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Ansari Moghadam S, Abbaszade H, Sartipi M, Ansari Moghadam A. Evaluating the association between gingival crevicular blood glucose levels and finger capillary blood glucose levels according to periodontal status. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:86. [PMID: 38291508 PMCID: PMC10826020 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between gingival crevicular blood glucose levels (GCBG) and finger capillary blood glucose levels (FCBG) according to the periodontal status of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 80 patients were divided into 4 groups according to their periodontal status. In these patients, an area of the maxillary gingiva with the highest probing depth was selected for blood sampling. Blood glucose obtained from this area and the right fingertip was measured with a glucometer. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient with a significance threshold of 0.05. RESULTS The groups studied were matched in regard to their sex and age (P > 0.05). The average FCBG and GCBG were not significantly different according to periodontal status (P > 0.05). The correlation between the FCBG and the GCBG showed a significant positive correlation in the total number of participants (P < 0.05, r = 0.531). CONCLUSION The study observed a positive association between GCBG and FCBG. However, the relationship with periodontal status appeared to be relatively weak. Further research may be needed to determine the potential efficacy of GCBG in diabetes screening during periodontal examinations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Most patients with diabetes do not have proper periodontal health, so it may be helpful to screen for diabetes during periodontal examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Ansari Moghadam
- Department of Periodontology, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hanie Abbaszade
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Sartipi
- Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Science & Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
| | - Alireza Ansari Moghadam
- Department of Health, Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Devi OM, Sood S, Gupta J, Jain A. Prevalence and Severity of Periodontal Disease and its Association with Type-II Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking by Using Periodontal Screening and Recording: A Retrospective Study. Indian J Community Med 2024; 49:56-63. [PMID: 38425972 PMCID: PMC10900450 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_642_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal screening recording (PSR) is considered a quick, reliable, reproducible valuable screening tool for periodontal disease. This study aims to find the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and its association with self-reported diabetic status and smoking history of the patients by using PSR codes over a period of 2 years. Material and Methods This was a cross-sectional retrospective study in a dental hospital in Chandigarh. Data of 10,882 patients comprising self-reported history of smoking (893) and diabetes (725) patients were assessed for the prevalence of periodontal disease by using PSR codes. Pearson Chi-Square test was used for statistical evaluation of PSR codes data. Results Out of a total of 65,292 sextants assessed, the maximum and minimum reported PSR codes were 2 and 4, respectively. Gingivitis was found to be the most prevalent, followed by periodontitis and periodontal health in the total assessed population (P < 0.001). Mucogingival problems and complete edentulism were found to be more prevalent in posterior sextants in comparison to anterior sextants. Both self-reported smokers and type-II diabetes mellitus patients presented gingivitis as the most common clinical presentation, with the highest prevalence seen in the 55-74-year age group, which also comprised the group with maximum mucogingival problems and edentulism. Conclusion This study gives an overview of patients' general oral health status and reflects the burden of periodontal disease in the Chandigarh region, thus contributing to the national oral health data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oinam Monica Devi
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shaveta Sood
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jyoti Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Jain
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Gupta U, Dey P. The oral microbial odyssey influencing chronic metabolic disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-17. [PMID: 38145405 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2296346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the oral cavity is the gateway to the gut, oral microbes likely hold the potential to influence metabolic disease by affecting the gut microbiota. METHOD A thorough review of literature has been performed to link the alterations in oral microbiota with chronic metabolic disease by influencing the gut microbiota. RESULT A strong correlation exists between abnormalities in oral microbiota and several systemic disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity, which likely initially manifest as oral diseases. Ensuring adequate oral hygiene practices and cultivating diverse oral microflora are crucial for the preservation of general well-being. Oral bacteria have the ability to establish and endure in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to the development of prolonged inflammation and activation of the immune system. Oral microbe-associated prophylactic strategies could be beneficial in mitigating metabolic diseases. CONCLUSION Oral microbiota can have a profound impact on the gut microbiota and influence the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Kumar A, Nandkeoliar T. ADIOS. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:445-446. [PMID: 37781334 PMCID: PMC10538515 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_340_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Editor, Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, Professor and Head, Manipur, India
| | - Tanya Nandkeoliar
- Assistant Editor, Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) (An Autonomous Institute Under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Lamphelpat, Imphal - 795 004, Manipur, India. E-mail:
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Majo I, Manovijay B, Jacob M, Rajathi P, Fenn SM, Ravi S. A pilot study on the comparative evaluation of residual periodontal ligament in extracted teeth of chronic periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes - Vital function of an occult dimension. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:492-495. [PMID: 37781325 PMCID: PMC10538510 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_522_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is the most common type of periodontal condition, primarily affecting middle-aged people and resulting in tooth loss; when combined with diabetes, it becomes a debilitating condition. The aim of this study is to compare the residual periodontal ligament length in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes. Materials and Methods The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the department of periodontics over 5 months. The patients in the study were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised patients with periodontitis without type 2 diabetes and Group 2 comprised patients with periodontitis with type 2 diabetes. A total of 100 teeth 50 from each group were collected. The teeth were stained, and the Residual Periodontal Ligament (RPL) of all tooth aspects and surfaces to a total of 544 were measured. Two points were identified for measuring the RPL. The first point was from the apex of the tooth and the second point was the highest marking of the stain. The length from these two points was recorded as the RPL. Following which, means from Groups 1 and 2 were calculated to determine the rate of destruction. The average of the values for each tooth was calculated to determine the percentage of RPL in each tooth and surface. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the RPL of the teeth surfaces and Group 1 and Group 2 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The RPL was higher in nondiabetic patients, with a mean value of 23.66 mm, when compared to diabetic patients, with a mean RPL of 17.05 mm, implying that diabetic patients showed greater periodontal destruction. Buccal tooth surfaces displayed a mean RPL of 4.24 mm and 6.00 mm, lingual/palatal tooth surfaces with 4.02 mm and 5.91 mm, mesial tooth surfaces with 3.82 mm and 5.64 mm, and distal tooth surfaces showed 4.14 mm and 5.67 mm (diabetic and nondiabetic, respectively) with (P < 0.001) found to be statistically significant. Conclusion This study observed that the destruction rate of the periodontal ligament was higher in diabetic teeth than in nondiabetic teeth, implying that patients with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes influence the response of periodontal tissues to periodontitis and that hyperglycemia impacts the periodontal ligament either directly or indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Majo
- Department of Periodontology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Manovijay
- Department of Periodontology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathew Jacob
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Rajathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saramma Mathew Fenn
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saranyan Ravi
- Department of Periodontology, Vinayaka Mission’s Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Stojilković M, Gušić I, Prodanović D, Ilić M, Pecikozić N, Veljović T, Mirnić J, Đurić M. Awareness of physicians and dentists in Serbia about the association between periodontitis and systemic diseases: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:449. [PMID: 37408017 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence supports the association between periodontitis and certain systemic diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge of a group of physicians and dentists in Serbia regarding this topic and assess their professional actions to prevent and control both periodontal and systemic diseases. METHODS An anonymous self-administered structured questionnaire was sent to the available e-mail addresses of randomly selected healthcare providers working in Serbia. According to the inclusion criteria, general practitioners, specialists, general dentists, and specialists working in government hospitals and private practices in various cities in Serbia were recruited in the study. The questionnaire consisted of 17 questions divided into three parts. The first part recorded the sociodemographic characteristics of participants, the second part included questions about the clinical manifestation and etiology of periodontitis, as well as knowledge of the association between periodontitis and systemic diseases, and the third part included questions about professional procedures for the prevention and control of periodontitis and systemic diseases. RESULTS A total of 1301 health participants, 739 (57.8%) physicians and 562 (43.2%) dentists, were included in this cross-sectional study. Most respondents (94.7%) were aware of the association between periodontitis and general health. The highest percentage of respondents associated diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Factors significantly associated with higher knowledge were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-2.52; p < 0.001) and dental profession (OR, 5.86; 95% CI], 4.03-8.53; p < 0.001). Participants who had higher knowledge score were more likely to ask their patients about gum/systematic health (p < 0.001) and refer them to dentists/physicians (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that compared to the group of dentists, the group of physicians had less knowledge of the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases. The female gender was significantly associated with better knowledge. A better understanding of this topic is associated with better clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stojilković
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Gušić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dušan Prodanović
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Miloš Ilić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Nevena Pecikozić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Tanja Veljović
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mirnić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Milanko Đurić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Patel C, Dave B, Patel R, Kumar S, Dattani V, Joshi S, Haque M. Gingival Crevicular Blood Glucose as a Novel Method for Screening Diabetes Mellitus in Periodontally Compromised Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e39444. [PMID: 37250602 PMCID: PMC10224709 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with periodontitis are significantly more likely to have undetected diabetes mellitus (DM). Self‑monitoring devices like glucometers provide a simple method for rapid monitoring of the glucose level in blood by utilizing a blood sample from the finger, but this method requires puncturing to obtain blood. Bleeding from the gingival sulcus, obtained during oral hygiene examination, can be utilized for screening DM patients. Therefore, this study was performed with the aim of determining the efficacy of gingival crevicular blood as a non-invasive screening method for DM patients, as well as correlating and comparing gingival crevicular blood glucose (GCBG) levels with finger capillary blood glucose (FCBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) among non-diabetic and diabetic group patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional comparative study, a total of 120 participants having moderate to severe gingivitis/periodontitis with an age range of 40 to 65 years were divided into two groups on the basis of FBG range taken from an antecubital vein: non-diabetic (≤126, n=60) and diabetic (≥126, n=60) groups. Blood oozing during the routine periodontal examination from the periodontal pocket was recorded using a test strip of a glucose self-monitoring device (AccuSure®Simple) as GCBG. Concomitantly FCBG was collected from the fingertip. These three parameters were statistically analyzed using the Student's t-test and the one-way ANOVA test and correlated with Pearson's correlation coefficient for both groups. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation for the three parameters GCBG, FBG, and FCBG were 93.78±12.03, 89.98±13.22, and 93.08±15.56, respectively, for the non-diabetic group and 154.52±45.05, 159±47.00, and 162.23±50.60 subsequently for the diabetic group. Comparing glucose level parameters among the non-diabetic and diabetic groups suggests a significant difference with the p-value <0.001*(inter-group). ANOVA test was done for both groups suggesting no significant difference among these three methods of measuring blood glucose level, where the p-value found was 0.272 for the non-diabetic and 0.665 for the diabetic group (intra-group comparison). Pearson's correlation values suggested a good positive correlation for the non-diabetic group, with parameters GCBG and FBG (r=0.864), GCBG and FCBG (r=0.936), and FBG and FCBG (r=0.837). The diabetic group's Pearson's correlation suggested a highly significant positive correlation between three different methods in which GCBG and FBG (r=0.978), GCBG and FBG (r=0.977), and FBG and FCBG (r= 0.982). CONCLUSION Blood oozing from the periodontal pocket during routine oral hygiene examination can be utilized by dental healthcare professionals to screen pre-diabetic patients which can be used as a simple and less invasive method for DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Patel
- Department of Periodontology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Periodontology, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Bela Dave
- Department of Periodontology, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Romil Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. M.K. Shah Medical College and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Vidhi Dattani
- Department of Periodontology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Surabhi Joshi
- Department of Periodontology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Department Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
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Kumar A, Grover V, Satpathy A, Jain A, Grover HS, Khatri M, Kolte A, Dani N, Melath A, Chahal GS, Thomas B, Pradeep AR, Pandit N, Pillai BRM, Manjunath RGS, Nandkeoliar T, Puri K, Singhal R, Dodwad V, Bhardwaj A, Thakur R, Jalaluddin M, Boyapati R, Singh MK, Bansal M. ISP good clinical practice recommendations for gum care. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:4-30. [PMID: 36873963 PMCID: PMC9979817 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_561_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is vital for the general well-being, overall body health and the quality of life throughout our lifetime. Most of the oral diseases and conditions are largely related to the maintenance of oral hygiene, lacking that people suffer from diverse oral diseases at different times in their life. With greater life expectancy, the individuals have teeth involved with periodontal diseases that would not only require professional care but also home gum care for them to last a lifetime. Indian Society of Periodontology (ISP) has recognized the need for systematic documents to update everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and have provided evidence-based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health-related awareness and standards of oral healthcare delivery across the country. The current set of clinical practice recommendations focused to "Gum Care for All", is aimed at emphasizing and enhancing the awareness regarding oral health promotion, maintenance, and disease prevention. Twenty-five subject matter experts from across the nation, prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three distinct sections, namely pretherapeutic, therapeutic, and post therapeutic, to provide guidance during the respective phases of patient management and may serve as a quick and concise reference to the readers. The guidelines shall provide the distinct definitions, signs and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, home care advice regarding maintenance of oral hygiene including information on brushing technique, care and change of brush, use of interdental aids, and mouthwashes, etc. The document should advocate and guide the combined efforts of general dentists, and the population at large toward an empowered, evidence based, integrated, and comprehensive oral health care, which shall enhance the healthful functioning and longevity of the dentition and general health of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Vishakha Grover
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anurag Satpathy
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ashish Jain
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Manish Khatri
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay Kolte
- Department of Periodontics, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, India
| | | | - Anil Melath
- Department of Periodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Puducherry, India
| | - Gurparkash Singh Chahal
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Biju Thomas
- Department of Periodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, India
| | - Avni Raju Pradeep
- Department of Periodontology, The Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nymphea Pandit
- Department of Periodontology, D.A.V Dental College and Hospital, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | | | - R. G. Shiva Manjunath
- Department of Periodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanya Nandkeoliar
- Department of Periodontology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Komal Puri
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, PDM University, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India
| | - Rameshwari Singhal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vidya Dodwad
- Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Amit Bhardwaj
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Roshani Thakur
- Department of Periodontics, Saraswati Dhanvantari Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohammad Jalaluddin
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ramanarayana Boyapati
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mansi Bansal
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chuykin SV, Akatyeva GG, Malievsky OA, Makusheva NV, Bayburina EK, Kuchuk KN, Chuykin GL, Petrova EA. Analysis of dental status in children with type I diabetes mellitus: a literature review. Pediatr Dent 2022. [DOI: 10.33925/1683-3031-2022-22-3-236-243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Relevance. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most complex metabolic chronic diseases. Severe forms of type I diabetes mellitus are more common in children and adolescents, and its prevalence is increasing in many countries. Type I diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents remains an essential health issue in many countries despite the achieved scientific and practical results and progress in diabetology. Therefore, its early detection in children is still relevant and is associated with the early diagnosis of endocrinolog ical pathologies.Materials and methods. The study searched the publications in PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), Medline (www.elibrary.ru, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) by the specific keywords.Results. In children with diabetes mellitus, vascular changes in periodontal tissues appear earlier than in other organs. On oral examination of children with diabetes mellitus, 50% of cases reveal periodontal lesions, and the lesions are often in the areas of the lower molars. If not treated, the following perio-dontitis signs are present in diabetic children: bleeding of the gingival papillae and the bright red colour of the gingival margin. There may be bulging of granulations from pathological gingival pockets. In most patients with type I diabetes mellitus, cytology of the periodontal pockets and gingival sulci demonstrated inflammatory cytologic responses, changes in the stratified squamous epithelium, and mixed bacterial microflora with leukocytes and erythrocytes.Conclusion. The study of type I diabetes mellitus impact on pathological changes in the oral cavity of children and the development of therapeutic and preventive measures is a relevant issue in pediatric dentistry, which justifies the need to continue research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - O. A. Malievsky
- Bashkir State Medical University; Republican Children's Clinical Hospital
| | | | | | - K. N. Kuchuk
- Bashkir State Medical University; Republican Children's Clinical Hospital
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Periodontitis, Metabolic and Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases: Current Perspectives on Possible Pathogenic Connections. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030341. [PMID: 35330341 PMCID: PMC8955434 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive research conducted over the past decades has shown that there is a definite connection between periodontal and systemic conditions, leading to the development and consolidation of the “periodontal medicine” concept. The 2018 classification of periodontal conditions uses this concept as a key element of the precise diagnosis of and individualized therapeutical protocols for periodontitis patients. The topic of this review is the pathogenic connections that exist between periodontal disease and metabolic/digestive tract conditions. It is important to remember that the oral cavity is a key element of the digestive tract and that any conditions affecting its integrity and function (such as periodontitis or oral cancer) can have a significant impact on the metabolic and gastrointestinal status of a patient. Thus, significant diseases with links to metabolic or digestive disruptions were chosen for inclusion in the review, such as diabetes mellitus, hepatic conditions and gastric cancers. Periodontal pathogenic mechanisms share several significant elements with these conditions, including mutual pro-inflammatory mediators, bacterial elements and genetic predisposition. Consequently, periodontal screening should be recommended for affected patients, and conversely, periodontitis patients should be considered for careful monitoring of their metabolic and digestive status.
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11
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George AK, Narayan V, Kurian N, Joseph AE, Anil S. A pilot study on glycemia and insulin resistance in patients with severe periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:393-398. [PMID: 34667381 PMCID: PMC8452164 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_419_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: The potential impact of severe periodontitis on glycemia in systemically healthy individuals is not clearly established. It was hypothesized that among individuals who were previously undiagnosed for diabetes mellitus, patients with severe periodontitis have impaired glycemia and insulin resistance. Aims: The aim of our study was to assess and compare glycemia in severe periodontitis patients and in individuals with clinically healthy periodontium. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional analytical design was employed. From among individuals who were undiagnosed for diabetes mellitus, 37 patients with severe periodontitis and 37 individuals with healthy periodontium in the age group of 25–55 years were recruited for the study. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin resistance by the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed and compared between the two groups. Results: The mean FBS, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c were significantly higher for patients with severe periodontitis than those individuals with healthy periodontium. After adjustments for age, gender, and body mass index, patients with severe periodontitis had a statistically significant association with impaired glucose metabolism (HbA1c ≥5.7) (adjusted odds ratio [OR] of 9.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.819–46.08; P < 0.01). Furthermore, patients with severe periodontitis had significantly greater odds to develop impaired fasting glucose (adjusted OR of 7.489, 95% CI: 1.408–39.839; P < 0.01). Conclusions: The mean FBS, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in severe periodontitis patients than in the control group. A higher proportion of patients presented with prediabetes, incident diabetes, and insulin resistance in the severe periodontitis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Kitty George
- Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Vivek Narayan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Nisha Kurian
- Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Annu Elizabeth Joseph
- Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Dentistry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Oral Health Institute, College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Borgnakke WS, Poudel P. Diabetes and Oral Health: Summary of Current Scientific Evidence for Why Transdisciplinary Collaboration Is Needed. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.709831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This Perspective provides a brief summary of the scientific evidence for the often two-way links between hyperglycemia, including manifest diabetes mellitus (DM), and oral health. It delivers in a nutshell examples of current scientific evidence for the following oral manifestations of hyperglycemia, along with any available evidence for effect in the opposite direction: periodontal diseases, caries/periapical periodontitis, tooth loss, peri-implantitis, dry mouth (xerostomia/hyposalivation), dysbiosis in the oral microbiome, candidiasis, taste disturbances, burning mouth syndrome, cancer, traumatic ulcers, infections of oral wounds, delayed wound healing, melanin pigmentation, fissured tongue, benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue), temporomandibular disorders, and osteonecrosis of the jaw. Evidence for effects on quality of life will also be reported. This condensed overview delivers the rationale and sets the stage for the urgent need for delivery of oral and general health care in patient-centered transdisciplinary collaboration for early detection and management of both hyperglycemia and oral diseases to improve quality of life.
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13
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Haque M, Akter F. Smash of diabetes mellitus on smile. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_68_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ahmad R, Haque M. Oral Health Messiers: Diabetes Mellitus Relevance. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3001-3015. [PMID: 34234496 PMCID: PMC8257029 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s318972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article aims to narrate the various oral complications in individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus. Google search for "diabetes mellitus and oral complications" was done. The search was also carried out for "diabetes mellitus" and its oral complications individually. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that is a global epidemic and a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the world today. Currently, there are about 422 million cases of diabetes mellitus worldwide. Diabetic patients can develop different complications in the body such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular disease. Complications in the oral cavity have been observed in individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus. A study noted that more than 90% of diabetic patients suffered from oral complications. Another research has shown a greater prevalence of oral mucosal disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus than non-diabetic population: 45-88% in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to 38.3-45% in non-diabetic subjects and 44.7% in type 1 diabetic individuals compared to 25% in the non-diabetic population. Oral complications in people with diabetes are periodontal disease, dental caries, oral infections, salivary dysfunction, taste dysfunction, delayed wound healing, tongue abnormalities, halitosis, and lichen planus. The high glucose level in saliva, poor neutrophil function, neuropathy, and small vessel damage contribute to oral complications in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes. Good oral health is imperative for healthy living. Oral complications cause deterioration to the quality of life in diabetic patients. Complications like periodontal disease having a bidirectional relationship with diabetes mellitus even contribute to increased blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. This article intends to promote awareness regarding the oral health of diabetics and to stress the importance of maintaining proper oral hygiene, taking preventive measures, early detection, and appropriate management of oral complications of these patients through a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mainul Haque
- The Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: Mainul Haque The Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia Email
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