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Campbell LM, Montoya JL, Fazeli PL, Marquine MJ, Ellis RJ, Jeste DV, Moore DJ, Moore RC. Association Between VACS Index and Health-Related Quality of Life in Persons with HIV: Moderating Role of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:356-365. [PMID: 35534722 PMCID: PMC9643666 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health status of people with HIV (PWH) influences their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Modifiable lifestyle factors may improve HRQOL. This study (1) explores the association between modifiable lifestyle factors (physical activity and nutrition) and HRQOL and (2) examines if these lifestyle factors moderate the association health status and HRQOL. METHODS Participants included 91 community dwelling PWH (age 36-65 years) from the university lab. Participants reported mental and physical HRQOL via the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form (SF-36). Physical activity was examined via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and nutrition (i.e., fruit and vegetable consumption) was assessed with the By-Meal Screener. Health status was ascertained via the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index. RESULTS Aim 1 analyses indicated that neither physical activity nor nutrition was related to mental HRQOL (p's > .05). However, greater physical activity (β = .33, p < .01) and nutrition (β = .23, p = .03) were each independently related to better physical HRQOL and remained significant after accounting for co-occurring medical conditions. For aim 2, the interaction between health status and nutrition was statistically significant (β = .24, p = .02), such that the association between worse health status and worse physical HRQOL was weaker with better nutrition. There was not a statistically significant interaction between physical activity and health status on physical HRQOL (p > .05). CONCLUSION Physical HRQOL is related to self-reported physical activity and nutrition, with nutrition showing a moderating effect on the association between health status and physical HRQOL. Thus, future interventional studies designed to improve physical HRQOL should target both physical activity and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Campbell
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Jessica L Montoya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Pariya L Fazeli
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Maria J Marquine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Dilip V Jeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research On Aging, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David J Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), San Diego, CA, 92103, USA.
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Basu-Ray I, Metri K, Khanra D, Revankar R, Chinnaiyan KM, Raghuram N, Mishra MC, Patwardhan B, Sharma M, Basavaraddi IV, Anand A, Reddy S, Deepak KK, Levy M, Theus S, Levine GN, Cramer H, Fricchione GL, Hongasandra NR. A narrative review on yoga: a potential intervention for augmenting immunomodulation and mental health in COVID-19. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:191. [PMID: 35850685 PMCID: PMC9289356 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03666-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant mortality rate of 3–5%. The principal causes of multiorgan failure and death are cytokine release syndrome and immune dysfunction. Stress, anxiety, and depression has been aggravated by the pandemic and its resultant restrictions in day-to-day life which may contribute to immune dysregulation. Thus, immunity strengthening and the prevention of cytokine release syndrome are important for preventing and minimizing mortality in COVID-19 patients. However, despite a few specific remedies that now exist for the SARS-CoV-2virus, the principal modes of prevention include vaccination, masking, and holistic healing methods, such as yoga. Currently, extensive research is being conducted to better understand the neuroendocrinoimmunological mechanisms by which yoga alleviates stress and inflammation. This review article explores the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating potentials of yoga, along with its role in reducing risk for immune dysfunction and impaired mental health. Methods We conducted this narrative review from published literature in MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE databases. Screening was performed for titles and abstracts by two independent review authors; potentially eligible citations were retrieved for full-text review. References of included articles and articles of major non-indexed peer reviewed journals were searched for relevance by two independent review authors. A third review author checked the excluded records. All disagreements were resolved through discussion amongst review authors or through adjudication by a fourth review author. Abstracts, editorials, conference proceedings and clinical trial registrations were excluded. Observations Yoga is a nonpharmacological, cost-effective, and safe intervention associated with several health benefits. Originating in ancient India, this vast discipline consists of postures (asanas), breathing techniques (pranayama), meditation (dhyana/dharana), and relaxation. Studies have demonstrated yoga’s ability to bolster innate immunity and to inhibit cytokine release syndrome. As an intervention, yoga has been shown to improve mental health, as it alleviates anxiety, depression, and stress and enhances mindfulness, self-control, and self-regulation. Yoga has been correlated with numerous cardioprotective effects, which also may play a role in COVID-19 by preventing lung and cardiac injury. Conclusion and relevance This review paves the path for further research on yoga as a potential intervention for enhancing innate immunity and mental health and thus its role in prevention and adjunctive treatment in COVID-19.
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Porter N, Jason LA. Mindfulness Meditation Interventions for Long COVID: Biobehavioral Gene Expression and Neuroimmune Functioning. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2599-2626. [PMID: 36387947 PMCID: PMC9653042 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s379653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Some individuals infected with SARS CoV-2 have developed Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PASC) or what has been referred to as Long COVID. Efforts are underway to find effective treatment strategies for those with Long COVID. One possible approach involves alternative medical interventions, which have been widely used to treat and manage symptoms of a variety of medical problems including post-viral infections. Meditation has been found to reduce fatigue and unrefreshing sleep, and for those with post-viral infections, it has enhanced immunity, and reduced inflammatory-driven pathogenesis. Our article summarizes the literature on what is known about mindfulness meditation interventions, and reviews evidence on how it may apply to those with Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). Evidence is reviewed suggesting effective and sustainable outcomes may be achieved for symptomatology and underlying pathology of post-viral fatigue (PASC and ME/CFS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Porter
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leonard A Jason
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Terapias complementares para manejo de ansiedade em pessoas com HIV: revisão sistemática. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ar0002407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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5
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Sarwal R, Dhamija RK, Jain K, Basavaraddi IV. Efficacy of Pranayama in Preventing COVID-19 in Exposed Healthcare Professionals: A Quasi-Randomized Clinical Trial. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 14:100586. [PMID: 35541985 PMCID: PMC9072812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global outbreak of COVID-19 has created a challenging situation, especially for the frontline Health Care Professionals (HCPs), who are routinely exposed and thus are at a higher risk of infection. Pranayama, a component of Yoga, is known to improve immune function and reduce infection. However, no clinical trial on the efficacy of Pranayama in preventing COVID-19 has yet been conducted. Aim & Objective This quasi-randomized clinical trial assessed the efficacy of Pranayama in preventing COVID-19 infection in HCPs routinely exposed to COVID-19. Methodology The study was conducted at 5 different COVID-19 hospitals, India in year 2020. The inclusion criteria were being an HCP exposed to COVID-19 patients and being negative on antibody tests. 280 HCPs were recruited sequential and assigned to intervention and control groups. Of these, 250 HCPs completed the study. The intervention was twice daily practice, for 28 days, of specially designed Pranayama modules under the online supervision of Yoga instructors. The HCPs in the control group were advised to continue their normal daily routine, but no pranayama sessions. Participants who developed symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 were subjected to Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) or Point of Care Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) for confirmation of the diagnosis. All the participants were tested for antibodies to COVID-19 on 28th day of the intervention to detect any asymptomatic infection. Results The intervention (123) and control (127) groups had comparable demographics and baseline characteristics. At end of 28 days of intervention, nine participants in the control group and one in the intervention group developed COVID-19 (P-value: 0.01, Odds Ratio: 0.107, 95% CI: 0.86; Risk Ratio: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.89). Conclusion The intervention of twice daily practice of the Pranayama module for 28 days in HCPs might have made a noteworthy contribution and may have helped in preventing COVID-19 infection. CTRI Number CTRI/2020/07/026667.
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6
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The effect of mindfulness-based interventions on immunity-related biomarkers: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev 2022; 92:102124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Biman S, Maharana S, Metri KG, Nagaratna R. Effects of yoga on stress, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and the quality of life among employees of diamond industry: A new approach in employee wellness. Work 2021; 70:521-529. [PMID: 34633352 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diamond industry employees often experience musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and stress, contributing to a low quality of life (QoL). Yoga is an ancient discipline of mind-body practice Yoga has numerous health benefits. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the efficacy of workplace yoga in improving stress, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and QoL among employees of the diamond industry. METHODS One-hundred sixty-six employees of the diamond industry between the ages of 20 and 60 participated in the study. Participants were assigned to either yoga (n = 84) or waitlist (n = 82) groups. The yoga group received one hour of yoga, four days a week for three consecutive months. Participants in the waitlist group followed their daily routines. Musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, stress, and QoL were assessed at baseline and after three months. RESULTS One-hundred fifty-five employees completed the study. The yoga group showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in pain, perceived stress, fatigue, and QoL domains after three months compared to baseline. The waitlist group showed no significant improvement in any of the measures. In the post scores comparison between the groups revealed a significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION Workplace yoga found to be a useful, cost-effective and feasible intervention in improving stress, musculoskeletal pain, fatigues and quality of life among employees of the diamond industry. Yoga may be implemented in the workplace as a wellness program at the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kashinath G Metri
- Department of Yoga, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
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8
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Umesh C, Ramakrishna KK, Jasti N, Bhargav H, Varambally S. Role of Ayurveda and Yoga-Based lifestyle in the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Narrative Review. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 13:100493. [PMID: 34305355 PMCID: PMC8286865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an immense challenge to health care systems around the globe in terms of limited health care facilities and proven medical therapeutics to address the symptoms of the infection. The current health care strategies have primarily focused on either the pathogen on the environmental factors. However, efforts towards strengthening the host immunity are important from public health perspective to prevent the spread of infection and downregulate the potency of the agent. While a vaccine can induce specific immunity in the host, non-specific ways of improving overall host immunity are the need. This scenario has paved the way for the use of traditional Indian therapies such as Ayurveda and Yoga. This review aims at collating available evidence on Ayurveda, Yoga and COVID-19. Further, it draws inferences from recent studies on Yoga and Ayurveda on immunity, respiratory health and mental health respectively to approximate its probable role in prophylaxis and as an add-on management option for the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikkanna Umesh
- Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Nishitha Jasti
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Hemant Bhargav
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Shivarama Varambally
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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9
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Mishra A, Bentur SA, Thakral S, Garg R, Duggal B. The use of integrative therapy based on Yoga and Ayurveda in the treatment of a high-risk case of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 with multiple comorbidities: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:95. [PMID: 33627186 PMCID: PMC7903378 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We report a high-risk case of a coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)-positive patient with comorbidities including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hypothyroidism and chronic kidney disease (CKD), treated successfully using an integrative therapy plan based on Ayurveda and Yoga, along with government-mandated compulsory modern western medicine (MWM) treatment. Recently, some evidence has been emerging on the use of Ayurveda for treatment of COVID-19. The classical texts of Ayurvedic medicine such as Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita contain descriptions of pandemics of similar proportions and describe them as Janapadoddhvansa, meaning the destruction of communities, along with their causes and treatment. Case presentation The case reported herein is a 55-year-old man from Delhi, India, with confirmed (tested) COVID-19, who first took MWM for 7 days before seeking integrative therapy. The patient has comorbidities including DM, HTN, hypothyroidism and CKD and had developed symptoms including fever (which was resolved by the time integrative therapy was started), sore throat, dry cough, body aches, weakness, bad taste and smell, and heaviness in the abdomen. Based on the patient’s symptoms and comorbidities, a treatment plan including Ayurvedic medicines, Yoga protocol, dietary recommendations and lifestyle modifications was prescribed by a registered Ayurveda doctor and a Yoga consultant. The patient started experiencing improvement in all the symptoms within 2 days after starting the treatment; he reported approximately \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$75\%$$\end{document}75% relief from the symptoms after 5 days, and almost complete relief within 9 days. Also, the blood sugar levels (both fasting blood sugar [FBS] and postprandial blood sugar [PPBS]) exhibited significant improvement after 5 days, and decreased to within the normal range within 12 days. Besides relief in symptoms, the patient’s real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test done on the 19th day returned negative results. Conclusions Integrative therapy was found to be effective in mitigating the symptoms of COVID-19 in this patient with multiple comorbidities. Moreover, a significant improvement in blood sugar levels (not under control with modern medicine) was also achieved. Integrative therapy based on the classical texts of Ayurveda and Yoga may offer a promising and scalable treatment option for COVID-19 patients. A case series or a suitably designed randomized controlled trial is needed to assess its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Mishra
- Department of Ayurveda and Holistic Health, Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India
| | | | - Sonika Thakral
- Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. .,National Resource Center for Value Education in Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Rahul Garg
- National Resource Center for Value Education in Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.,Amar Nath and Shashi Khosla School of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Bhanu Duggal
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
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10
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Srivastava R, Khanna P, Anand A. Digital Yoga Interventions in Social Distancing Era. Ann Neurosci 2021; 28:11-12. [PMID: 34733049 PMCID: PMC8558986 DOI: 10.1177/0972753120945165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine and School
of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,
India
| | - Poonam Khanna
- Department of Community Medicine and School
of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,
India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department
of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh,
India
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11
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Jiang T, Hou J, Sun R, Dai L, Wang W, Wu H, Zhang T, Su B. Immunological and Psychological Efficacy of Meditation/Yoga Intervention Among People Living With HIV (PLWH): A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of 19 Randomized Controlled Trials. Ann Behav Med 2020; 55:505-519. [PMID: 33119732 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An expanding number of mind-body therapies are being used to reduce the psychological burden of peoples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the effects on the immune system and mental health varied among studies. PURPOSE This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the randomized controlled trials to draw comprehensive conclusions regarding the psycho-immunological efficacy. METHODS Random-effects models were used to assess the outcome of interest. Egger's tests were used to identify publication bias. Subgroup and meta-regression were used to explore potential moderators. This review was registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148118). RESULTS Nineteen randomized controlled trials with a total sample size of 1,300 were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding immune system outcome, mind-body therapy significantly improved CD4 T-cell counts (Cohen's d = 0.214, p = .027) and maintained (0.427, p = .049). In addition, baseline CD4 T-cell counts and years since HIV diagnosis significantly moderated the efficacy of mind-body practices on CD4 improvement (all ps < .001). Regarding mental health outcome, mind-body therapy significantly reduced stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms (0.422, p < .001; 0.506, p < .001, and 0.709, p < .001, respectively) while improving quality of life (0.67, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Meditation/yoga intervention could result in potential benefits with regard to improved CD4 T-cell counts immediately after the intervention and at long-term follow-up, while also improving their mental health. The cost-effective meditation/yoga intervention should be integrated into routine care for people living with HIV, especially for those with lower CD4 baseline and fewer years since diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyi Jiang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Runsong Sun
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, School of Sociology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
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12
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Sharma K, Anand A, Kumar R. The role of Yoga in working from home during the COVID-19 global lockdown. Work 2020; 66:731-737. [PMID: 32925134 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has become a major cause of stress and anxiety worldwide. Due to the global lockdown, work, employment, businesses and the economic climate have been severely affected. It has generated stress among people from all sections of society, especially to workers who have been assigned to cater to healthcare service or those constrained to secure daily essential items. It is widely perceived that elderly or those affected by diabetes, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases are prone to COVID-19. As per an ongoing survey, the initial data shows that the above-mentioned anxiety and stress cause insomnia, and has the considerable potential to weaken the immune system, the sole protection against the virus. OBJECTIVE This study focuses on the need of Yoga practice at work places and at home during the global lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Literature was searched using PubMed and Google Scholar for COVID-19-related stress and anxiety at work and society due to the worldwide lockdown. The predisposing comorbidities, viral mechanism of action and treatment regimen were also searched. Yoga-based intervention studies and online programs were also searched. RESULTS As the lockdown cannot last forever and workplaces will have to be functional soon, there is an increased possibility of recurrent infection. Therefore, Yoga can provide the necessary tool for risk reduction, amelioration of stress and anxiety and strengthening of the immune function. The online platforms provide a good media for Yoga training at work places and homes. CONCLUSION Due to social distancing norms, the availability of Yoga trainers has become restricted. Yoga practice is actively sought to achieve reduced anxiety and stress so that improved sleep may positively impact immunity. As a consequence, there is a spurt in social media, catering to daily online Yoga sessions which apparently prove useful in providing accessible means to achieve mental as well as physical well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Sharma
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of English and Cultural Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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13
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Era of Covid-19 Pandemic: Yoga contemplation and medical mystery. TURKISH JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.31459/turkjkin.745955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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14
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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Cardiovascular Parameters for People Living With HIV: A Meta-analysis. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2020; 30:186-205. [PMID: 30822291 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) have limited exercise capacity because of anemia, neuromuscular disorders, and pulmonary limitations. We used a meta-analysis to examine the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise alone and in combination on cardiovascular parameters. Subgroup meta-analyses were conducted and long-term effects of exercise were investigated. A systematic literature search was conducted up to July/August 2017. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database-scale was used to rate quality and assess the risk of bias on the papers. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated to assess the effect of exercise. Posttreatment comparison between the exercise and control groups revealed moderate and large effect sizes in favor of the intervention group for VO2max (SMD = 0.66, p < .0001) and the 6-minute walk test (SMD = 1.11, p = .0001). Exercise had a positive effect on cardiovascular parameters in PLWH. Exercise can be a prevention factor for PLWH dealing with multiple comorbidities.
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Effect of Structured Physical Activity on Inflammation and Immune Activation Profile of Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced Children Living With HIV. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2020; 32:73-80. [PMID: 31881531 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2019-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the markers of inflammation and immune activation in virally suppressed HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy, who practiced regular structured exercise comprising running and yoga to those who did not over a 2-year period. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 72 children aged 8 to 16 years divided into 2 groups, exercisers (n = 36) and the nonexercisers (n = 36) based on their intentional physical activity. The analyses were carried out at baseline and after 2 years (Y2) for the soluble biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interferon gamma, sCD14, and sCD163). In addition, cell-associated biomarker (CD38), lipopolysaccharides, and the gene expression of interleukin-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were also measured at Y2. RESULTS Reduction in levels of sCD14 (effect size [ES], -0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.08 to -0.14), tumor necrosis factor alpha (ES, -0.7; 95% CI, -1.18 to -0.23), interferon gamma (ES, -0.7; 95% CI, -1.17 to -0.22), and interleukin-10 (ES, -0.6; 95% CI, -1.08 to -0.14) was observed among exercisers as compared with nonexercisers at Y2. In addition, CD38+ expressing CD4+ T cells were found to be lower among exercisers (P = .01) at Y2. However, the differences in levels of interleukin-6, sCD163, lipopolysaccharides, interleukin-2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were not significantly different among the 2 groups. CONCLUSION The study result suggests that regular structured physical activity improves the inflammatory profile of antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-infected children.
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Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR, Majumdar V. A Perspective on Yoga as a Preventive Strategy for Coronavirus Disease 2019. Int J Yoga 2020; 13:89-98. [PMID: 32669762 PMCID: PMC7336943 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_22_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 has led to profound public health crisis. In particular, individuals with preexisting conditions of heart disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular diseases and the elderly are most vulnerable to succumb to this infection. The current COVID-19 emergency calls for rapid development of potential prevention and management strategies against this virus-mediated disease. There is a plethora of evidence that supports the add-on benefits of yoga in stress management, as well as prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases. There are some studies on the effect of yoga in communicable diseases as well but very few for acute conditions and almost none for the rapidly spreading infections resulting in pandemics. Based on the available scientific evidences on yoga in improving respiratory and immune functions, we have formulated very simple doable integrated yoga modules in the form of videos to be practiced for prevention of the disease by children, adults, and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nagarathna
- Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - H R Nagendra
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Majumdar
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Nagendra HR. Yoga for COVID-19. Int J Yoga 2020; 13:87-88. [PMID: 32669761 PMCID: PMC7336947 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_27_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H R Nagendra
- Editor-In-Chief, International Journal of Yoga, Chancellor, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandha Samsthana, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India E-mail:
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Quigley A, Brouillette MJ, Gahagan J, O’Brien KK, MacKay-Lyons M. Feasibility and Impact of a Yoga Intervention on Cognition, Physical Function, Physical Activity, and Affective Outcomes among People Living with HIV: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2020; 19:2325958220935698. [PMID: 32583707 PMCID: PMC7318828 DOI: 10.1177/2325958220935698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to assess the feasibility and impact of a triweekly 12-week yoga intervention among people living with HIV (PLWH). Additional objectives included evaluating cognition, physical function, medication adherence, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and mental health among yoga participants versus controls using blinded assessors. We recruited 22 medically stable PLWH aged ≥35 years. A priori feasibility criteria were ≥70% yoga session attendance and ≥70% of participants satisfied with the intervention using a postparticipation questionnaire. Two participants withdrew from the yoga group. Mean yoga class attendance was 82%, with 100% satisfaction. Intention-to-treat analyses (yoga n = 11, control n = 11) showed no within- or between-group differences in cognitive and physical function. The yoga group improved over time in HRQoL cognition (P = .047) with trends toward improvements in HRQoL health transition (P =.063) and depression (P = .055). This pilot study provides preliminary evidence of feasibility and benefits of yoga for PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Quigley
- Department of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Gahagan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kelly Kathleen O’Brien
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marilyn MacKay-Lyons
- Department of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Canada
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Effects of Exercise on the Immune Function, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in HIV/AIDS Individuals. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1228:411-421. [PMID: 32342474 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is a common type of planned physical activity in order to enhance or maintain a person's physical fitness. Physical exercise may act as an effective strategy to take control of certain conditions associated with HIV-1 infection. HIV infection and its related treatments not only affect the immune system but also cause several musculoskeletal disorders including pre-sarcopenia or sarcopenia, myalgia, and low bone mineral density. Moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise, progressive resistance exercise, or a combination of both is considered as a complementary part of medical care and treatment of HIV-infected individuals. In the present chapter, the results of recent investigations regarding the effects of physical activity on muscle strength and function, mental health, and immune system of HIV infected individuals will be discussed.
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20
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Heissel A, Zech P, Rapp MA, Schuch FB, Lawrence JB, Kangas M, Heinzel S. Effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in persons living with HIV: A meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2019; 126:109823. [PMID: 31518734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in people living with HIV (PLWH), and to evaluate, through subgroup analysis, the effects of exercise type, frequency, supervision by exercise professionals, study quality, and control group conditions on these outcomes. METHOD A literature search was conducted through four electronic databases from inception to February 2019. Considered for inclusion were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating exercise interventions and depression or anxiety as outcomes in people living with HIV (≥ 18 years of age). Ten studies were included (n = 479 participants, 49.67% females at baseline), and the standardized mean difference (SMD) and heterogeneity were calculated using random-effect models. An additional pre-post meta-analysis was also conducted. RESULTS A large effect in favor of exercise when compared to controls was found for depression (SMD = -0.84, 95%CI = [-1.57, -0.11], p = 0.02) and anxiety (SMD = -1.23, 95%CI = [-2.42, -0.04], p = 0.04). Subgroup analyses for depression revealed large effects on depression for aerobic exercise only (SMD = -0.96, 95%CI = [-1.63, -0.30], p = 0.004), a frequency of ≥3 exercise sessions per week (SMD = -1.39, 95%CI = [-2.24, -0.54], p < 0.001), professionally supervised exercise (SMD = -1.40, 95%CI = [-2.46, -0.17], p = 0.03]), and high-quality studies (SMD = -1.31, 95%CI = [-2.46, -0.17], p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Exercise seems to decrease depressive symptoms and anxiety in PLWH, but other larger and high-quality studies are needed to verify these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heissel
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Philipp Zech
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael A Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Departamento de métodos e técnicas desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jimmy B Lawrence
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maria Kangas
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephan Heinzel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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21
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Quigley A, O'Brien KK, Brouillette MJ, MacKay-Lyons M. Evaluating the Feasibility and Impact of a Yoga Intervention on Cognition, Physical Function, Physical Activity, and Affective Outcomes in People Living With HIV: Protocol for a Randomized Pilot Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e13818. [PMID: 31115343 PMCID: PMC6547772 DOI: 10.2196/13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite lower mortality rates due to combination antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV (PLWH) are grappling with increasingly complex health issues, including cognitive impairments in areas such as memory, attention, processing speed, and motor function. Yoga has been shown to be an effective form of exercise and mindfulness-based stress reduction for many clinical populations. However, no randomized trials have evaluated the impact of yoga on cognitive and physical function among PLWH. Objective The aim of this pilot randomized trial was to determine the feasibility of a yoga intervention to lay the groundwork for a full-scale, multisite, community-based trial for PLWH. Specific objectives are to (1) assess the feasibility of study protocol and procedures, (2) compare cognition in the yoga group with the usual care control group after 12 weeks of the intervention in PLWH, and (3) compare the effects of the 12-week yoga intervention versus control on balance, walking speed, physical activity, mental health, medication adherence, and quality of life among PLWH. Methods We propose a pilot randomized trial with 2 parallel groups (yoga versus control). We will recruit 25 PLWH (>35 years) from community and health organizations in Halifax, Canada. After baseline assessment with blinded assessors, participants will be randomly assigned to the yoga or control group, using a random computer generator. Participants in the yoga group will engage in supervised 60-min group-based yoga sessions 3 times a week for 12 weeks at a yoga studio. Participants in the control group will maintain their current physical activity levels throughout the study. Results As per the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials extension for pilot studies, means of all outcomes, mean change, and 95% CIs will be calculated for each group separately. Two-tailed independent t tests and Fisher exact tests will be used to compare groups at baseline. We will analyze quantitative postintervention questionnaire responses using Chi-square tests, and open-ended responses will be analyzed thematically. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses will be used to analyze secondary variables. Changes in outcome variables will be examined between groups and within groups. Effect sizes will be reported for each outcome. A priori adherence and satisfaction criteria will be met if participants attend >70% of the yoga sessions and if >70% of the participants are satisfied with the intervention as determined by a postparticipation questionnaire. Study enrollment began in January 2018, with results expected for October 2019. Conclusions This pilot randomized trial will be the first to investigate the feasibility and effect of a yoga intervention on cognitive and physical outcomes among PLWH. This work will inform the feasibility of further investigations in terms of capacity building, participant recruitment and retention, and assessment and intervention protocols. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03071562; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03071562 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/785sfhWkw) International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/13818
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Quigley
- Department of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kelly K O'Brien
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Marilyn MacKay-Lyons
- Department of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
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22
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Montoya JL, Jankowski CM, O’Brien KK, Webel AR, Oursler KK, Henry BL, Moore DJ, Erlandson KM. Evidence-informed practical recommendations for increasing physical activity among persons living with HIV. AIDS 2019; 33:931-939. [PMID: 30946147 PMCID: PMC6457127 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Montoya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Catherine M. Jankowski
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, College of Nursing, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelly K. O’Brien
- Department of Physical Therapy; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison R. Webel
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Krisann K. Oursler
- Geriatric Research and Education, Salem Veterans Medical Center, Salem, Virginia, USA; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Brook L. Henry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kristine M. Erlandson
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, College of Nursing, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Hasanpour-Dehkordi A, Solati K, Tali SS, Dayani MA. Effect of progressive muscle relaxation with analgesic on anxiety status and pain in surgical patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:174-178. [DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.3.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hasanpour-Dehkordi
- Associated Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences
| | - Kamal Solati
- Associated Professor, Department of Medical Psychiatry
| | - Shahriar Salehi Tali
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical-Surgical, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery
| | - Mohamad Ali Dayani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology All at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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24
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Hari Chandra BP, Ramesh MN, Nagendra HR. Effect of Yoga on Immune Parameters, Cognitive Functions, and Quality of Life among HIV-Positive Children/Adolescents: A Pilot Study. Int J Yoga 2019; 12:132-138. [PMID: 31143021 PMCID: PMC6521755 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_51_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: HIV/AIDS individuals have problems relating to immune system, quality of life (QOL), and cognitive functions (CFs). Yoga is found to be useful in similar conditions. Hardly, any work is reported on yoga for HIV-positive adults/adolescents. Hence, this study is important. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of yoga on immune parameters, CFs, and QOL of HIV-positive children/adolescents. Settings and Design: Single-group, pre–post study with 4-month yoga intervention. Methods: The study had 18 children from an HIV/AIDS rehabilitation center for children/adolescents. CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, and viral loads were studied. CF tests included six letter cancellation test, symbol digit modalities test, digit-span forward backward test, and Stroop tests. QOL was assessed using PedsQL-QOL and fatigue questionnaire. Depression was assessed using CDI2-SR. Statistical Analysis Used: t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, as applicable. Results: The study included 18 children/adolescents. There was improvement in general health of the participants. There was statistically significant increase in CD4 cells counts (p = 0.039) and significant decrease in viral load (p = 0.041). CD4/CD8 ratio moved to normal range. QOL significantly improved. CFs had mixed results with improved psychomotor performance (PP) and reduced executive functions. Conclusions: There was improvement in general health and immune parameters. While depression increased, QOL improved. CFs showed mixed results with improved PP and reduced executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Hari Chandra
- Department of Life Sciences, S-VYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mavathur N Ramesh
- Department of Life Sciences, S-VYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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25
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Dunne EM, Balletto BL, Donahue ML, Feulner MM, DeCosta J, Cruess DG, Salmoirago-Blotcher E, Wing RR, Carey MP, Scott-Sheldon LAJ. The benefits of yoga for people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 34:157-164. [PMID: 30712721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) often experience psychological stress associated with disease management. This meta-analysis examines the benefits of yoga interventions on psychological distress among PLWHA. METHODS Included were studies that (a) evaluated a yoga intervention in PLWHA; (b) provided between-group or within-group changes; and (c) assessed a psychological, physiological, or biomedical outcome. RESULTS Seven studies sampling 396 PLWHA (M age = 42 years, SD = 5 years; 40% women) met inclusion criteria. PLWHA who received yoga interventions reported significant improvements in perceived stress (d+ = 0.80, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.53, 1.07), positive affect (d + = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.98), and anxiety (d+ = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.27, 1.14) compared to controls. CONCLUSION Yoga is a promising intervention for stress management. However, the literature is limited by the small number of studies. Randomized controlled trials with objective measures of HIV-related outcomes are needed to further evaluate the benefits of yoga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Dunne
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Brittany L Balletto
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Marissa L Donahue
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melissa M Feulner
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Julie DeCosta
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Elena Salmoirago-Blotcher
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michael P Carey
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lori A J Scott-Sheldon
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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Mindfulness-based intervention among People living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 33:12-19. [PMID: 30396609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kuloor A, Kumari S, Metri K. Impact of yoga on psychopathologies and quality of life in persons with HIV: A randomized controlled study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2018; 23:278-283. [PMID: 31103108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often exhibit poor physical and mental health, which contributes to a reduced Quality of Life (QoL). Yoga is a form of alternative therapy that has positive influences on general health and QoL. OBJECTIVES This study examined the effects of yoga on i) anxiety, depression, and psychological well-being and ii) QoL among individuals with an HIV positive status. METHODOLOGY Sixty individuals with HIV-positive (aged 30-50 years) from rehabilitation centres across Bangalore were randomly assigned to the yoga intervention group (n = 30; 11 men) or the wait-listed control group (n = 30; 10 men). Participants in the yoga group underwent 8 weeks of intense yoga practice performed an hour a day for 5 days a week. The yoga practice consisted of physical postures, breathing practices, relaxation techniques, and meditation. Participants in the wait-listed control group followed their normal routine. Anxiety, fatigue, depression, and QoL were assessed twice for all subjects in each group - once at the start of the study to establish a baseline and once more at the end of the 2-month study period to assess any changes. Data analysis was performed on the assessments using SPSS software version 10. RESULTS Between group analysis demonstrated that a significantly different reduction in anxiety (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.001), and fatigue (p < 0.001) was observed in the yoga group compared to the control group, as well as significant improvements in well-being (p < 0.001) and all domains of QoL (p < 0.001) in the yoga group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION This study indicates that yoga intervention appears to improve the psychological health and QoL of individuals who are HIV-positive. Therefore, based on these findings, yoga may be recommended as a complementary therapy to enhance conventional HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Kuloor
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA - deemed to be a University), #1 Eknath Bhavan Gavipuram Circle K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India
| | - Sony Kumari
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA - deemed to be a University), #1 Eknath Bhavan Gavipuram Circle K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India
| | - Kashinath Metri
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA - deemed to be a University), #1 Eknath Bhavan Gavipuram Circle K G Nagar, Bengaluru, 560019, India.
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28
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Yoga and immune system functioning: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Behav Med 2018; 41:467-482. [PMID: 29429046 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-9914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Yoga is an ancient mind-body practice that is increasingly recognized to have health benefits in a variety of clinical and non-clinical conditions. This systematic review summarizes the findings of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of yoga on immune system functioning which is imperative to justify its application in the clinic. Fifteen RCTs were eligible for the review. Even though the existing evidence is not entirely consistent, a general pattern emerged suggesting that yoga can downregulate pro-inflammatory markers. In particular, the qualitative evaluation of RCTs revealed decreases in IL-1beta, as well as indications for reductions in IL-6 and TNF-alpha. These results imply that yoga may be implemented as a complementary intervention for populations at risk or already suffering from diseases with an inflammatory component. Beyond this, yoga practice may exert further beneficial effects by enhancing cell-mediated and mucosal immunity. It is hypothesized that longer time spans of yoga practice are required to achieve consistent effects especially on circulating inflammatory markers. Overall, this field of investigation is still young, hence the current body of evidence is small and for most immune parameters, more research is required to draw distinct conclusions.
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29
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Field T. Yoga research review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2016; 24:145-61. [PMID: 27502816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper is a review of empirical studies, review and meta-analysis publications on yoga from the last few years. The review includes demographics/prevalence of yoga as a practice, bibliometric analyses of the yoga publications and the use of yoga for physical fitness and cognitive function. Most of the studies reviewed here involve yoga effects on psychiatric and medical conditions. These include pregnancy, prenatal and postpartum depression; stress, PTSD, anxiety, and obesity; cardiovascular conditions including hypertension; pain syndromes including arthritis, headaches and low back pain; autoimmune conditions including asthma, type II diabetes and multiple sclerosis; immune conditions including HIV and breast cancer; and aging problems including balance, osteoporosis and Parkinson's. The methods and results of those studies are briefly summarized along with their limitations and suggestions for future research. Basically yoga has been more effective than control and waitlist control conditions, although not always more effective than treatment comparison groups such as other forms of exercise. More randomized controlled studies are needed in which yoga is compared to active exercise groups. Having established the physical and mental health benefits of yoga makes it ethically questionable to assign participants to inactive control groups. Shorter sessions should be investigated for cost-effectiveness and for daily practice. Multiple physical and physiological measures need to be added to the self-report research protocols and potential underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. In the interim, the studies reviewed here highlight the therapeutic effects of yoga, a practice that could come to be called yoga therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Field
- Touch Research Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, United States; Fielding Graduate University, United States.
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