. Results The untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed more significant changes in the classes of sphingolipids, polyketides, glycerolipids, fatty acyls, and carboxylic acids and their derivatives in the patients with HAdV-7 than in healthy controls. Two key metabolic pathways of secondary and primary bile acid biosynthesis were noted from pathway enrichment analysis. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that the levels of unconjugated bile acids in the patients were significantly lower, while the levels of glyco- and tauro- conjugated bile acids in patients and asymptomatic cases were higher than those in the healthy controls. The profiles of cytokines and peripheral lymphocyte subsets obviously varied at different levels of bile acids, with significant differences after HAdV-7 infection. A cell verification test demonstrated that the replication of HAdV-7 significantly reduced when GCDCA and TCA were added. Conclusion Bile acids inhibited HAdV-7 replication in vitro. Alterations in bile acids was metabolic signatures of HAdV-7 infected subjects, and our results suggested bile acids might play protective roles against HAdV-7 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wei
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Yi Chen
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tu Bo
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Yu Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Shuo Zhao
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Lian Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fuqiang Cui,
| | - Wei-Wei Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- Wei-Wei Chen,
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology and Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Qing-Bin Lu,
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Shi H, Yu Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Yu Y, Li M, Zou Y, Chen R, Ge J. Inhibition of Calpain Alleviates Apoptosis in Coxsackievirus B3-induced Acute Virus Myocarditis Through Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int Heart J 2021; 62:900-909. [PMID: 34234076 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Virus myocarditis (VMC) is a common cardiovascular disease and a major cause of sudden death in young adults. However, there is still a lack of effective treatments. Our previous studies found that calpain activation was involved in VMC pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms further. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and transgenic mice overexpressing calpastatin (Tg-CAST), the endogenous calpain inhibitor, were used to establish VMC model. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining revealed inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. An ELISA array detected myocardial injury. Cardiac function was measured using echocardiography. CVB3 replication was assessed by capsid protein VP1. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, and western blot. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins were detected by western blot. Our data showed that CVB3 infection resulted in cardiac injury, as evidenced by increased inflammatory responses and fibrosis, which induced myocardial apoptosis. Inhibiting calpain, both by PD150606 and calpastatin overexpression, could attenuate these effects. Furthermore, ER stress was activated during CVB3 infection. However, calpain inhibition could downregulate some ER stress-associated protein levels such as GRP78, pancreatic ER kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE-1α), and ER stress-related apoptotic factors, during CVB3 infection. In conclusion, calpain inhibition attenuated CVB3-induced myocarditis by suppressing ER stress, thereby inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
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Wei Y, Wang H, Xi C, Li N, Li D, Yao C, Sun G, Ge H, Hu K, Zhang Q. Antiviral Effects of Novel 2-Benzoxyl-Phenylpyridine Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:E1409. [PMID: 32204528 PMCID: PMC7144376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the most common cause of acute and chronic viral myocarditis, primarily in children, while human adenovirus infections represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, in people of all ages. A series of novel 2-benzoxyl-phenylpyridine derivatives were evaluated for their potential antiviral activities against CVB3 and adenovirus type 7 (ADV7). Preliminary assays indicated that some of these compounds exhibited excellent antiviral effects on both CVB3 and ADV7 viruses; they could effectively inhibit virus-induced cytopathic effects, reduce viral progeny yields, and had similar or superior antiviral activities compared with the control drug, ribavirin. Further, these compounds targeted the early stages of CVB3 replication in cells, including viral RNA replication and protein synthesis, rather than inactivating the virus directly, inhibiting virus adsorption/entry, or affecting viral release from cells. Our data demonstrate that the tested 2-benzoxyl-phenylpyridine derivatives are effective inhibitors of CVB3 and ADV7, raising the possibility that these compounds might be feasible candidates for anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wei
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Haijie Wang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Caili Xi
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Ni Li
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Dong Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
| | - Chenguang Yao
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Ge Sun
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Hongmei Ge
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Kanghong Hu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Y.W.); (H.W.); (C.X.); (N.L.); (C.Y.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
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Kim SH, Lee J, Jung YL, Hong A, Nam SJ, Lim BK. Salvianolic Acid B Inhibits Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease Enterovirus 71 Replication through Enhancement of AKT Signaling Pathway. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:38-43. [PMID: 31752055 PMCID: PMC9728356 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1907.07079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) in infants and children under six years of age. HFMD is characterized by fever, mouth ulcers, and vesicular rashes on the palms and feet. EV71 also causes severe neurological manifestations, such as brainstem encephalitis and aseptic meningitis. Recently, frequent outbreaks of EV71 have occurred in the Asia-Pacific region, but currently, no effective antiviral drugs have been developed to treat the disease. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on EV71. SalB is a major component of the Salvia miltiorrhiza root and has been shown to be an effective treatment for subarachnoid hemorrhages and myocardial infarctions. HeLa cells were cultured in 12-well plates and treated with SalB (100 or 10 µg/ml) and 106 PFU/ml of EV71. SalB treatment (100 µg/ml) significantly decreased the cleavage of the eukaryotic eIF4G1 protein and reduced the expression of the EV71 capsid protein VP1. In addition, SalB treatment showed a dramatic decrease in viral infection, measured by immunofluorescence staining. The Akt signaling pathway, a key component of cell survival and proliferation, was significantly increased in EV71-infected HeLa cells treated with 100 µg/ml SalB. RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA for anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the cell cycle regulator Cyclin-D1 were significantly increased by SalB treatment. These results indicate that SalB activates Akt/PKB signaling and inhibits apoptosis in infected HeLa cells. Taken together, these results suggest that SalB could be used to develop a new therapeutic drug for EV71-induced HFMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk 28024, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 10-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Lin Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk 28024, Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Hong
- Graduate School of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 10-750, Republic of Korea,S.J.N. Phone: +82-43-830-8605 Fax: +82-43-830-8579 E-mail:
| | - Byung-Kwan Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk 28024, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors B.K.L. Phone: +82-43-830-8605 Fax: +82-43-830-8579 E-mail:
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8
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Wang MJ, Yang CH, Jin Y, Wan CB, Qian WH, Xing F, Li X, Liu YY. Baicalin Inhibits Coxsackievirus B3 Replication by Reducing Cellular Lipid Synthesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:143-160. [PMID: 31903780 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Baicalin is a flavonoid extracted from Scutellariae Radix and shows a variety of biological activities as reducing lipids, diminishing inflammation, and inhibiting bacterial infection. However, there is no report of baicalin against CVB3 infection. In this study, we found that baicalin can reduce viral titer in a dose-dependent manner in vitro at a dose with no direct virucidal effect. Moreover, we revealed that baicalin can also improve survival rate, reduce heart weight/body weight ratio, prevent virus replication, and relieve myocardial inflammation in the acute viral myocarditis mouse model induced by CVB3. Then, in order to explore the mechanism of baicalin inhibiting CVB3 replication, we respectively examined the expression of autophagosome marker LC3-II by Western blot, tested the concentration of free fatty acid (FFA) and cholesterol (CHO) by commercial kits, detected the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (Fasn) and acetyl coenzyme a carboxylase (ACC) by RT-PCR, and observed the lipid content of cells by fluorescence staining. The results showed that CVB3 infection increased autophagosome formation and lipid content in HeLa cells, but these changes were significantly blocked by baicalin. Finally, in order to confirm that baicalin inhibits viral replication and reduces autophagosome formation by reducing cellular lipids, we added exogenous palmitate to cell culture supernatants to promote intracellular lipid synthesis and found that palmitate did not alter LC3-II and CVB3/VP1 expression in HeLa cells with or without CVB3 infection. Interestingly, palmitate can reverse the inhibitory effect of baicalin on autophagosome formation and viral replication. In conclusion, our results indicated that lipids play an important role in CVB3 replication, and the effect of baicalin against CVB3 was associated with its ability to reduce cellular lipid synthesis to limit autophagosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Lian'shui County People's Hospital, 6 East of Hongri Avenue, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223400, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai'an Hospital of Huaian District, 14 Yuemiao East Street, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223200, P. R. China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 Huaihai South Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Biao Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 Huaihai South Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P. R. China
| | - Wei-He Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 Huaihai South Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 Huaihai South Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 Huaihai South Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizhi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P. R. China.,Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 Beijing West Road, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P. R. China
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9
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Inhibitory effect of melatonin on Mst1 ameliorates myocarditis through attenuating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:405-415. [PMID: 31256303 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis has been found to be one of the leading causes of sudden death in young adults. However, no effective drugs have been developed to intervene the progression of myocarditis. Accordingly, the present study is carried out to explore the protective role played by melatonin in the setting of viral myocarditis with a focus on Mst1-Hippo pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Cardiac function was determined via echocardiographic examination. Mitochondrial function and ER stress were detected via ELISA, western blots, and immunofluorescence. Our data demonstrated that virus injection induced cardiac dysfunction as evidenced by reduced contractile function in myocardium. Besides, LDH release assay and western blotting analysis demonstrated that cardiomyocyte death was activated by virus injection. Interestingly, melatonin treatment improved cardiac function and repressed virus-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. At the molecular levels, mitochondrial dysfunction was induced by virus infection, as indicated by mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, mPTP opening rate elevation and caspase-9-related apoptosis activation. Besides, ER stress parameters were also elevated in virus-treated cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, melatonin treatment maintained mitochondrial dysfunction and repressed ER stress. To the end, we found that Mst1 was upregulated by virus infection; this effect was attenuated through supplementation with melatonin. However, Mst1 overexpression reduced the beneficial impact exerted by melatonin on cardiomyocyte viability, mitochondrial function and ER homeostasis. Our study illustrated that melatonin treatment attenuated viral myocarditis via sustaining cardiomyocyte viability, repressing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting ER stress in a manner dependent on Mst1 inhibition.
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10
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Zuo K, Li J, Li K, Hu C, Gao Y, Chen M, Hu R, Liu Y, Chi H, Wang H, Qin Y, Liu X, Li S, Cai J, Zhong J, Yang X. Disordered gut microbiota and alterations in metabolic patterns are associated with atrial fibrillation. Gigascience 2019; 8:giz058. [PMID: 31149718 PMCID: PMC6543127 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the establishment of the heart-gut axis concept, accumulating studies suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Yet, little evidence has been reported in characterizing the gut microbiota shift in atrial fibrillation. METHODS We include the result of the global alterations that occur in the intestinal microbiota in a cohort of 50 patients with atrial fibrillation and 50 matched controls based on a strategy of metagenomic and metabolomic analyses. RESULTS The alterations include a dramatic elevation in microbial diversity and a specific perturbation of gut microbiota composition. Overgrowth of Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus, as well as reduction of Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Oscillibacter, and Bilophila were detected in patients with atrial fibrillation. A gut microbial function imbalance and correlated metabolic pattern changes were observed with atrial fibrillation in both fecal and serum samples. The differential gut microbiome signatures could be used to identify patients with atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings characterize the disordered gut microbiota and microbial metabolite profiles in atrial fibrillation. Further research could determine whether intervention strategies targeting intestinal microbiome composition might be useful to counteract the progression of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zuo
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jing Li
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Kuibao Li
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Chaowei Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanfeng Gao
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Mulei Chen
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Roumu Hu
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hongjie Chi
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hongjiang Wang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shichao Li
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Hypertension Center, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of China, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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