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Dave N, Cetiner U, Arroyo D, Fonbuena J, Tiwari M, Barrera P, Lander N, Anishkin A, Sukharev S, Jimenez V. A novel mechanosensitive channel controls osmoregulation, differentiation, and infectivity in Trypanosoma cruzi. eLife 2021; 10:67449. [PMID: 34212856 PMCID: PMC8282336 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Chagas disease undergoes drastic morphological and biochemical modifications as it passes between hosts and transitions from extracellular to intracellular stages. The osmotic and mechanical aspects of these cellular transformations are not understood. Here we identify and characterize a novel mechanosensitive channel in Trypanosoma cruzi (TcMscS) belonging to the superfamily of small-conductance mechanosensitive channels (MscS). TcMscS is activated by membrane tension and forms a large pore permeable to anions, cations, and small osmolytes. The channel changes its location from the contractile vacuole complex in epimastigotes to the plasma membrane as the parasites develop into intracellular amastigotes. TcMscS knockout parasites show significant fitness defects, including increased cell volume, calcium dysregulation, impaired differentiation, and a dramatic decrease in infectivity. Our work provides mechanistic insights into components supporting pathogen adaptation inside the host, thus opening the exploration of mechanosensation as a prerequisite for protozoan infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Dave
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, United States
| | - Ugur Cetiner
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, United States
| | - Daniel Arroyo
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, United States
| | - Joshua Fonbuena
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, United States
| | - Megna Tiwari
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, United States
| | - Patricia Barrera
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia IHEM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Noelia Lander
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, United States
| | - Sergei Sukharev
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, United States
| | - Veronica Jimenez
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, United States
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Aranda-Sicilia MN, Aboukila A, Armbruster U, Cagnac O, Schumann T, Kunz HH, Jahns P, Rodríguez-Rosales MP, Sze H, Venema K. Envelope K+/H+ Antiporters AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 Function in Plastid Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:441-9. [PMID: 27443603 PMCID: PMC5074627 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy, yet the development of chloroplast and thylakoid membranes is poorly understood. Loss of function of the two envelope K(+)/H(+) antiporters AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 was shown previously to have negative effects on the efficiency of photosynthesis and plant growth; however, the molecular basis remained unclear. Here, we tested whether the previously described phenotypes of double mutant kea1kea2 plants are due in part to defects during early chloroplast development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We show that impaired growth and pigmentation is particularly evident in young expanding leaves of kea1kea2 mutants. In proliferating leaf zones, chloroplasts contain much lower amounts of photosynthetic complexes and chlorophyll. Strikingly, AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 proteins accumulate to high amounts in small and dividing plastids, where they are specifically localized to the two caps of the organelle separated by the fission plane. The unusually long amino-terminal domain of 550 residues that precedes the antiport domain appears to tether the full-length AtKEA2 protein to the two caps. Finally, we show that the double mutant contains 30% fewer chloroplasts per cell. Together, these results show that AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 transporters in specific microdomains of the inner envelope link local osmotic, ionic, and pH homeostasis to plastid division and thylakoid membrane formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Nieves Aranda-Sicilia
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Ali Aboukila
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Ute Armbruster
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Olivier Cagnac
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Tobias Schumann
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Peter Jahns
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - María Pilar Rodríguez-Rosales
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Heven Sze
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
| | - Kees Venema
- Departimento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular, y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain (M.N.A.-S., A.A., O.C., M.P.R.-R., K.V.);Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (U.A.);Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (T.S., P.J.);School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4236 (H.-H.K.); andDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 (H.S.)
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