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Atif M, Tewari N, Saji S, Srivastav S, Rahul M. Effectiveness of various methods of educating children and adolescents for the maintenance of oral health: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:229-245. [PMID: 37840214 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND School-based oral health education has emerged as one of the most effective methods to instill a positive attitude toward oral health in children. AIM This systematic review (SR) aimed to assess the effectiveness of different methods of oral health education in children and adolescents. DESIGN Systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and EMBASE on January 29, 2023. Review included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and their risk of bias (ROB) was assessed by Cochrane RoB-2. Data were extracted and analyzed by expert group. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence for each outcome. Every step was conducted in duplicate, and disagreements were resolved by consulting the third reviewer. RESULTS The SR included 10 RCTs with majority showing a high ROB. They included 12 methods with the commonest being the use of leaflets/flash cards. Most interventions were effective in improving oral hygiene, gingival health, and knowledge except conventional teaching methods, lecture by using PowerPoint by dentists, and e-learning interventions. The grade of evidence in the majority of outcomes was found to be low or very low. CONCLUSION Interventions using the interactive methods such as games, motivational-experiential learning, and audiovisual methods were found to be more effective than controls and other interventions. Variabilities in study methods and outcome variables must be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Atif
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seba Saji
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sukeshana Srivastav
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section of Orthodontics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morankar Rahul
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Shan Z, Liao C, Lu J, Yeung CPW, Li KY, Gu M, Chu CH, Yang Y. Improvement of parents' oral health knowledge by a school-based oral health promotion for parents of preschool children: a prospective observational study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:890. [PMID: 37985988 PMCID: PMC10662391 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of preschool children have inadequate oral health knowledge in Hong Kong. Parents play a critical role in preschool children's dietary patterns and oral health behaviors. A school-based oral health promotion (OHP) for parents of preschoolers was developed and investigated. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of the school-based OHP for parents of preschool children on parents' oral health knowledge and preschool children's early childhood caries (ECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a quasi-experimental study. Parents of preschool children were divided into the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG) according to their own selection. Parents in the IG participated in a structured school-based OHP workshop, while those in the CG did not attend the OHP workshop. Parents in both groups were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing their oral health knowledge before (T0), one month after (T1), and twelve months after (T2) the OHP workshop. Preschool children's caries was examined via dmft score at T0 and T2. RESULTS Parents' oral health knowledge was negatively correlated with preschool children's dmft scores (R = -0.200, P < 0.001). Oral health knowledge was significantly improved in IG (P < 0.001) but not in CG (P = 0.392) at T1. Both groups experienced a significant improvement in oral health knowledge from T0 to T2 (P < 0.001). Parents' oral health knowledge in the IG was significantly higher compared to the CG at T1 (P < 0.001), but difference in the scores at T2 between the two groups showed no significant difference (P = 0.727). No significant difference was found in changes in children's dmft score from T0 to T2 between the IG and CG (p = 0.545). CONCLUSION Preschool children's high ECC is associated with the limited oral health knowledge of their parents. The school-based OHP workshop for parents increased parents' oral health knowledge within one month. This positive effect was maintained for twelve months and can be extended to a larger scale in the school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Shan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chongshan Liao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- Taizhou Polytechnic College, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Kar Yan Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Gu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yan S, Luo S, Yang X, He L, Chen X, Que G. Effectiveness of online caries management platform in children's caries prevention: A randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1102503. [PMID: 36844857 PMCID: PMC9947237 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To construct an online caries management platform and evaluate its efficacy in children's caries prevention based on caries risk. Methods The study participants were second-grade pupils. The caries risk assessment tool (CAT) was used to grade caries risk for all participants, who were randomly divided into the experimental (114 pupils) and control (111 pupils) groups. The experimental group used the Internet for caries management, while the control group was managed by traditional lecturing in classroom. The caries status of each surface of the first permanent molars was recorded. The basic information and oral health knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of participants were collected by questionnaire. One year later, outcome data were collected. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to analyze the caries risk assessment items and oral health behaviors. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyze the decayed-missing-filled surfaces (DMFS) index, plaque index, and scores of oral health knowledge and attitude. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study was available on the website of Chinese Clinical Trials Register (No: MR-44-22-012947). Results After 1 year, the oral health knowledge score was improved by 20.58% (P < 0.001) in the experimental group and 6.02% in the control group. The plaque index was improved by 49.60% (P < 0.001) in the experimental group and 21.01% in the control group. The DMFS index increased in both groups but there were no significant differences (P = 0.608). The experimental group had a better improvement effect in caries risk assessment items than the control group, including "whether the frequency of eating sugary snacks or drinks between meals is more than 3 times/day" (P = 0.033) and the use of fluoridated toothpaste (P = 0.020). The experimental group was better than the control group in reported oral health behaviors, including frequency of eating sweets before sleep (P = 0.032), brushing time (P = 0.001), and the filled rate (proportion of FS in DMFS) of first permanent molars (P = 0.003). Conclusions The online caries management platform showed more advantages than traditional lecturing in improving oral health knowledge and behaviors (oral hygiene practice, sugar consumption behavior, and medical treatment behavior). This platform provides a reliable implementation path for the occurrence and continuous improvement of oral health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidan He
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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K RSK, Deshpande AP, Ankola AV, Sankeshwari RM, Jalihal S, Hampiholi V, Khot AJP, Hebbal M, Kotha SL, S LK. Effectiveness of a Visual Interactive Game on Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Practices, and Clinical Parameters among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121828. [PMID: 36553272 PMCID: PMC9776468 DOI: 10.3390/children9121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a novel interactive game-based visual performance technique (IGVP) and conventional oral health educational (OHE) talk on plaque control, gingival health, and oral hygiene knowledge and practices in 12−15-year-old schoolchildren. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was undertaken in a private primary school in Belagavi, Karnataka, India. A total of 100 children aged 12−15 years were randomly assigned to either a conventional OHE talk (control group, n = 50) or the IGVP technique (test group, n = 50), using a computer-generated table of random numbers. A self-designed, pre-validated closed-ended questionnaire was collected from both groups, followed by clinical examination carried out using gingival and plaque index, pre- and post-intervention, at three months follow-up. There was a significant reduction in the mean gingival score and plaque score in the test group after intervention, indicating a 58.7% and 63.4% reduction, when compared to the control group, which had a 2.8% and 0.7% reduction, respectively (p < 0.001). The test group showed a significant increase in the percentage of knowledge gained (22.4%), compared to control group (7.8%). The IGVP technique proved to be more effective than a conventional OHE talk in the reduction of the plaque score, gingival score, and in the improvement of the knowledge of oral hygiene maintenance and its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Surath Kumar K
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Apurva Prashant Deshpande
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil V. Ankola
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Roopali M. Sankeshwari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Sagar Jalihal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinuta Hampiholi
- Department of Periodontics, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Atrey J. Pai Khot
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Mamata Hebbal
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sree Lalita Kotha
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-11-8234922
| | - Lokesh Kumar S
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KAHER’s KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, JNMC Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
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Gurav KM, Shetty V, Vinay V, Bhor K, Jain C, Divekar P. Effectiveness of Oral Health Educational Methods among School Children Aged 5–16 Years in Improving their Oral Health Status: A Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:338-349. [PMID: 35991801 PMCID: PMC9357547 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health is an essential component of health throughout life. Two major oral diseases, dental caries and gingival conditions are prevalent in young population. School-based oral health education (OHE) programs with recognized technology and traditional lecturing could be strategic in promotion of oral health behavior in developed and developing countries. Aim The aim of the study is to summarize existing evidence in order to evaluate the effectiveness of OHE programs in school children aged 5–16 years in improving their oral health status. Methodology Clinical trials with school children between 5 and 16 years were included. Eligible studies were those which had outcomes as caries, plaque and gingival indices, and oral hygiene status. Articles published from 2010 to 2019 in English language from PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), and Google Scholar were searched. Forty-one articles were identified and relevance was determined by examining title and full article. Nine articles were included for qualitative synthesis and seven were eligible for meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane Handbook. A meta-analysis was done using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results After the meta-analysis results for cumulative mean difference was found as 0.05 (–0.17, 0.27), –0.37 (–0.74, 0.00), –0.20 (–0.33, –0.07), and –0.17 (–0.73, 0.38) for plaque status, Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), debris status, and dental caries, respectively showing a significant difference favoring the experimental group than traditional group. Conclusion Interventions given by various aids like lectures, albums, models, flipcharts, leaflets, E-programs, games, drawings, and presentations proved effective in improving oral hygiene status and dental caries, but no reduction in plaque levels and gingival inflammation as compared to oral health talk/counseling by dentists. How to cite this article Gurav KM, Shetty V, Vinay V, et al. Effectiveness of Oral Health Educational Methods among School Children Aged 5–16 Years in Improving their Oral Health Status: A Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(3):338-349.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashmira M Gurav
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Kashmira M Gurav, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +91 9665990630, e-mail:
| | - Vittaldas Shetty
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vineet Vinay
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketaki Bhor
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chirayu Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pallavi Divekar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Sousa KGD, Gavião MBD, Castelo PM, Huamani JRS, Freitas CND, Mialhe FL, Barbosa TDS. Effect of educational strategy combined with ART on oral health-related quality of life: a controlled clinical trial. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e136. [PMID: 34932665 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether complementing atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with oral health educational strategies (OHES) improves the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and clinical oral outcomes. A controlled clinical trial included 93 six- to eight-year-old students from five public schools of Piracicaba, Saltinho, and Charqueada municipalities (State of São Paulo, Brazil) divided into 3 groups (31 children each) which received: OHES (caries-free), ART (dental caries), and ART plus OHES (dental caries). OHRQoL (CPQ8-10-ISF:16), dental caries, biofilm control, and gingivitis were assessed before and 1 month after interventions by one calibrated examiner. OHES consisted of an educational interactive activity performed once a week for four weeks. Data were analyzed using mixed model ANOVA, Chi-square, and Sign tests. After 1 month of follow-up, improvement in gingivitis status, OHRQoL total score, and Functional Limitations, Emotional Well-Being and Social Well-Being domains scores were found in all groups (p < 0.05). The improvement in biofilm control was observed only in the OHES group (p < 0.001; power = 0.98), while a decrease in Oral Symptoms scores was observed only in ART+OHES group (p <0.001; power = 0.99) and a significant change in the perception of oral health was observed in the two groups that received ART (p < 0.05). In conclusion, improvement in overall OHRQoL and oral status was observed in all children, although the effect of including health educational strategies in the treatment plan was determinant for the perception of an improved oral health after restorative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Guedes de Sousa
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Unifesp, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Juana Rosmeri Salas Huamani
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Nobre de Freitas
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz Mialhe
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Taís de Souza Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Department of Dentistry, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
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Bramantoro T, Santoso CMA, Hariyani N, Setyowati D, Zulfiana AA, Nor NAM, Nagy A, Pratamawari DNP, Irmalia WR. Effectiveness of the school-based oral health promotion programmes from preschool to high school: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256007. [PMID: 34379685 PMCID: PMC8357156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schools offer an opportunity for oral health promotion in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the influence of school-based oral health promotion programmes on oral health knowledge (OHK), behaviours (OHB), attitude (OHA), status (OHS), and quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic search on the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify eligible studies. The last search was done on April 24th, 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools. RESULTS Of the 997 articles identified, 31 articles were included in this review. Seven studies targeted students in preschools, seventeen in elementary schools, and seven in high schools. Most of these studies revealed positive outcomes. Some studies showed that the school-based oral health promotion programmes showed better OHK, OHB, OHS, and OHRQoL. CONCLUSION Positive results were obtained through oral health promotion programmes in schools, especially those involving children, teachers, and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufan Bramantoro
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Dental and Oral Health Committee, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Ninuk Hariyani
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dini Setyowati
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Amalia Ayu Zulfiana
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nor Azlida Mohd Nor
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Attila Nagy
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Pehere NK, Yadavalli S. Using street plays as a populist way to spread eye health awareness: An experience. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:1298-1302. [PMID: 33913882 PMCID: PMC8186602 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1468_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Street plays are a popular traditional medium of communication and entertainment in India. The objective of this paper is to communicate our experience about using street plays to raise awareness about children's eye health in a South Indian setting. Based on our experience of the prevailing misconceptions about children's eye health in our community, we selected some topics and prepared a blueprint of the scripts. We hired professional troupes who further refined these scripts into traditional street play scenarios by adding traditional songs, humor, and dialogues in the local dialect, leaving adequate room for improvisation during actual play. After a few rehearsals, we finalized the actual plays. Then, these were enacted in different parts of the city on different occasions, over a span of 3 years. In this descriptive paper, we share our experience of this exercise so that others may try and replicate this initiative in their areas. We found that the street plays were well attended by the people indicating the popularity of this medium in local communities. At the end of the street plays, a sample audience was interviewed about what they understood from the sessions, and most of them could reproduce the key messages. We found that instead of training our own staff, hiring a professional troupe was a more practical choice. Overall, it was a fruitful exercise in terms of the number of people that our plays reached out to effectively. Thus street play is an effective and popular means of disseminating eye health messages in our communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan K Pehere
- Department of Ophthalmology, Head, Liberia Eye Center, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute Liberia Inc, John F. Kennedy Memorial Medical Center, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Sreedevi Yadavalli
- Department of Communications, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L. V. Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
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Akkaya DD, Sezici E. Teaching Preschool Children Correct Toothbrushing Habits Through Playful Learning Interventions: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 56:e70-e76. [PMID: 32811701 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of playful learning interventions (with toys, visual and auditory sources) on appropriate toothbrushing behaviors and the amount of accumulated plaque in preschool children. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was carried out as a parallel-group, randomized and controlled study during the period October-December 2018, with 100 preschool children. The preschool students were randomly assigned to an intervention and a control group. The children in the intervention group were given instructions on how to brush their teeth while the children in the control group were not given any instruction outside of what they had learned in preschool. The playful learning interventions that were carried out consisted of three rounds of meetings designed to educate the children about adopting appropriate toothbrushing behaviors. RESULTS The study groups were well matched at baseline (p = .537) and the intervention group showed statistically significant improvements in toothbrushing (p = .001) and plaque control (p = .001) following the intervention in comparison to the controls. Additionally, while the amount of plaque decreased in the children in the intervention group (p = .001), plaque increased in the control group after the intervention (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that after the playful learning interventions carried out with the preschool children, appropriate toothbrushing behaviors were acquired and there was a decrease in the amount of plaque. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Nurses who work with preschool children could use toys and songs as effective and entertaining nursing interventions for developing correct toothbrushing behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Done Akkaya
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Turkey.
| | - Emel Sezici
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Turkey.
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GeethaPriya PR, Asokan S, Kandaswamy D, Shyam S. Impact of different modes of school dental health education on oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practice behaviour: an interventional study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:347-354. [PMID: 31734931 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of three modes of school dental health education (SDHE) on the oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) behaviour of school children. METHODS An interventional study was carried out among 8-9 year old school children from January 2016 to January 2018. Three hundred and sixty children from three schools in Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India participated in this study. Each school was randomly allotted with a mode (drama, modified snake and ladder game, flashcard) of SDHE, which was delivered for 20 min, every 6 months for 2 years. A validated questionnaire with 18 questions was used to record oral health-related KAP behaviour at baseline and after 2 years. RESULTS At the end of 2 years, there was an increase in the percentage of correct response for all the nine knowledge questions, in all the three modes. The mean difference in the cumulative knowledge score between baseline and 2 years was 1.39 ± 2.05 for drama mode, 1.8 ± 1.51 for game mode and 1.7 ± 1.5 for flashcard mode of SDHE. There was a significant difference in three knowledge questions and one attitude practice behaviour question between the three groups at the end of 2 years. CONCLUSIONS All the three modes were effective in improving the oral health-related KAP behaviour of school children. Game mode made a better impact on the knowledge scores of these children, and it was observed to be more child-friendly and entertaining.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R GeethaPriya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, 637215, India.
| | - S Asokan
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, 637215, India
| | - D Kandaswamy
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - S Shyam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sigaud CHDS, Santos BRD, Costa P, Toriyama ATM. Promoting oral care in the preschool child: effects of a playful learning intervention. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 70:519-525. [PMID: 28562799 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the number of appropriate behaviors for tooth brushing before and after a playful learning intervention with preschool children. Method A quasi-experimental, quantitative, before and after study design was conducted in an early childhood educational institution, with children between three and five years of age. The intervention consisted of three meetings with educational activities about tooth brushing, whose outcome was evaluated by means of observation of ten behaviors suitable for tooth brushing. Results Forty-four children participated in the study. The mean of adequate behaviors was 4.4 before the intervention, and 8.5 after the intervention. A significant increase in the adoption of appropriate behaviors for tooth brushing (p <0.01) was identified. Conclusion Nurses can enhance oral health promotion actions with preschoolers in preschool institution using playful learning interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Universidade de São Paulo, School of Nursing, Postgraduate Program in Primary Care and Family Health. São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Costa
- Universidade de São Paulo, School of Nursing. São Paulo, Brazil
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Kumar Y, Asokan S, John B, Gopalan T. Effect of Conventional and Game-based Teaching on Oral Health Status of Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015; 8:123-6. [PMID: 26379380 PMCID: PMC4562045 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the effectiveness of conventional and game-based teaching on the level of knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene among 7 to 10-year-old school children. Materials and methods: A total of 60 children aged 8 to 10 years were randomly divided into two groups: groups A and B. The intervention was started after the pretest evaluation of their knowledge regarding oral health and estimation of Debris Index-simplified (DI-S). Children in group A were given oral health education through flash cards once daily for 7 days. Children in group B were educated through the play-way method, i.e. connect the dots game combined with flash cards. The evaluations, regarding oral hygiene and DI-S were recorded on the 8th day after intervention. A follow-up score was also recorded after 1 and 3 months. Statistical analysis was done using paired t-test and Chi-square test. Results: There was significant increase in oral hygiene scores and decrease in debris scores compared to baseline in both groups at 1 week and 1 month. At 3 months interval, both groups showed a decrease in oral hygiene scores from baseline with group B showing highly significant reduction. The mean increase in knowledge score was also significantly better in group B (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The connect the dots game that includes oral health guidelines including good dental hygiene and dietary habits can thus be an effective intervention aid for teaching the basic oral health concepts among school going children. How to cite this article: Kumar Y, Asokan S, John B, Gopalan T. Effect of Conventional and Game-based Teaching on Oral Health Status of Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(2):123-126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharath Asokan
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baby John
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiruvenkadam Gopalan
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
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