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Tilsed CM, Morales MLO, Zemek RM, Gordon BA, Piggott MJ, Nowak AK, Fisher SA, Lake RA, Lesterhuis WJ. Tretinoin improves the anti-cancer response to cyclophosphamide, in a model-selective manner. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:203. [PMID: 38350880 PMCID: PMC10865642 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is included in treatment regimens for many solid cancers, but when administered as a single agent it is rarely curative. The addition of immune checkpoint therapy to standard chemotherapy regimens has improved response rates and increased survival in some cancers. However, most patients do not respond to treatment and immune checkpoint therapy can cause severe side effects. Therefore, there is a need for alternative immunomodulatory drugs that enhance chemotherapy. METHODS We used gene expression data from cyclophosphamide (CY) responders and non-responders to identify existing clinically approved drugs that could phenocopy a chemosensitive tumor microenvironment (TME), and tested combination treatments in multiple murine cancer models. RESULTS The vitamin A derivative tretinoin was the top predicted upstream regulator of response to CY. Tretinoin pre-treatment induced an inflammatory, interferon-associated TME, with increased infiltration of CD8 + T cells, sensitizing the tumor to subsequent chemotherapy. However, while combination treatment significantly improved survival and cure rate in a CD4+ and CD8+ T cell dependent manner in AB1-HA murine mesothelioma, this effect was model-selective, and could not be replicated using other cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Despite the promising data in one model, the inability to validate the efficacy of combination treatment in multiple cancer models deprioritizes tretinoin/cyclophosphamide combination therapy for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Tilsed
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Rachael M Zemek
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 6872, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Brianna A Gordon
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew J Piggott
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Anna K Nowak
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Scott A Fisher
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard A Lake
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia.
- Institute for Respiratory Health, 6101, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 6872, West Perth, WA, Australia.
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Ghahramanipour Z, Alipour S, Masoumi J, Rostamlou A, Hatami-Sadr A, Heris JA, Naseri B, Jafarlou M, Baradaran B. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions by Vitamins as Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Immune System Disorders. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300142. [PMID: 37423961 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A functional immune system is crucial for a healthy life, protecting from infections, tumors, or autoimmune disorders; these are accomplished by the interaction between various immune cells. Nourishment, particularly micronutrients, are very important components in the immune system balance, therefore this review emphasizes the vitamins (D, E, A, C) and Dendritic cells' subsets due to vitamins' roles in immune processes, especially on dendritic cells' functions, maturation, and cytokine production. Current studies reveal significant benefits related to vitamins, including vitamin E, which can contribute to the control of dendritic cells' function and maturation. Furthermore, vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory role in the immune system. Metabolite of vitamin A which is called retinoic acid leads to T cells' differentiation to T helper 1 or T helper 17, so low levels of this vitamin exacerbate the menace of infectious diseases, and vitamin C has anti-oxidant effects on dendritic cells and modulate their activation and differentiation program. Additionally, the correlation between the amount of vitamin and the occurrence or progression of allergic diseases and autoimmunity disorders is discussed according to the results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghahramanipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Shiva Alipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Javad Masoumi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Arman Rostamlou
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of EGE, Izmir, 35040, Turkey
| | | | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Bahar Naseri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jafarlou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
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3
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Wei CH, Huang L, Kreh B, Liu X, Tyutyunyk-Massey L, Kawakami M, Chen Z, Shi M, Kozlov S, Chan KC, Andresson T, Carrington M, Vuligonda V, Sanders ME, Horowitz A, Hwu P, Peng W, Dmitrovsky E, Liu X. A novel retinoic acid receptor-γ agonist antagonizes immune checkpoint resistance in lung cancers by altering the tumor immune microenvironment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14907. [PMID: 37689790 PMCID: PMC10492813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) agonist, regulates cell growth, differentiation, immunity, and survival. We report that ATRA-treatment repressed cancer growth in syngeneic immunocompetent, but not immunodeficient mice. The tumor microenvironment was implicated: CD8+ T cell depletion antagonized ATRA's anti-tumorigenic effects in syngeneic mice. ATRA-treatment with checkpoint blockade did not cooperatively inhibit murine lung cancer growth. To augment ATRA's anti-tumorigenicity without promoting its pro-tumorigenic potential, an RARγ agonist (IRX4647) was used since it regulates T cell biology. Treating with IRX4647 in combination with an immune checkpoint (anti-PD-L1) inhibitor resulted in a statistically significant suppression of syngeneic 344SQ lung cancers in mice-a model known for its resistance to checkpoints and characterized by low basal T cell and PD-L1 expression. This combined treatment notably elevated CD4+ T-cell presence within the tumor microenvironment and increased IL-5 and IL-13 tumor levels, while simultaneously decreasing CD38 in the tumor stroma. IL-5 and/or IL-13 treatments increased CD4+ more than CD8+ T-cells in mice. IRX4647-treatment did not appreciably affect in vitro lung cancer growth, despite RARγ expression. Pharmacokinetic analysis found IRX4647 plasma half-life was 6 h in mice. Yet, RARα antagonist (IRX6696)-treatment with anti-PD-L1 did not repress syngeneic lung cancer growth. Together, these findings provide a rationale for a clinical trial investigating an RARγ agonist to augment check point blockade response in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsin Wei
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Blair Kreh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Liliya Tyutyunyk-Massey
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Masanori Kawakami
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Zibo Chen
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Mi Shi
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Serguei Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - King C Chan
- Protein Characterization Laboratory, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Mary Carrington
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Amir Horowitz
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ethan Dmitrovsky
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Xi Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, PO Box B, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA.
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4
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Inflammatory Cytokines That Enhance Antigen Responsiveness of Naïve CD8 + T Lymphocytes Modulate Chromatin Accessibility of Genes Impacted by Antigen Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214122. [PMID: 36430600 PMCID: PMC9698886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes exposed to certain inflammatory cytokines undergo proliferation and display increased sensitivity to antigens. Such 'cytokine priming' can promote the activation of potentially autoreactive and antitumor CD8+ T cells by weak tissue antigens and tumor antigens. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cytokine priming, naïve PMEL-1 TCR transgenic CD8+ T lymphocytes were stimulated with IL-15 and IL-21, and chromatin accessibility was assessed using the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC) sequencing. PMEL-1 cells stimulated by the cognate antigenic peptide mgp10025-33 served as controls. Cytokine-primed cells showed a limited number of opening and closing chromatin accessibility peaks compared to antigen-stimulated cells. However, the ATACseq peaks in cytokine-primed cells substantially overlapped with those of antigen-stimulated cells and mapped to several genes implicated in T cell signaling, activation, effector differentiation, negative regulation and exhaustion. Nonetheless, the expression of most of these genes was remarkably different between cytokine-primed and antigen-stimulated cells. In addition, cytokine priming impacted the expression of several genes following antigen stimulation in a synergistic or antagonistic manner. Our findings indicate that chromatin accessibility changes in cytokine-primed naïve CD8+ T cells not only underlie their increased antigen responsiveness but may also enhance their functional fitness by reducing exhaustion without compromising regulatory controls.
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5
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Huang Z, Liu Y, Qi G, Brand D, Zheng SG. Role of Vitamin A in the Immune System. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E258. [PMID: 30200565 PMCID: PMC6162863 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VitA) is a micronutrient that is crucial for maintaining vision, promoting growth and development, and protecting epithelium and mucus integrity in the body. VitA is known as an anti-inflammation vitamin because of its critical role in enhancing immune function. VitA is involved in the development of the immune system and plays regulatory roles in cellular immune responses and humoral immune processes. VitA has demonstrated a therapeutic effect in the treatment of various infectious diseases. To better understand the relationship between nutrition and the immune system, the authors review recent literature about VitA in immunity research and briefly introduce the clinical application of VitA in the treatment of several infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Huang
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guangying Qi
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - David Brand
- Research Service, VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center at Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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6
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Abdelhamid L, Luo XM. Retinoic Acid, Leaky Gut, and Autoimmune Diseases. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1016. [PMID: 30081517 PMCID: PMC6115935 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A leaky gut has been observed in a number of autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that lupus mice also bear a leaky gut and that the intestinal barrier function can be enhanced by gut colonization of probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp. Retinoic acid (RA) can increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut. Interestingly, RA has also been shown to strengthen the barrier function of epithelial cells in vitro and in the absence of probiotic bacteria. These reports bring up an interesting question of whether RA exerts protective effects on the intestinal barrier directly or through regulating the microbiota colonization. In this review, we will discuss the roles of RA in immunomodulation, recent literature on the involvement of a leaky gut in different autoimmune diseases, and how RA shapes the outcomes of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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7
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Characterization of the microtranscriptome of macrophages infected with virulent, attenuated and saprophyte strains of Leptospira spp. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006621. [PMID: 29979677 PMCID: PMC6051669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis, caused by Leptospira spp., that leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite considerable advances, much is yet to be discovered about disease pathogenicity. The influence of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly RNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of host immune response has been described following a variety of bacterial infections. The current study examined the microtranscriptome of macrophages J774A.1 following an 8h infection with virulent, attenuated and saprophyte strains of Leptospira. Microarray analysis revealed that 29 miRNAs were misregulated following leptospiral infection compared to control macrophages in a strain and virulence-specific manner. Pathway analysis for targets of these differentially expressed miRNAs suggests that several processes involved in immune response could be regulated by miRNAs. Our data provides the first evidence that host miRNAs are regulated by Leptospira infection in macrophages. A number of the identified miRNA targets participate in key immune response processes. We suggest that post-transcriptional regulation by miRNAs may play a role in host response to infection in leptospirosis. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, distributed worldwide, affecting millions of people each year, and leading to sixty thousand deaths per year. These bacteria are found in soil and water and are eliminated by the urine of rodents, their natural reservoir. Through skin contact, bacteria can be acquired, infecting the host. Infection process in leptospirosis is not completely understood and here we add another layer of disease regulation. Recent studies have shown that pathogens can modulate host response. Our current study examined the expression of microRNAs in murine macrophages following an 8h infection with virulent, attenuated and saprophyte strains of Leptospira. This study provides the first evidence that these post-transcriptional regulatory molecules, microRNAs, are modulated in macrophages in a species and virulence-specific manner, following infection with different strains of Leptospira spp. These microRNAs are involved in the regulation of inflammatory and antimicrobial responses in the host and could lead to the identification of biomarkers or therapeutic targets for this disease.
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8
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Larange A, Cheroutre H. Retinoic Acid and Retinoic Acid Receptors as Pleiotropic Modulators of the Immune System. Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 34:369-94. [PMID: 27168242 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A is a multifunctional vitamin implicated in a wide range of biological processes. Its control over the immune system and functions are perhaps the most pleiotropic not only for development but also for the functional fate of almost every cell involved in protective or regulatory adaptive or innate immunity. This is especially key at the intestinal border, where dietary vitamin A is first absorbed. Most effects of vitamin A are exerted by its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), which through ligation of nuclear receptors controls transcriptional expression of RA target genes. In addition to this canonical function, RA and RA receptors (RARs), either as ligand-receptor or separately, play extranuclear, nongenomic roles that greatly expand the multiple mechanisms employed for their numerous and paradoxical functions that ultimately link environmental sensing with immune cell fate. This review discusses RA and RARs and their complex roles in innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Larange
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037; ,
| | - Hilde Cheroutre
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037; ,
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9
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Kelley MD, Phomakay R, Lee M, Niedzwiedz V, Mayo R. Retinoic acid receptor gamma impacts cellular adhesion, Alpha5Beta1 integrin expression and proliferation in K562 cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178116. [PMID: 28552962 PMCID: PMC5446131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between cellular adhesion and proliferation is complex; however, integrins, particularly the α5β1 subset, play a pivotal role in orchestrating critical cellular signals that culminate in cellular adhesion and growth. Retinoids modify the expression of a variety of adhesive/proliferative signaling proteins including α5β1 integrins; however, the role of specific retinoic acid receptors involved in these processes has not been elucidated. In this study, the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists on K562 cellular adhesion, proliferation, and α5β1 integrin cell surface expression was investigated. RARγ agonist exposure increased K562 cellular adhesion to RGD containing extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin and FN-120 in a time- and concentration dependent manner, while RARα or RARβ agonist treatment had no effect on cellular adhesion. Due to the novel RARγ- dependent cellular adhesion response exhibited by K562 cells, we examined α5 and β1 integrin subunit expression when K562 cells were exposed to retinoid agonists or vehicle for 24, 48, 72 or 96 hours. Our data demonstrates no differences in K562 cell surface expression of the α5 integrin subunit when cells were exposed to RARα, RARβ, or RARγ agonists for all time points tested. In contrast, RARγ agonist exposure resulted in an increase in cell surface β1 integrin subunit expression within 48 hours that was sustained at 72 and 96 hours. Finally, we demonstrate that while exposure to RARα or RARβ agonists have no effect on K562 cellular proliferation, the RARγ agonist significantly dampens K562 cellular proliferation levels in a time- and concentration- dependent manner. Our study is the first to report that treatment with a RARγ specific agonist augments cellular adhesion to α5β1 integrin substrates, increases cell surface levels of the β1 integrin subunit, and dampens cellular proliferation in a time and concentration dependent manner in a human erythroleukemia cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Raynin Phomakay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Madison Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Victoria Niedzwiedz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Rachel Mayo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, United States of America
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10
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He B, Xing S, Chen C, Gao P, Teng L, Shan Q, Gullicksrud JA, Martin MD, Yu S, Harty JT, Badovinac VP, Tan K, Xue HH. CD8 + T Cells Utilize Highly Dynamic Enhancer Repertoires and Regulatory Circuitry in Response to Infections. Immunity 2016; 45:1341-1354. [PMID: 27986453 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of effector and memory CD8+ T cells is accompanied by extensive changes in the transcriptome and histone modifications at gene promoters; however, the enhancer repertoire and associated gene regulatory networks are poorly defined. Using histone mark chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing, we mapped the enhancer and super-enhancer landscapes in antigen-specific naive, differentiated effector, and central memory CD8+ T cells during LCMV infection. Epigenomics-based annotation revealed a highly dynamic repertoire of enhancers, which were inherited, de novo activated, decommissioned and re-activated during CD8+ T cell responses. We employed a computational algorithm to pair enhancers with target gene promoters. On average, each enhancer targeted three promoters and each promoter was regulated by two enhancers. By identifying enriched transcription factor motifs in enhancers, we defined transcriptional regulatory circuitry at each CD8+ T cell response stage. These multi-dimensional datasets provide a blueprint for delineating molecular mechanisms underlying functional differentiation of CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shaojun Xing
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Changya Chen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Li Teng
- Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92122, USA
| | - Qiang Shan
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jodi A Gullicksrud
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Matthew D Martin
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Shuyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China 100193
| | - John T Harty
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Vladimir P Badovinac
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kai Tan
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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11
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Bhattacharya N, Yuan R, Prestwood TR, Penny HL, DiMaio MA, Reticker-Flynn NE, Krois CR, Kenkel JA, Pham TD, Carmi Y, Tolentino L, Choi O, Hulett R, Wang J, Winer DA, Napoli JL, Engleman EG. Normalizing Microbiota-Induced Retinoic Acid Deficiency Stimulates Protective CD8(+) T Cell-Mediated Immunity in Colorectal Cancer. Immunity 2016; 45:641-655. [PMID: 27590114 PMCID: PMC5132405 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) is a key regulator of intestinal immunity, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. We found that mice with colitis-associated CRC had a marked deficiency in colonic atRA due to alterations in atRA metabolism mediated by microbiota-induced intestinal inflammation. Human ulcerative colitis (UC), UC-associated CRC, and sporadic CRC specimens have similar alterations in atRA metabolic enzymes, consistent with reduced colonic atRA. Inhibition of atRA signaling promoted tumorigenesis, whereas atRA supplementation reduced tumor burden. The benefit of atRA treatment was mediated by cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells, which were activated due to MHCI upregulation on tumor cells. Consistent with these findings, increased colonic expression of the atRA-catabolizing enzyme, CYP26A1, correlated with reduced frequencies of tumoral cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells and with worse disease prognosis in human CRC. These results reveal a mechanism by which microbiota drive colon carcinogenesis and highlight atRA metabolism as a therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Robert Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Tyler R Prestwood
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hweixian Leong Penny
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael A DiMaio
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nathan E Reticker-Flynn
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Charles R Krois
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Justin A Kenkel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Tho D Pham
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Yaron Carmi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Lorna Tolentino
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Okmi Choi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Reyna Hulett
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jinshan Wang
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel A Winer
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Joseph L Napoli
- Graduate Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine (Blood Center), 3373 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Guo Y, Brown C, Ortiz C, Noelle RJ. Leukocyte homing, fate, and function are controlled by retinoic acid. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:125-48. [PMID: 25540140 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although vitamin A was recognized as an "anti-infective vitamin" over 90 years ago, the mechanism of how vitamin A regulates immunity is only beginning to be understood. Early studies which focused on the immune responses in vitamin A-deficient (VAD) animals clearly demonstrated compromised immunity and consequently increased susceptibility to infectious disease. The active form of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), has been shown to have a profound impact on the homing and differentiation of leukocytes. Both pharmacological and genetic approaches have been applied to the understanding of how RA regulates the development and differentiation of various immune cell subsets, and how RA influences the development of immunity versus tolerance. These studies clearly show that RA profoundly impacts on cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. In this review, the early findings on the complex relationship between VAD and immunity are discussed as well as vitamin A metabolism and signaling within hematopoietic cells. Particular attention is focused on how RA impacts on T-cell lineage commitment and plasticity in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chrysothemis Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Morales RA, Campos-Mora M, Gajardo T, Pérez F, Campos J, Aguillón JC, Pino-Lagos K. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is triggered during allograft rejection and it drives Th1/Th17 cytokine production. Immunobiology 2015; 220:769-74. [PMID: 25592248 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A metabolite, has been attributed to relevant functions in adaptive immunity. On T cells, the disruption on RA signaling alters both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells effector function. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of RA synthesis during the immune response using an in vivo skin transplantation model. Our data indicates that the frequency and number of cells containing an active retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), a key enzyme for RA synthesis, is increased during skin transplant rejection. In addition, we found that the expression of the mRNA coding for the isoform RALDH2 is up-regulated on graft rejecting draining lymph nodes (dLNs) cells. Lastly, we observed that IFN-γ and IL-17 production by ex vivo re-stimulated dLNs cells is greatly increased during rejection, which it turns depends on RA synthesis, as shown in experiments using a specific RALDH inhibitor. Altogether, our data demonstrate that RA synthesis is incremented during the immune response against an allograft, and also indicates that the synthesis of RA is required for cytokine production by dLNs resident T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Morales
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Campos-Mora
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tania Gajardo
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Pérez
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Campos
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Aguillón
- Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile(1)
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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