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Kanugo A, Gautam RK, Kamal MA. Recent advances of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:1581-1595. [PMID: 34967294 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666211230113658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of advanced treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the utmost need of an era. TNBC is recognized as the most aggressive, metastatic cancer and the leading cause of mortality in females worldwide. The lack of expression of triple receptors namely, estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal receptor2 defined TNBC. OBJECTIVE The current review introduced the novel biomarkers such as miRNA and family, PD1, EGFR, VEGF, TILs, P53, AR and PI3K, etc. contributed significantly to the prognosis and diagnosis of TNBC. Once diagnosed the utilization advanced approaches available for TNBC because of the limitations of chemotherapy. Novel approaches include lipid-based (liposomes, SLN, NLC, and SNEDDS), polymer-based (micelle, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and quantum dots), advanced nanocarriers such as (exosomes, antibody and peptide-drug conjugates), carbon-based nanocarriers (Carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide). Lipid-based delivery is used for excellent carriers for hydrophobic drugs, biocompatibility, and lesser systemic toxicities than chemotherapeutic agents. Polymer-based approaches are preferred over lipids for providing longer circulation time, nanosize, high loading efficiency, high linking; avoiding the expulsion of drugs, targeted action, diagnostic and biosensing abilities. Advanced approaches like exosomes, conjugated moieties are preferred over polymeric for possessing potency, high penetrability, biomarkers, and avoiding the toxicity of tissues. Carbon-based gained wide applicability for their unique properties like a versatile carrier, prognostic, diagnostic, sensing, photodynamic, and photothermal characteristics. CONCLUSION The survival rate can be increased by utilizing several kinds of biomarkers. The advanced approaches can also be significantly useful in the prognosis and theranostic of triple-negative breast cancer. One of the biggest successes in treating with nanotechnology-based approaches is the marked reduction of systemic toxicity with high therapeutic effectiveness compared with chemotherapy, surgery, etc. The requirements such as prompt diagnosis, longer circulation time, high efficiency, and high potency, can be fulfilled with these nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kanugo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM NMIMS School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Dhule, India
| | - Rupesh K Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala (Haryana) India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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Ganesan K, Wang Y, Gao F, Liu Q, Zhang C, Li P, Zhang J, Chen J. Targeting Engineered Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111829. [PMID: 34834243 PMCID: PMC8623926 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in women globally after lung cancer. Presently, the most important approach for BC treatment consists of surgery, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The latter therapeutic methods are often unsuccessful in the treatment of BC because of their various side effects and the damage incurred to healthy tissues and organs. Currently, numerous nanoparticles (NPs) have been identified and synthesized to selectively target BC cells without causing any impairments to the adjacent normal tissues or organs. Based on an exploratory study, this comprehensive review aims to provide information on engineered NPs and their payloads as promising tools in the treatment of BC. Therapeutic drugs or natural bioactive compounds generally incorporate engineered NPs of ideal sizes and shapes to enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution, while reducing their side effects and immunogenicity. Furthermore, ligands such as peptides, antibodies, and nucleic acids on the surface of NPs precisely target BC cells. Studies on the synthesis of engineered NPs and their impact on BC were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. This review provides insights on the importance of engineered NPs and their methodology for validation as a next-generation platform with preventive and therapeutic effects against BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Fei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (F.G.); (C.Z.)
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (F.G.); (C.Z.)
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China;
| | - Jinming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (F.G.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.C.); Tel.: +852-3917-6479 (J.C.)
| | - Jianping Chen
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518063, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.C.); Tel.: +852-3917-6479 (J.C.)
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Caminade AM, Hameau A, Turrin CO, Laurent R, Majoral JP. Dendritic metal complexes for bioimaging. Recent advances. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ouyang Z, Gao Y, Shen M, Shi X. Dendrimer-based nanohybrids in cancer photomedicine. Mater Today Bio 2021; 10:100111. [PMID: 34027382 PMCID: PMC8134734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer phototherapy with non-invasiveness and high therapeutical efficiency has emerged as a hot spot research in cancer management. Various nanomaterials have been involved in the development of novel photoactive agents to overcome the current limitations in cancer phototherapy. Dendrimers, as an excellent nanocarrier with unique physicochemical properties, have received extensive attention and much effort has been made in the development of dendrimer-based hybrid platforms for photomedicine applications. Dendrimers can be entrapped with photosensitive agents within their internal cavities and be surface modified with reactive molecules, constructing multifunctional nanoplatforms for cancer treatment. In this review, we concisely survey the design of several different kinds of dendrimer-based nanohybrids for cancer photomedicine applications, and provide an overview of their recent applications in molecular imaging, single-modality photothermal therapy or photodynamic therapy, combination therapy, and theranostics of cancer. In addition, we also briefly discuss the future perspectives in the area of dendrimer-based nanohybrids for cancer photomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
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Thakur V, Kutty RV. Recent advances in nanotheranostics for triple negative breast cancer treatment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:430. [PMID: 31661003 PMCID: PMC6819447 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most complex and aggressive type of breast cancer encountered world widely in women. Absence of hormonal receptors on breast cancer cells necessitates the chemotherapy as the only treatment regime. High propensity to metastasize and relapse in addition to poor prognosis and survival motivated the oncologist, nano-medical scientist to develop novel and efficient nanotherapies to solve such a big TNBC challenge. Recently, the focus for enhanced availability, targeted cellular uptake with minimal toxicity is achieved by nano-carriers. These smart nano-carriers carrying all the necessary arsenals (drugs, tracking probe, and ligand) designed in such a way that specifically targets the TNBC cells at site. Articulating the targeted delivery system with multifunctional molecules for high specificity, tracking, diagnosis, and treatment emerged as theranostic approach. In this review, in addition to classical treatment modalities, recent advances in nanotheranostics for early and effective diagnostic and treatment is discussed. This review highlighted the recently FDA approved immunotherapy and all the ongoing clinical trials for TNBC, in addition to nanoparticle assisted immunotherapy. Futuristic but realistic advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning not only improve early diagnosis but also assist clinicians for their workup in TNBC. The novel concept of Nanoparticles induced endothelial leakiness (NanoEL) as a way of tumor invasion is also discussed in addition to classical EPR effect. This review intends to provide basic insight and understanding of the novel nano-therapeutic modalities in TNBC diagnosis and treatment and to sensitize the readers for continue designing the novel nanomedicine. This is the first time that designing nanoparticles with stoichiometric definable number of antibodies per nanoparticle now represents the next level of precision by design in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Thakur
- Department of Virology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Rajaletchumy Veloo Kutty
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, College of Engineering Technology,University Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang Malaysia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow, University Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang Malaysia
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Deng Y, Xu A, Yu Y, Fu C, Liang G. Biomedical Applications of Fluorescent and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dual‐Modality Probes. Chembiochem 2018; 20:499-510. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- Institute for Interdisciplinary & Research Key Laboratory of, Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationJianghan University Wuhan 430056 P.R. China
| | - Aifei Xu
- School of Tobacco Science and EngineeringZhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450002 P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Yu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary & Research Key Laboratory of, Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationJianghan University Wuhan 430056 P.R. China
| | - Cheng Fu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary & Research Key Laboratory of, Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationJianghan University Wuhan 430056 P.R. China
| | - Gaolin Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
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Yu Q, Xin K, Miao Y, Li Z, Fu S, Hu S, Zhang Q, Zhou S. Anti-tumor responses to hypofractionated radiation in mice grafted with triple negative breast cancer is associated with decorin induction in peritumoral muscles. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1150-1157. [PMID: 30124739 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal one for all types of breast cancer. Though radiotherapy is an efficient treatment, long-term survival rate of TNBC patients is still suboptimal. Hyprofractionated radiotherapy, an improved radiotherapy, has made an inspiring result in clinic. However, the mechanism underlying TNBC treated with hyprofractionated radiotherapy is not clear. Decorin (DCN) is a small poteoglycan of matrix which has an inhibitory effect on the breast cancer and is secreted by muscle under certain conditions. In this study, we demonstrated that peritumoral muscles secrete more DCN at higher dose irradiation than that at conventional irradiation dose in TNBC tumor-bearing mice. Thus, it indicates that DCN secreted from peritumoral muscle may be one of the reasons why hyprofractionated radiotherapy could inhibit the growth of TNBC more effectively. Moreover, we also indicated that the up-regulated DCN attenuated lung metastasis of TNBC. In conclusion, we demonstrated that hypofractionated radiation promotes the secretion of DCN in peritumoral muscle, thus enhancing the inhibitory effect on TNBC, which might help to optimize the strategy of radiotherapy for TNBC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kedao Xin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaobin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shudong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated of Renmin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Zhou
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Dendritic polymers or dendrimers present an alternate template for the development of nanoparticulate-based drug delivery and imaging systems. The smaller size (~7-12 nm) of dendrimers have the advantage over the other particles, because its smaller size can possibly improve tumor penetration and the inclusion of tumor specific drug release mechanisms. A Paramagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) MRI contrast agent, Eu-DOTA-Gly4 or a clinical relevant Gd-DOTA was conjugated on the surface of a G5 PAMAM dendrimer. To create a dual mode MRI-optical imaging nanoparticle, Dylight680 was also incorporated on the amines surface of a G5 dendrimer. The particle was detected with in vivo MRI in preclinical glioma animal model. Furthermore, noninvasive imaging results were validated with in vivo and ex-vivo optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meser M Ali
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Elgqvist J. Nanoparticles as Theranostic Vehicles in Experimental and Clinical Applications-Focus on Prostate and Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1102. [PMID: 28531102 PMCID: PMC5455010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate and breast cancer are the second most and most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women worldwide, respectively. The American Cancer Society estimates that during 2016 in the USA around 430,000 individuals were diagnosed with one of these two types of cancers, and approximately 15% of them will die from the disease. In Europe, the rate of incidences and deaths are similar to those in the USA. Several different more or less successful diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been developed and evaluated in order to tackle this issue and thereby decrease the death rates. By using nanoparticles as vehicles carrying both diagnostic and therapeutic molecular entities, individualized targeted theranostic nanomedicine has emerged as a promising option to increase the sensitivity and the specificity during diagnosis, as well as the likelihood of survival or prolonged survival after therapy. This article presents and discusses important and promising different kinds of nanoparticles, as well as imaging and therapy options, suitable for theranostic applications. The presentation of different nanoparticles and theranostic applications is quite general, but there is a special focus on prostate cancer. Some references and aspects regarding breast cancer are however also presented and discussed. Finally, the prostate cancer case is presented in more detail regarding diagnosis, staging, recurrence, metastases, and treatment options available today, followed by possible ways to move forward applying theranostics for both prostate and breast cancer based on promising experiments performed until today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörgen Elgqvist
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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