1
|
Fonseca RRDS, Laurentino RV, de Menezes SAF, Oliveira-Filho AB, Frade PCR, de Oliveira RP, Machado LFA. Digital Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Preparedness of Dentists towards Providing Dental Treatment to People Living with HIV in Northern Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6847. [PMID: 37835117 PMCID: PMC10572858 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) continue to face stigma and discrimination during dental treatment in Brazil. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic, educational and professional characteristics of dentists working in the Northern Brazilian region and to identify the level of knowledge of these health professionals in relation to the care and management of PLWH using a digital form. METHODS This cross-sectional study was population-based among dentists and was conducted between July and December 2021. A total of 396 dentists were invited using the "snowball" sampling technique and received an anonymous digital form (Google® Forms platform) composed of four blocks of dichotomous and multiple-choice questions. After signing the informed consent form, dentists were divided into seven groups according to the amount of time that had passed (in years) since they had completed their bachelor's degree in dentistry. A total of 25 questions referring to sociodemographic, educational and professional factors and knowledge about the dental care of PLWH were asked, and all data were presented as descriptive percentages and then analyzed using the Kappa test. RESULTS The average age was 31.9 years, and the states of Pará and Amazonas presented better knowledge about the dental care of PLWH. Dental prostheses (62/381-16.3%), orthodontics (57/381-15%) and periodontics (56/381-14.7%) were the most cited dental specialties, and demographic, professional and epidemiological characteristics showed a statistically significant difference regarding knowledge (<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The knowledge of dentists in Northern Brazil is partially high, although there is some lack of knowledge about the dental care of PLWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
| | - Rogério Valois Laurentino
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
| | | | - Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho
- Study and Research Group on Vulnerable Populations, Institute for Coastal Studies, Federal University of Para, Belem 68600-000, PA, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malli IA, Hamdan D, Aljahdali A, Almutairi A, Jar R, Alzahrani R, Khan MA. Medical Interns' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward People Living with HIV: Multicenter Experience from Saudi Arabia. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2023; 15:571-582. [PMID: 37744212 PMCID: PMC10516208 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s418948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Discrimination by some healthcare providers toward people living with HIV/AIDS has been documented. Differences in cultural backgrounds make it harder for future doctors, who need a lot of knowledge and a positive attitude to treat patients. In conservative countries like Saudi Arabia, not enough is known about how much medical interns know about HIV and how they feel about people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods From April to September 2021, this cross-sectional study use non-probability random sampling and utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collected the data from 346 medical interns who had graduated from five different medical schools. Results Most of the subjects correctly identified the main transmission routes, such as unprotected sex (94.57%), blood and body fluid exchange (94.19%), and sharing needles or syringes (91.47%). But they did not know what the most common co-infections were for HIV patients or how to protect themselves after exposure. This paper showed that medical interns have some stigmatizing behaviors toward patients living with HIV, as 31.1% and 22.9% agreed, respectively, that they would feel more sympathetic toward people who get AIDS from blood transfusions compared to IV drug users (IDU). Conclusion Medical interns also showed some positive attitudes, as more than half of the sample (56.2%) would not isolate beds for people living with HIV/AIDS. The study's conclusion is that HIV education and training programs should be added for medical interns, which might have a significant positive impact on their attitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israa Abdullah Malli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Hamdan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhanoof Aljahdali
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Almutairi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad Jar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Alzahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Anwar Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 22384, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saleem H, Waly N, Abdelgawad F. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of post exposure prophylaxis for fifth year dental students at a private Egyptian university: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:167. [PMID: 36964540 PMCID: PMC10039496 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care professionals including dental staff are at greater risk of occupational exposure to life threatened blood-borne pathogens. Occupational exposures will continue to occur despite improved techniques of prevention and using the post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in these situations are of great importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of post exposure prophylaxis for fifth year dental students at a private Egyptian university. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 dental students in the fifth year at a private Egyptian university from July 2019 to March 2020. Data were collected using self-administrated questionnaires including personal information, knowledge, attitude, and practice questions. RESULTS Our study showed that the total mean knowledge score was (0.45 ± 0.50), for attitude (0.70 ± 0.46), and that for practice (0.45 ± 0.50). There was no gender difference regarding PEP (P > 0.05). A total of 213 (47.5%) dental students believed that PEP should be indicated for any needlestick injury in the workplace. A number of 379 of the students (94%) chose "Yes" when asked if they thought PEP is important. While, 143 students (32.5%) were unaware of the existence of PEP service and protocol when asked about the reasons for not taking PEP after occupational exposure. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge and practice of fifth year dental students at a private Egyptian university toward post exposure prophylaxis are not satisfactory. Awareness and curriculum modifications are important regarding PEP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Saleem
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nevine Waly
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abdelgawad
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Anteneh B, Belachew SA, Endeshaw A, Wubneh ZB, Sarkar BR. Knowledge, attitude and practices of medical and health science students on the antiretroviral based HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in an Ethiopian hospital: an institutional based cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:713. [PMID: 31638985 PMCID: PMC6805572 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV/AIDS in resource-limited settings poses a high risk of occupational exposure to healthcare workers due to higher number of HIV infected patients. Hence, antiretroviral based post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV is very crucial. The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical and Health science students on antiretroviral based HIV PEP in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital (UOGCSH), Northwestern Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 medical and health science graduating students in UOGCSH from May to July 2015. Data were collected using a self-administered pretested questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results were summarized in frequencies, percentages, and means with standard deviations and presented using tables or figures. Results Among the respondents, only sixty-six (30%) of the 220 study participants has had adequate knowledge about HIV PEP. Furthermore, over 90 % of the students had positive attitude towards HIV PEP f. Out of the total respondents, 37/220 (16.8%) were in need of HIV PEP and of these students only 18/37 (48.6%) took PEP. On the other hand, merely 50% of the study subjects completed the full course of HIV PEP, while the rest 50% failed to finish. As to the respondents self-report, the sole reason for starting but failing to complete the full course of HIV PEP was intolerance to the side effects of antiretroviral. Conclusions Although majority of the respondents had poor knowledge and practice, they owned a good attitude towards HIV PEP. Therefore, a pre-service intensive training for all students regarding HIV PEP prior to their clinical attachments is mandatory. In addition, potential side effects of ARTs and its managements should be priory informed to the students so as to prevent the associated non-adherence to ultimately reduce the incidence of drug resistance. Moreover, the habit of needle stick injury reporting was found to be poor that needs due improvement and there has been also a pressing need to supply sufficient protective barriers to the students while planning and rendering services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betelhem Anteneh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Gondar, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Sewunet Admasu Belachew
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Gondar, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Alem Endeshaw
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Gondar, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdu Birhanu Wubneh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Gondar, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Barun Ranjan Sarkar
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Gondar, University of Gondar-College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hbibi A, Kasouati J, Charof R, Chaouir S, El Harti K. Evaluation of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Dental Students toward Occupational Blood Exposure Accidents at the End of the Dental Training Program. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018; 8:77-86. [PMID: 29629333 PMCID: PMC5853047 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_282_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding occupational blood exposure accidents (OBEA) among dental students at the end of the whole dental education program. Materials and Methods: The survey was performed using a student self-administered questionnaire during July 2015 in the dental teaching hospital in Rabat. It was conducted on 117 dental students registered in the 5th year. The results were analyzed by SPSS Software, Version 13.0. Univariate analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, and bivariate analysis was used to identify correlations between different variables. Results: Eighty-three students answered the questionnaire (participation rate: 70%). Most participants had incomplete knowledge about the management and the risks of OBEA. Thirty-five participants (42%) experienced at least one occupational exposure to patients' blood. Needle recapping has been the main cause of such injuries (41%). Most accidents occurred, respectively, in the oral surgery (51%) and the restorative dentistry (17%) departments. According to many participants, they had received insufficient education concerning this topic. Conclusions: More effective education on prevention and management of OBEA is highly recommended to reduce the prevalence of such injuries. Dental schools should set up a local management unit for following and supporting the exposed students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhadi Hbibi
- Dental Center of Bettana - Salé, Ministry of Health, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jalal Kasouati
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Reda Charof
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Souad Chaouir
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Karima El Harti
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Okoh M, Saheeb BD. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of post-exposure prophylaxis against blood-borne viral infection among dental surgeons in a teaching hospital. S Afr J Infect Dis 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/23120053.2016.1198079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
7
|
Aminde LN, Takah NF, Noubiap JJN, Tindong M, Ngwasiri C, Jingi AM, Kengne AP, Dzudie A. Awareness and low uptake of post exposure prophylaxis for HIV among clinical medical students in a high endemicity setting. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1104. [PMID: 26545721 PMCID: PMC4636782 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate knowledge and practices on post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV among health care providers are crucial for HIV prevention. However there is limited data on PEP knowledge and practice from developing countries where the burden of HIV infection continues to increase. We assessed the knowledge of clinical medical students on PEP, their practices in response to occupational exposure to HIV, as well as the determinants of good knowledge on PEP. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2014 involving 154 consecutively recruited clinical medical students (4th-6th year undergraduates). Data were acquired using a structured questionnaire. Knowledge on PEP was assessed using a questionnaire comprising 25 questions and categorized as: good (20 or more correct answers), moderate (13–19 correct answers) and poor (12 or fewer correct answers). Results For the 154 students included (57.8 % being male), the mean age was 23.2 ± 2.4 years, and 89 % had heard about PEP for HIV. The majority of students had moderate (61.7 %) and poor (32.5 %) knowledge on PEP. Overall knowledge score increased with increasing level of studies (p < 0.05). Only 10 (6.5 %) had had previous training on PEP, most of whom were senior level students (p = 0.01). Fifty-four students (35.1 %) knew the appropriate duration of PEP and this awareness increased with level of studies (p = 0.001). Of the 81 (52.6 %) who reported occupational exposure to HIV in the past, only 4 (4.9 %) received PEP. Conclusions Overall, knowledge on PEP among clinical medical students in this setting was non-optimal with very low uptake PEP. Intensification of HIV curricula to involve PEP as well as continuous medical education programs and workshops are potential avenues to improve awareness in this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Ndemnge Aminde
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy, Douala, B.P. 3480, Cameroon. .,Internal Medicine Unit & HIV Treatment Centre, District Hospital Nanga-Eboko, Nanga-Eboko, Cameroon.
| | - Noah F Takah
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy, Douala, B.P. 3480, Cameroon. .,Global Health Systems Solutions, Limbe, Cameroon.
| | - Jean Jacques N Noubiap
- Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Medical Diagnostic Center, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Maxime Tindong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
| | | | - Ahmadou M Jingi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy, Douala, B.P. 3480, Cameroon. .,Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy, Douala, B.P. 3480, Cameroon. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon. .,Department of Medicine, General Hospital Douala, Douala, Cameroon. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pavithran VK, Murali R, Krishna M, Shamala A, Yalamalli M, Kumar AV. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of needle stick and sharps injuries among dental professionals of Bangalore, India. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2015; 5:406-12. [PMID: 26539394 PMCID: PMC4606606 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.165932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A needle stick injury (NSI) is an accidental skin-penetrating stab wound from a hollow-bore needle containing another person's blood or body fluid. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including dental professionals are at an occupational risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens following NSIs and sharps injuries (SIs). A thorough understanding of the safe practices while handling needles and sharps is crucial for HCWs to create a risk-free work place environment. Aims and Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and prevalence of NSIs and SIs among dental professionals in a dental college at Bangalore. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in September 2012 using a structured, pretested, guided interview-based questionnaire that was administered to 200 dental professionals in a dental college at Bangalore to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, and self-report information of NSIs. Results: In the present study, 81.5% of dental professionals were vaccinated against hepatitis B. A total of 27.5% participants had an NSI during the previous 12 months. About 41.80% of NSIs occurred during device recapping. Most common reason for failure to report the incidents of NSIs, as declared by 29.09% of the participants, included the fear of being blamed or getting into trouble for having an NSI. Conclusion: The knowledge of dental professionals on NSIs and their preventive measures are inadequate; however, training on Universal Precaution Guidelines, protocols regarding post-exposure prophylaxis, and safety devices has to be provided to prevent such injuries in future among the dental professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha K Pavithran
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - R Murali
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - A Shamala
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Maanasi Yalamalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - A Vinod Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|