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Lin CH, Chin Y, Zhou M, Sobol RW, Hung MC, Tan M. Protein lipoylation: mitochondria, cuproptosis, and beyond. Trends Biochem Sci 2024:S0968-0004(24)00096-3. [PMID: 38714376 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Protein lipoylation, a crucial post-translational modification (PTM), plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial function and emerges as a key player in cell death through cuproptosis. This novel copper-driven cell death pathway is activated by excessive copper ions binding to lipoylated mitochondrial proteins, disrupting energy production and causing lethal protein aggregation and cell death. The intricate relationship among protein lipoylation, cellular energy metabolism, and cuproptosis offers a promising avenue for regulating essential cellular functions. This review focuses on the mechanisms of lipoylation and its significant impact on cell metabolism and cuproptosis, emphasizing the key genes involved and their implications for human diseases. It offers valuable insights into targeting dysregulated cellular metabolism for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School and Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming Tan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Bossio S, Perri A, Gallo R, De Bartolo A, Rago V, La Russa D, Di Dio M, La Vignera S, Calogero AE, Vitale G, Aversa A. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Reduces Cell Growth, Inhibits Autophagy, and Counteracts Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion: Evidence from In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17111. [PMID: 38069431 PMCID: PMC10707055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural antioxidant dithiol compound, exerting antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects in various cancer cell lines. In our study, we demonstrated that ALA reduces the cell growth of prostate cancer cells LNCaP and DU-145. Western blot results revealed that in both cancer cells, ALA, by upregulating pmTOR expression, reduced the protein content of two autophagy initiation markers, Beclin-1 and MAPLC3. Concomitantly, MTT assays showed that chloroquine (CQ) exposure, a well-known autophagy inhibitor, reduced cells' viability. This was more evident for treatment using the combination ALA + CQ, suggesting that ALA can reduce cells' viability by inhibiting autophagy. In addition, in DU-145 cells we observed that ALA affected the oxidative/redox balance system by deregulating the KEAP1/Nrf2/p62 signaling pathway. ALA decreased ROS production, SOD1 and GSTP1 protein expression, and significantly reduced the cytosolic and nuclear content of the transcription factor Nrf2, concomitantly downregulating p62, suggesting that ALA disrupted p62-Nrf2 feedback loop. Conversely, in LNCaP cells, ALA exposure upregulated both SOD1 and p62 protein expression, but did not affect the KEAP1/Nrf2/p62 signaling pathway. In addition, wound-healing, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays evidenced that ALA significantly reduced the motility of LNCaP and DU-145 cells and downregulated the protein expression of TGFβ1 and vimentin and the deposition of fibronectin. Finally, a soft agar assay revealed that ALA decreased the colony formation of both the prostate cancer cells by affecting the anchorage independent growth. Collectively, our in vitro evidence demonstrated that in prostate cancer cells, ALA reduces cell growth and counteracts both migration and invasion. Further studies are needed in order to achieve a better understanding of the underlined molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bossio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Raffaella Gallo
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Daniele La Russa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Michele Di Dio
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Annunziata Hospital, 87100 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.L.V.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.P.)
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Qi B, Zheng Y, Gao W, Qi Z, Gong Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Cheng X, Ning M, Lang Y, Feng J, Li T. Alpha-lipoic acid impedes myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial apoptosis, and oxidative stress by regulating HMGB1 expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175295. [PMID: 36152839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis contribute to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) plays a critical role in I/RI by impeding apoptosis and inflammation. Here, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of ALA after I/RI. METHODS The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated, and H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to establish an I/RI model. Prior to this, H9c2 cells and rats were treated using an appropriate amount of ALA. The cardiac function, inflammatory factors, and myocardial pathology were assessed in vitro. We detected cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress-related factors in vivo. Moreover, proteins of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway were detected both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS We observed that ALA increased cell viability in vitro and decreased apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. ALA inhibited reactive oxygen species production, decreased malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase activity to resist oxidative stress in vitro. ALA also reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in vivo. ALA also suppressed the levels of the apoptotic protein, Bax, and increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we observed that ALA significantly inhibited the cytoplasmic localization of HMGB1, which might attenuate MI/RI or H/R via HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION ALA regulates HMGB1 translocation and attenuates I/R via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus impeding apoptosis, oxidation, and inflammation, and might be a potential target for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcai Qi
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenqing Gao
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhenchang Qi
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijie Gong
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanwu Liu
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchao Wang
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian Cheng
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Ning
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuheng Lang
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300170, China; Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China; Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.
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Xiao J, Chen S, Chen Y, Su J. The potential health benefits of aloin from genus Aloe. Phytother Res 2022; 36:873-890. [PMID: 35040198 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The Aloe species is known for its medicinal and cosmetic properties. Aloin is an active ingredient found in the leaves of medicinal plants of the genus Aloe. Aloin has attracted considerable interest for its antiinflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. However, since its clinical application is restricted by its unclear mechanism of action, a deeper understanding of its pharmacological activity is required. This review provides an overview of current pharmacological and toxicological studies published in English from February 2000 to August 2021. Herein, we summarized the sources and potential health benefits of aloin from a clinical application perspective to guide for further studies on the sources of aloin, aimed at efficiently increasing aloin production. Importantly, the function and mechanism of action of aloin remain unclarified. In future research, it is necessary to develop new approaches for studying the pharmacological molecular mechanisms underlying the activity of this compound against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Xiao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqiang Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingqian Su
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Choi HS, Ko YS, Jin H, Kang KM, Ha IB, Jeong H, Song HN, Kim HJ, Jeong BK. Anticancer Effect of Benzimidazole Derivatives, Especially Mebendazole, on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and Radiotherapy-Resistant TNBC In Vivo and In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175118. [PMID: 34500557 PMCID: PMC8433818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer effect of benzimidazole derivatives on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and investigate its underlying mechanism of action. Several types of cancer and normal breast cells including MDA-MB-231, radiotherapy-resistant (RT-R) MDA-MB-231, and allograft mice were treated with six benzimidazole derivatives including mebendazole (MBZ). Cells were analyzed for viability, colony formation, scratch wound healing, Matrigel invasion, cell cycle, tubulin polymerization, and protein expression by using Western blotting. In mice, liver and kidney toxicity, changes in body weight and tumor volume, and incidence of lung metastasis were analyzed. Our study showed that MBZ significantly induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and downregulation of cancer stem cell markers CD44 and OCT3/4, and cancer progression-related ESM-1 protein expression in TNBC and RT-R-TNBC cells. In conclusion, MBZ has the potential to be an effective anticancer agent that can overcome treatment resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Sik Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.S.C.); (K.M.K.)
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Young Shin Ko
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hana Jin
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Ki Mun Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea; (H.S.C.); (K.M.K.)
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - In Bong Ha
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hojin Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Haa-Na Song
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.K.); (B.K.J.); Tel.: +82-55-750-9200 (H.J.K.); +82-55-750-9217 (B.K.J.)
| | - Bae Kwon Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (I.B.H.); (H.J.); (H.-N.S.)
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.K.); (B.K.J.); Tel.: +82-55-750-9200 (H.J.K.); +82-55-750-9217 (B.K.J.)
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