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Batterham PJ, Gendi M, Christensen H, Calear AL, Shand F, Sunderland M, Borschmann R, Banfield M, O'Dea B, Larsen M, Heffernan C, Kazan D, Werner-Seidler A, Mackinnon AJ, Hielscher E, Han J, Boydell KM, Leach L, Farrer LM. Understanding suicidal transitions in Australian adults: protocol for the LifeTrack prospective longitudinal cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:821. [PMID: 37940886 PMCID: PMC10634090 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The factors that influence transition from suicidal ideation to a suicide attempt or remission of suicidal thoughts are poorly understood. Despite an abundance of research on risk factors for suicidal ideation, no large-scale longitudinal population-based studies have specifically recruited people with suicidal ideation to examine the mechanisms underlying critical transitions to either suicide attempt or recovery from suicidal ideation. Without longitudinal data on the psychological, behavioural, and social determinants of suicide attempt and the remission of suicidal ideation, we are unlikely to see major gains in the prevention of suicide. AIM The LifeTrack Project is a population-based longitudinal cohort study that aims to identify key modifiable risk and protective factors that predict the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt or remission of suicidal ideation. We will assess theory-informed risk and protective factors using validated and efficient measures to identify distinct trajectories reflecting changes in severity of suicidal ideation and transition to suicide attempt over three years. METHODS A three-year prospective population-based longitudinal cohort study will be conducted with adults from the general Australian population who initially report suicidal ideation (n = 842). Eligibility criteria include recent suicidal ideation (past 30 days), aged 18 years or older, living in Australia and fluent in English. Those with a suicide attempt in past 30 days or who are unable to participate in a long-term study will be excluded. Participants will be asked to complete online assessments related to psychopathology, cognition, psychological factors, social factors, mental health treatment use, and environmental exposures at baseline and every six months during this three-year period. One week of daily measurement bursts (ecological momentary assessments) at yearly intervals will also capture short-term fluctuations in suicidal ideation, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, capability for suicide, and distress. CONCLUSION This study is intended to identify potential targets for novel and tailored therapies for people experiencing suicidal ideation and improve targeting of suicide prevention programs. Even modest improvements in current treatments may lead to important reductions in suicide attempts and deaths. STUDY REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry identifier: ACTRN12623000433606.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Monica Gendi
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Helen Christensen
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alison L Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental health and Substance use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rohan Borschmann
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Michelle Banfield
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Bridianne O'Dea
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Larsen
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cassandra Heffernan
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Dominique Kazan
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Aliza Werner-Seidler
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Emily Hielscher
- The Council of the Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Flourish Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jin Han
- Center for Global Health Equity, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Katherine M Boydell
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Centre for Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liana Leach
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Louise M Farrer
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Patel EU, Astemborski J, Feder KA, Rudolph JE, Winiker A, Sosnowski DW, Kirk GD, Mehta SH, Genberg BL. Temporal association of pre-pandemic perceived social support with psychological resilience and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic among people with a history of injection drug use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109802. [PMID: 36774804 PMCID: PMC9908589 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on whether modifiable social factors foster psychological resilience and mental well-being among people who use drugs following Big Events. We examined the temporal association of pre-pandemic perceived social support with psychological resilience and negative mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among people with a history of injection drug use. METHODS Between June and September 2020, we conducted a telephone survey among 545 participants in the AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) study: a community-based cohort of adults with a history of injection drug use. Leveraging data from study visits in 2018-early 2020, associations of pre-pandemic perceived social support with psychological resilience scores (range=1-5) and the probability of negative mental health symptoms during the pandemic were assessed using multivariable linear and modified Poisson regression models, respectively. RESULTS Participants' median age was 58 years, 38.2% were female, 83.3% identified as Black, and 30.3% were living with HIV. During the pandemic, 14.5% had low (<3) resilience scores, 36.1% experienced anxiety, and 35.8% reported increased loneliness. Compared to participants in the lowest tertile of pre-pandemic social support, participants in the highest tertile had higher mean resilience scores (β = 0.27 [95% CI = 0.12, 0.43]), a lower probability of anxiety (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.71 [95% CI = 0.52, 0.96]), and a lower probability of increased loneliness (PR = 0.62 [95% CI = 0.45, 0.84]). CONCLUSIONS Pre-pandemic perceived social support was associated with greater psychological resilience and generally better mental well-being during the pandemic. Interventions that improve social support may foster psychological resilience and protect the mental well-being of people who use drugs, especially during periods of social disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshan U Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacquie Astemborski
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth A Feder
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacqueline E Rudolph
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abigail Winiker
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David W Sosnowski
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregory D Kirk
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shruti H Mehta
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Becky L Genberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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