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Daniels WM, Sekhotha MM, Morgan N, Manilall A. The Cytotoxic Effects of Nyaope, a Heroin-based Street Drug, in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:280-290. [PMID: 38374957 PMCID: PMC10875117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nyaope is a local adulterated drug that contributes significantly to the psychosocial challenge of substance use in South Africa. Despite being a huge burden on society and the health care system, research into the deleterious effects of nyaope is limited. The aim of the present study was therefore to perform a chemical analysis of the drug and to assess its toxic effects on neuroblastoma cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that nyaope mainly consists of heroin and heroin-related products. SH-SY5Y cells were subsequently exposed to increasing concentrations of nyaope (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 µg/µL) for 1, 6 or 24 h. The toxic effects of nyaope were determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released into the cell culture medium as an indicator of necrosis, the mRNA expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 as markers of apoptosis, and the mRNA expression levels of p62 and microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1B light-chain 3 (LC3) as indicators of autophagy. Exposing SH-SY5Y cells to concentrations of nyaope 5 µg/µL and greater for 24 h, resulted in a significant increase in LDH levels in the cell culture medium, unchanged mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA, and significantly reduced p62 and elevated LC3 mRNA expression levels. The chemical analysis suggests that nyaope should be considered synonymous with heroin and the toxic effects of the drug may recruit pathways involved in necrosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie M.U. Daniels
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Matome M. Sekhotha
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, School of Molecular Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Nirvana Morgan
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Ashmeetha Manilall
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa
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2
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Pavlova JA, Guseva EA, Dontsova OA, Sergiev PV. Natural Activators of Autophagy. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1-26. [PMID: 38467543 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is the process by which cell contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelles, and cell structures are sequestered by autophagosome and delivered to lysosomes for degradation. As a process that allows the cell to get rid of non-functional components that tend to accumulate with age, autophagy has been associated with many human diseases. In this regard, the search for autophagy activators and the study of their mechanism of action is an important task for treatment of many diseases, as well as for increasing healthy life expectancy. Plants are rich sources of autophagy activators, containing large amounts of polyphenolic compounds in their composition, which can be autophagy activators in their original form, or can be metabolized by the intestinal microbiota to active compounds. This review is devoted to the plant-based autophagy activators with emphasis on the sources of their production, mechanism of action, and application in various diseases. The review also describes companies commercializing natural autophagy activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Pavlova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Guseva
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Petr V Sergiev
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Halma MTJ, Plothe C, Marik P, Lawrie TA. Strategies for the Management of Spike Protein-Related Pathology. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1308. [PMID: 37317282 PMCID: PMC10222799 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the wake of the COVID-19 crisis, a need has arisen to prevent and treat two related conditions, COVID-19 vaccine injury and long COVID-19, both of which can trace at least part of their aetiology to the spike protein, which can cause harm through several mechanisms. One significant mechanism of harm is vascular, and it is mediated by the spike protein, a common element of the COVID-19 illness, and it is related to receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. Given the significant number of people experiencing these two related conditions, it is imperative to develop treatment protocols, as well as to consider the diversity of people experiencing long COVID-19 and vaccine injury. This review summarizes the known treatment options for long COVID-19 and vaccine injury, their mechanisms, and their evidentiary basis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christof Plothe
- Center for Biophysical Osteopathy, Am Wegweiser 27, 55232 Alzey, Germany
| | - Paul Marik
- Front Line COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance (FLCCC), 2001 L St. NW Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036, USA;
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Manivasakam P, Ravi A, Ramesh J, Bhuvarahamurthy D, Kasirajan K, Vijayapoopathi S, Venugopal B, Fliri AF. Autophagy: An Emerging Target for Developing Effective Analgesics. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9445-9453. [PMID: 36936313 PMCID: PMC10018516 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate treatment of acute and chronic pain causes depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and increased mortality. Abuse and overdose of opioids and the side effects associated with chronic use of NSAID illustrate the need for development of safer and effective pain medication. Working toward this end, an in silico tool based on an emergent intelligence analytical platform that examines interactions between protein networks was used to identify molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the body's response to painful stimuli and drug treatments. Examining interactions between protein networks associated with the expression of over 20 different pain types suggests that the regulation of autophagy plays a central role in modulation of pain symptoms (see Materials and Methods). Using the topology of this regulatory scheme as an in silico screening tool, we identified that combinations of functions targeted by cannabidiol, myo-inositol, and fish oils with varying ratios of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids are projected to produce superior analgesia. For validating this prediction, we administered combinations of cannabidiol, myo-inositol, and fish oils to rats that received formalin injections in hind paws, prior to substance administration, and showed that analgesic effects produced by these combinations were comparable or superior to known NSAID analgesics, which suggests that these combinations have potential in treatment of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atchayaa Ravi
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil
Nadu, India
| | - Janani Ramesh
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil
Nadu, India
- Renal
Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
BWH, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-6195, United
States
| | | | - Kalaiyarasi Kasirajan
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil
Nadu, India
| | - Singaravel Vijayapoopathi
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil
Nadu, India
| | - Bhuvarahamurthy Venugopal
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M. Postgraduate
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil
Nadu, India
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Lee DY, Shin S. Sarcopenic obesity is associated with coffee intake in elderly Koreans. Front Public Health 2023; 11:990029. [PMID: 36817878 PMCID: PMC9932983 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.990029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the association between sarcopenic obesity (S+O+) and coffee intake inelderly Koreans. This study obtained data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008-2011), a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Of the 2,661 participants included in this study, there was a significant difference between 5.861 (95% CI 2.024-16.971) in less than one cup of coffee, and 6.245 (95% CI 2.136-18.260) in one cup of coffee, and 4.323 (95% CI 1.457-12.824) in two cups of coffee compared to three or more than cups of coffee. In contrast, in the case of sarcopenia or obesity only (S+O- or S-O+), no significant difference was found in any model. The results suggest that the elderly who consume less than one cup of coffee per day had a greater risk of S+O+ than those who consume more than three cups per day. Furthermore, there was an association between coffee intake and sarcopenia but not with obesity. Therefore, coffee intake may have prevented musculoskeletal loss in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Youn Lee
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea,Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Shin
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea,Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Sunghoon Shin ✉
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Pang S, Miao G, Zhou Y, Duan M, Bai L, Zhao X. Association between coffee intake and frailty among older American adults: A population-based cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1075817. [PMID: 36819700 PMCID: PMC9932698 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1075817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate the association between coffee consumption and frailty in older American adults. We focused on individuals at higher frailty risk, such as women, ethnic minorities, smokers, and those with obesity and insufficient physical activity. Methods The data of 8,087 individuals aged over 60 years from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were used for this cross-sectional study. The coffee drinks were classified into two categories: caffeinated and decaffeinated. Frailty was measured using the 53-item frailty index. Weighted binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between coffee intake and frailty risk. Restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the dose-response relationship between caffeinated coffee intake and frailty. Results Among the 8,087 participants, 2,458 (30.4%) had frailty. Compared with those who reported no coffee consumption, the odds ratios [ORs; 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] of total coffee consumption > 498.9 (g/day) were 0.65 (0.52, 0.79) in the fully adjusted model. Compared with those who reported no caffeinated coffee consumption, the ORs (95% CIs) of total coffee consumption > 488.4 (g/day) were 0.68 (0.54, 0.85) in the fully adjusted model. Compared with those who reported no decaffeinated coffee consumption, the ORs (95% CIs) of total coffee consumption > 0 (g/day) were 0.87 (0.71, 1.06) in the fully adjusted model. Nonlinear associations were detected between total coffee and caffeinated coffee consumption and frailty. In the subgroup analyses by smoking status, the association between coffee consumption and the risk of frailty was more pronounced in non-smokers (P for interaction = 0.031). Conclusion Caffeinated coffee consumption was independently and nonlinearly associated with frailty, especially in non-smokers. However, decaffeinated coffee consumption was not associated with frailty.
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Rasaei N, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Gholami F, Shiraseb F, Khadem A, Fatemi SF, Mirzaei K. The association between healthy beverage index and sarcopenic obesity among women with overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:25. [PMID: 36717830 PMCID: PMC9887919 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01274-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenic obesity is related to changes in body composition, loss of muscle mass, and raised adipose tissue. Beverage patterns are effective with changes in health status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and the healthy beverage index (HBI) in women with overweight and obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study conducted on 210 overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) women aged 18-56 years. The measurement of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and fat mass (FM) done by bioelectric impedance analyzer (BIA) (Inbody Co., Seoul, Korea) based on guidelines. The two lowest quintiles SMM and the two highest quintiles FM and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 are considered sarcopenic obesity in women. A validated and reliable semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate the beverage dietary data. and RFS and NRFS was calculated. Biochemical assessments were quantified by standard approaches, and physical activity were evaluated by international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULT In this cross-sectional study, 210 overweight and obese females took part (18-56) years old). The studies were carried out using binary logistic regression. After controlling for a wide variety of confounding variables such as age, energy intake, physical activity, education, and economic status, we found a negative association between HBI and risk of SO (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.35 to 1.01, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION We observed that the odds of SO was reduced by 69% in participants with higher HBI score. More well-designed studies need to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khadem
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Fatemi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Agrawal MY, Gaikwad S, Srivastava S, Srivastava SK. Research Trend and Detailed Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Food Bioactive Compounds against Cancer: A Comprehensive Review with Special Emphasis on Probiotics. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225482. [PMID: 36428575 PMCID: PMC9688469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to find a potential cure for cancer, scientists have been probing the efficacy of the food we eat and its bioactive components. Over the decades, there has been an exponentially increasing trend of research correlating food and cancer. This review explains the molecular mechanisms by which bioactive food components exhibit anticancer effects in several cancer models. These bioactive compounds are mainly plant based or microbiome based. While plants remain the primary source of these phytochemicals, little is known about probiotics, i.e., microbiome sources, and their relationships with cancer. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of probiotics are discussed in this review. The principal mode of cell death for most food bioactives is found to be apoptosis. Principal oncogenic signaling axes such as Akt/PI3K, JAK/STAT, and NF-κB seem to be modulated due to these bioactives along with certain novel targets that provide a platform for further oncogenic research. It has been observed that probiotics have an immunomodulatory effect leading to their chemopreventive actions. Various foods exhibit better efficacy as complete extracts than their individual phytochemicals, indicating an orchestrated effect of the food components. Combining bioactive agents with available chemotherapies helps synergize the anticancer action of both to overcome drug resistance. Novel techniques to deliver bioactive agents enhance their therapeutic response. Such combinations and novel approaches are also discussed in this review. Notably, most of the food components that have been studied for cancer have shown their efficacy in vivo. This bolsters the claims of these studies and, thus, provides us with hope of discovering anticancer agents in the food that we eat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Yogendra Agrawal
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
- Center for Tumor Immunology and Targeted Cancer Therapy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
| | - Shreyas Gaikwad
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
- Center for Tumor Immunology and Targeted Cancer Therapy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
| | | | - Sanjay K. Srivastava
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
- Center for Tumor Immunology and Targeted Cancer Therapy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, TX 79601, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-325-696-0464; Fax: +1-325-676-3875
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Adherence to a Healthy Beverage Score Is Associated with Lower Frailty Risk in Older Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183861. [PMID: 36145237 PMCID: PMC9501204 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many beverages include bioactive components and energy but are frequently not considered in diet quality estimations. We examined the association of a healthy beverage score (HBS) with incident frailty in older adults from the Seniors-ENRICA-1 cohort. We used data from 1900 participants (mean ± SD age 68.7 ± 6.4 years, 51.7% women), recruited in 2008–2010 and followed-up until 2012 assessing food consumption at baseline with a validated diet history. The HBS was higher for increasing consumption of low fat milk, tea/coffee, lower consumption of whole milk, fruit juice, artificially sweetened beverages, sugar-sweetened beverages, and moderate intake of alcohol. Frailty was considered as having ≥3 criteria: exhaustion, low-physical activity, slow gait speed, weakness, and weight loss. We performed logistic regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. During a 3.5 y mean follow-up, 136 new cases of frailty occurred. Compared to the lowest sex-specific HBS tertile, the fully adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of frailty was 0.59 (0.38, 0.92) in the intermediate tertile, and 0.52 (0.31, 0.88) in the highest tertile, p trend = 0.007. Results for slow gait speed were 0.79 (0.58, 1.07) and 0.71 (0.51–0.99), p trend = 0.033. Therefore, adherence to HBS was inversely associated with incident frailty and slow gait speed. HBS can help on the beverage quality evaluation, highlighting beverage importance as contributors to diet and to health.
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Nazri NSM, Vanoh D, Soo KL. Natural Food for Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review. Malays J Med Sci 2022; 29:28-42. [PMID: 36101538 PMCID: PMC9438863 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterised by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Proper nutrition is essential for management of sarcopenia. Thus, this article aims to review the association between dietary pattern or food groups consisting of natural food and sarcopenia. A literature search was performed using four databases namely PubMed, Scopus, Sage and ScienceDirect. The search terms used were 'fruits', 'vegetables', 'egg', 'fish', 'chicken', 'protein food', 'ulam', 'fresh herbs', 'sarcopenia', 'elderly and 'older adults'. A total of 18 studies were included in the final review. Adherence to Mediterranean and Japanese dietary pattern were associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia whereas Western dietary pattern was significantly associated with higher risk of sarcopenia. For food groups, there is a significant association between dietary protein intake and sarcopenia. There are also significant associations between the intake of vegetables, fruits or both vegetables and fruits, and lower risk of sarcopenia. Consumption of natural food comprising of high-quality protein, fruits and vegetables have been associated with protection against muscle wasting and sarcopenia. Therefore, it is possible that a well-planned diet may works just as effectively as or possibly better than individual nutrient supplements for the prevention and treatment for sarcopenia among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Syahidah Mohd Nazri
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Divya Vanoh
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kah Leng Soo
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Kröpfl JM, Morandi C, Gasser BA, Schoch R, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Brink M. Lymphocytes are less sensitive to autophagy than monocytes during fasting and exercise conditions. Apoptosis 2022; 27:730-739. [PMID: 35852665 PMCID: PMC9482914 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01752-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe concomitant investigation of apoptosis (a regulated cell death) and autophagy (a conserved cell survival mechanism) in immune cells is rare. More detailed knowledge of these two types of self-consumption in circulating lymphocytes and monocytes would be important, since conditions such as fasting and acute exercise could promote health by a coordinated/linked modulation of autophagy and apoptosis in these mononuclear cells. In this study we performed flow cytometry to quantify numbers of apoptotic and autophagic mononuclear cells, lymphocytes and monocytes in fasting, standardized fed, and exercise conditions, using Annexin V, LC3B, and p62, respectively. We show that within total mononuclear cells lymphocytes are less apoptotic and autophagic than monocytes during fasting (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively) and after acute exercise (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Fasting increased circulating autophagic monocyte concentrations, but not lymphocytes compared to the fed control condition. Acute exercise elevated circulating autophagic lymphocyte concentrations, but not monocytes. Interestingly, Western blotting analysis of the fasting samples showed that higher LC3BII/I ratios were correlated with lower numbers of autophagic mononuclear cells (r = − 0.74, p = 0.02, n = 8), which could be attributed to the monocyte subgroup, but not lymphocytes. These results extend the current knowledge of the two types of self-consumption in circulating immune cells and underline their possible importance in pro-inflammatory monocytes during fasting and exercise as health promoting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Kröpfl
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Morandi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt A Gasser
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Schoch
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marijke Brink
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
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Molecular Mechanisms of Coffee on Prostate Cancer Prevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3254420. [PMID: 35496060 PMCID: PMC9054433 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3254420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-κB pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development.
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Biscaro RC, Mussi L, Sufi B, Padovani G, Camargo Junior FB, Magalhães WV, Di Stasi LC. Modulation of autophagy by an innovative phytocosmetic preparation (
Myrothamnus flabelifolia
and
Coffea arabica
) in human fibroblasts and its effects in a clinical randomized placebo‐controlled trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4901-4912. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C. Biscaro
- Research and Development Department Chemyunion Química Ltda Sorocaba Brazil
| | - Lilian Mussi
- Research and Development Department Chemyunion Química Ltda Sorocaba Brazil
| | - Bianca Sufi
- Research and Development Department Chemyunion Química Ltda Sorocaba Brazil
| | - Giovana Padovani
- Research and Development Department Chemyunion Química Ltda Sorocaba Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz C. Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech) Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Brazil
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14
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Min S, Masanovic B, Bu T, Matic RM, Vasiljevic I, Vukotic M, Li J, Vukovic J, Fu T, Jabucanin B, Bujkovic R, Popovic S. The Association Between Regular Physical Exercise, Sleep Patterns, Fasting, and Autophagy for Healthy Longevity and Well-Being: A Narrative Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:803421. [PMID: 34925198 PMCID: PMC8674197 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.803421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This narrative review of the literature assessed whether regular physical exercise and sleep patterns, fasting and autophagy, altogether can be an adequate strategy for achieving healthy longevity and well-being within different stage of life. There are a large number of studies dealing with well-being and healthy longevity; however, few of them have given us a specific formula for how to live long and healthy. Despite all the advances that have been made to create adequate physical exercise programs, sleep patterns or nutritional protocols, the relation between different types of fasting, nutritional supplementation as well as regular physical exercise and sleep patterns have not yet been satisfactorily resolved to cause the best effects of autophagy and, therefore, well-being and healthy longevity. In this way, future studies should clarify more efficiently the relationship between these variables to understand the association between regular physical exercise, sleep patterns, fasting and autophagy for healthy longevity and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Min
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bojan Masanovic
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro.,Montenegrosport, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Te Bu
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Radenko M Matic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Western Balkan Sport Innovation Lab, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ivan Vasiljevic
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro
| | - Marina Vukotic
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro
| | - Jiaomu Li
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jovan Vukovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tao Fu
- College of Exercise and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Blazo Jabucanin
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro
| | - Rajko Bujkovic
- Faculty of Business Studies, Mediterranean University, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Stevo Popovic
- Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro.,Western Balkan Sport Innovation Lab, Podgorica, Montenegro.,Montenegrin Sports Academy, Podgorica, Montenegro
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15
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Papaefthymiou A, Christodoulidis G, Koffas A, Doulberis M, Polyzos SA, Manolakis A, Potamianos S, Kapsoritakis A, Kountouras J. Role of autophagy in gastric carcinogenesis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1244-1262. [PMID: 34721765 PMCID: PMC8529927 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer represents a common and highly fatal malignancy, and thus a pathophysiology-based reconsideration is necessary, given the absence of efficient therapeutic regimens. In this regard, emerging data reveal a significant role of autophagy in gastric oncogenesis, progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. Although autophagy comprises a normal primordial process, ensuring cellular homeostasis under energy depletion and stress conditions, alterations at any stage of the complex regulatory system could stimulate a tumorigenic and promoting cascade. Among others, Helicobacter pylori infection induces a variety of signaling molecules modifying autophagy, during acute infection or after chronic autophagy degeneration. Subsequently, defective autophagy allows malignant transformation and upon cancer establishment, an overactive autophagy is stimulated. This overexpressed autophagy provides energy supplies and resistance mechanisms to gastric cancer cells against hosts defenses and anticancer treatment. This review interprets the implicated autophagic pathways in normal cells and in gastric cancer to illuminate the potential preventive, therapeutic and prognostic benefits of understanding and intervening autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Thessaly, Greece
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Macedonia, Greece
- Department of Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Macedonia, Greece
| | | | - Apostolos Koffas
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Michael Doulberis
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Macedonia, Greece
- Department of Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Macedonia, Greece
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau 5001, Switzerland
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Anastasios Manolakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Spyros Potamianos
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Department of Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Macedonia, Greece
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16
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Al-Bari MAA, Ito Y, Ahmed S, Radwan N, Ahmed HS, Eid N. Targeting Autophagy with Natural Products as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9807. [PMID: 34575981 PMCID: PMC8467030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macro-autophagy (autophagy) is a highly conserved eukaryotic intracellular process of self-digestion caused by lysosomes on demand, which is upregulated as a survival strategy upon exposure to various stressors, such as metabolic insults, cytotoxic drugs, and alcohol abuse. Paradoxically, autophagy dysfunction also contributes to cancer and aging. It is well known that regulating autophagy by targeting specific regulatory molecules in its machinery can modulate multiple disease processes. Therefore, autophagy represents a significant pharmacological target for drug development and therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancers. According to the framework of autophagy, the suppression or induction of autophagy can exert therapeutic properties through the promotion of cell death or cell survival, which are the two main events targeted by cancer therapies. Remarkably, natural products have attracted attention in the anticancer drug discovery field, because they are biologically friendly and have potential therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge regarding natural products that can modulate autophagy in various cancers. These findings will provide a new position to exploit more natural compounds as potential novel anticancer drugs and will lead to a better understanding of molecular pathways by targeting the various autophagy stages of upcoming cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2–7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki 569-8686, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Samrein Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health and Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK;
| | - Nada Radwan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Hend S. Ahmed
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Omdurman Ahlia University, Khartoum 786, Sudan;
| | - Nabil Eid
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
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17
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Iwasaka C, Yamada Y, Nishida Y, Hara M, Yasukata J, Miyoshi N, Shimanoe C, Nanri H, Furukawa T, Koga K, Horita M, Higaki Y, Tanaka K. Association between habitual coffee consumption and skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and older Japanese people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:950-958. [PMID: 34405954 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Coffee consumption has been suggested, in animal studies, to inhibit the progression of sarcopenia, possibly through its anti-inflammatory effects; however, few studies have been carried out in humans. We aimed to examine whether coffee consumption was related to indicators of sarcopenia in a Japanese population, and whether the association was mediated by reduced inflammation. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional design. Participants were community residents (n = 6369) aged 45-74 years. We measured skeletal muscle mass index (SMI; kg/m2 ) by a bioelectrical impedance method, and grip strength with a Smedley-type dynamometer. Habitual coffee consumption was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured as an inflammatory marker. The association between habitual coffee consumption and SMI or grip strength was analyzed with a linear regression model adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A significant positive association was found between coffee consumption and SMI (men: β = 0.023; Ptrend = 0.004, women: β = 0.011; Ptrend = 0.012). Further adjustment for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein did not materially alter the results (men: β = 0.023; Ptrend = 0.005, women: β = 0.009; Ptrend = 0.024). The relationship between coffee consumption and grip strength did not reach statistical significance; however, a positive trend was observed (men: β = 0.208; Ptrend = 0.085, women: β = 0.092; Ptrend = 0.167). CONCLUSIONS We found that coffee consumption was positively associated with SMI independently of inflammation in middle-aged and older Japanese people. Reduced inflammation by coffee does not seem to be an important mediator, and further investigations are required to explore the mechanisms of this association. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 950-958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Iwasaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Soejima Orthopedic Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jun Yasukata
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, University of East Asia, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Childhood Care Education, Seika Women's Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Hinako Nanri
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Furukawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kayoko Koga
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Mikako Horita
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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18
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Ergin E, Tokusoglu O, Vural H. Coffee toxicology, processing of the coffee and liver diseases (is it a miracle of nature?). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Ergin
- Gastroenterology Department Ege Manisa State Hospital Manisa Turkey
| | - Ozlem Tokusoglu
- Department of Food Engineering Celal Bayar University Manisa Turkey
- Dokuz Eylül University Techn. Develop. Zone, DEPARK Technopark, SPİL INNOVA Ltd. Şti İzmir Turkey
| | - Halil Vural
- Department of Food Engineering Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus Ankara Turkey
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19
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Zhang L, Soni S, Hekimoglu E, Berkelhamer S, Çataltepe S. Impaired Autophagic Activity Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Evidence from Murine and Baboon Models. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:338-348. [PMID: 32374619 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0445oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common and serious complication associated with preterm birth. The pathogenesis of BPD is incompletely understood, and there is an unmet clinical need for effective treatments. The role of autophagy as a potential cytoprotective mechanism in BPD remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the role and regulation of autophagy in experimental models of BPD. Regulation and cellular distribution of autophagic activity during postnatal lung development and in neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung injury (nHILI) were assessed in the autophagy reporter transgenic GFP-LC3 (GFP-microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3) mouse model. Autophagic activity and its regulation were also examined in a baboon model of BPD. The role of autophagy in nHILI was determined by assessing lung morphometry, injury, and inflammation in autophagy-deficient Beclin 1 heterozygous knockout mice (Becn1+/-). Autophagic activity was induced during alveolarization in control murine lungs and localized primarily to alveolar type II cells and macrophages. Hyperoxia exposure of neonatal murine lungs and BPD in baboon lungs resulted in impaired autophagic activity in association with insufficient AMPK (5'-AMP-activated protein kinase) and increased mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) activation. Becn1+/- lungs displayed impaired alveolarization, increased alveolar septal thickness, greater neutrophil accumulation, and increased IL-1β concentrations when exposed to nHILI. Becn1+/- alveolar macrophages isolated from nHILI-exposed mice displayed increased expression of proinflammatory genes. In conclusion, basal autophagy is induced during alveolarization and disrupted during progression of nHILI in mice and BPD in baboons. Becn1+/- mice are more susceptible to nHILI, suggesting that preservation of autophagic activity may be an effective protective strategy in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, ShenYang, LiaoNing, China; and
| | - Sourabh Soni
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elvin Hekimoglu
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Berkelhamer
- Division of Newborn Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Sule Çataltepe
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Waldman HS, Renteria LI, McAllister MJ. Time-restricted feeding for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases in high-stress occupations: a mechanistic review. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:459-464. [PMID: 31774508 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors such as shift work, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and irregular sleep patterns put men and women employed in high-stress occupations (e.g., firefighters, police officers) at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a new approach to combatting many of these diseases; it places an emphasis on when meals are consumed, rather than calorie content. By only manipulating the eating "window," and without changing the food composition of the diet, research in rodent models has shown promising results that have health implications in people, such as obesity prevention, improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased oxidative stress, inflammation, and cholesterol synthesis. Human trials remain limited and the current data are mixed with regard to TRF and improving health. Present findings suggest the timing of the feeding-fasting window, with feeding taking place in the waking hours and fasting in the evening hours, might offer the greatest benefit for improving cardiometabolic markers. Although additional human trials are needed, TRF might reset and synchronize metabolic "clocks" found throughout the body that are disturbed with obesity, shift work, and frequent eating. Therefore, TRF might offer an effective feeding-fasting paradigm with significant clinical implications for the management and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases observed in individuals in high-stress occupations in the United States and in the US population in general. This review outlines the current rodent and human evidence in these areas and the efficacy of TRF for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter S Waldman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Alabama, Florence, Alabama, USA
| | - Liliana I Renteria
- Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew J McAllister
- Metabolic and Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
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21
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Min H, Youn E, Shim YH. Maternal Caffeine Intake Disrupts Eggshell Integrity and Retards Larval Development by Reducing Yolk Production in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051334. [PMID: 32392893 PMCID: PMC7284833 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, most women are exposed to caffeine, which is a widely consumed psychoactive substance. However, the consequences of maternal caffeine intake on the child remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the intergenerational effects of maternal caffeine intake on offspring in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. We treated a young mother (P0) with 10 mM of caffeine equivalent to 2–5 cans of commercial energy drinks and examined its reproduction and growth rate from P0 to F2 generation. The fertility decreased and embryonic lethality increased by defective oocytes and eggshell integrity in caffeine-ingested mothers, and F1 larval development severely retarded. These results were due to decreased production of vitellogenin protein (yolk) in caffeine-ingested mothers. Furthermore, effects of RNA interference of vitellogenin (vit) genes, vit-1 to vit-6, in P0 mothers can mimic those by caffeine-ingested mothers. In addition, RNA interference (RNAi) depletion of unc-62 (human Meis homeobox), a transcriptional activator for vit genes, also showed similar effects induced by caffeine intake. Taken together, maternal caffeine intake reduced yolk production mediated by the UNC-62 transcription factor, thereby disrupting oocyte and eggshell integrity and retarding larval development. Our study suggests the clinical significance of caffeine intake for prospective mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yhong-Hee Shim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-4059; Fax: +82-2-455-9956
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22
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Hazari Y, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Hetz C, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Autophagy in hepatic adaptation to stress. J Hepatol 2020; 72:183-196. [PMID: 31849347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily ancient process whereby eukaryotic cells eliminate disposable or potentially dangerous cytoplasmic material, to support bioenergetic metabolism and adapt to stress. Accumulating evidence indicates that autophagy operates as a critical quality control mechanism for the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis in both parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal (stellate cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells) compartments. In line with this notion, insufficient autophagy has been aetiologically involved in the pathogenesis of multiple liver disorders, including alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we critically discuss the importance of functional autophagy for hepatic physiology, as well as the mechanisms whereby defects in autophagy cause liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younis Hazari
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, USA.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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23
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Shen S, Yu H, Gan L, Ye Y, Lin L. Natural constituents from food sources: potential therapeutic agents against muscle wasting. Food Funct 2019; 10:6967-6986. [PMID: 31599912 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00912d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting is highly correlated with not only reduced quality of life but also higher morbidity and mortality. Although an increasing number of patients are suffering from various kinds of muscle atrophy and weakness, there is still no effective therapy available, and skeletal muscle is considered as an under-medicated organ. Food provided not only essential macronutrients but also functional substances involved in the modulation of the physiological systems of our body. Natural constituents from commonly consumed dietary plants, either extracts or compounds, have attracted more and more attention to be developed as agents for preventing and treating muscle wasting due to their safety and effectiveness, as well as structural diversity. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic aspects of muscle wasting, and summarizes the extracts and compounds from food sources as potential therapeutic agents against muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Lishe Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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24
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most prominent maladies in aging societies. Indeed, aging promotes the structural and functional declines of both the heart and the blood circulation system. In this review, we revise the contribution of known longevity pathways to cardiovascular health and delineate the possibilities to interfere with them. In particular, we evaluate autophagy, the intracellular catabolic recycling system associated with life- and health-span extension. We present genetic models, pharmacological interventions, and dietary strategies that block, reduce, or enhance autophagy upon age-related cardiovascular deterioration. Caloric restriction or caloric restriction mimetics like metformin, spermidine, and rapamycin (all of which trigger autophagy) are among the most promising cardioprotective interventions during aging. We conclude that autophagy is a fundamental process to ensure cardiac and vascular health during aging and outline its putative therapeutic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdellatif
- From the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (M.A., S.S.)
| | - Simon Sedej
- From the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (M.A., S.S.).,BioTechMed Graz, Austria (S.S., D.C.-G., F.M.)
| | - Didac Carmona-Gutierrez
- BioTechMed Graz, Austria (S.S., D.C.-G., F.M.).,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Austria (D.C.-G., F.M.)
| | - Frank Madeo
- BioTechMed Graz, Austria (S.S., D.C.-G., F.M.).,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Austria (D.C.-G., F.M.)
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France (G.K.).,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France (G.K.).,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France (G.K.).,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France (G.K.).,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (G.K.).,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France (G.K.).,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (G.K.)
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25
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Khandia R, Dadar M, Munjal A, Dhama K, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Iqbal HMN, Singh KP, Joshi SK, Chaicumpa W. A Comprehensive Review of Autophagy and Its Various Roles in Infectious, Non-Infectious, and Lifestyle Diseases: Current Knowledge and Prospects for Disease Prevention, Novel Drug Design, and Therapy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070674. [PMID: 31277291 PMCID: PMC6678135 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy (self-eating) is a conserved cellular degradation process that plays important roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing nutritional, metabolic, and infection-mediated stresses. Autophagy dysfunction can have various pathological consequences, including tumor progression, pathogen hyper-virulence, and neurodegeneration. This review describes the mechanisms of autophagy and its associations with other cell death mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, and autosis. Autophagy has both positive and negative roles in infection, cancer, neural development, metabolism, cardiovascular health, immunity, and iron homeostasis. Genetic defects in autophagy can have pathological consequences, such as static childhood encephalopathy with neurodegeneration in adulthood, Crohn's disease, hereditary spastic paraparesis, Danon disease, X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy, and sporadic inclusion body myositis. Further studies on the process of autophagy in different microbial infections could help to design and develop novel therapeutic strategies against important pathogenic microbes. This review on the progress and prospects of autophagy research describes various activators and suppressors, which could be used to design novel intervention strategies against numerous diseases and develop therapeutic drugs to protect human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Khandia
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462 026, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31975/148, Iran
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462 026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600051, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281 001, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar 190025, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L., CP 64849, Mexico
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Ko YF, Ke PY, Wu CY, Peng HH, Young JD. Hormetic Effects of Phytochemicals on Health and Longevity. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:335-346. [PMID: 31060881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, and exercise activate defensive cellular responses such as autophagy, DNA repair, and the induction of antioxidant enzymes. These processes improve health and longevity by protecting cells and organs against damage, mutations, and reactive oxygen species. Consuming a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms can also improve health and longevity. Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, polyphenols, and terpenoids found in plants and fungi activate the same cellular processes as caloric restriction, fasting, and exercise. Many of the beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables may thus be due to activation of stress resistance pathways by phytochemicals. A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals may provide important insights to delay aging and prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Peng
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory Animal Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Effects of spermidine supplementation on cognition and biomarkers in older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SmartAge)-study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2019; 11:36. [PMID: 31039826 PMCID: PMC6492385 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the global increase in the aging population and age-related diseases, the promotion of healthy aging is one of the most crucial public health issues. This trial aims to contribute to the establishment of effective approaches to promote cognitive and brain health in older individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Presence of SCD is known to increase the risk of objective cognitive decline and progression to dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, it is our primary goal to determine whether spermidine supplementation has a positive impact on memory performance in this at-risk group, as compared with placebo. The secondary goal is to examine the effects of spermidine intake on other neuropsychological, behavioral, and physiological parameters. Methods The SmartAge trial is a monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb trial. The study will investigate 12 months of intervention with spermidine-based nutritional supplementation (target intervention) compared with 12 months of placebo intake (control intervention). We plan to recruit 100 cognitively normal older individuals with SCD from memory clinics, neurologists and general practitioners in private practice, and the general population. Participants will be allocated to one of the two study arms using blockwise randomization stratified by age and sex with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary outcome is the change in memory performance between baseline and post-intervention visits (12 months after baseline). Secondary outcomes include the change in memory performance from baseline to follow-up assessment (18 months after baseline), as well as changes in neurocognitive, behavioral, and physiological parameters (including blood and neuroimaging biomarkers), assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Discussion The SmartAge trial aims to provide evidence of the impact of spermidine supplementation on memory performance in older individuals with SCD. In addition, we will identify possible neurophysiological mechanisms of action underlying the anticipated cognitive benefits. Overall, this trial will contribute to the establishment of nutrition intervention in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03094546. Registered 29 March 2017—retrospectively registered. Protocol version Based on EA1/250/16 version 1.5
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Ko YF, Chang CJ, Young JD. Antiaging effects of bioactive molecules isolated from plants and fungi. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:1515-1552. [PMID: 30648267 DOI: 10.1002/med.21559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry; San Francisco California
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation; Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology; New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chih-Jung Chang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
| | - John D. Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation; Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology; New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China
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Machado-Fragua MD, Struijk EA, Graciani A, Guallar-Castillon P, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. Coffee consumption and risk of physical function impairment, frailty and disability in older adults. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1415-1427. [PMID: 29549497 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Habitual coffee consumption has been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Since these diseases are main determinants of functional limitations, we have tested the hypothesis that coffee intake is associated with lower risk of physical function impairment, frailty and disability in older adults. We focused on women and those with obesity, hypertension or type 2 diabetes because they are at higher risk of functional limitations. METHODS Prospective study with 3289 individuals ≥ 60 years from the Seniors-ENRICA cohort. In 2008-2010 coffee consumption was measured through a validated dietary history. Participants were followed up until 2015 to ascertain incident impaired physical function, frailty and disability, assessed by both self-report and objective measures. RESULTS Compared with non-drinking coffee, consumption of ≥ 2 cups of coffee/day was associated with lower risk of impaired agility in women (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51-0.97, P trend 0.04) and in those with obesity (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40-0.90, P trend 0.04). Intake of ≥ 2 cups of coffee/day was also linked to reduced risk of impaired mobility in women (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46-0.95, P trend 0.02) and among individuals with hypertension (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.48-1.00, P trend 0.05). Moreover, among subjects with diabetes, those who consumed ≥ 2 cups/day had lower risk of disability in activities of daily living (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.76, P trend 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In older people, habitual coffee consumption was not associated with increased risk of functional impairment, and it might even be beneficial in women and those with hypertension, obesity or diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos D Machado-Fragua
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain. .,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ellen A Struijk
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Auxiliadora Graciani
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Guallar-Castillon
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, s/n, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain. .,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain. .,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Madeo F, Eisenberg T, Pietrocola F, Kroemer G. Spermidine in health and disease. Science 2018; 359:359/6374/eaan2788. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Nutrition, inflammation and cancer. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:843-850. [PMID: 28722707 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative aspects of nutrition have a profound effect on leukocytes and thereby affect proinflammatory carcinogenic effects or anticancer immune responses. As a result, nutrition affects the incidence, natural progression and therapeutic response of malignant diseases, both in humans and in preclinical animal models. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms through which alimentary cues modulate metabolic, microbial and neuroendocrine circuitries and thus affect the probability of developing premalignant lesions that progress to clinically manifested disease and the response to therapeutic intervention. We examine each of the connections that compose the triangle of nutrition, immunological and inflammatory reactions and cancer while focusing on the mechanistic aspects of these relationships.
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Takahashi K, Yanai S, Shimokado K, Ishigami A. Coffee consumption in aged mice increases energy production and decreases hepatic mTOR levels. Nutrition 2017; 38:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Chung H, Moon JH, Kim JI, Kong MH, Huh JS, Kim HJ. Association of Coffee Consumption with Sarcopenia in Korean Elderly Men: Analysis Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011. Korean J Fam Med 2017; 38:141-147. [PMID: 28572890 PMCID: PMC5451448 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.3.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Coffee has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that have been shown to be inversely related to the mechanism of sarcopenia. While there have been some studies on the effect of coffee on sarcopenia in animals, studies on the topic in humans are rare. Therefore, we investigated this relationship in elderly Korean men. Methods The cross-sectional data were derived from the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After applying the exclusion criteria, the study sample consisted of 1,781 men who were at least 60 years of age. Study participants were identified as having sarcopenia if their appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared was less than two standard deviations below the gender-specific mean of this value for young adults. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as <1 cup, 1 cup, 2 cups, and ≥3 cups. Results Compared to the group of individuals who drank less than one cup of coffee a day, people who consumed at least 3 cups (adjusted odds ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.94) showed significantly decreased sarcopenia; however, the decrease was not significant when the daily coffee consumption was 1 or 2 cups. In multivariate logistic regression models, significant associations were observed between sarcopenia and coffee consumption (P for trend=0.039). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that consuming at least 3 cups of coffee per day was associated with a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly Korean elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Chung
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Moon
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ju Il Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Kong
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jung Sik Huh
- Department of Urology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Urology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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Kim JH, Park YS. Light coffee consumption is protective against sarcopenia, but frequent coffee consumption is associated with obesity in Korean adults. Nutr Res 2017; 41:97-102. [PMID: 28464999 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the effects of coffee on body composition in the general population. In this cross-sectional study, we hypothesized that coffee consumption is protective against obesity and sarcopenia in Korean adults. The study included 6906 subjects aged ≥40 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2009-2010. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and obesity was determined according to the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height-squared that was below the lower quintile of the study population. Participants were classified into 4 groups according to the degree of coffee consumption (<1/d, 1/d, 2/d, and ≥3/d).The numbers of participants who were obese by BMI, obese by WC, and sarcopenic were 2390 (35.5%), 2033 (28.5%), and 1438 (20.0%), respectively. On multiple logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia was lower in men who drink coffee once a day compared to those who rarely drink coffee (OR: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.94). Women who consumed coffee ≥3 times/d had higher obesity ORs than those who rarely drink coffee according to both obesity indices (OR: 1.57, 95% CI, 1.18-2.10 for obesity by BMI; OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01-1.75 for obesity by WC). Light coffee consumption was protective against sarcopenia in men, whereas frequent coffee consumption produced a higher risk for obesity, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Coffee is the most popular beverage in the world. Consumption of coffee has been shown to benefit health in general, and liver health in particular. This article reviews the effects of coffee intake on development and progression of liver disease due to various causes. We also describe the putative mechanisms by which coffee exerts the protective effect. The clinical evidence of benefit of coffee consumption in Hepatitis B and C, as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, has also been presented. Coffee consumption is associated with improvement in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGTP), especially in individuals with risk for liver disease. Coffee intake more than 2 cups per day in patients with preexisting liver disease has been shown to be associated with lower incidence of fibrosis and cirrhosis, lower hepatocellular carcinoma rates, as well as decreased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manav Wadhawan
- Fortis Escorts Liver and Digestive Diseases Institute, Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Manav Wadhawan, Senior Consultant, Fortis Escorts Liver and Digestive Diseases Institute, Delhi, India.Manav Wadhawan, Senior Consultant, Fortis Escorts Liver and Digestive Diseases InstituteDelhiIndia
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Salomone F, Godos J, Zelber-Sagi S. Natural antioxidants for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: molecular targets and clinical perspectives. Liver Int 2016; 36:5-20. [PMID: 26436447 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is emerging as a main health problem in industrialized countries. Lifestyle modifications are effective in the treatment of NAFLD; however, the long-term compliance is low. Therefore, several pharmacological treatments have been proposed but none has shown significant efficacy or long-term safety. Natural polyphenols are a heterogeneous class of polyphenolic compounds contained in vegetables, which are being proposed for the treatment of different metabolic disorders. Although the beneficial effect of these compounds has traditionally related to their antioxidant properties, they also exert several beneficial effects on hepatic and extra-hepatic glucose and lipid homeostasis. Furthermore, natural polyphenols exert antifibrogenic and antitumoural effects in animal models, which appear relevant from a clinical point of view because of the association of NASH with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several polyphenols, such anthocyanins, curcumin and resveratrol and those present in coffee, tea, soy are available in the diet and their consumption can be proposed as part of a healthy diet for the treatment of NAFLD. Other phenolic compounds, such as silymarin, are commonly consumed worldwide as nutraceuticals or food supplements. Natural antioxidants are reported to have beneficial effects in preclinical models of NAFLD and in pilot clinical trials, and thus need clinical evaluation. In this review, we summarize the existing evidence regarding the potential role of natural antioxidants in the treatment of NAFLD and examine possible future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Salomone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ospedale di Acireale, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Shira Zelber-Sagi
- The Liver Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Vainshtein A, Hood DA. The regulation of autophagy during exercise in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 120:664-73. [PMID: 26679612 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00550.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The merits of exercise on muscle health and well-being are numerous and well documented. However, the mechanisms underlying the robust adaptations induced by exercise, particularly on mitochondria, are less clear and much sought after. Recently, an evolutionary conserved cellular recycling mechanism known as autophagy has been implicated in the adaptations to acute and chronic exercise. A basal level of autophagy is constantly ongoing in cells and tissues, ensuring cellular clearance and energy homeostasis. This pathway can be further induced, as a survival mechanism, by cellular perturbations, such as energetic imbalance and oxidative stress. During exercise, a biphasic autophagy response is mobilized, leading to both an acute induction and a long-term potentiation of the process. Posttranslational modifications arising from upstream signaling cascades induce an acute autophagic response during a single bout of exercise by mobilizing core autophagy machinery. A transcriptional program involving the regulators Forkhead box O, transcription factor EB, p53, and peroxisome proliferator coactivator-1α is also induced to fuel sustained increases in autophagic capacity. Autophagy has also been documented to mediate chronic exercise-induced metabolic benefits, and animal models in which autophagy is perturbed do not adapt to exercise to the same extent. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the field of autophagy and exercise. We specifically highlight the molecular mechanisms activated during acute exercise that lead to a prolonged adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vainshtein
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Dirks-Naylor AJ. The benefits of coffee on skeletal muscle. Life Sci 2015; 143:182-6. [PMID: 26546720 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coffee is consumed worldwide with greater than a billion cups of coffee ingested every day. Epidemiological studies have revealed an association of coffee consumption with reduced incidence of a variety of chronic diseases as well as all-cause mortality. Current research has primarily focused on the effects of coffee or its components on various organ systems such as the cardiovascular system, with relatively little attention on skeletal muscle. Summary of current literature suggests that coffee has beneficial effects on skeletal muscle. Coffee has been shown to induce autophagy, improve insulin sensitivity, stimulate glucose uptake, slow the progression of sarcopenia, and promote the regeneration of injured muscle. Much more research is needed to reveal the full scope of benefits that coffee consumption may exert on skeletal muscle structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie J Dirks-Naylor
- School of Pharmacy, Wingate University, 515 N. Main Street, Wingate, NC 28174, United States.
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Madeo F, Zimmermann A, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G. Essential role for autophagy in life span extension. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:85-93. [PMID: 25654554 PMCID: PMC4382258 DOI: 10.1172/jci73946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Life and health span can be prolonged by calorie limitation or by pharmacologic agents that mimic the effects of caloric restriction. Both starvation and the genetic inactivation of nutrient signaling converge on the induction of autophagy, a cytoplasmic recycling process that counteracts the age-associated accumulation of damaged organelles and proteins as it improves the metabolic fitness of cells. Here we review experimental findings indicating that inhibition of the major nutrient and growth-related signaling pathways as well as the upregulation of anti-aging pathways mediate life span extension via the induction of autophagy. Furthermore, we discuss mounting evidence suggesting that autophagy is not only necessary but, at least in some cases, also sufficient for increasing longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Spermidine induces autophagy by inhibiting the acetyltransferase EP300. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:509-16. [PMID: 25526088 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several natural compounds found in health-related food items can inhibit acetyltransferases as they induce autophagy. Here we show that this applies to anacardic acid, curcumin, garcinol and spermidine, all of which reduce the acetylation level of cultured human cells as they induce signs of increased autophagic flux (such as the formation of green fluorescent protein-microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) puncta and the depletion of sequestosome-1, p62/SQSTM1) coupled to the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). We performed a screen to identify the acetyltransferases whose depletion would activate autophagy and simultaneously inhibit mTORC1. The knockdown of only two acetyltransferases (among 43 candidates) had such effects: EP300 (E1A-binding protein p300), which is a lysine acetyltranferase, and NAA20 (N(α)-acetyltransferase 20, also known as NAT5), which catalyzes the N-terminal acetylation of methionine residues. Subsequent studies validated the capacity of a pharmacological EP300 inhibitor, C646, to induce autophagy in both normal and enucleated cells (cytoplasts), underscoring the capacity of EP300 to repress autophagy by cytoplasmic (non-nuclear) effects. Notably, anacardic acid, curcumin, garcinol and spermidine all inhibited the acetyltransferase activity of recombinant EP300 protein in vitro. Altogether, these results support the idea that EP300 acts as an endogenous repressor of autophagy and that potent autophagy inducers including spermidine de facto act as EP300 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica I Dumit
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS); Department of Dermatology; Medical Center; Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA); BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies; University of Freiburg; Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS); Department of Dermatology; Medical Center; Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA); BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies; University of Freiburg; Freiburg, Germany
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