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Issrani R, Alruwaili DSR, Alruwaili RHG, Tasleem R, Almuaddi A, Abdelaziz KM, Alruwaili SMM, Alruwaili NSR, Bader AK, Khan ZA, Prabhu N. Patterns and associated factors of shisha usage among the undergraduate students of Jouf University, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-89. [PMID: 38807709 PMCID: PMC11131362 DOI: 10.18332/tid/186185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shisha tobacco use is gaining popularity around the world, especially among young people and college students. Shisha users are exposed to many of the same harmful substances as cigarette smokers but at much higher levels, which could have more serious adverse health impacts. The aims of this study were to: 1) determine the patterns of shisha smoking among university students in the Northern Province of Saudi Arabia; 2) identify the reasons for using shisha tobacco; and 3) ascertain whether usage of shisha smoking differs by their sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students of seven different colleges at a public university between October and December 2022. A modified version of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey questionnaire was used to collect information specifically on shisha smoking. After adjusting for confounding variables, a logistic regression analysis was used to determine the related factors. RESULTS A total of 418 participants were included in the study. Of the studied population, shisha smoking was seen in 73.7% (n=308). Out of 308 shisha smokers, 208 (67.5%) had their first session of shisha smoking within the past two years; 34.4% of participants had used it in the past 30 days (current users), of which 27.4% had smoked shisha from 1 to 7 days during the past 30 days. The majority of respondents (63.6%) reported having friends that smoke. The most popular flavor among respondents (24.6%) was apple. For quitting attempts, 46.4% reported a 24-hour quit attempt in the previous year. Stress (23.0%) was reported as the main reason for beginning shisha use. Shisha smoking was significantly associated with age (Ref. 18-20 years; 24-26 years, AOR=0.08; 95% CI: 0.02-0.33, p<0.001; ≥27 years, AOR=0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.62, p=0.01), living status (Ref. alone; with family, AOR=0.23; 95% CI: 0.11-0.47, p<0.001; with friends, AOR=0.36; 95% CI: 0.18-0.76, p<0.001), with parents having higher education level (Ref. primary school and lower; Bachelor's, AOR=0.33; 95% CI: 0.14-0.76, p<0.001; diploma, AOR=0.33; 95% CI: 0.15-0.73, p<0.001; PhD, AOR=5.15; 95% CI: 1.00-9.65, p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS Shisha use was more frequent among Saudi Arabian college students, especially those who were aged 18-20 years, living alone, and having highly educated parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Issrani
- College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Al-Jawf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Robina Tasleem
- College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Alzarea K. Bader
- College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Al-Jawf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar A. Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Frontier Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Namdeo Prabhu
- College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Al-Jawf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Danga AK, Rath PC. Human buccal epithelial cells as a model system for molecular analysis of DNA, RNA and protein. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102336. [PMID: 38461704 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
We report use of human buccal epithelial cells as an easy model system for isolation and molecular analysis of genomic DNA, RNA, and protein to study any gene of interest by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), RNA expression by Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), protein-profiling, and expression by western blot as well as DNA-methylation by Msp I/Hpa II-restriction digestion. We used simple methods to isolate genomic DNA, RNA and protein from human buccal cells collected by oral swab and cultured them in-vitro. The microscopic observation of haematoxylin and eosin (EA-50) stained cells, genomic PCR of house-keeping genes (GAPDH and β-actin), RT-PCR of GAPDH and β-actin mRNAs and whole cell protein-profiling by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were carried out. Expression of β-actin protein in supernatant and pellet fractions of the cells was determined by western blot analysis. MTT-assay was carried out to assess the cell viability and cell growth. Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP)-DNA was expressed in these cells by transient transfection. DNA-methylation in the genome was analyzed by Msp I/ Hpa II restriction digestion and agarose gel electrophoresis. Thus these methods can be used for molecular analysis of DNA, RNA and protein from the human buccal epithelial cells for studying and monitoring health, disease, population genetics/genomics and epidemiology under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Danga
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Pramod C Rath
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Ozdemir B, Ersahan S, Ozcelik F, Hepsenoglu YE, Sirin DA, Topbas C. Relationship of MMP-9 with the clinical course of apical periodontitis and the main bacterial species in the oral microbiota. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-023-00895-w. [PMID: 38252232 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial products, host immune cells and cytokines have been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP). This study aimed to determine the main bacterial species in the microbiota as gram positive and negative and to compare the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α with controlled patient groups. 60 patients with AP and extraction indication were included in the study. 30 systemically healthy volunteers without AP were selected as the control group. After access cavity preparation, an initial microbiologic sample (S1) was taken from the root canal. After atraumatic extraction of the tooth, a second microbial sample (S2) was taken from the extraradicular region. After bacterial DNA extraction, 16S rRNA gene primer was designed for sequence analysis. Bacterial community profiling was made by Sanger sequencing of the PCR products. In addition, serum MMP-9 and TNF-α levels were measured from all patients. TNF-α levels of the AP group were higher than the control group, while MMP-9 levels were found to be lower (p = 0.0264 and p = 0.0146, respectively). There was no difference in the main bacterial species isolated from the samples taken from the intracanal and extraradicular region of the tooth with AP (p = 0.714). The main bacterial species in the intracanal region of the tooth with AP are similar to the main bacterial species in the extraradicular region. The pathophysiology of the tooth with AP is associated with low MMP-9 and high TNF-α, independent of the bacterial species in the intracanal and extraradicular regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ozdemir
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul Medipol University, Birlik Mah. Bahçeler Cad. No: 5 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyda Ersahan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul Medipol University, Birlik Mah. Bahçeler Cad. No: 5 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Ozcelik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Department, Health Sciences University Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yelda Erdem Hepsenoglu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul Medipol University, Birlik Mah. Bahçeler Cad. No: 5 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dursun Ali Sirin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Celalettin Topbas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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AlJameel AH, AlSaleh LS, Bawazir NH, AlOmair AS, Almalki SA. How Mental Health Correlates with Subjective Oral Health Status: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Group of University Students. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1716-1722. [PMID: 38044778 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_330_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between subjective oral health status and mental illness in a group of university students in Riyadh City of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A self-report questionnaire collected data on demographics, subjective oral health and mental health. The Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scales were administered. Students' participation was voluntary. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS A total of 614 students participated in the study, 45.28% (n = 278) were males and 54.72% (n = 336) were females. Oral health status was assessed, and most participants rated their oral health status as good 53.75% (n = 330). This study also assessed mental health among the participants and found that 50.49% (n = 310) of students were suffering from different degrees of depression. Approximately, 46.74% (n = 247) of students reported experiencing certain degrees of generalized anxiety disorder. Mental disorders were significantly correlated with subjective oral health status, since participants who rated their oral health as poor or very poor tended to have higher PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. In conclusion, the findings showed a notable relationship between mental disorders and subjective oral health status among a group of university students. Therefore, the results can be used to help improve service provision, which would ultimately enhance students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H AlJameel
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - L S AlSaleh
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N H Bawazir
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlOmair
- Department of Internship, Dental Interns College of Dentistry, BDS, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Almalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Kuru Sönmez Ö, Yakut E, Çankal A. Factors affecting smoking: the case of students of a university in Turkey. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2144506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Kuru Sönmez
- Department of Management Information Systems, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Emre Yakut
- Department of Management Information Systems, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çankal
- Department of Management Information Systems, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
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Nigar S, Hassan S, Maqsood A, Ahmed N, Al-Askar M, Mokeem SA, Alqutub MN, Aldahian N, Alsagob EI, Almubarak AA, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. An assessment of unstimulated salivary flow rate, IgA and clinical oral dryness among active and passive smokers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2022; 35:39-51. [PMID: 34569554 PMCID: PMC10464801 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the impact of smoking on the whole salivary flow rate (SFR), IgA levels and clinical oral dryness (COD) among active and passive smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The participants were categorized as active smokers (N = 54) or passive smokers (N = 163). Saliva was collected in tubes and placed in ice storage at -70°C. Salivary IgA levels were assessed in duplication using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Following the saliva sample collection, the subjects were assessed for COD using the COD score, SFR and caries. Chi-square test, the t-test and ANOVA were employed to compare the clinical impact of the smoking status associated with specific variables (smoking status, number of cigarettes, active caries, gender, age, COD score, IgA level and SFR). A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Two hundred and seventeen subjects with the mean age of 32.86±6.30 years, with 145 males (66.8%) and 72 females (33.2%), were included in the study. Among the active smokers, 88.8% were males compared to 11.2% females. The active smokers had the mean age of 32.52 years, a COD score of 1.43, an IgA level of 1.39 g/l, and a SFR of 0.37 ml/min. Among the passive smokers, 59.5% were males and 40.5% were females, with the mean age of 32.97 years, a COD score of 0.87 g/l, an IgA level of 1.47, and a SFR of 0.42 ml/min. Active caries showed a positive correlation with the number of cigarettes, with significance in the >35 years age group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated significant differences in SFR, IgA and COD scores among the active and passive smokers. The number of cigarettes had a negative impact on saliva production, IgA levels, the oral health status, and the progression of caries with respect to age and gender. Smoking potentially leads to xerostomia associated with active caries. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(1):39-51.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeme Nigar
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Pathology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Hassan
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Department of Pathology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Maqsood
- Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Department of Oral Pathology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mansour Al-Askar
- King Saud University, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer A. Mokeem
- King Saud University, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Montaser N. Alqutub
- King Saud University, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Aldahian
- King Saud University, Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman I. Alsagob
- Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Preventive Dental Sciences Department, Community Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Almubarak
- King Saud University, Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- King Saud University, Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- King Saud University, Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cabov T, Eljuga K, Fuchs PN, Devcic MK, Prpic J, Kovac Z, Puharic Z, Glazar I, Zulec M. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Nursing and Technical Students in Croatia. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:102-108. [PMID: 34428841 PMCID: PMC8890930 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to test knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the students from the Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences in relation to oral health, and to determine the respectable differences between students of nursing and technical study programs. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Students were randomly selected to represent a convenient sample. A total of 140 students from nursing and technical studies were interviewed by using the World health organization Oral Health Questionnaire, adapted to fit the study purposes. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics were used to determine frequency distribution and percentages for all variables. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS The distribution of participants regarding gender was significantly different between the study programs (p = 0.000). Significant difference was also observed in their perceived socioeconomic status (p = 0.001). A significant difference was found between the study programs regarding the knowledge whether bad teeth could impair general health (p = 0.001), could tooth decay and periodontal disease may be prevented (p = 0.002), as well as the importance of regular dental check-ups for prevention of tooth decay (p = 0.028). There were significant differences regarding dietary habits and alcohol consumption in the past 30 days between the observed study programs (p = 0.000) while no significant differences were found regarding tobacco and tobacco product use (p = 0.170). CONCLUSION Results obtained and presented in this paper show better knowledge and more favorable habits and behaviors among the students from nursing study program compared with the technical ones. Still all students' habits should be changed to improve oral health. To change attitudes and influence habits, effective oral health promotion programs are needed; not only in colleges, but also in primary and secondary schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Cabov
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ksenija Eljuga
- Professional Study Nursing, Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences, Bjelovar, Croatia
| | - Petra Nola Fuchs
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Maja Kinkela Devcic
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jelena Prpic
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zoran Kovac
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Puharic
- Professional Study Nursing, Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences, Bjelovar, Croatia
| | - Irena Glazar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mirna Zulec
- Professional Study Nursing, Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences, Bjelovar, Croatia
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Dhami B, Thapaliya KB, Shrestha DK, Bhandari B, Gupta S. Periodontal Disease in Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021; 59:384-391. [PMID: 34508519 PMCID: PMC8369601 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.6463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss. Oral hygiene practices combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity disease free and maintain periodontal health. The primary objective was to find out the prevalence of periodontal disease of patients measured by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Community Periodontal Index. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Periodontics of a tertiary care dental hospital from April to June 2019 after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling and 183 sample size was calculated. Proforma included demographics, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Community Periodontal Index, body mass index, and smoking status. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and descriptive statistics were presented as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Results: Prevalence of periodontal disease corresponding to loss of attachment 1, 2, 3, and 4 was found to in 104 (56.83%) participants. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index score was 1.67±0.89 with “fair” status in majority 114 (62.30%). Gingivitis (Community Periodontal Index 1, 2) was seen in 136 (74.32%). The mean age was 36.37±14.43 years of which 92 (50.27%) were female but smoking was more in males. Conclusions: This study suggests deteriorating periodontal health related to age, sex, oral hygiene,
smoking, and BMI. As updated information on oral and periodontal health in Nepal is limited, this assessment would help the national policy makers on oral health intervention measures to prevent periodontitis and develop future programs to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhageshwar Dhami
- Department of Periodontics, Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | - Sujaya Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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Bojović MD, Kesić LG, Mitić AN, Kocić B, Obradović RR, Ignjatović A, Burić N, Jovanović M, Petrović MS. Oral Health-Related Risk Factors Among Students in Southeast Serbia. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929375. [PMID: 33596184 PMCID: PMC7898551 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An association between insufficient or irregular oral hygiene with the occurrence of dental caries, gingival/periodontal diseases, and consequently general diseases has been established. The null hypothesis that there is no difference in the oral health status among students in a preclinical medical program and those who went through a clinical medical program was tested. The main objective of the study was to analyze oral health risk factors (oral hygiene practices, attitudes, and behavior) as well as their impact on oral health by using convenience sampling. Material/Methods We investigated risk factors for oral health conditions by examining oral hygiene practices, attitudes, and behaviors among the students in the medical program of the University of Niš, collecting data using questionnaires. The study included 396 students of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and vocational studies. Participants filled out the anonymous questionnaire. Results In both groups, parents were mostly employed, with the representation of employed fathers significantly higher in student group 1 (P<0.05), which is also the only statistically significant difference between the groups. In terms of oral hygiene practices, students were most often trained by parents (68.69%). A very high percentage of students brushed their teeth every day (97.22%), and 54.55% did this twice a day. Of the total number of students, 78.28% thought that it was necessary to use interdental brushes/floss/toothpick. The duration of teeth cleaning was 3 minutes in 39.39%, whereas 55.30% thought that it should be longer than 3 minutes. The most common brushing movements were combined movements and were used by 60.35% of all students. Of all students, 253 (63.89%) never smoked, 182 (49.96%) regularly went to the dentist, and 141 (35.61%) visited the dentist 6 months ago. The majority of students, 265 (66.92%), obtained the greatest amount of information about oral and tooth care from their dentist, which was the case in both age groups. Conclusions This study highlights oral health risk factors among students at the University of Niš. It is essential to determine their oral health knowledge, as it is of great significance both to patients and to students. Also, these students will be the major providers of health services and will be responsible for public oral health promotion. It could help in reformation of the oral health education program. The results of this research indicate that it is necessary to educate preclinical students to solve oral health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija D Bojović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana G Kesić
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar N Mitić
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Biljana Kocić
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Radmila R Obradović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Ignjatović
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nina Burić
- Inter Dental Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Marija Jovanović
- Department of Prosthetics, Dental Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica S Petrović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Azodo C, Boi-Ukeme C. Relating oral hygiene, gingival, and periodontal status with nicotine dependence among smokers - A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Alotaibi SA, Alsuliman MA, Durgampudi PK. Smoking tobacco prevalence among college students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:35. [PMID: 31516478 PMCID: PMC6662783 DOI: 10.18332/tid/105843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the last two decades, several studies have been published regarding the prevalence of tobacco smoking among college students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This systematic review and meta-analysis is intended to determine and examine the smoking prevalence in Saudi college students from 2010-2018. METHODS PubMed, Science Direct, APA PsycNET, Web of Science, and CINAHL were used to search for published articles reporting the smoking prevalence among Saudi college students. After eliminating irrelevant articles, investigators independently assessed the quality of each article, based on Russell & Gregory guidelines. MetaXL software was used to calculate the pooled prevalence among included studies, using the IVhert model. Heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated, using I2 statistic. Sensitivity analyses were conducted between male and female genders. RESULTS Of the 295 published articles, 29 articles used a cross-sectional design to determine smoking prevalence among Saudi college students. Most of the studies were conducted in Riyadh at health-science-related colleges; the rest were performed in different cities and colleges. The meta-analysis showed that the pooled estimate of smoking prevalence among college students in the KSA was 17% (95% CI: 11-23%). Saudi male students had a prevalence rate of 26% (95% CI: 24-29%), whereas for Saudi female students the prevalence was 5% (95% CI: 3-7%). CONCLUSIONS Smoking among Saudi college students was higher than in the majority of regional countries (e.g. Iran). Saudi male students had a higher smoking prevalence than Saudi female college students. Additionally, studies that reported a high prevalence targeted students in specific disciplines. Public health authorities in the KSA should develop a surveillance system that monitors the prevalence of tobacco smoking on campuses. A surveillance system of monitoring tobacco use among Saudi college students could be beneficial in determining the degree of the tobacco problem and in improving current tobacco control programs.
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Reile R, Pärna K. Do physicians address their patients' smoking behavior? Results from a nationwide survey among physicians in Estonia. Public Health 2018; 161:1-4. [PMID: 29804054 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the factors that hinder physicians addressing patients' smoking behavior in Estonia where relatively high smoking among physicians has been previously reported. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Data from a nationwide cross-sectional postal survey of professionally active physicians in Estonia and multinomial logistic regression were used to explore the factors predicting the frequency (never vs always, often vs always) of addressing patients' smoking behavior. RESULTS The majority of physicians had asked about the smoking behavior of their patients either always (14.2%) or often (75.7%). Odds of never asking (10.1% of physicians) were higher for dentists, current smokers, and for those reporting lack of time, habit, or skills. Higher odds for less frequent (vs always) asking were found for male physicians, medical residents, and among those reporting lack of time and habit. CONCLUSIONS Addressing patients' smoking behavior is associated with physicians' demographic characteristics, specialty, and smoking status. Also, lack of time, habits, and skills are common barriers that need to be tackled for more efficient smoking cessation counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reile
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - K Pärna
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Sabnis R, Sahu K, Thakur D, Surana S, Mazhar H, Pandey S. Urban and rural disparity in tobacco use and knowledge about oral cancer among adolescents: An epidemiological survey on 12 and 15-year school going students. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 6:S226-S231. [PMID: 28217541 PMCID: PMC5285599 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.197200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: To assess and compare the tobacco use prevalence; to understand and compare attitudes and knowledge related to tobacco use and its health impact among urban and rural students; and to assess urban and rural disparity in the use of tobacco among 12 and 15-year-old adolescents in the urban and rural schools in Chhattisgarh, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 12 and 15-year-old and urban and rural school going children in Durg District. Scientifically, based on the data obtained from the pilot study, sample size was calculated. A total of 1000 children were selected to be a part of the study and were interviewed face-to-face using a detailed pretested, close-ended questionnaire. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 (SPSS Pvt. Ltd, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analyses. Results: Prevalence of tobacco consumption was 48.8%. Males were involved predominantly in consuming tobacco. The knowledge and attitude was better in the school children of urban areas than the school children of rural areas; more of the urban school children were involved in smoking cigarette. Rural children outnumbered urban children in the smokeless tobacco consumption. Conclusion: Prevalence of tobacco consumption among school children remains high with a wide disparity among urban and rural children. There is an urgent need to have a rural orientation in the National Tobacco Control Program that is currently being developed by the Government of India and giving relevance to the youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Sabnis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kamtaram Sahu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deepak Thakur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sanidhya Surana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Heena Mazhar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Soumy Pandey
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
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Ali DA. Assessment of oral health attitudes and behavior among students of Kuwait University Health Sciences Center. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:436-446. [PMID: 27891310 PMCID: PMC5109858 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.192943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aims of this study were to assess attitudes and behavior of oral health maintenance among students in four faculties (Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, and Allied Health) and to compare oral health attitudes and behavior of all students at Kuwait University Health Sciences Center (KUHSC) based on their academic level. MATERIALS AND METHODS Students enrolled in the Faculties of Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, and Allied Health at KUHSC were evaluated regarding their oral health attitudes and behavior by an e-mail invitation with a link to the Hiroshima University Dental Behavior Inventory survey that was sent to all 1802 students with Kuwait University Health Sciences Center e-mail addresses. The data were analyzed for frequency distributions, and differences among the groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. P values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). RESULTS The results of this study indicated that dental students achieved better oral health attitudes and behavior than that of their nondental professional fellow students (P < 0.05). Students in advanced academic levels and female students demonstrated better oral health attitudes and behavior. CONCLUSION Dental students and students who were in advanced levels of their training along with female students demonstrated better oral health practices and perceptions than students in lower academic levels and male students, respectively. Additional studies for investigating the effectiveness and identifying areas requiring modification within the dental curriculum at KUHSC may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena A Ali
- Department of General Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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