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Rios-Lugo MJ, Serafín-Fabián JI, Hernández-Mendoza H, Klünder-Klünder M, Cruz M, Chavez-Prieto E, Martínez-Navarro I, Vilchis-Gil J, Vazquez-Moreno M. Mediation effect of body mass index on the association between serum magnesium level and insulin resistance in children from Mexico City. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01447-3. [PMID: 38745051 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Reduced serum magnesium (Mg) levels have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in adults. However, in the children population, the evidence is still limited. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to analyze the association of serum Mg levels with the frequency of overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic traits in 189 schoolchildren (91 girls and 98 boys) between 6 and 12 years old from Mexico City. SUBJECTS/METHODS Anthropometrical data were collected and biochemical parameters were measured by enzymatic colorimetric assay. Serum Mg level was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was used as a surrogate marker to evaluate IR. RESULTS Serum Mg level was negatively associated with overweight (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.377, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.231-0.614, p < 0.001) and obesity (OR = 0.345, 95% CI 0.202-0.589, p < 0.001). Serum Mg level resulted negatively associated with body mass index (BMI, β = -1.16 ± 0.26, p < 0.001), BMI z-score (β = -0.48 ± 0.10, p < 0.001) and TyG index (β = -0.04 ± 0.04, p = 0.041). Through a mediation analysis was estimated that BMI z-score accounts for 60.5% of the negative association of serum Mg level with IR (Sobel test: z = 2.761; p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Our results evidence that BMI z-score mediate part of the negative association of serum Mg level and IR in Mexican schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Judith Rios-Lugo
- Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de Salud y Biomedicina. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Sierra Leona 550, CP 78210, San Luis, SLP, México
| | - Jesús Isimar Serafín-Fabián
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, México
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero, México
| | - Héctor Hernández-Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair 200, CP 78377, San Luis, SLP, México
- Universidad del Centro de México, Capitán Caldera 75, CP 78250, San Luis, SLP, México
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, CP 06720, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Universidad del Centro de México, Capitán Caldera 75, CP 78250, San Luis, SLP, México
| | - Estefania Chavez-Prieto
- Programa Multidisciplinario de Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Zona Universitaria, Av. Manuel Nava 201, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Israel Martínez-Navarro
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de Salud y Biomedicina. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Sierra Leona 550, CP 78210, San Luis, SLP, México
| | - Jenny Vilchis-Gil
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, CP 06720, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Miguel Vazquez-Moreno
- Universidad del Centro de México, Capitán Caldera 75, CP 78250, San Luis, SLP, México.
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Santos RKF, Costa SSLD, Santos SHD, Rocha VDS, Silva AMDOE, Pires LV. Association between circulating micronutrient pattern, glycemic control, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biometals 2024; 37:527-537. [PMID: 38197982 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The circulating micronutrient pattern in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may impact glycemic control and insulin resistance; however, there is a scarcity of studies that have evaluated the circulating micronutrient pattern in the T2DM population. Therefore, our objective was to identify circulating micronutrient pattern and their association with markers of glycemic control and insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM. We developed a cross-sectional observational study involving adults with T2DM in Sergipe, Brazil. We assessed plasma levels of magnesium, zinc, calcium, potassium, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Additionally, also measured fasting glucose levels, the percentage of glycated hemoglobin (%HbA1c), and calculated the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Patterns of body reserve were established using principal component analysis and categorized into quartiles. Binary logistic regression models were employed. We evaluated 114 individuals (63.7% women), with a median age and body mass index of 49 years and 29.6 kg/m², respectively. Two circulating micronutrient patterns were identified, explaining 62.5% of the variance: Pattern 1 (positive contributions from magnesium, zinc, calcium, and potassium) and Pattern 2 (positive contributions from 25-hydroxyvitamin D and zinc, with a negative contribution from potassium). Lowest quartile for Pattern 1 and Pattern 2 exhibiting a 4.32-fold (p = 0.019) and 3.97-fold (p = 0.038) higher likelihood of increasing HOMA-IR and %HbA1c values, respectively, compared to the larger quartiles. However, no associations were found between these patterns and fasting glucose values. Lowest quartile for both patterns of micronutrients was associated with inadequate metabolic control in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramara Kadija Fonseca Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Samir Hipólito Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marcelo Deda Chagas, S/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49107-230, Brazil
| | - Liliane Viana Pires
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marcelo Deda Chagas, S/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49107-230, Brazil.
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Merzah MH, Diajil AR. Serum and salivary adiponectin levels as predictive markers for diabetes mellitus in children with a family history of diabetes. J Med Life 2023; 16:1561-1565. [PMID: 38313182 PMCID: PMC10835556 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, metabolic condition marked by defects in insulin production, action, or both. Environmental and genetic factors can contribute to the onset of diabetes mellitus. Adiponectin, a hormone affecting pancreatic beta cell proliferation, has emerged as a potential indicator of diabetes risk. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate serum and salivary adiponectin levels as predictors of diabetes mellitus in children with/without a family history of diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted at Al-Zahra Hospital in Najaf city and included 125 children aged 5 to 16. Data on demographics, including name, age, and gender, were collected, and body mass index (BMI) was assessed. Serum and salivary adiponectin levels were measured and analyzed in relation to family history and BMI. Children with a family history of DM had high serum adiponectin (ADP) levels. Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in children with first-degree relatives having a history of diabetes mellitus, except for cases involving mothers and other relatives with diabetes mellitus history (p<0.05). Furthermore, serum adiponectin levels were higher in obese children. Salivary adiponectin levels were significantly elevated in children with a maternal family history of diabetes (p=0.01), while no significant correlation was found with BMI. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.180, p=0.05) between salivary and serum adiponectin concentrations was observed. Compared to children with a normal, healthy weight, children with obesity had decreased salivary adiponectin levels and increased serum adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hamid Merzah
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ameena Ryhan Diajil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Association of dietary magnesium intake and glycohemoglobin with mortality risk in diabetic patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277180. [PMID: 36576930 PMCID: PMC9797057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary magnesium intake inversely correlated to risk of death in general population. However, it is relatively unknown whether the beneficial effect remains significant in individuals with diabetes. Our study purpose is to evaluate the association of dietary magnesium intake with mortality risk in diabetic population. METHODS The study population is recruited from 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, totaling 2,045 adults with diabetes being included. Participants were divided based on glycohemoglobin (HbA1c < 7% and ≥ 7%) and daily dietary magnesium intake (≤ and > 250mg/day) ascertained by 24-hour dietary recall interviews. RESULTS The average age of the study population was 52.9±10.1 years, with 49.1% being male. During a median follow-up of 77.0 months (interquartile range: 45.0-107.0 months), a total of 223 participants died (1.5 per 1000 person-months). Our results showed that individuals with lower dietary magnesium intake (≤250mg/day) had higher risk of all-cause (HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.13-2.16) and other-cause (non-cardiovascular and non-cancer) mortality (HR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.09-2.60), while cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality were similar compared with individuals with magnesium intake > 250mg/day. We also showed that the risk of all-cause (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.33-2.60) and other-cause mortality (HR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.29-3.19) were higher in individuals with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7.0%) compared with HbA1c <7.0%; however, the association attenuated in the subgroup of higher magnesium intake (>250mg/day). When combining HbA1c and dietary magnesium intake, we showed that individuals with HbA1c ≥ 7% and dietary magnesium intake ≤ 250 mg/day had higher all-cause and other-cause (non-cardiovascular and non-cancer) mortality risk compared with those with HbA1c < 7% and/or dietary magnesium intake > 250 mg/day. CONCLUSION Higher magnesium intake may help reduce mortality risk in individuals with diabetes and attenuate mortality risk of poor diabetic control.
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Xiang X, Ji Z, Jiang T, Huang Z, Yan J. Reduced serum magnesium is associated with the occurrence of diabetic macular edema in patients with diabetic retinopathy: A retrospective study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:923282. [PMID: 36203780 PMCID: PMC9530391 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.923282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum magnesium levels have been reported to reflect the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR); however, the effect of serum magnesium level on diabetic macular edema (DME) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the association between the serum magnesium levels and DME in patients with DR. Patients with DR were recruited between January 2018 and June 2021. A total of 519 such patients were included in this study. All patients underwent a standardized clinical ophthalmic examination by an experienced ophthalmologist, and an assay was conducted to determine the serum magnesium concentration. Compared with the non-DME group, the DME group had a higher proportion of insulin use and a higher level of serum ischemia-modified albumin and fasting plasma glucose. The serum magnesium and calcium levels were lower in the DME group than in the non-DME group (P < 0.05). Higher magnesium levels were negatively associated with DME after adjustment for relevant covariates. Compared with the participants in the lowest magnesium quartile, those in the fourth quartile showed a significantly lower risk of DME after adjustment [odds ratio (OR), 0.294; 95% confidence interval, 0.153–0.566; P < 0.0001]. Considering the potentially different effects of serum magnesium on the development of DME in patients with DR based on age, DR staging and insulin use, stratified analysis was performed by considering these factors. Among insulin-using patients with non-proliferative DR who were < 66 years of age, those in the third and fourth quartile of serum magnesium were less likely to develop DME than those in the lowest quartile of serum magnesium [OR (95% CI), 0.095 (0.014–0.620), 0.057 (0.011–0.305); P = 0.014, 0.001]. Overall, a higher serum magnesium level was associated with a lower risk of DME in patients with DR. Furthermore, patients with DR who used insulin were more likely to develop DME. Long-term studies on oral magnesium supplements are needed to determine whether maintaining the serum magnesium levels in a higher physiological range can reduce the risk of DME in patients with DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, China
| | - Zijia Ji
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, China
| | - Tingwang Jiang
- Department of Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, China
| | - Zhengru Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengru Huang,
| | - Jing Yan
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Jing Yan,
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KUPPUSAMY S, DHANASINGHU R, SAKTHIVADIVEL V, KALIAPPAN A, GAUR A, BALAN Y, TADI LJ, SUNDARAMURTHY R. Association of Serum Magnesium with Insulin Indices in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. MAEDICA 2022; 17:596-601. [PMID: 36540586 PMCID: PMC9720662 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2022.17.3.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Magnesium has a direct impact on glucose metabolism since it is a cofactor for numerous energy-metabolizing enzymes. Hypomagnesemia has been linked to poor glycemic control and a range of diabetes-related long-term complications. This study aimed to assess the association between blood magnesium levels and insulin sensitivity indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods:Two hundred newly diagnosed T2DM patients aged over 40 years were recruited after excluding those with a history of heart failure, kidney illness, liver disease, hypothyroidism, ascites, pregnancy, tumors, and complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis. Fasting glucose, serum magnesium, serum insulin, serum urea and creatinine were measured. Patients were divided into two groups based on their serum magnesium levels. Results:There were no age or sex differences between the subjects of the two groups. Participants in the group with low magnesium had significantly high fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P < 0.001). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant associations with PPBS [odds ratio (OR) 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-0.99)], HbA1c [OR 0.05 (95% CI=0.005-0.55)] and creatinine [OR 0.004 (95% CI=0.00-0.074)]. Correlation statistics showed a negative correlation between magnesium and PPBS (r =-0.204), HOMA-IR (r = -0.819) and creatinine (r = -0.151). Conclusion:Serum magnesium levels have a negative correlation with FBS and PPBS, as well as HOMA-IR. It may well be essential to include serum magnesium level as a regular assessment in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhanam KUPPUSAMY
- Department of General Medicine, Government Villupuram Medical College, Mundiyambakkam, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raju DHANASINGHU
- Department of General Medicine, Government Villupuram Medical College, Mundiyambakkam, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Varatharajan SAKTHIVADIVEL
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ariyanachi KALIAPPAN
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Archana GAUR
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yuvaraj BALAN
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lakshmi Jyothi TADI
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Raja SUNDARAMURTHY
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Magnesium Intake, C-Reactive Protein, and Muscle Mass in Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142882. [PMID: 35889841 PMCID: PMC9317340 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adult studies have suggested that magnesium intake may regulate C-reactive protein (CRP) and muscle mass, known risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. Given the large deficiencies in magnesium intake in adolescents, we aimed to investigate sex and race differences in dietary magnesium intake and test the hypothesis that lower magnesium intake is associated with higher CRP and lower muscle mass. Methods: A total of 766 black and white adolescents, 14 to 18 years old (51% black; 50% female) were previously recruited. Diet was assessed with four to seven independent 24-h recalls. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were measured using fasting blood samples by ELISA. Results: There were sex and race differences in the daily consumption of magnesium. The average daily magnesium intakes were 200.66 ± 7.09 mg and 205.03 ± 7.05 mg for males and females, respectively, far below the recommended amounts of 410 mg for males and 360 mg for females. White subjects (217.95 ± 6.81 mg/day) consumed more than black subjects (187.75 ± 6.92 mg/day). Almost none of the adolescents met the recommendations. Adjusted multiple linear regressions revealed that lower magnesium intake was associated with higher hs-CRP and lower fat-free mass (FFM) (p-values < 0.05). Higher hs-CRP was associated with lower FFM. Moreover, an interaction between magnesium intake and hs-CRP on FFM was identified (p-value < 0.05). Lower magnesium intake amplified the inverse relationships between hs-CRP and FFM (p-values < 0.05). Conclusion: Magnesium consumption in our adolescents was far below daily recommended levels with male and black subjects consuming less than female and white subjects. Lower magnesium intake was associated with higher CRP and lower muscle mass. Low magnesium intake may also augment the inverse relationship between CRP and FFM.
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Hosseini Dastgerdi A, Ghanbari Rad M, Soltani N. The Therapeutic Effects of Magnesium in Insulin Secretion and Insulin Resistance. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:54. [PMID: 35982863 PMCID: PMC9379913 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_366_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a chronic pathological condition that is related to reduce the rates of glucose uptake, especially in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue as target tissues. Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus can occur following progression of the disease. The majority of prior research has applied that some cations such as magnesium (Mg2+) have important physiological role in insulin metabolism. Mg2+ is the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body that gets involved as a cofactor of various enzymes in several metabolic events, such as carbohydrate oxidation, and it has a fundamental role in glucose transporting mechanism of the cell membrane. This cation has numerous duties in the human body such as regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells and phosphorylation of the insulin receptors in target cells and also gets involved in other downstream signal kinases as intracellular cation. On this basis, intracellular Mg2+ balancing is vital for adequate carbohydrate metabolism. This paper summarizes the present knowledge about the therapeutic effects of Mg2+ in reducing IR in liver, muscle, and pancreases with different mechanisms. For this, the search was performed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science by insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, liver, pancreases, magnesium, Mg2+, and inflammation keywords.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahtab Ghanbari Rad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nepton Soltani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Prof. Nepton Soltani, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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Oost LJ, van Heck JIP, Tack CJ, de Baaij JHF. The association between hypomagnesemia and poor glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes is limited to insulin resistant individuals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6433. [PMID: 35440685 PMCID: PMC9018833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In a cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes, we examined the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and the correlation of serum magnesium levels with metabolic determinants, such as glycaemic control (as HbA1c), inflammatory markers and circulating cytokines. Furthermore, we assessed if a surrogate for insulin resistance is essential for the possible association of serum magnesium with metabolic determinants. Individuals with type 1 diabetes, aged above 18 years, were included and clinical characteristics were obtained from questionnaires and clinical records. In venous blood samples we measured cytokines and adipose-tissue specific secretion proteins. Serum magnesium concentrations were measured and correlated with clinical data and laboratory measurements using univariate and multivariate regression models. Hierarchical multiple regression of serum magnesium with insulin resistance was adjusted for diabetes and potential magnesium confounders. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium levels < 0.7 mmol/L) was 2.9% in a cohort consisting of 241 individuals with type 1 diabetes. The magnesium concentration in the cohort was not associated with HbA1c (r = − 0.12, P-value = 0.068) nor with any inflammatory marker or adipokine. However, insulin dose (IU/kg), a surrogate measure of resistance in type 1 diabetes, moderated the association of serum magnesium (mmol/L) with HbA1c (mmol/mol) with a B coefficient of − 71.91 (95% CI: − 119.11; -24.71), P-value = 0.003) and Log10 high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Log10 mg/L) − 2.09 (95% CI: − 3.70; − 0.48), P-value = 0.011). The association of low serum magnesium levels with glycaemic control (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in individuals with type 1 diabetes is limited to subjects using a high insulin dose and suggests that insulin resistance, a type 2 diabetes feature, is a prerequisite for hypomagnesemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette J Oost
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Julia I P van Heck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Vargas-Alarcón G, Fragoso JM, Ramírez-Bello J, Posadas-Sánchez R. FOXA3 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Metabolic Parameters in Individuals with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Healthy Controls-The GEA Mexican Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050601. [PMID: 35625529 PMCID: PMC9139129 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXA3 is a transcription factor involved in the macrophage cholesterol efflux and macrophage reverse cholesterol transport reducing the atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, the present study aimed to establish if the FOXA3 polymorphisms are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) and cardiometabolic parameters. Two FOXA3 polymorphisms (rs10410870 and rs10412574) were determined in 386 individuals with SA and 1070 controls. No association with SA was observed. The rs10410870 polymorphism was associated with a low risk of having total cholesterol >200 mg/dL, non-HDL-cholesterol > 160 mg/dL, and a high risk of having LDL pattern B and insulin resistance adipose tissue in individuals with SA, and with a high risk of having interleukin 10 <p25 and magnesium deficiency in controls. The rs10412574 polymorphism was associated with a low risk of insulin resistance of the adipose tissue and a high risk of aspartate aminotransferase >p75 in individuals with SA, and with a low risk of LDL pattern B and a high risk of a magnesium deficiency in controls. Independent analysis in 846 individuals showed that the rs10410870 polymorphism was associated with a high risk of aortic valve calcification. In summary, FOXA3 polymorphisms were not associated with SA; however, they were associated with cardiometabolic parameters in individuals with and without SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology and Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.V.-A.); (J.M.F.)
| | - José Manuel Fragoso
- Department of Molecular Biology and Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.V.-A.); (J.M.F.)
| | - Julian Ramírez-Bello
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-55732911 (ext. 21416)
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Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Deeh Defo PB, Sahin N, Ojalvo SP, Sylla S, Komorowski JR, Sahin K. Effects of a Novel Magnesium Complex on Metabolic and Cognitive Functions and the Expression of Synapse-Associated Proteins in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:247-260. [PMID: 33591492 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the effects of a novel form of magnesium, Mg picolinate (MgPic), to magnesium oxide (MgO) on metabolic and cognitive functions and the expression of genes associated with these functions in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control, MgO, MgPic, HFD, HFD + MgO, and HFD + MgPic. Mg was supplemented at 500 mg of elemental Mg/kg diet for 8 weeks. MgPic and MgO supplementation decreased visceral fat, serum glucose, insulin, leptin, TC, TG, FFA, testosterone, FSH, LH, SHBG, IGF-1, and MDA levels, but increased brain SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities in HFD rats. Inflammation and cognitive-related markers (presynaptic synapsin PSD95, postsynaptic PSD93, postsynaptic GluR1, and GluR2) were improved in HFD rats administered Mg, with more significant effects seen in the MgPic group. MgPic also decreased brain NF-κB but elevated brain Nrf2 levels, compared with the HFD group. The phosphorylation levels of Akt (Thr308), Akt (Ser473), PI3K try 458/199, and Ser9-GSK-3 in the brain were improved after Mg treatment in HFD rats, with more potent effects seen from MgPic supplementation. MgPic has a higher bioavailability and is more effective in improving metabolic parameters and enhancing memory than MgO. The pro-cognitive effects of MgO and MgPic could be mediated via modulation of the AMPA-type glutamate receptor and activation of the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3β signaling pathway. These findings further support the use of MgPic in the management of metabolic and cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sara Perez Ojalvo
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Nutrition 21 LLC, Purchase, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Sylla
- Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Nutrition 21 LLC, Purchase, NY, USA
| | | | - Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
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12
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Hosseini Dastgerdi A, Sharifi M, Soltani N. GABA administration improves liver function and insulin resistance in offspring of type 2 diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23155. [PMID: 34848753 PMCID: PMC8633274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the role of GABA in attenuating liver insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes parents and reducing its risk in their descendants' liver. Both sexes' rats were divided into four groups of non-diabetic control, diabetic control (DC), GABA-treated (GABA), and insulin-treated (Ins). The study duration lasted for six months and the young animals followed for four months. Consequently, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed for all animals. Apart from insulin tolerance test (ITT), serum and liver lipid profile were measured in all groups. Glycogen levels, expression of Foxo1, Irs2, Akt2, and Pepck genes in the liver were assessed for all groups. Overall, GABA improved ITT, increased liver glycogen levels and decreased lipid profile, blood glucose level, and HbA1c in parents and their offspring in compared to the DC group. GIR also increased in both parents and their offspring by GABA. Moreover, the expression of Foxo1, Irs2, Akt2, and Pepck genes improved in GABA-treated parents and their descendants in compared to DC group. Results indicated that GABA reduced liver IR in both parents and their offspring via affecting their liver insulin signaling and gluconeogenesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadreza Sharifi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nepton Soltani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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13
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Plasmatic Magnesium Deficiency in 101 Outpatients Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Pract 2021; 11:791-800. [PMID: 34842632 PMCID: PMC8628662 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract11040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Magnesium deficiency is usually associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals living with T2DM with hypomagnesemia show a more rapid disease progression and have an increased risk for diabetes complications. (2) Methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study in the National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis in Tunisia, including all adult outpatients (≥18 years old) with a diagnosis of T2DM from 1 September 2018 to 31 August 2019. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of plasmatic magnesium deficiency in a Tunisian population of T2DM and to study the relationship between magnesium status and intake, glycemic control and long-term diabetes-related complications. (3) Results: Among the 101 T2DM outpatients, 13 (12.9%) presented with a plasmatic magnesium deficiency. The mean age was 56 ± 7.9 years with a female predominance (62%, n = 63). The mean of the plasmatic magnesium level was 0.79 ± 0.11 mmol/L (0.5–1.1), and the mean of 24 h urinary magnesium excretion was 87.8 ± 53.8 mg/24 h [4.8–486.2]. HbA1c was significantly higher in the plasmatic magnesium deficiency group than the normal magnesium status group (10% ± 1.3 vs. 8.3% ± 1.9; p = 0.04), with a significant difference in participants with a poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%) (100%, n = 13/13 vs. 53%, n = 47/88; p = 0.001). A weak negative relationship was also found between plasmatic magnesium and HbA1c (r = −0.2, p = 0.03). Peripheral artery disease was more commonly described in individuals with low plasmatic magnesium levels than in individuals with normal levels (39%, n = 5 vs. 0%, n = 0; p < 0.001). The mean plasmatic magnesium level in participants without diabetic nephropathy and also peripheral artery disease was significantly higher compared to individuals with each long-term diabetes-related complication (0.8 mmol/L ± 0.1 vs. 0.71 mmol/L ± 0.07; p = 0.006) and (0.8 mmol/L ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 mmol/L ± 0.08; p < 0.001), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia was identified in individuals with T2DM, causing poor glycemic control and contributing to the development and progression of diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications.
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14
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Sadgrove NJ. The ‘bald’ phenotype (androgenetic alopecia) is caused by the high glycaemic, high cholesterol and low mineral ‘western diet’. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Oost LJ, van der Heijden AAWA, Vermeulen EA, Bos C, Elders PJM, Slieker RC, Kurstjens S, van Berkel M, Hoenderop JGJ, Tack CJ, Beulens JWJ, de Baaij JHF. Serum Magnesium Is Inversely Associated With Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:1757-1765. [PMID: 34385344 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated whether serum magnesium (Mg2+) was prospectively associated with macro- or microvascular complications and mediated by glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]), in type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed in 4,348 participants the association of serum Mg2+ with macrovascular disease and mortality (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], coronary heart disease [CHD], heart failure [HF], cerebrovascular accident [CVA], and peripheral arterial disease [PAD]), atrial fibrillation (AF), and microvascular complications (chronic kidney disease [CKD], diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic foot) using Cox regression, adjusted for confounders. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether HbA1c mediated these associations. RESULTS The average baseline serum Mg2+ concentration was 0.80 ± 0.08 mmol/L. During 6.1 years of follow-up, serum Mg2+ was inversely associated with major macrovascular, 0.87 (95% CI 0.76; 1.00); HF, 0.76 (95% CI 0.62; 0.93); and AF, 0.59 (95% CI 0.49; 0.72). Serum Mg2+ was not associated with AMI, CHD, CVA, and PAD. During 5.1 years of follow-up, serum Mg2+ was inversely associated with overall microvascular events, 0.85 (95% CI 0.78; 0.91); 0.89 (95% CI 0.82; 0.96) for CKD, 0.77 (95% CI 0.61; 0.98) for diabetic retinopathy, and 0.85 (95% CI 0.78; 0.92) for diabetic foot. HbA1c mediated the associations of serum Mg2+ with HF, overall microvascular events, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic foot. CONCLUSIONS Serum Mg2+ concentration is inversely associated with the risk to develop HF and AF and with the occurrence of CKD, diabetic retinopathy, and foot complications in T2D. Glycemic control partially mediated the association of serum Mg2+ with HF and microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette J Oost
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Amber A W A van der Heijden
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center - location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emma A Vermeulen
- Department of Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Center - location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caro Bos
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Petra J M Elders
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center - location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roderick C Slieker
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Research Institutes, Amsterdam University Medical Center - location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Steef Kurstjens
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Laboratory Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda van Berkel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Research Institutes, Amsterdam University Medical Center - location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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16
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Babapour M, Mohammadi H, Kazemi M, Hadi A, Rezazadegan M, Askari G. Associations Between Serum Magnesium Concentrations and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Status: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1297-1305. [PMID: 32812171 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is the second most frequent intracellular cation in humans with a critical role in insulin metabolism and glucoregulation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often present with insulin resistance and impaired glucoregulatory status; however, their Mg status remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate serum Mg concentration in women with PCOS and compare it with that of controls without PCOS. Online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science were searched for studies evaluating the relationship between Mg concentrations and PCOS status until October 2019. Pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) of serum Mg levels were calculated using random effects models. A total of eight studies (10 arms; n = 2026 women) were included. Pooled effect sizes, expressed as WMD and 95% CI, revealed decreased serum Mg concentrations in women with PCOS compared with controls (- 0.09 (- 0.17, - 0.02) mmol/L; P = 0.01). However, significant heterogeneity was detected across the studies (I 2 = 98.0%, P < 0.001). Despite the classification of studies based on baseline BMI classes, we did not detect the potential source of the observed heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis showed that overweight and obese women (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, 0.07 mmol/L (- 0.14, - 0.01); P = 0.02) with PCOS had lower magnesium concentrations than normal women (BMI < 25 kg/m2, - 0.11 (- 0.25, 0.04) mmol/L; P = 0.14) compared with the control group. Serum Mg concentrations appear to be declined in overweight or obese women with PCOS, which may warrant screening and management of Mg status in this clinical population. High-quality studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between Mg concentrations and the development of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Babapour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemi
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Human Metabolic Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rezazadegan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745, Isfahan, Iran.
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17
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Ren C, Li M, Sun L, Li Z, Lu Y, Wang Q, Ma T, Xue HZ, Zhang K. Serum MicroRNA Differences Between Fracture in Postmenopausal Women with and without Diabetes. Orthop Surg 2020; 13:285-295. [PMID: 33283469 PMCID: PMC7862172 DOI: 10.1111/os.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen serum microRNAs (miRNAs) which could discriminate fracture status in postmenopausal women with or without diabetes. METHODS The miRNA expression profile dataset GSE70318 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This dataset composed of 74 samples, among these, 55 postmenopausal women was selected for bioinformatics analysis, including 19 osteoporotic fracture patients with type-2 diabetes, 19 osteoporotic fracture patients without type-2 diabetes, and 17 healthy control subjects. These samples were divided into two groups: fracture patients with diabetes vs healthy subjects (FH group) and fracture patients without diabetes vs healthy subjects (DFH group). Then, the differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs) in FH group and DFH group were respectively identified. The target genes of DEMs were predicted, followed by functional enrichment analysis. Furthermore, DEMs related to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened, and DEMs-lncRNA-target genes network was constructed. Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA) of DEMs was performed to further explore the expression characteristics of the selected miRNAs in different types of fracture samples. Finally, the expression level of significant DEMs was calculated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to verify the accuracy of the results of bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS A total of 18 and 23 DEMs were identified in FH and DFH groups, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that genes in FH group were significantly enriched in regulation of transcription (GO: 0045449) and genes in DFH group were mainly enriched in cellular response to hormone stimulus (GO: 0032870). Meanwhile, pathway analysis indicated that genes in FH group were primarily enriched in T cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04660) and genes in DFH group were mainly implicated in neurotrophin-signaling pathway (hsa04722). Moreover, the miRNA-lncRNA analysis revealed that miR-155-5p regulated by lncRNA MIR155HG was up-regulated in FH group; in addition, the miR-181c was significantly up-regulated and miR-375 was observably down-regulated in DFH group. Furthermore, PCA analysis suggested that the screened miRNAs were able to differentiate these two types of fractures in postmenopausal women. The miR-181c and miR-375 might be regarded as potential predictors for fracture, while miR-155-5p might be a candidate diagnostic biomarker for diabetic fracture. Finally, the results of qPCR were consistent with that of microarray data. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these three miRNAs might be regarded as potential diagnostic biomarkers to discriminate fracture status in postmenopausal women with and or without diabetes, and they served a putative role in the pathogenesis of these two diseases. However, these findings were only observed in serum samples and further clinical trials are urgently demanded to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Han-Zhong Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Liu H, Li N, Jin M, Miao X, Zhang X, Zhong W. Magnesium supplementation enhances insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin resistance in diabetic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:990-998. [PMID: 32952944 PMCID: PMC7478262 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40859.9650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): Diabetes mellitus has been suggested to be the most common metabolic disorder associated with magnesium deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of magnesium supplementation on insulin receptor activity in elderly type 2 diabetes using a rat model and to provide experimental evidence for insulin resistance improvement by magnesium supplementation. Materials and Methods: Rat model of type 2 diabetes was developed using a high-fat diet along with low dose streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. Magnesium supplement was given orally by mixing with the high-fat diet. Serum insulin level, insulin sensitivity, and insulin receptor affinity were assessed using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate (IRS-2), and β-Arrestin-2 gene and protein expression levels were measured using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Xanthine oxidase assay, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TCA method), colorimetric assay, and ELISA were used to determine the serum SOD, MDA, T-AOC, and ox-LDL levels, respectively. Results: Magnesium supplementation enhanced insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin resistance in diabetic rats mainly through increasing insulin receptor expression, affinity, and augmenting insulin receptor signaling. Magnesium supplementation also inhibited lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats and protected against pancreatic cell injury in diabetic rats. In addition, we found that β-arrestin-2 gene expression was suppressed in diabetes, which was possibly attributed to gene methylation modification, as β-arrestin 2 promotor was rich in methylation-regulating sites. Magnesium supplementation could affect β-arrestin-2 gene expression and methylation. Conclusion: Magnesium supplementation has a positive effect on insulin receptor activity and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Handan City, No. 25 Congtai Road, Handan, Hebei Province 056002, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Mengmeng Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinyu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Handan City, No. 25 Congtai Road, Handan, Hebei Province 056002, China
| | - Wenwen Zhong
- Healthcare Department, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
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19
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Hamilton KP, Zelig R, Parker AR, Haggag A. Insulin Resistance and Serum Magnesium Concentrations among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Curr Dev Nutr 2019; 3:nzz108. [PMID: 31696157 PMCID: PMC6822014 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects ∼1 in 10 women worldwide. Hypomagnesemia may worsen insulin resistance (IR) due to the role magnesium (Mg) plays in glucose metabolism. This review explores the relation between serum Mg and IR among women with PCOS. A review of primary research focusing on both serum Mg and women with PCOS was conducted from 2011 to 2019. Studies reviewed included human subjects, written in the English language, and limited to community-dwelling women aged ≥18 y. A total of 7 articles were reviewed. The findings from 4 epidemiological analytic studies evaluating serum Mg status suggest there may be a relation between serum Mg concentrations and IR among women with PCOS. However, among the 3 experimental trials, Mg supplementation inconsistently impacted IR among women with PCOS. Women with PCOS are more likely to underconsume Mg-rich foods and have a greater likelihood of lower serum Mg concentrations. Although it remains unclear if dietary Mg and/or supplementation should be a nutritional strategy for all women with PCOS, current research indicates an association between adequate Mg status and improved IR. Further research evaluating dietary interventions and supplementation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen P Hamilton
- School of Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences at Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Rena Zelig
- School of Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences at Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Anna R Parker
- School of Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences at Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
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20
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Winzer E, Grabovac I, Ludvik B, Kruschitz R, Schindler K, Prager G, Klammer C, Smith L, Hoppichler F, Marculescu R, Wakolbinger M. Differences in Serum Magnesium Levels in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Following One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091984. [PMID: 31443510 PMCID: PMC6770951 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are regarded to have reduced serum magnesium (Mg) concentrations. We aimed to assess the changes in serum Mg concentrations at 12-month follow-up in patients, with and without T2DM, who underwent one anastomosis gastric bypass surgery. Overall, 50 patients (80% female, age 42.2 (12.5) years) with morbid obesity (mean baseline BMI 43.8 (4.3) kg/m2) were included in the analysis. Half of the included patients had T2DM diagnosed at baseline, and these patients showed lower serum Mg concentration (0.78 (0.07)) vs. 0.83 (0.05) mmol/L; p = 0.006), higher blood glucose levels (129.9 (41.3) vs. 87.6 (8.1) mg/dL; p < 0.001) as well as HbA1c concentrations (6.7 (1.4) vs. 5.3 (0.5)%; p < 0.001). During follow-up, BMI and glucose levels showed a decrease; however, serum Mg levels remained stable. At baseline 42% of patients were found to be Mg deficient, which was reduced to 33% at six months and to 30% at 12 months follow-up. Moreover, patients with T2DM had an odds ratio of 9.5 (95% CI = 3.0-29.7; p < 0.001) for magnesium deficiency when compared to patients without T2DM. Further research into the role of Mg and its role in T2DM and other obesity-related comorbidities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Winzer
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Ludvik
- Department of Medicine 1 and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Rudolfstiftung Hospital, Juchgasse 25, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kruschitz
- Division of Internal Medicine, General Public Hospital of the Order of Saint Elisabeth, Völkermarkter Straße 15-19, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schindler
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Prager
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Klammer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Convent of the Brothers of Saint John of God, Seilerstätte 2, 4021 Linz, Austria
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Friedrich Hoppichler
- Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology and Nutrition-SIPCAN, Rabenfleckweg 8, 5061 Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Internal Medicine, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder, Kajetanerplatz 1, 5010 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Wakolbinger
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology and Nutrition-SIPCAN, Rabenfleckweg 8, 5061 Salzburg, Austria
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Association between serum magnesium and blood count: influence of type 2 diabetes and central obesity. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1287-1293. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe relationship between serum Mg and blood cell counts in Chinese adult diabetes or central obesity was assessed by investigating 8163 subjects with China Health and Nutrition Survey (mean age 59⋅6 years, 54⋅9 % men). Participants were classified according to blood Mg (below 0⋅65 mmol/l, or 0⋅66–0⋅94 mmol/l or above 0⋅95 mmol/l), type 2 diabetes (yes/no) and central obesity (yes/no). Leucocytes, erythrocytes, platelets (PLT), Hb and glycated Hb (HbA1c) were determined using standardised methods and conditions. HbAc1, leucocytes and PLT were significantly higher among subjects with central obesity than without central obesity (P < 0⋅05). A significant increase for Hb, erythrocytes, PLT, but not leucocytes, across progressive Mg groups was observed in subjects without diabetes (P < 0⋅05). Hb, erythrocytes and HbAc1 were significantly higher among subjects with higher Mg than in subjects with lower Mg with diabetes (P < 0⋅05). Central obesity disturbed the positive association between PLT count and serum Mg. Type 2 diabetes caused metabolism disorder in serum Mg, blood sugar and blood cell count. Hb, erythrocytes and PLT, but not leucocytes, are positively correlated with serum Mg, but this association is somehow disturbed by type 2 diabetes or central obesity.
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Mikalsen SM, Bjørke-Monsen AL, Whist JE, Aaseth J. Improved Magnesium Levels in Morbidly Obese Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients After Modest Weight Loss. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:45-51. [PMID: 29705834 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Serum magnesium (Mg) is reported to be reduced in individuals with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus and has been suggested as a marker for metabolic syndrome. We have studied changes in serum Mg concentrations in a group of obese patients (n = 92) with and without diabetes mellitus after weight loss induced by dieting and bariatric surgery. At inclusion, 11% (10/92) of the population had severe Mg deficiency (< 0.75 mmol/L) and median serum Mg was lower in diabetic (n = 20) compared to non-diabetic (n = 72) patients (p = 0.002). A weight loss of 10 kg after 8 weeks of lifestyle interventions was accompanied by increased serum Mg of about 5% in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Serum Mg remained stable thereafter in the non-diabetic patients, while it continued to increase in the diabetic patients after bariatric surgery. Six months after bariatric surgery, there was no significant difference in serum Mg concentration between the groups (p = 0.08). The optimal range of circulating Mg concentration is not known, but as even small increments in serum Mg are reported to lower the risk of cardiovascular and ischemic heart disease, our results are interesting in a public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jon Elling Whist
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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Parsi E, Bitterlich N, Winkelmann A, Rösler D, Metzner C. Dietary intervention with a specific micronutrient combination for the treatment of patients with cardiac arrhythmias: the impact on insulin resistance and left ventricular function. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:220. [PMID: 30509185 PMCID: PMC6276261 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac arrhythmias (CA) are very common and may occur with or without heart disease. Causes of these disturbances can be components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) or deficits of micronutrients especially magnesium, potassium, B vitamins and coenzyme Q10. Both causes may also influence each other. Insulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for diastolic dysfunction. One exploratory outcome of the present pilot study was to assess the impact of a dietary intervention with specific micronutrients on the lowering of IR levels in patients with CA with the goal to improve the left ventricular (LV) function. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of the randomized double blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in patients with CA (VPBs, SVPBs, SV tachycardia), which were recruited using data from patients who were 18–75 years of age in an Outpatient Practice of Cardiology. These arrhythmias were assessed by Holter ECG and LV function by standard echocardiography. Glucose metabolism was measured by fasting glucose, fasting insulin level and the Homeostasis Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) at baseline and after 6 weeks of dietary supplementation. Results A total of 54 randomized patients with CA received either a specific micronutrient combination or placebo. Dietary intervention led to a significant decrease in fasting insulin ≥58 pmol/l (p = 0.020), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.053) in the verum group after 6 weeks. At the same time, parameters of LV diastolic function were improved after intervention in the verum group: significant reduction of LV mass index (p = 0.003), and in tendency both a decrease of interventricular septal thickness (p = 0.053) as well as an increase of E/A ratio (p = 0.051). On the other hand, the premature beats (PBs) were unchanged under verum. Conclusions In this pilot study, dietary intervention with specific micronutrient combination as add-on to concomitant cardiovascular drug treatment seems to improve cardio metabolic health in patients with CA. Further studies are required. Study registration The study was approved by the Freiburg Ethics Commission International and was retrospectively registered with the U.S. National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials gov ID NCT 02652338 on 16 December 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Parsi
- Outpatient Practice of Cardiology, Suermondtstr. 13, D-13053, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Norman Bitterlich
- Medicine and Service Ltd, Department of Biostatistics, Boettcherstr. 10, D-09117, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Anne Winkelmann
- Outpatient Practice of Cardiology, Suermondtstr. 13, D-13053, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Rösler
- Bonn Education Association for Dietetics r. A, Fuerst-Pueckler-Str. 44, D-50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Metzner
- Bonn Education Association for Dietetics r. A, Fuerst-Pueckler-Str. 44, D-50935, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 44, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
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Rahmani E, Akbarzadeh S, Broomand A, Torabi F, Motamed N, Zohrabi M. Serum Levels of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 and Obestatin in Iranian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Normal Body Mass Index. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7070159. [PMID: 29932432 PMCID: PMC6069096 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7070159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in women of reproduction age and a major cause of anovulatory infertility. Insulin resistance plays an important role in the development and durability of this disorder. ANGPTL2 is known as an inflammatory mediator derived from adipose tissue that links obesity to systemic insulin resistance, and obestatin has been identified as a hormone associated with insulin resistance that suppresses food reabsorption, inhibits gastric emptying and decreases weight gain. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of ANGPTL2 and obestatin in PCOS women with normal body mass index (BMI). Methods: In this case-control study, 26 PCOS women based on the Rotterdam 2003 diagnostic criteria as the case group and 26 women with normal menstrual cycles as the control group were enrolled. Serum levels of ANGPTL2, obestatin, insulin and other hormone factors related with PCOS were measured by ELISA method and biochemical parameters were measured by an autoanalyzer. Data were analyzed by independent samples-T test, Chi Square, Correlation and a single sample Kolmogrov–Smirnov test using SPSS software, version 16. Results: There were no significant variations in the amount of ANGPTL2, obestatin, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, creatinine and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate between the two groups. There were significant increases in serum levels of fasting blood sugar (p = 0.01), insulin (p = 0.04), homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance (p = 0.04), testosterone (p = 0.02), luteinizing hormone (p = 0.004), luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (p = 0.006) and prolactin (p = 0.04) in case group compared to the control group. A significant positive correlation was observed between ANGPTL2 and insulin (p = 0.02), HOMA-IR (p = 0.01) and, on the other hand, a significant negative correlation was observed between obestatin and insulin (p = 0.01), HOMA-IR (p = 0.008) in PCOS group. Conclusions: In this study, no significant variations were observed in serum levels of ANGPTL2 and obestatin in PCOS women with normal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rahmani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran.
| | - Samad Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran.
| | - Ainaz Broomand
- Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Torabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran.
| | - Niloofar Motamed
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Zohrabi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514947932, Iran.
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Zohrabi M, Rahmani E, Motamed N, Akbarzadeh S. CXC Ligand 5 cytokine serum level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal body mass index: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.10.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Zohrabi M, Rahmani E, Motamed N, Akbarzadeh S. CXC Ligand 5 cytokine serum level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal body mass index: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017; 15:619-624. [PMID: 29387827 PMCID: PMC5767642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease and associated with insulin resistance. CXC Ligand 5 (CXCL5) is a new cytokine which is secreted from white adipose tissue during obesity and by blocking insulin signaling pathway inhibits the activity of insulin and promotes insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess serum level of CXCL5 in PCOS women with normal body mass index. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 30 PCOS women with normal body mass index as the case group and 30 non-PCOS women as the controls were enrolled. Serum levels of CXCL5, insulin and other hormones factors related with PCOS were measured by ELISA method, also the biochemical parameters were measured by autoanalyzer. RESULTS Significant increases in serum insulin concentration, homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance, luteinizing hormone, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone, fasting blood sugar, testosterone, and prolactin were observed in the case group compared to the controls. were in the serum level of CXCL5, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol,dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, creatinine, and homeostasis model assessment of beta cell function between these two groups. CONCLUSION In this study, no significant change was observed in serum concentrations of CXCL5 in PCOS women with normal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Zohrabi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Elham Rahmani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Niloofar Motamed
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Samad Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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Verma H, Garg R. Effect of magnesium supplementation on type 2 diabetes associated cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30:621-633. [PMID: 28150351 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disorders remain the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetic patients. In the present study, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted aiming to evaluate the effect of magnesium supplementation on type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated cardiovascular risk factors in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to 30 June 2016 aiming to identify RCTs evaluating the effect of magnesium supplementation on T2D associated cardiovascular risk factors. The data were analysed using a random effect model with inverse variance methodology. Sensitivity analysis, risk of bias analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regression and publication bias analysis were also conducted for the included studies using standard methods. RESULTS Following magnesium supplementation, a significant improvement was observed in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -4.641 mg dL-1 , 95% confidence interval (CI) = -7.602, -1.680, P = 0.002], high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (WMD = 3.197 mg dL-1 , 95% CI = 1.455, 4.938, P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = -10.668 mg dL-1 , 95% CI = -19.108, -2.228, P = 0.013), plasma triglycerides (TG) (WMD = -15.323 mg dL-1 , 95% CI = -28.821, -1.826, P = 0.026) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = -3.056 mmHg, 95% CI = -5.509, -0.603, P = 0.015). During subgroup analysis, a more beneficial effect of magnesium supplementation was observed in diabetic subjects with hypomagnesaemia. CONCLUSIONS Magnesium supplementation can produce a favourable effect on FPG, HDL, LDL, TG and SBP. Therefore, magnesium supplementation may decrease the risk T2D associated cardiovascular diseases, although future large RCTs are needed for making robust guidelines for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Verma
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Ropar, India
- Overseas R&D Centre, Overseas HealthCare Pvt Ltd, Phillaur, Punjab, India
| | - R Garg
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Ropar, India
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Morais JBS, Severo JS, de Alencar GRR, de Oliveira ARS, Cruz KJC, Marreiro DDN, Freitas BDJESDA, de Carvalho CMR, Martins MDCDCE, Frota KDMG. Effect of magnesium supplementation on insulin resistance in humans: A systematic review. Nutrition 2017; 38:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Wang G, Wang K. The Ca2+-Permeable Cation Transient Receptor Potential TRPV3 Channel: An Emerging Pivotal Target for Itch and Skin Diseases. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:193-200. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Efficacy of Magnesium Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Meta-analysis. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 2017; 32:38-45. [PMID: 33442083 PMCID: PMC7784187 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.032.01.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate if magnesium supplementation, in addition to standard therapy, improves fasting blood sugar (FBS) and/or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to placebo or other comparator. Methodology We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Acta Medica Philippina, Health Research and Development Information Network (HERDIN) and references of reviewed journals from 1966 to July 2015 using the following search terms: “magnesium” OR “magnesium supplementation” OR “magnesium replacement”, AND randomized controlled trial AND diabetes OR diabetes mellitus OR non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus OR diabetic OR diab* (with MeSH, where available). Studies were retrieved and rated independently using the standards provided by The Cochrane Collaboration. High quality trials were included in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Results Of the 689 records screened, 10 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and 7 studies in the meta-analysis. Pooled data showed a non-significant trend towards improvement in glycemic control in the magnesium-treated group (mean difference -0.19, CI -0.58 to 0.21). There was a stronger but still non-significant trend in T2DM patients with hypomagnesemia (mean difference -1.16, CI -2.92 to 0.6). Conclusion Routine magnesium supplementation for improvement in glycemic control in T2DM patients cannot be recommended based on data from included studies in this meta-analysis.
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Profile of Trace Elements in Selected Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Diabetes in Eritrea. ScientificWorldJournal 2016; 2016:2752836. [PMID: 27795982 PMCID: PMC5067330 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2752836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the profile of certain trace elements having therapeutic properties related to diabetes mellitus. The investigated plants were Aloe camperi, Meriandra dianthera, Lepidium sativum, Brassica nigra, and Nigella sativa. These plants are traditionally used in the management of diabetes in Eritrea. The elemental analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) techniques. The accuracy of the methods was verified using in-house reference materials (CRMs) and no significant differences were observed between the measured and certified values. The analysis displayed variable concentrations of the different trace elements including Zn, Cr, V, Mn, and Se in the plants. Moreover, the levels of major elements, such as Mg, Ca, K, Na, and Ba, and heavy metals, such as Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, As, and Pb, were determined and found to be in the permissible limit defined by WHO. Among the plants, Meriandra dianthera showed the highest levels of Mn, Cr, V, and other elements and the values were significantly different (P < 0.05).
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Gülfen M, Özdemir A, Lin JL, Chen CH. Investigation of non-covalent complexations of Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions with insulin by using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:2171-2182. [PMID: 27469404 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic β-cells. Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions play an important role in the secretion of insulin. There is no study about a direct complexation of Ca(II) or Mg(II) with insulin and their equilibrium constants. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is a practical method for the monitoring of non-covalent complexes such as Ca(II)-insulin and Mg(II)-insulin. Here, the equilibrium constants of Ca(II)-insulin and Mg(II)-insulin non-covalent complexes have been calculated after ESI-MS measurements in aqueous solutions. METHODS The effects of pH, competitive binding, ion exchange, and Na(I) and K(I) ions on Ca(II)-insulin and Mg(II)-insulin complexation have been examined by measuring by ESI-MS. The dissociation equilibrium constants (K1 and K2 ) of Ca(II)-insulin and Mg(II)-insulin complexes were calculated from the binomial graph derived from the ESI-MS normalized peak intensities. The MS/MS spectra of the complexes have been examined. RESULTS The dissociation equilibrium constants were found to K1 : 1.29 × 10(-4) M and K2 : 9.69 × 10(-4) M for the Ca(II)-insulin complexes, and K1 : 1.37 × 10(-4) M and K2 : 9.12 × 10(-4) M for Mg(II)-insulin complexes. Ca(II) ions have higher complexation capability with insulin than Mg(II) ions. CONCLUSIONS The binding equilibrium constants of Ca(II)- and Mg(II)-insulin non-covalent complexes have been determined successfully by ESI-MS. Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions are involved in the insulin secretion by forming non-covalent complexes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gülfen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Abdil Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Jung-Lee Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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