1
|
Palo S. A Simplified Method of Manually Constructing Small Format Tissue Microarray for Use in Resource-Constrained Settings. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:210-216. [PMID: 37600580 PMCID: PMC10439750 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2023.562055.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective Tissue microarray (TMA) is a method of harvesting small tissue cores from a number of donor paraffin tissue blocks and arraying them in a recipient paraffin block. It has numerous advantages and applications but is expensive. This study aimed to develop a simple yet efficient method of manual, small-format TMA block construction. Methods Disposable skin punch biopsy needles were used to manually core out 4-mm cylinders from the archival donor blocks comprising tissue from 60 thyroidectomy specimens. These cores were oriented in the embedding cassette in accordance with the grid design. The molten wax was slowly dispensed and allowed to be set. Sectioning, mounting, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed by a conventional method. Immunohistochemical studies, using HBME-1, CK19, and S100 antibodies, were also performed on these tissue array sections. Results There was no core loss during processing. Technical issues like core tilt and floatation were easily tackled. Morphological identification, histological typing, and immunohistochemical analysis could be satisfactorily performed in these TMA sections. Donor blocks did not break after punching. Conclusion This TMA construction method is simple, feasible, easily reproducible, and time-saving. It can serve as an excellent cost-effective alternative for resource-poor laboratories for carrying out immunohistochemical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seetu Palo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pazaitis N, Kaiser A. TMA-Mate: An open-source modular toolkit for constructing tissue microarrays of arbitrary layouts. HARDWAREX 2023; 14:e00419. [PMID: 37128356 PMCID: PMC10148229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical research and quality control procedures often demand a variety of microscopic analysis of numerous formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from different individuals of both healthy and diseased regions of interest. Depending on the number of samples to be analyzed, conventional processing of each FFPE block separately can be laborious or impracticable. This effort can be drastically reduced by using tissue microarrays (TMAs). TMAs have a wide range of applications and can be considered as a high-throughput method to process up to hundreds of miniaturized tissue samples simultaneously on a single microscopy slide, in order to reduce labor, costs and sample consumption, and to increase results comparability. Several commercial and self-made solutions to fabricate TMAs with varying degrees of automation are available. However, these solutions may not be suitable for every situation, either due to high costs, high complexity, lack of precision or lack of flexibility, especially when diagnostically oriented pathology institutes or laboratories with constrained resources are considered. This article introduces the TMA-Mate, an open-source 3D printable modular toolkit for constructing high-density TMAs of arbitrary layouts, providing an affordable, lightweight, and accessible procedure to implement TMAs into existing histology processing pipelines. Step-by-step demonstrations for replicating the hardware and constructing TMAs are included.
Collapse
|
3
|
Qin P, Li L, Zhao L, Bian P, Xiong Z. Constructing high-density tissue microarrays with a novel method and a self-made tissue-arraying instrument. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154430. [PMID: 37060823 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue microarrays (TMAs), also called tissue chips, contain hundreds to thousands of tissue cores obtained from different tissue donor blocks. By using TMA technology, a molecular marker, such as protein, RNA or DNA, can be simultaneously examined in hundreds of different specimens under the same experimental conditions. A growing number of previous studies have introduced different methods for constructing TMAs. Many authors tried to use various methods to implant more tissue cores in a single recipient block, and most of these methods involved reducing the diameter of the tissue cores and/or the spacing between adjacent tissue cores. However, when creating TMAs, it is difficult to reduce the distance between tissue cores to zero except with extremely expensive automatic TMA arrayers. Here, we introduce a novel method to construct a high-density TMA that does not have spacing between the tissue cores. We also introduce a method for preparing a self-made tissue-arraying instrument. With this method and the tissue-arraying instrument, we successfully created a TMA containing 126 tissue cores that were 2 mm in diameter. H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed on the sections cut from the TMA without any tissue spot loss. This method is easy to operate, and the materials for creating the tissue-arraying instrument are inexpensive and can be purchased anywhere. Therefore, this method can be applied in all laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China
| | - Liu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China
| | - Piaopiao Bian
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China
| | - Zhongtang Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
PD-L1 Expression in High-Grade Serous and Clear Cell Ovarian Cancer. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Jovanović L, Nikolić A, Dragičević S, Jović M, Janković R. Prognostic relevance of autophagy-related markers p62, LC3, and Beclin1 in ovarian cancer. Croat Med J 2022; 63. [PMID: 36325670 PMCID: PMC9648085 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2022.63.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the expression of autophagy markers p62, LC3, and Beclin1 in ovarian cancer tissue and evaluate the prognostic potential of these markers. METHODS The study enrolled 328 patients: 122 with epithelial ovarian carcinoma, 42 with atypical proliferative tumor, and 164 with benign epithelial ovarian tumor. The expression of p62, LC3, and Beclin1 was analyzed in central and invasive tumor segments with immunohistochemistry combined with tissue microarray. The expression levels of the analyzed markers were correlated with relevant histopathology parameters. RESULTS The expression of all analyzed markers was most remarkable in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. There was a strong positive correlation between the expressions of p62 and LC3, while these two markers negatively correlated with Beclin1. High-grade serous carcinoma had higher p62 and LC3 levels, and lower Beclin1 levels than other tumor types. This expression profile was also observed in more advanced tumor stages. CONCLUSION Prominent p62 and LC3 expression in combination with weak Beclin1 expression in high-grade serous carcinoma indicates potential for the application of autophagy inhibitors in patients with this tumor subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ljubiša Jovanović
- Department of Pathology and Medical Cytology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Nikolić
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Dragičević
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Jović
- Institute of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Janković
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
PD-L1 Expression in Different Segments and Histological Types of Ovarian Cancer According to Lymphocytic Infiltrate. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57121309. [PMID: 34946254 PMCID: PMC8703734 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecological tumors. PD-1/PD-L1 immunoregulatory mechanism is activated in ovarian cancers. Lymphocyte infiltration is a significant factor that affects its expression. We analyzed the correlation between localization of lymphocytic infiltrate and PD-L1 expression in epithelial ovarian tumors. Materials and Methods: PD-L1 expression was analyzed in 328 subjects, 122 with epithelial ovarian carcinoma, 42 with atypical proliferative tumor, and 164 with benign epithelial ovarian tumor. Expression in central and invasive tumor parts in epithelial ovarian carcinoma was combined with the most pronounced lymphocyte reaction. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using the tissue microarray and correlated with a set of histopathology parameters. Results: PD-L1 expression was most prominent in epithelial ovarian carcinoma with different levels of expression observed between invasive and central tumor segments. A high level of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was more frequently present in the invasive than in the central tumor parts (p < 0.001) only in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). There was no significant correlation between peritumoral lymphocytic infiltrate and PD-L1 expression regardless of tumor segment. In the central tumor parts of HGSC, there was a correlation of intratumoral lymphocytic infiltrate with a higher level of PD-L1 expression (p = 0.003). Conclusions: The most prominent PD-L1 expression was observed in the invasive tumor parts of HGSC. Only the central parts of the HGSC exhibited significant PD-L1 expression in association with considerable intratumoral lymphocytic infiltrate.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hacısalihoğlu UP, Dogan MA. Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2 protein and Ki-67 proliferation index in breast carcinoma in both tumor tissue and tissue microarray. Biotech Histochem 2021; 97:298-305. [PMID: 34519589 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2021.1973102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment is tailored to molecular subtypes, which are classified by cell type and by presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2 overexpression and Ki-67 proliferation index. In routine pathological practice, these markers are detected in tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry, which requires four immunohistochemical antibodies for each patient. We developed a new tissue microarray procedure using a punch device with a 6 mm core diameter. The presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2 expression and the Ki-67 proliferation index of tumor tissues of 50 breast carcinoma patients had been determined using the conventional approach. We created three tissue microarray blocks, each containing samples from 14 main tumor tissues. One tissue microarray block was created with samples taken from eight main tumor tissues. Sections were cut from the four blocks and subjected to immunohistochemical staining; the original samples and the microarrays then were compared. We found significant agreement between estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER-2 expression as well as Ki-67 proliferation index status of the original tumor tissues and the tissue microarray. Our tissue microarray technique using a single 6 mm core is a reliable and cost-effective method for determining estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER-2 status and Ki-67 proliferation index levels in patients with early breast carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U P Hacısalihoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M A Dogan
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sexton T, Kucera GL, Levine EA, Watabe K, O'Neill SS. Optimization of Tissue Microarrays from Banked Human Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded Tissues in the Cancer Research Setting. Biopreserv Biobank 2019; 17:452-457. [PMID: 31194582 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2019.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissue microarray (TMA) is a powerful tool for cancer biomarker discovery and validation. Tens to hundreds of samples can be evaluated simultaneously for molecular marker status at the protein or nucleic acid level. Although fully automated or semiautomated technologies for TMA creation provide excellent precision with respect to core transfer, they do not obviate the need for technical expertise to successfully generate high-quality TMA blocks and derivative sections. We have leveraged our expanding bank of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded paired tumor and normal tissues in our academic cancer center to provide a rich source of input material for cancer research TMAs. In this study, we report a stepwise optimization of TMA generation parameters, including paraffin wax selection, tempering protocol, and sectioning conditions, to achieve the best ribbon sectioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Sexton
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Gregory L Kucera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Edward A Levine
- Surgical Oncology Service, Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Stacey S O'Neill
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Tissue microarray (TMA) is a widely used, high-throughput, cost-effective, and tissue and reagent-conserving method of performing molecular analysis. Multiple donor tissue cores are procured and transferred into a recipient TMA block for simultaneous differential and comparative molecular profiling under theoretically identical performance conditions. Described herein is a discussion of the theory behind the TMA, an overview of the concepts and principles of TMA design and construction, a brief summary of its advantages and disadvantages, and a sample protocol of TMA construction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Koo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jill M Squires
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daphne Ying
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Elkablawy MA, Albasri AM. High quality tissue miniarray technique using a conventional TV/radio telescopic antenna. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:1129-33. [PMID: 25735343 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.3.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tissue microarray (TMA) is widely accepted as a fast and cost-effective research tool for in situ tissue analysis in modern pathology. However, the current automated and manual TMA techniques have some drawbacks restricting their productivity. Our study aimed to introduce an improved manual tissue miniarray (TmA) technique that is simple and readily applicable to a broad range of tissue samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a conventional TV/radio telescopic antenna was used to punch tissue cores manually from donor paraffin embedded tissue blocks which were pre-incubated at 40oC. The cores were manually transferred, organized and attached to a standard block mould, and filled with liquid paraffin to construct TmA blocks without any use of recipient paraffin blocks. RESULTS By using a conventional TV/radio antenna, it was possible to construct TmA paraffin blocks with variable formats of array size and number (2-mm x 42, 2.5-mm x 30, 3-mm x 24, 4-mm x 20 and 5-mm x 12 cores). Up to 2-mm x 84 cores could be mounted and stained on a standard microscopic slide by cutting two sections from two different blocks and mounting them beside each other. The technique was simple and caused minimal damage to the donor blocks. H and E and immunostained slides showed well-defined tissue morphology and array configuration. CONCLUSIONS This technique is easy to reproduce, quick, inexpensive and creates uniform blocks with abundant tissues without specialized equipment. It was found to improve the stability of the cores within the paraffin block and facilitated no losses during cutting and immunostaining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Elkablawy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufyia University, Shibeen Elkom, Egypt E-mail :
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sfacteria A, Perillo L, Macrì F, Lanteri G, Rifici C, Mazzullo G. Peripheral nerve sheath tumor invading the nasal cavities of a 6-year-old female Pointer dog. Vet Q 2015; 35:170-3. [PMID: 25870014 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Barrette
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost J van den Oord
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Garmyn
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Choi SJ, Choi YI, Kim L, Park IS, Han JY, Kim JM, Chu YC. Preparation of compact agarose cell blocks from the residues of liquid-based cytology samples. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 48:351-60. [PMID: 25366070 PMCID: PMC4215960 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2014.48.5.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Inevitable loss of diagnostic material should be minimized during cell block preparation. We introduce a modified agarose cell block technique that enables the synthesis of compact cell blocks by using the entirety of a cell pellet without the loss of diagnostic material during cell block preparations. The feasibility of this technique is illustrated by high-throughput immunocytochemistry using high-density cell block microarray (CMA). Methods The cell pellets of Sure- Path residues were pre-embedded in ultra-low gelling temperature agarose gel and re-embedded in standard agarose gel. They were fixed, processed, and embedded in paraffin using the same method as tissue sample processing. The resulting agarose cell blocks were trimmed and represented on a CMA for high-throughput analysis using immunocytochemical staining. Results The SurePath residues were effectively and entirely incorporated into compact agarose cell buttons and embedded in paraffin. Sections of the agarose cell blocks revealed cellularities that correlated well with corresponding SurePath smears and had immunocytochemical features that were sufficient for diagnosis of difficult cases. Conclusions This agarose-based compact cell block technique enables preparation of high-quality cell blocks by using up the residual SurePath samples without loss of diagnostic material during cell block preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jin Choi
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yeon Il Choi
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Lucia Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - In Suh Park
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jee Young Han
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Joon Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Chae Chu
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang H, Peluso D, Hussain S, Shipitsin M, Blume-Jensen P. Optimizing tissue microarray construction procedure to improve quality of sections. J Histotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/2046023614y.0000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
15
|
Overview on Techniques to Construct Tissue Arrays with Special Emphasis on Tissue Microarrays. MICROARRAYS 2014; 3:103-36. [PMID: 27600339 PMCID: PMC5003444 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays3020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of new histopathological staining techniques (histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization) and the discovery of thousands of new genes, mRNA, and proteins by molecular biology, the need grew for a technique to compare many different cells or tissues on one slide in a cost effective manner and with the possibility to easily track the identity of each specimen: the tissue array (TA). Basically, a TA consists of at least two different specimens per slide. TAs differ in the kind of specimens, the number of specimens installed, the dimension of the specimens, the arrangement of the specimens, the embedding medium, the technique to prepare the specimens to be installed, and the technique to construct the TA itself. A TA can be constructed by arranging the tissue specimens in a mold and subsequently pouring the mold with the embedding medium of choice. In contrast, preformed so-called recipient blocks consisting of the embedding medium of choice have punched, drilled, or poured holes of different diameters and distances in which the cells or tissue biopsies will be deployed manually, semi-automatically, or automatically. The costs of constructing a TA differ from a few to thousands of Euros depending on the technique/equipment used. Remarkably high quality TAs can be also achieved by low cost techniques.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee HW, Ha SY, Roh MS. Altered Expression of PTEN and Its Major Regulator MicroRNA-21 in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 48:17-23. [PMID: 24627690 PMCID: PMC3950230 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2014.48.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten (PTEN) is one of the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressors in various tumor types. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) may affect tumor progression by post-transcriptional repression of expression of tumor suppressors, such as PTEN. This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of PTEN expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) tumors and to analyze the relationship between PTEN and miR-21 expressions. Methods Expressions of PTEN and miR-21 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively, in 75 resected pulmonary NE tumors (23 typical carcinoids [TCs], nine atypical carcinoids [ACs], 22 large cell NE carcinomas [LCNECs], and 21 small cell lung carcinomas [SCLCs]). Results Loss of PTEN expression was observed in four of 23 TCs (17.4%), four of nine ACs (44.4%), 16 of 22 LCNECs (72.7%) and nine of 21 SCLCs (42.9%) (p=.025). The expression level of miR-21 was significantly higher in high-grade NE carcinomas than in carcinoid tumors (p<.001). PTEN expression was inversely correlated with miR-21 expression (p<.001). Conclusions This study suggests that aberrant expression of PTEN in relation to miR-21 may represent an important step in the development and progression of pulmonary NE tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoun Wook Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Ha
- Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mee Sook Roh
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim KH, Choi SJ, Choi YI, Kim L, Park IS, Han JY, Kim JM, Chu YC. In-house Manual Construction of High-Density and High-Quality Tissue Microarrays by Using Homemade Recipient Agarose-Paraffin Blocks. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 47:238-44. [PMID: 23837016 PMCID: PMC3701819 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2013.47.3.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Self-made tissue punches can be effectively used to punch holes in blank recipient paraffin blocks and extract tissue cores from the donor paraffin blocks for the low-cost construction of tissue microarrays (TMAs). However, variable degrees of section distortion and loss of the tissue cores can occurs during cutting of the TMAs, posing technical problems for in-house manual construction of high-density TMAs. We aimed to update the method for in-house manual TMA construction to improve the quality of high-density TMAs. Methods Blocks of agarose gel were subjected to the standard tissue processing and embedding procedure to prepare recipient agarose-paraffin blocks. The self-made tissue punches and recipient agarose-paraffin blocks were used to construct TMAs, which were completely melted and re-embedded in paraffin to make finished TMA blocks. Results The donor tissue cores were completely integrated into the surrounding paraffin of the recipient blocks. This method enabled us to construct high-density TMAs with significantly less section distortion or loss of tissue cores during microtomy. Conclusions Simple and inexpensive construction of high-density and high-quality TMAs can be warranted by using paraffinized agarose gels as recipient blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|